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http://www.phys.uni.torun.pl/~duch
Streszczenie
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]DZLHUDW\ONRWHHOHPHQW\NWyUHSRMDZLDMVL ZSDPL FLURERF]HMNeurofizjologiczne kore-
ODW\ZUD*HZLDGRP\FKPRJREHMPRZDüSURFHV\V\QFKURQL]DFMLRVF\ODFMLHz odpowie-
G]LDOQH]DVFDODQLHZUD*Hthe binding problem). Przedstawiono alternatywne teorie rozwi-
]DQLD OXE XQLNQL FLD SUREOHPX VFDODQLD ZUD*H 6]F]HJyOQLH RELHFXMFH PRJ E\ü NRUHODW\
RSDUWH QD SRPLDUDFK ZVSyáF]\QQLNyZ ]áR*RQRFL DNW\ZQRFL QHXURQRZHM ]DSURSRQRZDQH
przez Tonioni i
(GHOPDQD2PyZLRQRWHRULHÄEEOLDNW\ZQRFL´LDGDSWDF\MQHJRUH]RQDQVX
Z\MDQLDMFH ZLHOH DVSHNWyZ ]ZL]DQ\FK ] IHQRPHQRORJL ZUD*H ZLDGRP\FK 3U]HGVWa-
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WRSURFHVNWyUHJRQLHGDVL V\PXORZDü]DSRPRFF\IURZHJRNRPSXWera.
Abstract
Consciousness is connected with attention, working memory and perception. The stream of
consciousness contains only those elements that are present in the working memory. Neuro-
physiological correlates of conscious states are sought in form of synchronization processes
based on 40 Hz oscillations needed to solve the binding problem. Alternative theories to solve
or avoid the binding problem are presented. Correlates based on neural complexity index re-
cently introduced by Tonioni and Edelman are especially promising. Theories of “activity
bubbles” and of adaptive resonance explain many aspects of the conscious’ experience phe-
nomenology. Arguments supporting the idea that consciousness is a process of discrimination
of continuous, non-symbolic representations appearing in small-capacity working memory are
presented. These representations create resonant states with long-term memory traces, a proc-
ess that cannot be captured by digital computer simulations.
6áRZDNOXF]RZHZLDGRPRüXNáDG\G\QDPLF]QH
Keywords: consciousness, dynamical systems, binding,
1 Wprowadzenie
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specjalistycznych pism, takich jak Consciousness and Cognition (Academic Press) oraz Jour-
nal of Consciousness Studies (Imprint Academic
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Temporal Binding, numer specjalny Consciousness and Cognition Vol. 8, No. 2, czerwiec
1999) hipoteza 40
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William James
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stanowi praca Tononi i Edelmana [19]
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dla elementów na-
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Niech X oznacza zbiór elementów neuronowych (np. minikolumn); wybierzmy z niego j-ty
podzbiór X
j
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[19]
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FLRZH ZUD*HQLD SHáQL MGUR VLDWNRZDWH 157 WUyMZDUVWZRZD VLHü KDPXMF\FK QHXURQyZ
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(Continuum Neural Field Theory
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wych. Propozycja ta wymaga eksperymentalnego zbadania, np. przez zrobienie mapy czasów
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Grossberga przez ostatnie 30 lat teoria adaptacyjnego rezonansu (Adaptive Resonance Theory,
$57]QDMGXMHOLF]QLH]DVWRVRZDQLDZ\MDQLDMFQSLOX]MHZ]URNRZHDNXVW\F]QHWZRU]HQLH
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SRPDUDF]\, „wheel is on the wagon” NRáRMHVWQDZR]LH, „heel is on the shoe” (obcas jest
na bucie) lub „meal is on the table”
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10
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specyficznymi uszkodzeniami neuroanatomicznymi, zmianami neuropatologicznymi i wyni-
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delach uproszczonych [10],[13]
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11
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puter Blue Gene
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