Chapter 20
Chapter 20
Plant Kingdom
Plant Kingdom
Non-Vascular Plants
Non-Vascular Plants
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
2
2
Plant Kingdom
Plant Kingdom
Characteristics
Characteristics
Photosynthetic pigments
Photosynthetic pigments
Chlorophylls a and b
Chlorophylls a and b
Storage Carbohydrate
Storage Carbohydrate
Starch
Starch
Cell Wall
Cell Wall
Cellulose
Cellulose
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
3
3
Plant Kingdom
Plant Kingdom
Cell Division
Cell Division
Cell plate and phragmoplast
Cell plate and phragmoplast
formation
formation
Evolutionary Ancestry
Evolutionary Ancestry
Some algae and all land plants share
Some algae and all land plants share
these traits
these traits
Plants emerged 400 mya
Plants emerged 400 mya
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
4
4
Plant Kingdom
Plant Kingdom
Terrestrial life adaptations
Terrestrial life adaptations
Prevention of dessication
Prevention of dessication
Gametangia
Gametangia
and
and
sporangia
sporangia
with
with
protective cell layers
protective cell layers
Waxy/fatty cuticle
Waxy/fatty cuticle
Zygotes
Zygotes
embryos
embryos
within
within
parental tissues
parental tissues
All tissues specialized for terrestrial
All tissues specialized for terrestrial
life
life
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
5
5
Plant Kingdom
Plant Kingdom
“
“
Groupings”
Groupings”
Non-vascular plants
Non-vascular plants
Hepaticophyta
Hepaticophyta
– liverworts
– liverworts
Anthocerophyta
Anthocerophyta
– hornworts
– hornworts
Bryophyta
Bryophyta
– mosses
– mosses
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
6
6
Plant Kingdom
Plant Kingdom
Seedless vascular plants
Seedless vascular plants
Phyla
Phyla
Psilotophyta
Psilotophyta
– whisk ferns
– whisk ferns
Lycopodiophyta
Lycopodiophyta
– ground pines
– ground pines
Equisetophyta
Equisetophyta
– horsetails
– horsetails
Polypodiophyta
Polypodiophyta
– ferns
– ferns
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
7
7
Plant Kingdom
Plant Kingdom
Seed vascular plants
Seed vascular plants
‘
‘
Gymnosperms
Gymnosperms
’
’
Pinophyta
Pinophyta
– pines
– pines
Ginkgophyta
Ginkgophyta
-- ginkgo
-- ginkgo
Cycadophyta
Cycadophyta
– cycads
– cycads
Gnetophyta
Gnetophyta
- gnetophytes
- gnetophytes
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
8
8
Plant Kingdom
Plant Kingdom
‘
‘
Angiosperms
Angiosperms
’
’
Phyla
Phyla
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class: Liliopsida (monocots)
Class: Liliopsida (monocots)
Class: Magnoliopsida (dicots)
Class: Magnoliopsida (dicots)
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
9
9
Phylum Hepaticophyta
Phylum Hepaticophyta
Liverworts
Liverworts
Characteristics
Characteristics
Low-living, wet, flagellated sperm
Low-living, wet, flagellated sperm
require ‘free’ water for sexual
require ‘free’ water for sexual
reproduction
reproduction
Liverwort Life Cycle
Liverwort Life Cycle
Asexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
Gemmae cups
Gemmae cups
– small lens-
– small lens-
shaped pieces of thallus tissue
shaped pieces of thallus tissue
produced in a cup-like structure
produced in a cup-like structure
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
10
10
Phylum Hepaticophyta
Phylum Hepaticophyta
Liverworts
Liverworts
Sexual Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction
Haplo-diplontic life cycle
Haplo-diplontic life cycle
Gametophyte
Gametophyte
: nutritionally
: nutritionally
independent, leaf-like, green and
independent, leaf-like, green and
photosynthetic
photosynthetic
Sporophyte
Sporophyte
attached to underside of
attached to underside of
archegoniophore
archegoniophore
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
11
11
Phylum Hepaticophyta
Phylum Hepaticophyta
Liverworts
Liverworts
Nutritionally dependent upon
Nutritionally dependent upon
gametophyte
gametophyte
Gametophyte
Gametophyte
Antheridiophore
Antheridiophore
: stalk
: stalk
terminating in an umbrella-like
terminating in an umbrella-like
structure
structure
Anteridia
Anteridia
develop on upper
develop on upper
surface
surface
flagellated sperm
flagellated sperm
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
12
12
Phylum Hepaticophyta
Phylum Hepaticophyta
Liverworts
Liverworts
Archegoniophore
Archegoniophore
: stalk
: stalk
bearing archegonia on lower
bearing archegonia on lower
surface
surface
egg
egg
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
13
13
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
14
14
Phylum Hepaticophyta
Phylum Hepaticophyta
Liverworts
Liverworts
Characteristics
Characteristics
Leafy liverworts
Leafy liverworts
‘
‘
Stems’ and
Stems’ and
‘Leaves’
‘Leaves’
Rhizoids
Rhizoids
attach
attach
plant to substrate
plant to substrate
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
15
15
Phylum Hepaticophyta
Phylum Hepaticophyta
Liverworts
Liverworts
Thalloid liverworts
Thalloid liverworts
– note
– note
undifferentiated
undifferentiated
plant body
plant body
Archegoniophores
Archegoniophores
Antheridiophores
Antheridiophores
Gametophyte
Gametophyte
Rhizoids
Rhizoids
attach
attach
plant to substrate
plant to substrate
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
16
16
Phylum Bryophyta
Phylum Bryophyta
The Mosses
The Mosses
Characteristics
Characteristics
‘
‘
Leaves
Leaves
’: flattened structures
’: flattened structures
engaged in photosynthesis but
engaged in photosynthesis but
without vascular tissues (xylem
without vascular tissues (xylem
and phloem)
and phloem)
‘
‘
Stems
Stems
’: stem-like, elevate leaves
’: stem-like, elevate leaves
above substrate surface, without
above substrate surface, without
xylem and phloem
xylem and phloem
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
17
17
Phylum Bryophyta
Phylum Bryophyta
The Mosses
The Mosses
Life Cycle
Life Cycle
Haplo-diplontic life cycle, flagellated
Haplo-diplontic life cycle, flagellated
sperm, free water required
sperm, free water required
Gametophytes
Gametophytes
Conspicuous plants
Conspicuous plants
Leafy with ‘leaves’ and ‘stems’
Leafy with ‘leaves’ and ‘stems’
Without xylem and phloem
Without xylem and phloem
Rhizoids anchor plant to substrate
Rhizoids anchor plant to substrate
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
18
18
Phylum Bryophyta
Phylum Bryophyta
The Mosses
The Mosses
Archegonia
Archegonia
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
19
19
Phylum Bryophyta
Phylum Bryophyta
The Mosses
The Mosses
Antheridi
Antheridi
a
a
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
20
20
Phylum Bryophyta
Phylum Bryophyta
The Mosses
The Mosses
Sporophytes
Sporophytes
Develop from embryo within the
Develop from embryo within the
archegonium
archegonium
Nutritionally dependent upon
Nutritionally dependent upon
gametophyte
gametophyte
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
21
21
Phylum Bryophyta
Phylum Bryophyta
The Mosses
The Mosses
Sporophyt
Sporophyt
es
es
05/24/21
05/24/21
Biology 3222 – General
Biology 3222 – General
Botany
Botany
22
22
Document Outline
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
Wyszukiwarka
Podobne podstrony:
Bryophyta
Bryophyta
Bryophyta podział systematyczny
BRYOPHYTA
bryophytes, Klasa
Bryophyta
więcej podobnych podstron