STUDIUM JĘZYKÓW OBCYCH

UNIWERSYTETU EKONOMICZNEGO

W KRAKOWIE

Projekt: Nadal potrzebni – lepsze kwalifikacje w miejscu pracy JĘZYK ANGIELSKI

SŁOWNICTWO Z OBSZARU: HANDEL – TRADE

Trade is the exchange of goods, services, or both. Trade is also called commerce . A mechanism that allows trade is called a market. The original form of trade was barter, the direct exchange of goods and services. Modern traders instead generally negotiate through a medium of exchange, such as money. As a result, buying can be separated from selling, or earning. The invention of money (and later credit, paper money and non-physical money) greatly simplified and promoted trade.

Trade exists for many reasons. Due to specialisation and division of labour, most people concentrate on a small aspect of production, trading for other products. Trade exists between regions because different regions have a comparative advantage in the production of some tradable commodity, or because different regions' size allows for the benefits of mass production.

As such, trade at market prices between locations benefits both locations.

A fruit stand at a market.

The Supply Chain

In order to retail any product, the product needs to be obtained. This can range from a simple process of purchasing and collecting from a wholesaler to planning and executing the whole process from raw materials through to retailing to the end customer.

Producer – producent

importer – importer

wholesaler – hurtownik

Projekt współfinansowany przez

Unię Europejską w ramach

Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego

EUROPEJSKI FUNDUSZ SPOŁECZNY

Biuro projektu: Małopolska Szkoła Administracji Publicznej Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie ul. Szewska 20/3; 31-009 Kraków; tel.: [phone], faks: 012 422 69 19; www.nadalpotrzebni.msap.pl

shipper – spedytor

retailer – sprzedawca detaliczny

customer – klient

consumer– konsument

Glossary

Trade = commerce – handel

Exchange – wymiana

Goods = commodities – towary

Services – usługi

Market – rynek

Barter – handel wymienny

To earn – zarabiać

To sell – sprzedawać

To buy = to purchase – kupować

Credit – kredyt

Paper Money – papierowy pieniądz

Specialisation – specjalizacja

Labour – praca

Comparative advantage – korzyść komparatywna Mass production – produkcja masowa

Benefits – korzyści

Market prices – ceny rynkowe

To retail – sprzedawać detalicznie

Raw materials – surowce

Supply chain – system dostawy

Stand – stoisko

Exercises

1. Where do you buy the following goods? Match goods and types of shops: Clothes

Supermarket

Food

Chemist’s

Washing powder

Hypermarket

Magazines

Newsagent’s

medicines

Boutique

2. Match Polish and English words:

Nawa sklepowa

shelf

Kasa

Aisle

Wózek

Discount

Półka sklepowa

Trolley

Upust cenowy

Checkout

3. Answer the questions:

• In a shop are you a shop assistant or a customer?

• Which size are you: small, medium or large?

• Do you pay : in cash, by cheque or by credit card?

• Do you give or accept your change?

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