Bo nauka nie musi być nudna!

ADVENTAGES AND DISADVENTAGES OF OLD AGE

Read the text and do the exercises below (przeczytaj tekst i wykonaj ćwiczenia) Put the words in the right form (wstaw podane słowa w odpowiedniej formie) People have always 1……… of living forever, and although we all know it is DREAM

2……… we still want to live as long as we can. There are advantages POSSIBLE

and disadvantages of a long life.

In the first place, people who live longer can spend more time with their family and friends. Secondly, people who have busy working lives look forward to a long, relaxing 3………, when they can do all the things they RETIRE

have never had time for. If they are rich enough they can travel to lots of places for lower prices and spend more time with their grandchildren than they were able to with their children. It is also very 4……… to live long VALUE

enough to see how your grandchildren and, perhaps, great grandchildren grow up.

On the other hand, there are some serious disadvantages. Firstly, many people become ill and 5……… have to spend time in hospital or become CONSEQUENCE

6……… on their children and friends. They may find it difficult to move DEPENDENT

around the flat or experience memory problems and need help from other people.

Many of them find this dependence 7……… or embarrassing. In addition to ANNOY

this, the older people get, the fewer friends they seem to have because old friends die or become ill and it’s often difficult to make new friends.

To sum up, it seems that living to a very old age is worthwhile for people who stay 8……… enough to remain independent and enjoy life

HEALTH

1

Bo nauka nie musi być nudna!

What parts of speech are the words 1-8? (jakimi częściami mowy są słowa 1-8?) 1.

3.

5.

7.

2.

4.

6.

8.

Match the words with their definitions (połącz słowa z ich definicjami) 1. Juvenile delinquency

4. Irresponsible

7. Nursery

2. Generation gap

5. Toddler

8. Retirement

3. Senile

6. Teenager

9. Pension

a. a period between a baby and a child

b. money you get from the government when you are 65

c. crimes committed by teenagers

d. old and weak

e. the place you go to before you go to primary school

f. the difference of characters between parents and children which causes conflicts g. the time in your professional life when you are 65 and stop working h. not thinking about the consequences of your actions

i. a person between the ages of 13 and 19

IV. REPORTING VERBS

Reporting

verbs

fall

into

five

categories:

1. VERB

+

OBJECT

+

INFINITIVE

eg.:

advise (radzić), beg (błagać), encourage (zachęcać), invite (zapraszać), tell (kazać), order (rozkazać),

persuade

(przekonać),

remind

(przypomnieć),

warn

(ostrzec).

eg.

You should…

You had better…

If I were you I would…

…buy a new car

He advised me to buy a new car

Why don’t you…

Why don’t you come? / Would you like to come?

He invited me to come

Don’t forget to buy some milk

He reminded me to buy some milk

2

Bo nauka nie musi być nudna!

You’d better be careful / Watch out! / Be careful not to fall

He warned me not

to fall

2. VERB + THAT + CLAUSE

say (mówić), claim (twierdzić), admit (przyznać), explain (wyjaśniać), deny (zaprzeczać), promise (obiecywać), insist (nalegać), suggest (sugerować) eg.: He admitted that he had stolen the money

He promised (me) that he would write

Note: the verb suggest can be used in the following ways:

SUGGEST

Let’s go

Why don’t we go?

He suggested going

How about going?

He suggested that we went

What about going?

He suggested (that) we (should) go

Shell we go?

3. VERB + GERUND

admit (przyznać), deny (zaprzeczać), recommend (polecać), suggest (sugerować) eg.: He admitted stealing the money

4. VERB + PREPOSITION + GERUND

accuse of (oskarżać), apologize for (przepraszać), blame for (winić), congratulate sb. on (gratulować), discourage from (zniechęcać), insist on (nalegać). eg.: He blamed her for losing the job

5. VERB + OBJECT

agree (zgadzać się), decide (decydować), offer (oferować), promise (obiecywać), refuse (odmawiać), threaten (straszyć). eg.: Her husband threatened to leave her Match the sentences with correct reporting verbs (połącz zdania z odpowiednimi czasownikami mowy zależnej)

1. I’m sorry I didn’t call

3

Bo nauka nie musi być nudna!

2. If I were you I would go to the doctor

3. Let’s go to the cinema

4. Come here!

5. I will kill you if you don’t give me the money

6. Be careful! There is a hole in the street!

7. I will surely go to the cinema with you

8. Please, help me

9. Shall I clean the house for you?

10. Yes, it was me who broke the window

a. Threaten

b. Promise

c. Apologise

d. Suggest

e. Ask

f. Order

g. Admit

h. Advise

i. Warn

j. Offer

V Rewrite the sentences in reported speech (przepisz zdania w mowie zależnej) 1. ‘Let’s go somewhere on holiday next year’

Mary suggested ...................

2. ‘Don’t swim here! It’s dangerous’

The man warned us .................

3. ‘I would buy him a CD if I were you’

Laura advised .................

4. ‘ Stop talking Mary!’

The teacher ordered.....................

5.‘Could you speak a bit louder?’

The woman asked me ................

6. ‘Well done, Mike! You have passed your driving test!’

Jack congratulated…………………………...

7. ‘I’m really sorry that I broke your glasses, Jane”

Tom apologised…………………………….

8. Don’t touch the dog! It may bite you

Mom warned me …………………………..

4

Bo nauka nie musi być nudna!

9. If you leave me I will kill myself

He threatened ………………………………

10. I will definitely go to the zoo with you next week

Her brother promised ……………………….

KEY

I

1. dreamt

5. consequently

2. impossible

6. dependent

3. retirement

7. annoying

4. valuable/invaluable

(very

8. healthy

valuable)

II

1. verb

3. adjective

5. adverb

7. adjective

2. adjective

4. adjective

6. adjective

8. adjective

III

1.

c

4.

h

7.

e

2.

f

5.

a

8.

g

3.

d

6.

i

9.

b

IV

1.

c

6.

I

2.

h

7.

b

3.

d

8.

e

4.

f

9.

j

5.

a

10.

g

V

1. Mary suggested going somewhere on holiday/(that) we (should) go / that we went 2. The man warned us not to swim there

3. Laura advised me to buy him a CD

4. The teacher ordered Mary to stop talking

5. The woman asked me to speak a bit louder

6. Jack congratulated Mike on passing his driving test

7. Tom apologized to Jane for breaking her glasses

8. Mom warned me not to touch that dog

9. He threatened to kill himself if she left him

10. Her brother promised to go to the zoo with her the following week 5