Osobowościowe uwarunkowania zachowań agresywnych Kucyper

background image

-T\[U\VQH-WE[RGT

*

262%2:2&,2:(8:$581.2:$1,$

=$&+2:$ý$*5(6<:1<&+

1D HIHNW\ZQH IXQNFMRQRZDQLH MHGQRVWNL Z ZLHFLH VSRáHF]Q\P ZSá\ZD

]MHGQHMVWURQ\SRF]XFLHZáDVQHJRÄMD´ZUD]]FDá\PV\VWHPHPLQIRUPDFMLRVRELH
DZLFRZáDVQ\FKPR*OLZRFLDFKLXPLHMWQRFLDFK]GUXJLHMQDWRPLDVWRJURPQH
]QDF]HQLHPDZLDGRPRüZáDVQHMSR]\FMLVSRáHF]QHMZSá\ZDMFDQDNV]WDáWRZDQLH
UHODFML]HZLDWHP]HZQWU]Q\P7HZáDQLHHOHPHQW\NV]WDáWXMZLHG]MHGQRVWNL
WZRU]FZHIHNFLHVSyMQ\REUD]ZáDVQHMRVRE\:\Uy*QLDVLSU]\W\PWU]\PHFKD
QL]P\VSU]\MDMFHLQWHJUDFMLRVRERZRFLMHGQRVWNL$%DUWRV]HN

± G*HQLHGRXWU]\PDQLDZáDVQHMWR*VDPRFL
± G*HQLHGRXWU]\PDQLDLZ]URVWXSRF]XFLDRVRELVWHMNRQWUROLQDG

U]HF]\ZLVWRFL

± G*HQLHGRXWU]\PDQLDLZ]URVWXSRF]XFLDZáDVQHMZDUWRFL
7R*VDPRüMHGQRVWNL´±SRMFLHV]HURNLHLQLHMHGQR]QDF]QH±RNUHODZVZR

ERGQ\ VSRVyE SRF]XFLH MD(QL ZáDVQ\FK XF]Xü L SRJOGyZ GRW\F]F\FK VLHELH
VDPHJR -HVW WR WDN*H SRVWU]HJDQLH VLHELH MDNR RGUEQHM MHGQRVWNL G\VSRQXMFHM
RNUHORQ\PL NRPSHWHQFMDPL RUD] SUHG\VSR]\FMDPL L XPLHMWQRFLDPL RVRERZR

FLRZ\PL 3RF]XFLH WR*VDPRFL XPR*OLZLD UyZQRF]HQLH MHGQRVWFH SRGPLRWRZH

IXQNFMRQRZDQLH RUD] NLHURZDQLH VL ZáDVQ DNW\ZQRFL MDN UyZQLH* SRGHMPR
ZDQLHG]LDáDQLHZ\PXV]RQ\FKSU]H]F]\QQLNL]HZQWU]QHSRU*0DUVKDOO
$.R]áRZVND

3RF]XFLH NRQWUROL QDG U]HF]\ZLVWRFL MHVW QDWRPLDVW ]PLHQQ RVRERZR

FLRZ Z\NRU]\VW\ZDQ GR Z\MDQLDQLD L SU]HZLG\ZDQLD SRVWSRZDQLD F]áR

ZLHND Z Uy*Q\FK V\WXDFMDFK VSRáHF]Q\FK 'RW\F]\ WR ]ZáDV]F]D SRGHMPRZDQLD
GHF\]ML UR]ZL]\ZDQLD SUREOHPyZ XF]HQLD VL L NV]WDáWRZDQLD DVSLUDFML *\FLR
Z\FK:SUDNW\FHPDP\GRF]\QLHQLD]OXG(PLRSRF]XFLX]HZQWU]QHMNRQWUROL
NWyU\FKFKDUDNWHU\]XMHVNáRQQRüGRSRVWU]HJDQLDHIHNWyZZáDVQ\FKG]LDáDMDNR
]DOH*Q\FKRGQLFKVDP\FKLMHGQRVWNDPLPDMF\PLSRF]XFLHNRQWUROL]HZQWU]QHM
L XZD*DM *H HIHNW\ZQRü LFK G]LDáDOQRFL GHWHUPLQRZDQD MHVW F]\QQLNDPL
]HZQWU]Q\PL QLH]DOH*Q\PL RG LFK ZROL L ZLDGRPHM DNW\ZQRFL ' 5LHVPDQ
1*OD]HU5'HQQHM

$XWRUGU.U]\V]WRI.XF\SHUGRNWRUSHGDJRJLNLZ\NáDGRZFD:6+Z6RVQRZFX

background image

.U]\V]WRI .XF\SHU

1DWRPLDVWSRF]XFLHZáDVQHMZDUWRFLRNUHODVLMDNRHIHNWSR]\W\ZQHMRFHQ\

ZáDVQHMRVRE\ZREHFLQQ\FKMHGQRVWHNMDNUyZQLH*ZVWRVXQNXGRZáDVQ\FKFHFK
LUH]XOWDWyZVZRLFKG]LDáD3U]HGVWDZLRQHZOLWHUDWXU]HSU]HGPLRWXZ\QLNLEDGD
ZVND]XM*HWD]PLHQQDRVRERZRFLRZDMHVWQDW\OHLVWRWQDGODSUDZLGáRZHJRIXQN
FMRQRZDQLDVSRáHF]QHJRL*F]áRZLHNDE\]DFKRZDüSRF]XFLHZáDVQHMZDUWRFLMHVW
ZVWDQLH]PLHQLüVZRMHSRVWDZ\VW\OG]LDáDQLD]DFKRZDQLHDQDZHWVZRMHUHODFMH
L]ZL]NL]LQQ\PLOXG(PL($URQVRQ7':LOVRQ50$NHUWV

:NRQWHNFLHRVRERZRFLRZ\FKXZDUXQNRZDSU]HMDZLDQ\FKSU]H]MHGQRVWN

]DFKRZD DJUHV\ZQ\FK QLHFR ZLFHM XZDJL Z\PDJD RPyZLHQLH ZVSRPQLDQHJR
SRZ\*HM SRF]XFLD NRQWUROL NWyUH MDNR LVWRWQD ]PLHQQD RVRERZRFLRZD ZFKRG]L
Z UHODFMH ] LQQ\PL Z\PLDUDPL RVRERZRFL SHáQLF ZD*Q IXQNFM UHJXODF\MQ
3RF]XFLH NRQWUROL ]HZQWU]QHM EG( ZHZQWU]QHM Z\QLND ]JRGQLH ] ]DáR*HQLDPL
NRQFHSFML - % 5RWWHUD VWDQRZLFHM SUyE SRZL]DQLD WHRULL EHKDZLRU\VW\F]Q\FK
L SR]QDZF]\FK ]H VSRVREX SRVWU]HJDQLD QDJUyG L NDU MDNR QDVWSVWZ ZáDVQ\FK
G]LDáD 8PLHMVFRZLHQLH NRQWUROL MHVW WXWDM F]\QQLNLHP SR]ZDODMF\P Z\MDQLDü
Uy*QLFH LQWHUSHUVRQDOQH Z SRVWU]HJDQLX SU]\F]\QRZHJR ]ZL]NX PLG]\ ]DFKR
ZDQLHP MHGQRVWNL D MHJR QDVWSVWZDPL *G\ MHGQRVWND RGELHUD Z\VWSXMFH SR
RNUHORQ\PG]LDáDQLXZ]PRFQLHQLHMDNRF]FLRZ\W\ONRHIHNWVZRMHJRG]LDáDQLD
WUDNWXMHMHMDNRUH]XOWDWV]F]FLD]ELHJXRNROLF]QRFLORVXF]\QDVWSVWZRLQQ\FK
MHV]F]HF]\QQLNyZ]HZQWU]Q\FKQSQDU]XFHQLDSU]H]LQQ\FKOXG]L%LHU]H]DWHP
SRGXZDJQLHPDOZ\áF]QLHG]LDáDQLH]HZQWU]Q\FKVLáF]VWRQDZHWQLHGRNRFD
RNUHORQ\FK ZSá\ZDMF\FK QD NRFRZ\ UH]XOWDW ZáDVQHM DNW\ZQRFL 7DN V\WX
DFMRNUHODVLWDN*HMDNR]HZQWU]VWHURZQRü1DWRPLDVWZSU]\SDGNXMHGQRVWHN
PDMF\FK WHQGHQFM GR RGELHUDQLD Z]PRFQLH MDNR ]DOH*Q\FK RG LFK ZáDVQHJR
G]LDáDQLDOXELFKRNUHORQ\FKZáDFLZRFLPyZLVLRZHZQWU]VWHURZQRFLDZLF
RSRF]XFLXNRQWUROLZHZQWU]QHMSRU.=DMF]NRZVNLV'5LHVPDQ
1*OD]HU5'HQQHM

3DWU]F QD WR ]DJDGQLHQLH ] QLHFR LQQHM SHUVSHNW\Z\ PR*QD ]DXZD*\ü *H

Z SHZQ\FK V\WXDFMDFK X]\VNLZDQH G]LNL MDNLP ]DFKRZDQLRP Z]PRFQLHQLD V
U]HF]\ZLFLH ]DOH*QH RG G]LDáDQLD MHGQRVWNL Z LQQ\FK ]D ]DOH* RG F]\QQLNyZ
]HZQWU]Q\FKQDNWyUHMHGQRVWNDQLHPDZSá\ZX$]DWHPZMHGQ\FKV\WXDFMDFK
VSRáHF]Q\FK PR*H VSUDZRZDü SHáQ NRQWURO QDG Z]PRFQLHQLDPL WXWDM PDP\
GR F]\QLHQLD ] V\WXDFMDPL NRQWURORZDQ\PL ZHZQWU]QLH Z NWyU\FK UH]XOWDW\
G]LDáD]DOH*RGVSUDZQRFLZG*HQLXGRFHOXZLQQ\FKQDWRPLDVWV\WXDFMDFK
MHGQRVWND QLH PD *DGQHJR ZSá\ZX QD X]\VNLZDQH Z]PRFQLHQLD ERZLHP HIHNW\
G]LDáD ]DOH* RG F]\QQLNyZ ]HZQWU]Q\FK ZSá\ZX LQQ\FK OXG]L F]\ WH* Z\GD
U]HORVRZ\FK:REHFWHJRRF]HNLZDQLH]ZL]NXPLG]\ZáDVQ\PG]LDáDQLHPOXE
]DFKRZDQLHP D Z]PRFQLHQLHP ]DOH*QH MHVW RG VWRSQLD Z MDNLP Z]PRFQLHQLD V
ZDUXQNRZDQHLQVWUXPHQWDOQ\PLF]\QQRFLDPLF]áRZLHND3DPLWDüMHGQDNWU]HED
*

HQLHEDJDWHOQH]QDF]HQLHPDVSRVyESRVWU]HJDQLDDFRVL]W\PZL*H±UyZQLH*

RFHQLDQLDV\WXDFMLVSRáHF]Q\FKVWDQRZLF\FKSROHG]LDáDQLD,VWQLHMHZREHFWHJR

background image

2VRERZRSFLRZHXZDUXQNRZDQLD]DFKRZD>DJUHV\ZQ\FK

WUZDá\]ZL]HNSRPLG]\XPLHMVFRZLHQLHPRNUHORQ\FKG]LDáDDVSRVREDPLLFK
UHDOL]DFML&]áRZLHNWUDNWXMF\QDVWSVWZDZáDVQHJRG]LDáDQLDMDNR]DOH*QHEH]SR

UHGQLRRGVSRVREXVZRMHJRSRVWSRZDQLDF]XMHVL]DQLHZWDNLPVDP\PVWRSQLX

RGSRZLHG]LDOQ\ EH] Z]JOGX QD WR F]\ RFHQLD MH MDNR GREUH SR*GDQH ]JRGQH
]RF]HNLZDQLDPLF]\WH*QLH1DWRPLDVWMHGQRVWNLRSRF]XFLXNRQWUROL]HZQWU]QHM
QLHZLHU]*HWRRGQLFKVDP\FKRGLFKVSRVREXSRVWSRZDQLD]DOH*\HIHNWNR
FRZ\V\WXDFMLQLHELRUSRGXZDJ]QDF]HQLDZáDVQ\FKVWDUDLLFKZSá\ZXSRU
.5'UZDOV

:VND]DüPR*QDV]HUHJF]\QQLNyZZSá\ZDMF\FKQDNV]WDáWRZDQLHVLXMHG

QRVWNL NRQWUROL ZHZQWU]QHM :D*Q\ MHVW WXWDM V\VWHP Z\FKRZDQLD VWRVRZDQ\
Z URG]LQLH MDN UyZQLH* LQQ\FK URGRZLVNDFK Z\FKRZDZF]\FK NRQVHNZHQWQ\
V\VWHPQDJUyGLNDU]DVSRNRMHQLHSRWU]HE\EH]SLHF]HVWZDSRVWDZ\URG]LFLHOVNLH
RUD] SU]HMDZLDQLH SU]H] QDXF]\FLHOL SRVWDZ\ DNFHSWXMFHM SRGPLRWRZRü L QLH]D
OH*QRü G]LHFND 1DWRPLDVW VWRVRZDQLH QLHZáDFLZ\FK PHWRG Z\FKRZDZF]\FK
EUDNNRQVHNZHQWQHJRSRVWSRZDQLDZ\FKRZDZF]HJRQDGRSLHNXF]RüRUD]QLH
]DVSRNRMHQLHSRWU]HE\EH]SLHF]HVWZDSURZDG]GRXNV]WDáWRZDQLDSRF]XFLDNRQ
WUROL]HZQWU]QHMSRU.=DMF]NRZVNLV

3RF]XFLHNRQWUROLZRNUHORQHMV\WXDFML]DOH*\]MHGQHMVWURQ\RGSRVWDZLRQHJR

]DGDQLDLRGXG]LHORQHMLQVWUXNFML]GUXJLHMQDWRPLDVWRG]JHQHUDOL]RZDQ\FKRF]H
NLZD NRQWUROL /2& VWDQRZLF\FK LVWRWQ FHFK RVRERZRFL$ ]DWHP Uy*QLFH
PLG]\ ]DFKRZDQLHP RVyE R ]HZQWU]Q\P /2& L RVyE R ZHZQWU]Q\P /2& V
DQDORJLF]QHGRUy*QLFPLG]\]DFKRZDQLHPVLOXG]LZV\WXDFMLORVRZHMLZV\WX
DFML VSUDZQRFLRZHM SRU .5 'UZDO V 3UH]HQWRZDQH Z OLWHUDWXU]H
Z\QLNLEDGDSRU.5'UZDO(3DQNLHZLF]ZVND]XMZ\UD(QLH*H
W\ONRZV\WXDFMLJG\Z\QLNZáDVQHMG]LDáDOQRFLSRVWU]HJDQ\MHVWSU]H]MHGQRVWN
ZSHUVSHNW\ZLHPR*OLZRFLNRQWUROLZHZQWU]QHMZSá\ZDRQQDVWHURZDQLH]DFKR
ZDQLHP 3RF]XFLH ZHZQWU]QHM NRQWUROL ZL*H VL ] NV]WDáWRZDQLHP SU]HNRQDQLD
RZáDVQ\FKPR*OLZRFLDFKZSá\ZDQLDQDELHJZ\GDU]HFRSR]ZDODQDEDUG]LHM
VDPRG]LHOQHDNW\ZQHLF]VWRVNXWHF]QLHMV]HG]LDáDQLDDGRW\F]\]ZáDV]F]DVSUDZ
ZD*Q\FKGODMHGQRVWNL:LNV]DNW\ZQRüLVDPRG]LHOQRüZG]LDáDQLXZ\ND]DQR
XRVyERZHZQWU]Q\P/2&QLHW\ONRZV\WXDFMDFKODERUDWRU\MQ\FKDOHLQDWXUDO
Q\FK7HRVRE\EDUG]LHMDNW\ZQLHSRV]XNXMLQIRUPDFMLSRWU]HEQ\FKGRUR]ZL]DQLD
SUREOHPXVNXWHF]QLHMZ\NRU]\VWXM]GRE\WZF]HQLHMZLHG]GRUR]ZL]\ZDQLD
QRZ\FK]DGDZZLNV]\PVWRSQLXRUJDQL]XMPDWHULDáGRZ\XF]HQLDLZ\NRU]\
VWXMGRGDWNRZHSUyE\]ZLNV]DMFZWHQVSRVyEHIHNW\ZQRüXF]HQLDVLRUD]V
EDUG]LHM VSRVWU]HJDZF]H Z QRZ\FK V\WXDFMDFK 2VRE\ R ZHZQWU]Q\P SRF]XFLX
NRQWUROLZ\ND]XMZLNV]DNW\ZQRüLVDPRG]LHOQRü&HFKXMHMHWDN*HEDUG]LHM
HIHNW\ZQH G]LDáDQLH V GRMU]DOV]H HPRFMRQDOQLH L VSRáHF]QLH Z\ND]XM Z\*V]\
SR]LRP LQWHJUDFML RVRERZRFL RUD] V]HUHJ SU]\PLRWyZ XZD*DQ\FK ]D VSRáHF]QLH
SR*GDQH&KDUDNWHU\VW\F]QHMHVWGODQLFKUyZQLH*WR*HUR]PDLWHSU]HSLV\LDXWR
U\WHW\ ]HZQWU]QH QLH V MX* ZáDFLZLH SRWU]HEQH GR NLHURZDQLD LFK SRVWSRZD

background image

.U]\V]WRI .XF\SHU

QLHPNWyUHPXNLHUXQHNLSRF]XFLHVSUDZVWZDQDGDMZ\PDJDQLDMDNLHMHGQRVWND
VWDZLDVRELHLV]DFXQHNGODZáDVQHMRVRE\6WRLVWRWQHDVSHNW\RVRERZRFL]LQ
WHJURZDQHM NWyUD Z HIHNFLH SR]ZDOD RVLJQü ]DVSRNRMHQLH SRWU]HE\ VDPRUHDOL
]DFMLLVWDQDNFHSWRZDQLDVLHELHWDNLPMDNLPVLMHVW=LQWHJURZDQDQDVWDZLRQDQD
UR]ZyMRVRERZRüSR]ZDODMHGQRVWFHQLHW\ONRSU]\VWRVRZDüVLGRRWRF]HQLDGR
]PLHQLDMF\FKVLZDUXQNyZFRXZD*DVLSRZV]HFKQLH]DMHGQ]SRGVWDZRZ\FK
]GROQRFLF]áRZLHNDDOHNUHXMHWH*SRF]XFLHZáDVQHMZDUWRFLZLDGRPRüVZRLFK
SRWU]HE L SRSGyZ RUD] VNáDQLD GR SRV]XNLZDQLD QRZ\FK IRUP SU]\VWRVRZDQLD
Z\QLNDMF\FK]MHMZLDGRPHJRZ\ERUX]WROHUDQFMLL*\F]OLZRFLZREHFLQQ\FK
$+0DVORZVQ

:V\WXDFMLZ\VWSRZDQLDRVRERZRFL]GH]LQWHJURZDQHMFRF]VWRMHVWHIHNWHP

QLHZáDFLZHJRSU]HELHJXSURFHVXVRFMDOL]DFMLJG\PHFKDQL]P\NRQWUROLQLH]RVWDá\
Z\VWDUF]DMFR ]LQWHJURZDQH ]DFKRZDQLH F]áRZLHND VWDMH VL ODELOQH ]PLHQLD VL
FLJOHQDVNXWHNUR]PDLW\FKQDFLVNyZURGRZLVNRZ\FK-HOL]DFKRZDQLHMHGQRVWNL
ZDUXQNRZDQH PLQ SRWU]HEDPL QDELHUD FHFK GHZLDF\MQ\FK L VWDMH VL VSU]HF]QH
]Z\PDJDQLDPLLRF]HNLZDQLDPLVSRáHF]HVWZDSRMDZLDVLSRWU]HED]DVWRVRZDQLD
]HZQWU]Q\FKPHFKDQL]PyZZSRVWDFLNRGHNVXNDUVDQNFMLF]\LQQ\FKURGNyZ
UHSUHVMLDE\SRZVWU]\PDüWDNMHGQRVWNSU]HGG]LDáDQLHPQDV]NRGZáDVQF]\
VSRáHF]HVWZD

%áG\SRSHáQLRQHZSURFHVLHVRFMDOL]DFMLG]LHFNDZ\QLNDMFHJáyZQLH]QHJD

W\ZQ\FK SRVWDZ URG]LFLHOVNLFK L VWRVRZDQLD QLHZáDFLZ\FK PHWRG Z\FKRZDZ
F]\FKSURZDG]GRRJUDQLF]HQLDF]\ZUF]XQLHPR*OLZLHQLDLQWHJUDFMLLUR]ZRMX
MHJRRVRERZRFL3U]HND]\ZDQLHG]LHFNXIDáV]\Z\FKLQIRUPDFMLRZLHFLHL]ROR
ZDQLH G]LHFND RG NRQWDNWyZ ] U]HF]\ZLVWRFL EUDN PLáRFL L DNFHSWDFML RGU]X
FHQLHSU]HZDJDERG(FyZQHJDW\ZQ\FKZZ\FKRZ\ZDQLX±WRW\ONRQLHNWyUHF]\Q
QLNL]DEXU]DMFHIRUPRZDQLHVLGRMU]DáHMRVRERZRFL(IHNWHPLFKZ\VWSRZDQLD
MHVWQLHMHGQRNURWQLHXNV]WDáWRZDQLHQLHSUDZG]LZHJRREUD]XZáDVQHMRVRE\=HVSyá
Z\REUD*HRVRELHRNUHODQ\MDNRMD(VXELHNW\ZQDF]\WH*VDPRRFHQDUR]ZLMDVLH
RGZF]HVQHJRG]LHFLVWZDSRGZSá\ZHPWUHFLLQIRUPDFMLRGRVyE]QDMEOL*V]HJR
RWRF]HQLD D V]F]HJyOQLH GX*\ ZSá\Z QD LFK NV]WDáW PDM URG]LFH 7R ZáDQLH WH
GRVWDUF]DQHSU]H]URGRZLVNRZ\FKRZDZF]HLQIRUPDFMHZDUXQNXMNV]WDáWRZDQLH
VLVDPRRFHQ\MHGQRVWNLSRU-6]F]HSDVNLVQ2ERNSRF]XFLDNRQ
WUROLWRZáDQLHVDPRRFHQDRGJU\ZDNOXF]RZUROZV\VWHPLHLQIRUPDFMLRVRELH
L UHODFMDFK MD ± ZLDW 6WDQRZL RQD ]QDF]F\ UHJXODWRU SRVWSRZDQLD F]áRZLHND
LZSá\ZDQDNV]WDáWUHODFMLLQWHUSHUVRQDOQ\FKMHGQRVWNLZURGRZLVNXVSRáHF]Q\P
6WUXNWXUD ÄMD´ D ZLF XNáDG SRMFLRZ\ VNXSLRQ\ ZRNyá SRMFLD ZáDVQHJR ÄMD´
]DMPXMH V]F]HJyOQ SR]\FM Z V\VWHPLH SR]QDZF]\P MHGQRVWNL 3RZVWDMH RQD
ZZ\QLNXSRVWSXMFHJRUR]Uy*QLHQLDPLG]\W\PFRGRW\F]\ZáDVQHMRVRE\DW\P
FRGRW\F]\ZLDWD]HZQWU]QHJR3RMFLHZáDVQHJRÄMD´WZRU]\VLVWRSQLRZRMDNR
UH]XOWDWXRJyOQLHQLDLQIRUPDFMLGRW\F]F\FKZáDVQ\FKVWDQyZZHZQWU]Q\FKZáD
VQHJRZ\JOGXFHFK¿]\F]Q\FKXPLHMWQRFL]GROQRFLSUHG\VSR]\FMLLNRPSH

background image

2VRERZRSFLRZHXZDUXQNRZDQLD]DFKRZD>DJUHV\ZQ\FK

WHQFMLZáDVQ\FKSUDJQLHSRWU]HESRVWDZLLQQ\FKZáDFLZRFLSV\FKLF]Q\FKZáD
VQ\FKXSUDZQLHLSU]\ZLOHMyZF]\ZUHV]FLHSR]\FMLVSRáHF]QHMSRU-5H\NRZVNL
DV-5H\NRZVNLEV

)RUPXMFDVLZUDPDFKREUD]XZáDVQHJRÄMD´VDPRRFHQDJG\]RVWDQLHSRG

GDQDDQDOL]LHSRGZ]JOGHPIDNW\F]Q\FKPR*OLZRFLMHGQRVWNLQDELHUDFHFKDGH
NZDWQRFLEG(WH*XOHJDÄ]DZ\*HQLX´DOERQDGPLHUQHPXÄREQL*HQLX´

3R]LRPVDPRRFHQ\PR*QDRNUHOLüSRUyZQXMFVDPRRFHQMHGQRVWNL]RNUH

ORQ\PV\VWHPHPVWDQGDUGyZNWyUHVNáDGDMVLQDÄMD´LGHDOQHDZLF]ELyUFHFK

MDNLHMHGQRVWNDFKFLDáDE\SRVLDGDü-DNRF]\QQLNLNV]WDáWXMFHVDPRRFHQZ\PLHQLD
VL QDMF]FLHM V\WXDFM URG]LQQ HIHNW\ ZáDVQ\FK G]LDáD MHGQRVWNL RUD] RFHQ\
LRSLQLHIRUPXáRZDQHZURGRZLVNXSU]H]RVRE\]QDMEOL*V]HJRRWRF]HQLDF]\SU]H]
QDXF]\FLHOL: LVWRWQ\ VSRVyE QD VDPRRFHQ ZSá\ZDM WDN*H HPRFMH G*HQLH GR
]GRE\FLDDSUREDW\VSRáHF]QHMLRVRELVWHGRZLDGF]HQLD*\FLRZH

:\VRNDVDPRRFHQDNV]WDáWXMHVLSRGZSá\ZHPSR]\W\ZQ\FKRFHQ]HVWURQ\

URGRZLVND]ZáDV]F]DMHOLWDNLFKRFHQGRNRQXMRVRE\]QDF]FHRUD]QDVNXWHN

GRZLDGF]DQLDSR]\W\ZQ\FKZ]PRFQLH1LHMHGQRNURWQLHMHGQDNEáG\VRFMDOL]D
F\MQHMDNQDSU]\NáDGZVSRPQLDQDZF]HQLHMQDGPLHUQDWURVNDLRSLHNXF]RüF]\
LGHDOL]RZDQLHG]LHFNDPR*HGRSURZDG]LüGRSRZVWDQLDIDáV]\ZHJRZ\REUD*HQLD
RZáDVQ\FKPR*OLZRFLDFKLSUHG\VSR]\FMDFK:REHFWHJRVDPRRFHQDQDGPLHUQLH
Z\VRND VND]XMH MHGQRVWN QD QLHXVWDQQH GRZLDGF]DQLH SRUD*HN JG\* SRGHMPR
ZDQLHUyOGRNWyU\FKQLHSRVLDGDSUHG\VSR]\FML¿]\F]Q\FKF]\SV\FKLF]Q\FKSUR
ZDG]LGRQLHSRZRG]HQLDLEUDNXRVLJQLü0HFKDQL]PHPSR]ZDODMF\PQDIXQN
FMRQRZDQLH VSRáHF]QH WDNLFK RVyE MHVW SU]HU]XFDQLH ZLQ\ QD ]ELHJ RNROLF]QRFL
QD URGRZLVNR DOER QD LQQ\FK OXG]L 3URZDG]L WR GR SRGWU]\P\ZDQLD ZáDVQ\FK
Z\REUD*HRVRELHQLHSR]ZDODMFMHGQRF]HQLHQDSU]\MPRZDQLHLQIRUPDFML]RWR
F]HQLDLPRG\¿NDFMSR]LRPXVDPRRFHQ\.UDFRZRZ\VRNDVDPRRFHQDQLHVSU]\MD
]DWHPXWU]\PDQLXNRU]\VWQ\FKUHODFML]RWRF]HQLHP-HGQRVWNLWDNLHMDNZVND]XM
Z\QLNL SU]HSURZDG]RQ\FK EDGD / 1LHEU]\GRZVNL FHFKXMH ]DUR]XPLD
áRüOHNFHZD*F\VWRVXQHNGRLQQ\FKOXG]LRUD]LJQRURZDQLHRSLQLLRWRF]HQLD3RG
GDQLEDGDQLRPXF]QLRZLHGRSDWU\ZDOLVLEUDNXVXNFHVyZZQDXFHZF]\QQLNDFK
]HZQWU]Q\FKDZLF]DZV]HE\áDWRZLQDQDXF]\FLHOLF]DVDPLURG]LFyZLNROHJyZ
QLJG\LFKVDP\FK7DNLHPXQDVWDZLHQLXWRZDU]\V]\áDDJUHVMDFRRF]\ZLFLHU]XWR
ZDáRQDNV]WDáWUHODFMLLQWHUSHUVRQDOQ\FK

1LHZáDFLZ\ SR]LRP VDPRRFHQ\ XWUXGQLD WDN*H LQWHJUDFM RVRERZRFL

ZSU]\SDGNXMHJR]DQL*HQLD2VRE\R]DQL*RQHMVDPRRFHQLHGRZLDGF]DMFHGX*HM
OLF]E\QLHSRZRG]HLSHUPDQHQWQHJREUDNXVXNFHVyZ]DF]\QDMXWUZDODüZVRELH
QLVNLHSRF]XFLHZáDVQHMZDUWRFL3RMDZLDVLXQLFKEUDNZLDU\ZHZáDVQHPR*OL
ZRFL]ZWSLHQLHZVHQV*\FLDRUD]SRF]XFLHDOLHQDFML6WRSQLRZRFRUD]U]DG]LHM
SRGHMPXMG]LDáDQLDDPELWQLHMV]HSRVWU]HJDMFMHMDNR]E\WWUXGQHLXQLNDMFZWHQ
VSRVyE V\WXDFML ]PLHU]DMF\FK GR NRQIURQWDFML LVWQLHMFHJR REUD]X ZáDVQHM RVRE\
]UHDOQ\PLZ\PDJDQLDPLU]HF]\ZLVWRFLLIDNW\F]Q\PLSUHG\VSR]\FMDPLLPR*OL

background image

.U]\V]WRI .XF\SHU

ZRFLDPL ± QLH ]DFKRG]L ZREHF WHJR NRQLHF]QRü FLJáHM PRG\¿NDFML ZáDVQHJR
ÄMD´ 1LVND VDPRRFHQD Z\UD*D VL Z QLH]DGRZROHQLX ] VLHELH F]DVHP SRQL*DQLX
VLHELH MDN UyZQLH* Z WHQGHQFML GR SU]HGVWDZLDQLD ZáDVQHM RVRE\ Z IDáV]\Z\P

ZLHWOH L SU]HVDGQHM SHZQRFL VLHELH $ .R]áRZVND V . =DMF]

NRZVNL V 3U]HSURZDG]RQH Z W\P ]DNUHVLH EDGDQLD + .XODV
ZVND]XM*H]E\WQLVNDVDPRRFHQDZSá\ZDQLHNRU]\VWQLHQDNRQWDNW\LQWHUSHUVR
QDOQHNWyUHZ]QDF]Q\PVWRSQLXQDFHFKRZDQHVNRQÀLNWHP

=DFKRZDQLHMHGQRVWNLZV\WXDFMLWUXGQHM]DOH*\]JRGQLH]NRQFHSFM07\V]

NRZHM 0 7\V]NRZD ]DUyZQR RG RFHQ\ V\WXDFML MDN L SRVWU]HJDQLD ZáD
VQHM RVRE\ Z W\P VZRLFK XPLHMWQRFL ]GROQRFL L SUHG\VSR]\FML :REHF WHJR
SRMDZLHQLHVL]DFKRZDQLDDJUHV\ZQHJRMHJRIRUPDLVLáDMHVWHIHNWHPIXQNFMRQR
ZDQLD VWUXNWXU SR]QDZF]\FK MHGQRVWNL NWyU\FK LVWRWQ\P HOHPHQWHP MHVW ZáDQLH
VDPRRFHQD1HJDW\ZQDRFHQDZáDVQHMRVRE\ZUR]PDLW\FKV\WXDFMDFKVSRáHF]Q\FK
Z]EXG]DSRF]XFLH]DJUR*HQLDLONFRZ\ZRáXMHVSHF\¿F]QHVSRVRE\]DFKRZDQLD
3RMDZLDMFHVLZW\FKV\WXDFMDFKHPRFMHWDNLHMDNJQLHZ]áRüLLU\WDFMDVWDQRZL
GRGDWNRZVLáQDSG]DMFDJUHVM

6DPRRFHQD ZL*H VL FLOH ] LQQ LVWRWQ GOD IXQNFMRQRZDQLD VSRáHF]QHJR

FHFKMDNMHVWVDPRDNFHSWDFMD3U]HMDZLDVLRQDZSRVWDFLSU]HNRQDQLD*HSRVLDGD
VLZáDFLZHFHFK\LUHDOL]XMHZ\PDJDQLDZD*QHLZDUWHZ\VLáNX6DPRDNFHSWDFMD
RGF]XZDQDMDNRSRF]XFLHZáDVQHMZDUWRFLMHVWQDVWSVWZHP]ELH*QRFLÄMD´UHDO
QHJRLÄMD´LGHDOQHJR:L*HVL]QL]DGRZROHQLH]VLHELH]ZáDVQHJR*\FLDGREUH
VDPRSRF]XFLHDGHNZDWQDRFHQDV\WXDFMLLUR]VGQHSRNRQ\ZDQLHSU]HV]NyG1DWR
PLDVWMHGQRVWNLNWyUHQLHDNFHSWXMVLHELHFHFKXMVLSRF]XFLHPQL*V]RFLQLHXI
QRFLZVWRVXQNXGRZáDVQHMRVRE\LV]W\ZQRFLG]LDáDQLD

=DUyZQR VDPRRFHQD MDN L VDPRDNFHSWDFMD XNV]WDáWRZDQH Z QLHZáDFLZ\

VSRVyE]QDF]FRZSá\ZDMQDSURFHVNV]WDáWRZDQLDLXWUZDODQLD]DFKRZDGHZLD
F\MQ\FKMHGQRVWNLGRW\F]\WRWDN*H]DFKRZDDJUHV\ZQ\FK7HGZLH]PLHQQHRVR
ERZRFLRZH Z\]QDF]DM ERZLHP VSRVyE UDG]HQLD VRELH L RGSRUQRü Z WUXGQ\FK
V\WXDFMDFK VWDMF VL W\P VDP\P ZDUXQNLHP ZáDFLZHJR GRVWRVRZDQLD VSRáHF]
QHJR MHGQRVWNL 1LVND VDPRRFHQD L ]ZL]DQ\ ] W\P EUDN VDPRDNFHSWDFML VNáDQLD
QLHMHGQRNURWQLHMHGQRVWNGRSRGHMPRZDQLD]DFKRZDDXWRGHVWUXNF\MQ\FKVDPR
XV]NRG]HQLDVWRVRZDQLHX*\ZHNSUyE\VDPREyMF]HMDNUyZQLH*G]LDáDRFKDUDN
WHU]HDVSRáHF]Q\PVNLHURZDQ\FKQDLQQ\FKOXG]LOXEU]HF]\1LHVWRU]HF]MDVQD
MHG\QHF]\QQLNLZDUXQNXMFHSRZVWDZDQLHLXWUZDODQLH]DFKRZDDJUHV\ZQ\FKDOH
VRQHQDW\OHLVWRWQH*HLFKQLHZáDFLZ\SR]LRP]QDF]QLH]ZLNV]DSUDZGRSRGR
ELHVWZRZ\VWSLHQLDWDNLFK]DFKRZD

7HNZHVWLHE\á\SU]HGPLRWHPZLHOXEDGDQDXNRZ\FKNWyU\FKZ\QLNLZVND

]XMZ\UD(QLHQD]ZL]HNQLHDGHNZDWQHMVDPRRFHQ\]]DEXU]HQLDPLZ]DFKRZDQLX
%8UEDQV2ND]XMHVL*HG]LHFLDJUHV\ZQHRUD]DJUHV\ZQH]WHQ
GHQFMDPL GR Z\FRI\ZDQLD VL PDM QDMEDUG]LHM ]DEXU]RQ VDPRRFHQ 8MDZQLD
VL X QLFK Z\UD(QD VNáRQQRü GR ]GHF\GRZDQHJR SU]HFHQLDQLD VZ\FK ]GROQRFL

background image

2VRERZRSFLRZHXZDUXQNRZDQLD]DFKRZD>DJUHV\ZQ\FK

LNRPSHWHQFMLZZLNV]RFLG]LHG]LQZD*Q\FK]SXQNWXZLG]HQLDZ\PDJDV]NRá\
LRJyOQLHSUHIHURZDQ\FKG*H=DZ\*HQLHVDPRRFHQ\PR*HE\üSU]\W\PZ\QL
NLHP RGF]XZDQHM SRSXODUQRFL EGFHM HIHNWHP SRVLDGDQ\FK SUHG\VSR]\FML
LXPLHMWQRFLV]F]HJyOQLHZG]LHG]LQLHVSRUWX=ELH*QRüSRSXODUQRFLDF]DVHP
WDN*HZ\VRNLHMSR]\FMLZVWUXNWXU]HVSRáHF]QHMJUXS\UyZLHQLF]HML]DZ\*RQHM
VDPRRFHQ\PR*HQLHNLHG\SURZDG]LüGRSRMDZLHQLDVLG\VWDQVXHPRFMRQDOQHJR
ZREHF UyZLHQLNyZ L SRV]XNLZDQLD SDUWQHUyZ SR]D URGRZLVNLHP V]NROQ\P
QDMF]FLHMZJUXSLHSU]\MPXMFHMQRQNRQIRUPLVW\F]Q\V\VWHPZDUWRFLLGHZLD
F\MQHZ]RU\]DFKRZD3RGREQLHMHGQDNIXQNFMRQXMWDN*HMHGQRVWNLDJUHV\ZQH
NWyUH QLH V DNFHSWRZDQH L QLH ]QDMGXM X]QDQLD Z JUXSLH UyZLHQLF]HM NLHUX
MFHM VL RJyOQLH SU]\MW\PL QRUPDPL PRUDOQRSUDZQ\PL : HIHNFLH RQH WDN*H
SRV]XNXMNRQWDNWyZSR]DQDMEOL*V]\PURGRZLVNLHPUyZLHQLF]\P6WDUDMFVL
RGQDOH(üUyZLHQLNyZ]SRGREQ\PLSUREOHPDPLF]VWRVWDMVLF]áRQNDPLSRG
NXOWXUGHZLDF\MQ\FKQDUD*DMFVLQDU\]\NR*\FLDZNUJXSHUPDQHQWQHMSU]H
VWSF]RFL%8UEDQV

.RQWUROD ]DFKRZDQLD MHGQRVWNL QLH PR*H PLHü ]DWHP FKDUDNWHUX Z\áF]QLH

]HZQWU]QHJR,VWRWQHMHVW]LQWHUQDOL]RZDQLHSU]H]MHGQRVWNQRUPVSRáHF]Q\FK]D
FRRGSRZLDGDSURFHVVRFMDOL]DFMLPDMF\RVWDWHF]QLHZ\SRVD*\üMHGQRVWNZ]GRO
QRFLLXPLHMWQRFLSR]ZDODMFHQDZáDFLZHIXQNFMRQRZDQLHZVSRáHF]HVWZLH1D
SU]HELHJSURFHVXVRFMDOL]DFMLZVSRVyERF]\ZLVW\ZSá\ZDMURG]LFHVWRVXMFX]QDQH
SU]H] VLHELH PHWRG\ Z\FKRZDZF]H L SU]HMDZLDMF RNUHORQH SRVWDZ\ : SRF]W
NRZ\PRNUHVLH*\FLDNRQWUROD]DFKRZDQLDPDVLáU]HF]\FKDUDNWHU]HZQWU]Q\±
PDáHG]LHFNRRSDQRZXMHVZRMHSRSG\NRU\JXMHVZRMHSRVWSRZDQLHW\ONRG]LNL
LQWHUZHQFMLURG]LFyZ6WRVXQNRZRV]\ENRXF]\VLMHGQDNRGUy*QLDüSRVWSRZDQLH
DSURERZDQH RG QLHSR*GDQHJR RUD] DQW\F\SRZDü QDJURG\ L NDU\ MDNR QDWXUDOQH
NRQVHNZHQFMH VZRMHJR ]DFKRZDQLD 6NXWHF]QD VRFMDOL]DFMD Z\PDJD ]DWHP VWRS
QLRZHJR ]DVWSRZDQLD Z\PDJD L VDQNFML ]HZQWU]Q\FK SU]H] F]\QQLNL NRQWUROL
ZHZQWU]QHM:SLHUZV]\FKODWDFK*\FLDVDPRNRQWURODG]LHFNDPDQLHZLHOHZVSyO
QHJR]NRQWUROZHZQWU]Q]DOH*\ZJáyZQHMPLHU]HRGDQW\F\SDFML]HZQWU]Q\FK
NDUWRWH*REHFQRüRVRE\GRURVáHMNRQWUROXMFHM]DFKRZDQLHMHVWQLH]EGQDDE\
]DSRELHJDü Z\VWSRZDQLX X G]LHFND DJUHVML -HGQDN RJUDQLF]HQLH PHFKDQL]PyZ
NRQWUROL]DFKRZDQLDZ\áF]QLHGRDQW\F\SDFMLNDU\QLHMHVWZ\VWDUF]DMF\PF]\Q
QLNLHPSRZVWU]\PXMF\PRG]DFKRZDDQW\VSRáHF]Q\FK3RZRGXMHUDF]HMZ\VW
SLHQLH]DFKRZDNRQIRUPLVW\F]Q\FKZSRVWDFLXOHJDQLDNWyUHMHVWHIHNWHP]DFKR
ZDQLDMHGQRVWNLPRW\ZRZDQHMSU]H]G*HQLHGRX]\VNDQLDQDJURG\DOERXQLNQLFLD
NDU\ ($URQVRQ V : PRPHQFLH NLHG\ SU]HVWDMH G]LDáDü ]DJUR*HQLH
NDUOXEQLHMHVWDQW\F\SRZDQDQDJURGDMHGQRVWNDZUDFDGRVZRLFKZF]HQLHMV]\FK
]DFKRZD0DP\WX]DWHPGRF]\QLHQLD]F]\VWR]HZQWU]Q\PW\SHPNRQWUROLJG\*
SRGVWDZ XOHJDQLD MHVW ZáDG]D MDN G\VSRQXMH MDND RVRED OXE JUXSD VSRáHF]QD
RGG]LDáXMFDQDMHGQRVWN$]DWHPVWUDFKSU]HGNDUF]\WH*]DJUR*HQLHQHJDW\Z
Q\PL NRQVHNZHQFMDPL QLH VWDQRZL VNXWHF]QHJR URGND SRZVWU]\PXMFHJR DQW\

background image

.U]\V]WRI .XF\SHU

VSRáHF]QH]DFKRZDQLD'RSLHURZPLDUUR]ZLMDMFHMVLVWRSQLRZRZFLJX*\FLD
]GROQRFL GR SU]HZLG\ZDQLD VNXWNyZ ZáDVQHJR G]LDáDQLD ]DFKRZDQLD MHGQRVWNL
]DF]\QDM SRGOHJDü RGG]LDá\ZDQLX QRZHJR URG]DMX F]\QQLND SRZVWU]\PXMFHJR
MDNLPMHVWNRQWURODZHZQWU]QDRF]\ZLFLH]]DVWU]H*HQLHP*HSURFHVVRFMDOL]DFML
SU]HELHJDEH]]DNáyFH-HVWWRUyZQR]QDF]QH]RVLJQLFLHPNRFRZHMID]\UR]
ZRMXZNRQFHSFMLVRFMDOL]DFMLVWZRU]RQHMSU]H]*+0HDGDNWyU\WRVWDGLXPRNUH

OLá MDNR ZFKRG]HQLH Z URO XRJyOQLRQHJR LQQHJR OXE ZFKRG]HQLH Z URO ZVSyO

QRW\SRVWDZ-HGQRVWNDSRWUD¿ZyZF]DVNLHURZDüVZRLPSRVWSRZDQLHPQLHW\ONR
ZRSDUFLXRZVND]yZNLRVyEEH]SRUHGQLRREHFQ\FKDOH]GRE\ZDSHZQXRJyO
QLRQSHUVSHNW\ZNWyUD]DU]G]DLQWHUDNFMFRPR*QDRNUHOLüMDNRNLHURZDQLHVL
]LQWHUQDOL]RZDQ\PLZDUWRFLDPLSU]HNRQDQLDPLLQRUPDPL1DW\PHWDSLHUR]ZRMX
F]áRZLHNSRWUD¿Z\NRU]\VWDüWSHUVSHNW\ZGRRFHQ\VLHELHMDNRRGUEQHJRSRG
PLRWXLGRGRNRQ\ZDQLDZ\ERUXQDMEDUG]LHMRGSRZLHGQLHJRVSRVREXSRVWSRZDQLD
-+7XUQHUV

3UDZLGáRZRXNV]WDáWRZDQDRVRERZRüMHVWF]\QQLNLHPSRZVWU]\PXMF\PMHG

QRVWNRGSRSHáQLDQLDF]\QyZVSU]HF]Q\FK]SU]\MW\PLVWDQGDUGDPL]DFKRZDQLD
0DWRPLHMVFHQDZHWZyZF]DVJG\SUDZGRSRGRELHVWZRZ\NU\FLDW\FKRGVWSVWZ
MHVWQLHZLHONLH=DFKRZDQLHVSU]HF]QH]SU]\MW\PLQRUPDPLZ\ZRáXMHWH*XW\FK
MHGQRVWHNSRF]XFLHZLQ\LSRGHMPRZDQLHSUyE]DGRüXF]\QLHQLD

2VRERP R ZHZQWU]QHM NRQWUROL L ZHZQWU]Q\P VDPRNLHURZDQLX QLH MHVW

SRWU]HEQ\ QDG]yU ]HZQWU]Q\ SRZVWU]\PXMF\ MH SU]HG SU]HMDZLDQLHP ]DFKRZD
DJUHV\ZQ\FK :HZQWU]QD NRQWUROD SRF]XFLH ZLQ\ ZVW\GX G*HQLH GR *\FLD
]JRGQLH ] ZáDVQ KLHUDUFKL ZDUWRFL Z\]QDF]DM RJyOQH UDP\ G]LDáDQLD L ]DEH]
SLHF]DMSU]HGDNWDPLDJUHVML=GHF\GRZDQLHPQLHM]DFKRZDDJUHV\ZQ\FKSU]H
MDZLDMMHGQRVWNLXNWyU\FKNRQWURODRSLHUDVLQD]LQWHUQDOL]RZDQ\FKZDUWRFLDFK
LQRUPDFKRUD]V]DFXQNXGRZáDVQHMRVRE\8MHGQRVWHNNWyU\FKNRQWURODDJUHVML
PDFKDUDNWHU]HZQWU]Q\LRSLHUDVLW\ONRQDDQW\F\SDFMLNDU\VNXWHF]QHSRZVWU]\
P\ZDQLHRGDJUHVMLMHVWEDUG]RWUXGQHLSUDNW\F]QLHPR*OLZHW\ONRZyZF]DVJG\
REDZDF]\WH*ONSU]HGNDUVZ\VWDUF]DMFRVLOQH

6800$5<

+PFKXKFWCNKUVKEEQPFKVKQPUHQTCIITGUUKXGDCJCYKQT

7KHSUHVHQWHGDUWLFOHHODERUDWHVRQWKHLQÀXHQFHRIFHUWDLQSHUVRQDOIHDWXUHV

RQWKHJHQHUDWLRQRIDJJUHVVLYHEHKDYLRXUVDQGWKHSUREOHPRIWKHLQGLYLGXDO¶VLGHQ
WLW\DQGLW¶VUHODWLRQWRWKHVHQVHRIFRQWURO7KHLPSRUWDQWIDFWRUVZLWKLQSUHVHQWLQJ
WKHDJJUHVVLYHEHKDYLRXUVDUHDOVRVHOIHVWHHPVHOIHYDOXDWLRQDQGVHOIDFFHSWDQFH
RIWKHLQGLYLGXDOSHUVRQ7KHDUWLFOHDOVRUDLVHVWKHTXHVWLRQRIWKHLQÀXHQFHRIGL
VWXUEHGVRFLDOL]DWLRQSURFHVVIRUVKDSLQJDQGSUHVHUYLQJDJJUHVVLYHEHKDYLRXUV

background image

2VRERZRSFLRZHXZDUXQNRZDQLD]DFKRZD>DJUHV\ZQ\FK

%LEOLRJUDÀD

$URQVRQ(

&]áRZLHN±LVWRWDVSRáHF]QD:DUV]DZD

$URQVRQ(:LOVRQ7'$NHUW50

3V\FKRORJLDVSRáHF]QD6HUFHLXP\Vá

3R]QD
%DUWRV]HN$

6SRáHF]QHWZRU]HQLHRVRERZRFL=DU\VVRFMRORJLF]Q\FKWHRULL

RVRERZRFL.DWRZLFH
'UZDO.5

2VRERZRüZ\FKRZDQNyZ]DNáDGyZSRSUDZF]\FK%DGDQLD

QDGIXQNFMDPLSRGNXOWXU\]DNáDGRZHM:DUV]DZD
.R]áRZVND$

-HGQRVWNDDVSRáHF]HVWZR>Z@-3RODNRZVND.XMDZD

UHG6RFMRORJLDRJyOQD:\EUDQHSUREOHP\:DUV]DZD
.XODV+

6DPRRFHQDPáRG]LH*\:DUV]DZD

0DUVKDOO*UHG

6áRZQLNVRFMRORJLLLQDXNVSRáHF]Q\FK:DUV]DZD

0DVORZ$+

0RW\ZDFMDLRVRERZRü:DUV]DZD

1LHEU]\GRZVNL/

2SR]QDZDQLXLRFHQLHVDPHJRVLHELH:DUV]DZD

5LHVPDQ'*OD]HU1'HQQHM5

6DPRWQ\WáXP:DUV]DZD

3DQNLHZLF](

-DL]DFKRZDQLHÄ3V\FKRORJLD:\FKRZDZF]D´

QU
5H\NRZVNL-

2VRERZRüMDNRFHQWUDOQ\V\VWHPUHJXODFMLLLQWHJUDFMLF]\Q

QRFL>Z@77RPDV]HZVNLUHG3V\FKRORJLD:DUV]DZDE
5H\NRZVNL-

=DGDQLDSR]DRVRELVWHMDNRUHJXODWRUF]\QQRFL>Z@-.XF]

-5H\NRZVNLUHG6WXGLDQDGWHRULF]\QQRFLOXG]NLFK:DUV]DZDD
6]F]HSDVNL-

(OHPHQWDUQHSRMFLDVRFMRORJLL:DUV]DZD

7XUQHU-+

6RFMRORJLD±NRQFHSFMHLLFK]DVWRVRZDQLH3R]QD

7\V]NRZD0

=DFKRZDQLHVLG]LHFLV]NROQ\FKZV\WXDFMDFKWUXGQ\FK:DU

V]DZD
8UEDQ%

=DEXU]HQLDZ]DFKRZDQLXLSU]HVWSF]RüPáRG]LH*\.UDNyZ


=DMF]NRZVNL.

3UR¿ODNW\ND]DFKRZDGHZLDF\MQ\FKG]LHFLLPáRG]LH*\

7RUX


Wyszukiwarka

Podobne podstrony:
Osobowościowe uwarunkowania zachowań agresywnych Kucyper
Społeczne i osobowościowe uwarunkowania zachowań agresywnych i zachowań prospołecznych
UWARUNKOWANIA ZACHOWAN AGRESYWNYCH, MGR materiały CAŁOŚĆ, MATERIAŁY, MGR.
Uwarunkowania zachowań agresywnych u dzieci
Osobowościowe i sytuacyjne uwarunkowania zachowań społecznych
Zachowania agresywne dzieci i młodzieży, szkoła, Rady Pedagogiczne, wychowanie, profilaktyka
Kulturowe Uwarunkowania Zachowań Gospodarczych POPRAWIONE
Czynniki?terminujace zachowania agresywne u dzieci uposledzonych umysłowo w stopniu lekkim
5 Psychologia osobowości Genetyka zachowania
335 , pSYCHOLOGICZNE MECHANIZMY ZACHOWANIA AGRESYWNEGO
12 Zachowania agresywne
Wpływ telewizji na zachowania agresywne wśród dzieci i młodzieży
temat 5 Społeczno kulturowe uwarunkowania zachowań w chorobie Rola społeczna chorego i rola pacjent
Jak sobie radzić i postępować z dziećmi, które przejawiają zachowania agresywne
Podstawy socjologii dr Radosław Kryszk, Socjologia - Hasla, antyspołeczność - czynne występowanie pr
Podstawy socjologii dr Radosław Kryszk, Socjologia - Hasla, antyspołeczność - czynne występowanie pr
Uwarunkowania zachowan w chorobie
Uwarunkowania zachowań indywidualnych – najtrudniej poznać samego siebie

więcej podobnych podstron