being time-honoured, gentlemanlike, English, and picturesque. We would fain adhere to it closely
as long as we can, but we know that we do so by the force of our prejudices, and not by that of
our judgement.  Trollope, Framley Parsonage (Penguin Classics ed., Harmondsworth, Middlesex, Eng.,
1986; orig. 1860), 154.
2. Hening, 3:151 53. The 1696 statute sought to provide parsons with the equivalent of an Ł80
sterling annual salary. It arrived at the 16,000 lbs. figure by valuing 100 lbs. of tobacco at 10 shillings.
A proportionate amount (set at 8 percent in 1680) was added to the 16,000 lbs. for   cask   i.e., the
costs and losses incurred in the handling and packing of the tobacco. Hening, 4:204 5, 6:88. The
1748 law specified a 4 percent allowance for shrinkage. Hening, 6:88; Brydon, 2:239.
3. C. G. Chamberlayne, ed., The Vestry Book of Christ Church Parish, Middlesex County, Virginia 1663 1767
(Richmond, Va., 1927), 1 December 1668, 14. Bruton Parish in 1682 voted a 16,000 lb. salary for its
parson, Rowland Jones. William Archer Rutherford Goodwin, The Record of Bruton Parish Church, ed.
Mary Frances Goodwin (Richmond, Va., 1941), 125.
4. C. G., Chamberlayne, ed., The Vestry Book and Register of St. Peter s Parish, New Kent and James City
Counties, Virginia, 1684 1786 (Richmond, Va., 1937), 18 December 1697, 54.
5. As settlement spread westward, the assembly dealt with the predicament of taxpayers who had
little or no access to tobacco by authorizing monetary equivalents. When Frederick and Augusta
Parishes were formed, for example, parishioners were permitted to pay levies and fees at the rate of
three farthings per pound of tobacco. A 1753 enactment authorized Ł100 current money in lieu of
the 16,000 lbs. of tobacco. Hening, 6:369 70. Similar but varied provisions for counties and parishes
elsewhere can be traced in Hening, 6:372, 502, 7:292, 8:16, 267 68, 381 85, 397, 430 31, 610 11; and
Richard Morton, Colonial Virginia, 2 vols. (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1960), 2:804 5. See also CSP, 15:24 25,
461 64; and Brydon, 1:291 92, 310 14, 2:129 32, 239.
6. Carol van Voorst, The Anglican Clergy in Maryland, 1692 1776 (New York and London, 1989), 192
201, 221 54; Nelson Waite Rightmyer, Maryland s Established Church (Baltimore, Md.,1956), 51 53; Jean H.
Vivian,   The Poll Tax Controversy in Maryland, 1770 1776: A Case of Taxation with Representa-
tion,  Maryland Historical Magazine 71 (1976): 151 76; Barbara De Wolfe, ed., Discoveries of America: Personal
Accounts of British Emigrants to North America during the Revolutionary Era (Cambridge,1997),162. A fascinating
document in the Fulham Papers offers a1767 estimate of the relative worth of Maryland livings: two
parishes were valued at less than Ł100; twenty-four at between Ł100 and Ł199; fifteen at between Ł200
and Ł299; two at Ł300 Ł399; and one at more than Ł400.   List of Parishes, 1767,  Fulham Papers,
3:205 6; Lawrence Henry Gipson, The British Empire before the American Revolution: Provincial Characteristics
and Sectional Tendencies in the Era Preceding the American Crisis, 15 vols., 1 3 rev. (New York, 1936 70), 2:71.
In South Carolina, SPG salaries for Anglican clergy in the eighteenth century were supplemented
by funds of the provincial government rather than by parish levy. As the SPG withdrew its sup-
port by mid-century, provincial funds took over full responsibility. This meant no direct taxation
of dissenters in support of Anglican clergy. Charles Bolton, Southern Anglicanism: The Church of England
in Colonial South Carolina, Contributions to the Study of Religion, No. 5 (Westport, Conn., 1982), 26,
33, 98 100.
7.   Oronoco was a bulky, coarse, strong-tasting tobacco with a narrow leaf which was not popu-
lar with English smokers. Sweetscented tobacco was a broad-leafed plant with a mild taste much
in demand in England. The best sweetscented grew on the peninsula between the James and York
rivers.  W. W. Abbot et al., eds., The Papers of George Washington, Colonial Series, 10 vols. (Charlottes-
ville, Va., 1983 95), 7:318n. See also Hugh Jones, The Present State of Virginia from Whence Is Inferred a Short
View of Maryland and North Carolina, ed. Richard L. Morton (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1956), 72 73, 77 78;
Lorena S. Walsh,   Summing the Parts: Implications for Estimating Chesapeake Output and Income
Subregionally,  WMQ 3d ser., 56 (1999): 59 68; Ralph Emmett Fall, ed., The Diary of Robert Rose: A View
of Virginia by a Scottish Colonial Parson,1746 1751 (Verona, Va.,1977), 244n, 288n; Lewis C. Gray, History of
Agriculture in the Southern United States to1860, 2 vols. (New York,1941),1:218; Rhys Isaac, The Transformation
of Virginia, 1740 1790 (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1982; pbk., New York, 1988), 24 30; James Horn, Adapting
to a New World: English Society in the Seventeenth-Century Chesapeake (Chapel Hill, N.C., and London, 1994),
144. In 1724 Hugh Jones estimated that his salary was worth Ł100 sterling in sweetscented tobacco.
.
350 notes to pages 48 49