S5003126

BRITISH MUSEUH OCCASIONAL PAPERS

Publisher:    The British Huseum

Great Russell Street London WC1B 3DG

Production Editor:    Annę Marriott

Distributor:    British Museum Press

46 Bloomsbury Street London WC1B 3QQ

Occasional Paper Mo. 48, 1992:

Pumaces and Smelting Technology in Antiąuity Edited by P.T. Craddock and M.J. Hughes

First published 1985

© The Trustees of the British Museum ISBN 0 86159 048 1 ISSN 0142 4815

Orders should be sent to British Museum Press. Chegues and postał orders should be madę payable to British Museum Press and sent to 46 Bloomsbury Street, London WC1B 3QQ. Access, American Express, Barclaycard and Visa credit cards are accepted.

Printed in the U.K. for H.M.S.O. Dd 8393718. 9/92

CONTENTS

Pag*

Introdnetton

R F Tylecote and J F Merkel	Experinental smelting technio.ues: achievenents and futurę	3
J A Charles	Det*ralnatlve mineralogy and the orlglna of metallurgy	21
J R Ha rac hal (translated by P T Craddock)	Hetboda of ore roasting and the furnaces used	29
W A Oddy and Judlth Swaddling	Ilinatratłona of metalworking furnaces on Greek vases	43
K T M Hegde and H E Ericson	Anclent Indian copper smelting furnaces	59
Suzanne Bernus and Nicole Echard	Metalworking in the Agadez Region (Niger): an ethno-archaeologlcal approach	71
N H Gale, A Papastamataki, Z A Stos-Gale and K Leonia	Copper aoorces and copper metallurgy 1* the Aegean Bronze Age	81
U Zwicker, H Greiner, K-H Hofmann and M Reithinger	Smelting, refinlng and alloylng of copper and copper alloys in crucible-furnaces during prehistorie up to Roman tlne	103
Borislav Jovanovic	Smelting of copper in the Eneolithic Period of the Balkans	117
Beno Rothenberg	Copper smelting furnaces in the Arabah, Israel: the archaeological evidence	123
M Bamberger	The working conditlons of the anclent copper smelting process	151
J S Hodgkinson and C F Tebutt	A fieldwork study of the Romano-Brltish iron industry ln the Ueald of Southern England	159
Elżbieta H Nosek	The Polish smelting ezperiments ln furnaces wlth slag pits	143
R B Clough	The iron industry in the Iron Age and Romano-Britlsh period	179
E Photos, S J Filippakis and C J Salter	Preliminary investigatlons of some metallurgical remains at Knossos. Hellenlstic to thlrd century AD	189