Ask Me Everything(1

How did trade change the world?

In the 16th century, European sailors crossed the Atlantic Ocean to colonize the Americas and discovered new trade routes to the rich markets of Asia. As trade became global, European nations fought wars to defend their share of it and transported people, food, plants, and livestock to their colonies around the world.

Tell me morę: the slave trade

■    British merchants sailed their ships, loaded with guns, cloth, and other goods, to trading forts in West Africa.

■    There, they exchanged their cargoes for slaves who had been rounded up by African slave traders.

■    Many slaves did not survive the terrible voyage to the Caribbean.

■    On arrival, the slaves were sold to plantation owners and put to work.

■    The ships were then loaded with cargoes of sugar, tobacco, or cotton and returned to their home ports.

■    In 1807, the British Parliament voted to abolish the slave trade.

Four things that enabled European sailors to conąuer the oceans

^ Caravel: A smali, fast w A ship, suitable for long ocean voyages.

Nutmeg wars

-A- Nutmegs are the seeds of an evergreen tree, the Myristica fragrans, which grew on only a few islands in Indonesia.

The Portuguese were the first ^ Europeans to find a sea route to the Spice Islands. They controlled the nutmeg trade for almost 100 years.

NORTH

AMERICA

/\0 Magnetic compass:

w u Introduced in the llOOs, it contained a magnetic needle that pointed north.

When Portuguese power ^ came to an end, the Dutch and British fought a series of wars over the Spice Islands.

PACIFIC

OCEAN

ATLANT O C E A I

/\0 Astrolabe: A

w O navigational device adopted from the Arabs.

f\/i Ship-mounted U4 cannon: This gave European sailors mastery of the seas and Coastal waters and enabled them to set up colonies around the world.

^ Rather than give up the island of W^: Run (the centere of the nutmeg trade) the Dutch gave New Amsterdam (New York) to the English in 1667.

Jugar?

d Europę from

)_S From there,'

_e caribbean and

from Atnca ¹ antations tn the

Śt

SOUTH

AMERICA

co o

$ C

O O

CO O

"o °-

£ < O) c CD P

10

3 <D

tr o o a cl co

10

10

co ~ O- E co u.

10

10

CC) r-05 £ ¹⁵ +-§>0 t CL O co CL C CD TO _C CO

10

N

—    CD

m (0

°o

O

CO

00

O CD CD O

F '^a'

CO

o

a>

-■8 £ a-8

(/) 03 "D

§ o o „

o

O co

9 ^c co co

it O

c ■£> o £

O

(O

05    —    O

£    to    £

r-    CO    5

10

(O

N

UJ Oi

■sź ^c •c CO

o

P °

l of I- O o

co

o

X

u

CC

§ a

s§

co u

"D £

CD 3

> o CO co

E

sag

O ^

LL -C CO . O) CO ID D O ____CO O O

co <- to ■£ c

£ co £ 05

ry) 05 CO SC' C O 05 in V 05 £

CO o

05 m w

TT ®

cd 32 co

O 05

o O _w to co f-O ^

0. ę g

o

CL O 05 O Q.£

r

'-L b: CO

Of | ®

t- 05 -o 0)£ 05 C ~ CO

2 co 72

Wg

05 O

05

05

SZ SZ

O O 3 _E0 c o ^r

O    co

«    9

o — ■o 05 ra

05 CO u. = co £

co o

_ CD '3 CO CD -D 05 £ (0 0 5

< 3 CD

>, tC -C X> O ~ CO o- 3

co

>■ có

CD O

c 05 o

CO £

CD co

O

co c

o £ ^£ = ■*-' ~o co

C 05 0) 05 05 £ P m

81® C o £

c ££ co ^ c

_Q 0? 3

(c) 2011 Dorling Kindersley. Ali Rights Reserved.

Blasts from the past