APC 13 08 25 11 1 3d
The simple -ing form refers to the present or futurę, e.g. Swimming is an energetic form of exercise.
The perfect -ing form shows that the action of the -ing form happened before the action of the verb. e.g. He denied having lied to his parents.
We can use the simple -ing form instead of the perfect -ing form with no difference in meaning. e.g. He admitted to having stolen/stealing the car.
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