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Anatomy of the Kidney: The Nephron

RENAL PHYSIOLOGY

Cortical nephrons dilute the urine but do not eon-centrale the urine Henle's loop

)uxtamedullary nephrons eon-centrale and dilute the

Pro.yimal tubulc Convoluted segment Straight segment

__ Thin descendingand ascending limbs ot Henle's loop f Distal segments IJ Thick ascending limb of Henle's loop Distal convoluted tubulc rMacula densa 1— Collectingdud

Renal blood flow	1-1.2 L/mm	Number of nerphons	2.5 million
Glomerular filtration	100-125 rnL/min	Cortical	2.1 million
rale	140 180 L/day	Juxtame<lullary	0.4 million
Urine flow ratę	0.5-18 l/day

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Figurę 6.2 Anatomy of the Nephron

Ihe nephrons of the kidney difter somewhat in structure depending on the location ot their glomcrulus. Cortical nephrons havc their glomeruli in the upper or superficial porlion of the cortex. These cortical nephrons have short loops of Henie that extend only into the outer zonę of the medulla. The glomeruli of juxtamedullary nephrons are located at the corticomedullary junction. These nephrons have long loops of Henie that extend deep into the inner zonę ot the medulla. There are many morę cortical ihan juxtamedullary nephrons.

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