9 Odpady i ich spalanie

background image







2'3$'<,,&+63$/$1,(

2GSDG\

:VSyáF]HVQHVSRáHF]H VWZRZ\WZDU]DZLHOHURG]DMyZRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQHV]SL

WDOQHQLHEH]SLHF]QHLUy QHRGSDG\SU]HP\VáRZH:3ROVFHGHILQLFMHRGSDGyZ]DVD

G\SRVW SRZDQLDRUD]RSáDW\]ZL ]DQH]QLPLRNUH ODXVWDZD2RGSDGDFK>@6 WR

VXEVWDQFMH VWDáH OXE FLHNáH ]D RGSDG\ XZD D VL  WDN H RVDG\ FLHNRZH : 3ROVFH

LZ8( RGSDG\SRG]LHORQR na 20 grup, które dalej dzielLVL QDSRGJUXS\LQDURG]D

MH-HVWLPSU]\SRU] GNRZDQ\RNUH ORQ\NRG>@3U]HSLV\Z\NRQDZF]HXVWDZ\Z\

G]LHODM NDWHJRULHLURG]DMHRGSDGyZNWyUHZHGáXJLFKFKDUDNWHUXVNáDGXZáD FLZR

FLLG]LDáDQLDNZDOLILNXMHVL MDNRQLHEH]SLHF]QH>@





 

 !"

$#&%('*)+

,.-0/12 &34( ,(

"5!6

)7" !

8#9*)*

,:-0/

odpadów k

;

)*<,=

,(= >@?

A'BDCFEG)*

,<DH



/

<2



 ,="

2 I



C J

&

K (

,=

=3L"2 3M)18,!"&,

D



N ,= O/ 

(&,

5P*2!

QH G

 

"NQH  !*2!





<R$<O*G

  ,(

G2=



+C(ST,( /";



=&,



"U"

H

O3

,=/

2<+"2 3V  ,



D>R!3JW

F2!( ,=X2 1?D#D%BDC

2GSDG\NRPXQDOQH

2GSDG\ WHJR W\SX SRZVWDM FH Z JRVSRGDUVWZDFK GRPRZ\FK Z RELHNWDFK X \

WHF]QR FLSXEOLF]QHMLREVáXJLOXGQR FLDWDN HZUDNLSRMD]GyZPHFKDQLF]Q\FKLRG

SDGNLXOLF]QH]HZ]JO GXQDLFKZDUWR FLHQHUJHW\F]QHPR QDSRG]LHOLüQD

SDOQHQSSDSLHUWZRU]\ZDV]WXF]QHGUHZQRVNyUDJXPD \ZQR üWNDQLQ\

QLHSDOQHQSV]NáRFHUDPLNDNDPLHQLHEHWRQ\LPHWDOH

6NáDGRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FKEDUG]R]DOH \RGVSRáHF]H VWZDQDSU]\NáDGFHFK 

FKDUDNWHU\VW\F]Q RGSDGyZVSRáHF]H VWZXSU]HP\VáRZLRQ\FKMHVWGX \XG]LDáVNáDG

ników organicznych i papieru (

WDE >@

YQDR!

Z =C

#

[

(

G2 3W =)<(,=

,(= >



,=

Z

"2(,=

\<2 )=

G

&,=

\ 

HO<.?

A'B

]

 PU (

,=

=Z2 3

^

/!C

_`O

H 

<2(U )*(O



,=

_`

HD

O,=

`<2( )*=



,=

_`

HD

O

H 

H

`O

 2=

 

[

 (

5(D )*



-0 





Y"O`

<! ,=

Skóra, guma

Ya 







EZ ,((5 !

&

b

2  =

,=



G

Z& )I,=

""/(D,=

&,=

c

,(,=

9(d

÷

%('

%

÷

9

÷

#9

e

÷

#'

'

÷

#

e

÷

%

'

÷

%

d('

÷

f

'

e

'

÷

9'

%='

÷

e

'

#&%

÷

9'

e

÷

#'

#

÷

d

%

÷

A

'

÷

e

%

÷

#'

'

÷

A

9('

÷

A'

e

d

÷

A'

#'

÷

9'

#

÷

%

#

÷

A

#

÷

%

#

÷

%

'

÷

f

#

÷

d

#

÷

f

d

÷

e

'

9(d

÷

g

'

e

÷

%='



background image

hFiOj\kilnm!m

o&pq

jrk!s

kt m

u



3URFHGXU\ Z\]QDF]DQLD VNáDGX VWDá\FK RGSDGyZ NRPXQDOQ\FK L R]QDF]DQLD LFK

ZDUWR FLRSDáRZHMV Z3ROVFHRNUH ORQHRGSRZLHGQLPLQRUPDPL>@2EV]HUQ 

DQDOL] PRUIRORJLLRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FKZ3ROVFH]DZLHUDSUDFD>@

-H HOLRGSDG\NRPXQDOQHPDM E\üSU]HWZDU]DQHQDOH \Z\Uy QLüZQLFKJUXS 

RGSDGyZZLHONRJDEDU\WRZ\FK VSU] W JRVSRGDUVWZD GRPRZHJR HOHNWURQLND X \W

NRZDZ\NáDG]LQ\LPHEOH6SHF\ILF]Q JUXS RGSDGyZSDOQ\FKV GUHZQLDQHHOH

PHQW\NRQVWUXNF\MQHLPHEOHSRQLHZD ]DZLHUDM RQHIDUE\LODNLHU\RUD] URGNL

NRQVHUZXM FH GUHZQR ,QQ\ FKDUDNWHU\VW\F]Q\ URG]DM RGSDGyZ NRPXQDOQ\FK WR

RVDG\ FLHNRZH 5y QRURGQR ü VNáDGX RGSDGyZ NRPXQDOQ\FK SRND]DQR Z WDEH

OL

YQDR!

Z =C

e

v

,!





 )+&,

 ,(F

,=



H O&= >+ (

",=

!3I2!3J !)<(,!

,= >+w



<=/1?

%=ABUx

[



,=

y

z

b

{

y\

[

X



/(N

^

T2=

3

^

y\

 2(

U2 

 ,=



-8|}

!/

T 2=

 

YTGO&`

<! ,(

Guma i skóra

E`O&`,=

YT ! ,=

,

b

2 "*/"

b

2 " !

G,=



"

9(9(5

'

d(A(5

%

%=9(5

#

%T#5

e

9

f

5

e

e

9(5

9

#

g

5

'

%=5

A

f

5

g

d(5

%

d(5

'

d(5

'

9(5

'

e

5

d

9(9(5

'

g

5

#

#(#5

A

9(d(5

'

e

f

5

#

#

f

5

d

#

e

5

'(5

#

'(5

g

d

#5

9%

'(5

e

%

9(5

#

'(5

#5

#

'5

#&9

9(5

'~

d(5

'

'(5

#

'(5

9

'5

#&9

'(5

%

'(5

e

#

'(5

9

#5

e

'(5

'

f

'(5

9

'(5

# d

'(5

'A

#A

#d

#'

#A

e

d

%=d

A('

#9

e(e

9

e

#'

d

#

e

5

f

#

g

;

%(d

# (5

A

#A(5

e

#d(5

9

(5

9

f

5

A

~ &



,=

&!`

H<

UF<(

D y\W,=

)€H "=WD O"O

`'

÷

%=d

^

C



5R]SDWUXM FRGSDG\NRPXQDOQHMDNRSDOLZDQDOH \]ZUyFLüXZDJ QDLFKQLHNWyUH

LVWRWQHGODSURFHVXVSDODQLD–FHFK\* VWR üQDV\SRZDZLHOXVNáDGQLNyZRGpadów

EDUG]RVL Uy QLQDSU]\NáDGPHWDOH÷NJP



V]NáRNJP



SDSLHU

 NJP



 ZHáQD RNRáR  NJP



 * VWR ü WZRU]\Z V]WXF]Q\FK ]PLHQLD VL  WH 

ZV]HURNLP]DNUHVLH]DOH QLHRGW\SXWZRU]\ZDLSURGXNWX

%DUG]RUy QDMHVWSRURZDWR üVNáDGQLNyZRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FKSDSLHUGUHZ

QRRGSDG\RJURGRZHRGSDGNL \ZQR FLRZHPDM SRURZDWR ü]EOL RQ GRSRURZD

WR FLELRPDV\DQLHNWyUHPDWHULDá\ WZRU]\ZDV]WXF]QHJXPDPHWDOH V QLHSRUR

ZDWH

=HZ]JO GXQDHPLVM GLRNV\QLIXUDQyZ]HVSDODUQLRGSDGyZZD QDMHVW]DZDU

WR ü FKORUX Z RGSDGDFK Z WZRU]\ZDFK V]WXF]Q\FK JXPLH L Z VNyU]H  UyGáHP

PHWDOLFL NLFK &X&G&R&U3EL=Q V SDSLHURGSDGNL \ZQR FLRZHJXPD

i skóra.



'OD HQHUJHW\F]QHJR Z\NRU]\VWDQLD RGSDGyZ ZD QD MHVW LFK ZDUWR ü RSDáRZD

1DMZL NV]  ZDUWR ü RSDáRZ  PDM  WZRU]\ZD V]WXF]QH QD SU]\NáDG SROLSURS\OHQ

0-NJ=DNU\WHULXPSDOQR FLRGSDGyZSU]\MPXMHVL ]Z\NOHJUDQLF LFKDXWRWHU

PLF]QHJRVSDODQLDNWyU XVWDORQRXPRZQLHQD0-NJ>@

background image







2GSDG\V]SLWDOQH PHG\F]QH 

2GSDG\V]SLWDOQHSRFKRG] ]HV]SLWDOLNOLQLNPHG\F]Q\FKLZHWHU\QDU\MQ\FKJD

ELQHWyZ GHQW\VW\F]Q\FK KRVSLFMyZ L LQQ\FK ]DNáDGyZ VáX E\ ]GURZLD 1DMZL NV]\

XG]LDáPDM ZQLFKSDSLHULWZRU]\ZD V]WXF]QHDOHV WH LQVWUXPHQW\PHG\F]QH

EDQGD HNUHZIUDJPHQW\FLDá]ZáRNL]ZLHU] WLOHNDUVWZD WDE /LF]QHGDQH

RPRUIRORJLLRGSDGyZV]SLWDOQ\FKZ3ROVFHPR QD]QDOH üZSUDF\>@'X DUy QR

URGQR ü PRUIRORJLF]QD RGSDGyZ PHG\F]Q\FK SRZRGXMH H Z QLHNWyU\FK NUDMDFK

G]LHOLVL MHQDNDWHJRULHELRU FSRGXZDJ VWRSLH VWZDU]DQHJR]DJUR HQLDGOD UR

GRZLVND:3ROVFHSURSR]\FM SRG]LDáXQDJUXS\RGSDGyZPHG\F]Q\FKSU]HGVWDZLR

QRZSXEOLNDFML>@=DPLHV]F]RQHZWDEHOLGDQHZVND]XM  HHIHNWFLHSOQ\VSD

ODQLDZL NV]R FLRGSDGyZPHG\F]Q\FKPR HE\ü]QDF]Q\

YQ R!

Z =C

9

X

,=



H&`U (

&,=

!=2!3X)+=&,= >+w



<=/1?

d(9BUx

[

(

,=

‚





N

!/}

)+ƒ

X



/(N

^

WDU



NZ"2!



-8|}

!/

„!/)+&,

*



YTGO`

<! ,=

K)1&=5( R!

R! ,



v



!">=

Z2!( >(,=

…a

 !(

 U



[

 (



T



(!

,,=

T 2=

 5/ Z!

,,=

{



Z=

/



3

,=F2(

,(

g

#&'

÷

#

e

'('

g

'

÷

e

9''

g

'

÷

#&'''

g

''

÷

#&''('

d(''

÷

#&9'('

e

g

''

÷

9A(''

9

e

'

÷

f

d'

g

'

÷

#&'''

f

9''

÷

g

#''

#'''

÷

# '

e

'

f

'

÷

'

'

÷

#

'

÷

9('

'

÷

'5

e

A('

÷

'

'

#'

÷

d'

A

÷

9('

'(5

#

g

'

÷

#&'('

#5

÷

g

5

%

e(e

5

f

÷

%(d5

g

#9(5

'

÷

e

f

5

e

d(5

A

÷

9

e

5

A

e

5

#

÷

#&%=5

'

(5

9

÷

#

g

5

g

#9(5

'

÷

e

f

5

'

÷

'(5

#&%

'

÷

%(5

A



…V2!"(<$=

2! ,=

+†,=

 

3U= >02 &(" >0O2=





,= >

ustrojów

D>=OR

otwórczych (bakterii,

2



!35F/"OR!35\G

<=3MZ2!



3x

,)L/(",=

 ,=

&)‡H "

 >KR!&&2!

" ,=ˆ)1/&,!D,=



2 )*

"O  ,=

C

b

2!"nO2!



&

,=2!(O&/3

,= >1

2=362!

,,(+R==N)1/(&,= ,=G‰2!"

H 

,= >

2!OH  ),=

!" >€w

2=

O



!`= >8U  >€

<R0R!

,=

!" >(xC

{



H

,(



H&O:2!DO"

H 12 

D ,(

:2 3

O2=





,= >$

 Šr‹Œ"ŽP‹(!‘ ’

(‘ ’

“:F”D(‘!’

•–O— €?

d9BC"DR(,=

 ,(

+` ",(<DH :

2U+O=

!

)7˜

<



!O ,=

1/





\2 3‡w

n PCT'5

#dnˆ'(5

g

d:-0/}

)+ƒUxZa<

 



 ,=

1

 >0 ,=





H 

C!OH



+DD,=



"

HD

,!" *2O(ˆH&

 G

 ,=

+)+ 

D

D

3+CP ™)*=&,(

.O

(<DH .

,=

H &





HšG›"—Dœ

š*’

(‘!’

“. ‹Œ"š“

D Ž “ "›!‘=ž“Ÿ –O—

O  )*  >( )1

 ,)1

C

.RPXQDOQHRVDG\ FLHNRZH

2VDG\ ] NRPXQDOQ\FK RF]\V]F]DOQL FLHNyZ RVDG\ FLHNRZH  VWDQRZL  MHGHQ

]WUXGQLHMV]\FKSUREOHPyZJRVSRGDUNLRGSDGDPL]SRZRGX]ZL NV]DM FHJRVL VWUX

PLHQLDosadów do zagospodarowania (2,5÷3,5 mln Mg uwodnionych osadów rocznie

background image

hFiOj\kilnm!m

o&pq

jrk!s

kt m

u



Z3ROVFH>@ GX HJRXZRGQLHQLDRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FK SRQDG LLFKQLHNRU]\VW

QHMGOD URGRZLVNDQDWXUDOQHJRFKDUDNWHU\VW\NL

2VDG\ FLHNRZHWRRUJDQLF]QRPLQHUDOQDID]DVWDáDZ\RGU EQLRQD]H FLHNyZNR

PXQDOQ\FK Z SURFHVLH VHG\PHQWDFML >@ 6  RQH PLHV]DQLQ  QLHVLRQ\FK SU]H] ZRG 

VXEVWDQFMLFLHNá\FKLVWDá\FKUy QHJRSRFKRG]HQLD:RVDGDFK FLHNRZ\FKQDMZL FHM

MHVWSURWHLQZ JORZRGDQyZWáXV]F]yZLROHMyZ FLHNL]DZLHUDM QLHEH]SLHF]QHVXE

stancje organiczne i nieorganiczne, a nawet toksyczne oraz chorobotwórcze mikroo

U

JDQL]P\>@:WDEHOLSRUyZQDQRVNáDGHOHPHQWDUQ\RVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FKLZ JOD

NDPLHQQHJR=ZUDFDXZDJ GX \XG]LDáPHWDOLFL NLFKZRVDG]LHLFKXG]LDáPR H

E\üMHV]F]HZL NV]\MH HOL FLHNLNRPXQDOQHLSU]HP\VáRZHE G ]PLHV]DQH

YQDR!

Z =C

%

v

,!



Z

 )*&,

 U,=F

/

F ! )*

 ,,="/! "<4

D,=

Z<! >)@w



<=/1?

%Bx

y

z

{

[

y\

b

!R y\¡z/¢…T,

{



v

£yQ<¤y\¥yQ

[



,=

^

/!C

)1/}

!/&C

).C

/

"

b

D

f

(5

e

9'(5

%(5

f

%(5

A

#5

g

%=5

d

'(5

#5

#

'(5

f

'(5

#

f

5

A

e

A(5

d

e

'

e

#(#

¦

#

e

¦

e

¦

e

#d

d(A

f

9

9

e

d

#'

e

9

g

e

¦

e

9

¦

e

A

e

3U]HWZDU]DQLHRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FK

2VDG\ FLHNRZH PDM  DJUHV\ZQ  SDWRORJLF]Q  RUD] WRNV\F]Q  FKDUDNWHU\VW\N 

L]DZLHUDM W\ONRRGGRVXEVWDQFMLVWDáHM:FHOXXPR OLZLHQLDLFKWUDQVSRUWX

L SU]HWZDU]DQLD RVDG\ SRGGDMH VL  RGZRGQLHQLX VWDELOL]DFML RUD] NRQG\FMRQRZDQLX

HE\Z\HOLPLQRZDüFKRURERWZyUF]HEDNWHULHL]UHGXNRZDüIHWRU

§

Žš*(Ž!‘ ’

‘ ’

“*Œ”D(Ž!¨"š

–"’

“ŸŒšG›=–"©:

+

"

 

 2=G12(O("R=

H)*<H

 PŠ!/

O  ,=

"5P,=

D,=









GT<! ,=

w



DRC( !C

dxOC…r&/

O  ,=

`2!

/,!G&



)‰<!<,=



<+(=5=



GD*&),=



H&;

OR H





N"5!,=

G

"

G2(

,(,=

H !,=O(O

 ,!

H 

C

b

,=

 ,(

+D3‰(R(*D

ª

O3 = >ˆ2(OD >PC

{



H& 

&



HO

( ,=`O<=OD

!!(3

&

 !=D>+)1

H

!",!

< !

H

R

R(,=



<R1«



<=

(

,

C K(O<=O",(

(D



D !"G)+F2!(

NF,(

 )1R!&",,="/G/D ,<=

 

< 





(2 

"

HF =



e

'-8|}

!/G&C

):C

c

,=



H



+)+ 

.O

 R!





"

H (D&31Š=ž“"‹¬.“"‘=•–O— 1 “ "•­

“"‘ Œ"š(5š*(!‘ Œ"š(‘ ’

“TŒP‹¨!ŸP1–"’

“"!­

‘!!C

®\“"‹¬.“"‘=•(–O—D’+ “&"•­

“"‘ Œ"š

w

)+ 

 ,=xGH "*2!(

 )¯2!DR! )°O

 R!





"

H +(3



 !"G( >!5

2!

/

H

 )@,!ZR!

( >(&)+

&,(

H !", 

HDT 

PO<R U

 ,=

H PO/( ,=

&,(

H6/(&

DR!



,

2=





NC

‚

 

2!(«

D)* ,

" H,(+w

 C

e

}

9(yrzZ±ra#D}

9y

bZ²

xU5)+

H

 W2OR!



 ,(

<D



N2 

"

 !"



e

9G-$|}

)*ƒO5,((

H 

D

8&,= O/ 

=&,("/$G =O(O

 ,=

12!8( (  ,(

<0$

D =G<X?

%BC…a),=



H&O",!:8 !

€d('

^

R H





!



\2=(





NF(<)+F U



N2 



" !

.#'(5

d`-8|D}

!/ C

).C(?

9BDC

YQ R=

Z !C

d

Odwadnianie osadów (na podstawie [

d

f

Bx

b

2! "

H 

[

<R 

 ,!

H 

]"

 !=5

^

…r/

O  ,=



-0" >= ,=

 ,=Z,(

 ,=



_,!(

H ,!" ,=



[

<!O ,=



(D

/

 ,((D

,=

,((D

!,(=

H ,= ,*(D

<!,((D

d

'

f

d

Ad

d

background image







³@ ‘ Œš*(‘!’

“ZD3



 !"= >2=

/(F,=F =O(O

 ,=

<š(!‘ !(­

Œ‘ “"´(ŒZW2O(

F>(D 



H 

yF

b

+

z

²b

y\w

b

zGx

²

+

#5

#&A-$|}

!/µ¶

·

D2! ,=



H

/+>=

/

 ,=

"

H

(&<.2( *,(

& ,=

/ ,=

)*3¸ >=OR!

3O&= >nT2=R! 

 ,=

*«U 

;

<!5Q

=r2!,=

"

 ,=

<$

&)2= D 

<8rG(D" !

&)<$2=z7w

#

e

xDCP…r

 

D2,= ,(

ZH "Z

DR!





"

H 1(D<

2O HD/0/

  ,=

"5r

,! 

")+

"aH "U`G

! ,=

ˆRDH





ZD"<J&ˆ),=



H  ,(

:DU





2 

"

H"CT¹=•(!’

­

’

–O—&:•U“‹&¬n’

– ‘ 

, która polega na podgrzaniu osadu kolejno: najpierw do tem

2! O 

<U

9('

÷

f

d

°

yF5T,!

2(,(



2:

!O",()˜

,=

 ,=

<

(

f

d

÷

#& '

°

yF5H "Q)+ 



 ,( / >

,,

C

{





2(

0



"

,=

$,=*H  !

N0D"<=5

$2="<DH $<

,=

&,=

$,=

& (

3U= >VO<R!

 ,!

H G"/ ,=

&,( >!5

{

z

ƒ

 

=

 >)* 



W2!

=(

D =3ª?

d

f

BC

'UHZQRSRX \WNRZH

‚

U<2

2 37 ,= >8 G

 

H



&<



.

&)+ ,

0O ,=

 ,="5H& TŠa"2  !G ,=

"5Q



D

*R(<=;



 ,!"5r

&)*&,

8 !",!

< ! H,="5Q<



:)* R!

:Z

,,="5\ (O



:D



 )*

,=&)" ,=ˆ2!<



!8?

g

BC

_G,=

"&,=

NX/(U2!( O ,(

J

= >‰2 3º,=

!WW !&

1`

  ,=

XO ,!K2!<



!/(

¸T

 +wU9.)*

,ˆ)

ƒ

}

O =x`" 1./"D ,(

 

VHD/ˆ (

" ,=

< CP| /.G !=

 ,=

+ˆ

3† ,! /";

tycznych przez jego spalanie i zgazowanie to jeden z zasadniczych kierunków utylizacji. W tab



 =C

A

2!   ,(

,(



H&\2 DO )+ 

U&,= O/ 

=&,=ZO ,!\2!<



!"/1?

g

BDC

YQ R!

Z =C

A

K







! ,( / 

=&,=ZO , \2!<



!/+?

g

B



HF" ,=

yr

=



,="5

^

2!

3

5

^

X



/(N"5

^

XD



N2!

"5

-8|}

!/

Drewno „natura



ne”

f

(5

A'

'(5

d

e

f

5

9P#

#

g

5

f

SQ

 )+ ,

R(<!"G,=

D

Z/"/

g

#5

A

'(5

%

d(5

#&A

#

g

5

%

 

G =



H 

g

%=5

Ad

'(5

d%

A(5

f

d

e

'(5

#

Drewno rozbiórkowe

;

=,!

U< ! H,=

g

#5

e

%

#5

'9

(5

9'

#

g

5

#

[



 OZ (,=

f

(5

Ad

f

5

%(A

f

5

g

#

f

5

d

EZ ,



O,(

g

#&5

g

f

9(5

#&A

f

5

g

#

g

5

g

[



 OF<



)+ R!



f

(5

9

f

'(5

ff

f

5

A

#

g

5

%



»

&&2!

O,=

`G !"O=

 ,(

OD,!`2!<



!""/2(O"U2 &

 ,=

G)+

QH ,! n

D"N`/

 ,=



&)+



H 

" !=&,(= >: ,=

" =O "

5 ,=

!

H

 )*Q/"

3,(

+R!" ,=

@,(

)7,

 

=&,(= >ˆ<R 

 ,=

H 

 >= )+

&,(= >n2(O,(=D>8ˆ `,!.

 )‡2!2( GH "/:







r" .( >O,(:2(. !OUH

R!



/

&,

CT

{



 )+& >0,!12U (

0 !,= ,=$2!



<K" ,=:2=<



!/$2("&,! ,=/(8

O2=

 ,=

r,!Z&&

 U/U<2(=5`



,(

=G GD



=,

 

(&,(= >*(( 

!3JR!

"

`= >.?

g

B Š

cC

odpady z „naturalnego” drewna, bez syntetycznych dodatków,

c

cC°

,,=F,=

„naturalne” odpady drzewne, nie

 

 

H

FP¼y8=

)2&/,=

tów,

cUc

cC°

,,=F,=

½,= 

<

,(¾`2!"*D,="5 

D

H

F¼GyF5

F,(

FD

 

H

Z

)2(O

gnatów,

c

¼*C°2 O"&`,= 

D

H



)2(O/,! 

 C

background image

hFiOj\kilnm!m

o&pq

jrk!s

kt m

u



…\ 



«



!" ,=

O ,!.2!G

,=



H/"<2:" (



2<!O&

,



" >,=

/



 >1

 U)+

&,(/

2O =O



" ,=

C"YT

!G2 "Z2!

 

HF/"<2G)1

,!`U2 &

NrR!&/O ,=

 

C



2GSDG\QLHEH]SLHF]QH

-HVWZLHOH UyGHáRGSDGyZQLHEH]SLHF]Q\FK ]DNáDG\SU]HP\VáRZHODERUDWRULD

EDGDZF]H V]SLWDOH JRVSRGDUVWZD UROQH URGNL RFKURQ\ UR OLQ  L GRPRZH RUD]

LQQH/LVWDW\FKRGSDGyZMHVWEDUG]RREV]HUQDDGRQDMF] FLHMVSRW\NDQ\FKQLH

EH]SLHF]Q\FK VXEVWDQFML RGSDGRZ\FK QDOH  UR]SXV]F]DOQLNL DJURFKHPLNDOLD

NRQVHUZDQW\ URSRSRFKRGQH V]ODP\ VPRá\ NZDV\ ]ZL ]NL PHWDOL FL NLFK

FKORURZFRSRFKRGQH L ZLHOH LQQ\FK > @ 1D U\VXQNX  SU]HGVWDZLRQR

VWUXNWXU FKHPLF]Q WU]HFKUHSUH]HQWDQWyZQLHEH]SLHF]Q\FKVNáDGQLNyZRGSDGyZ

QDED]LHZ JODLZRGRUX

&

&

&

&

&

&

2+

1

%HQ]HQ

)HQRO

3LU\G\QD

F=&C =C

#C

[



< (

<U* >=&)*

&,=\

"" >

& !3I >= )*

&,=D>

=

2(<H

 = >X,=

 R=&2!

" ,( >*2!(" >

c

,=



H €

 6<

€O3

,=O,=

N€2 3L,(

 R!&2!

" ,= >!5

€

U<=,(W2!("NJ

D>IOD2& ,

 

,(

O 

!¿!&



*`=

2(<DH

42!

 ,=

<1*

,,)*,=

"O !



)*)+ 

 O



 )*

5=,=2U (

& Š!" ,(*,!"=;

,=

O ! )+ !,! U<DH

 )+1D X

 )*

WU 

,=J

& !D)+1O/( ,=

&,)+

2<ŠGR= ,( ,!5G



<(&,

Q (

 ,PCTyr>! O 

 U=

=&,

 >





= >82 3¸,=

 R=&2!

"&,( >*H "\†,(

 >ˆ<!

 Z >=

U<8Q)1 







!

 >1?

%(ABDC&-0

,=F2!(NPH ",!

FR!DG/3

,=`" >

= >*2 31Š



!"

NG



= >.2!34,=

 R=&2=

" ,= >1)+,=

 2=O 

O

U< 

<

5=

,=QH H ,! +2!";





NF,=

,(

=35X (

3( >=

2<DH

5

2 

,= 

N2 3ª,(

 R!&&2!

"&,= >`H "a2=R,!G‰

 >.







&

 >:1(2!G( >.2!";





X2! 

O( >= )+

&,(= >!5

 

/

 >* >!DD (

DU=

 !!O2=

 ,=



R=



,(Z

"/

2(<2!



6?

%(ABDC

y\

 (

+<R!

 ,=

H ,(

 R!&&2!

" ,=

 ŠP



H "5&)<=



H "5 )1 

 

D

$)+(





"5! !



H "5P<



&2(<! 

,=

=

  >= )*





ZU

( ,(FW2U )*



Z«U"

/«



&&,)¸?

9%BDC

2GSDG\]ZLHU] FH

…\ ! *

 ,=

`)

  1)*

,!(;

!O

,= >*

G

&,=

<1

 

TO2= P !,=

"&,=

N`<

(



"

H 

2 3À2!( >= ,=

J

D

&/¸?

d'BDC X

<(/6 (

G4]GSÁ '}

A(A

f

}

Sa

‚

2 "42=( >= ,(





 U

/



 

,!

F D

/"

Š

2!G= !

/" Zw

2!



,!xU5

2!G,=

 !

/`" `w

2!"G2!<R!OH "xDC

3

,=



H $O (

GK]GSª



 

H

€)+ 

 O



<WO /3

,=/0 8w

[

F-0x)1 

 O

 G/"

",

»

[

SVwU  !"5P)+3/(5T/(

!r(&,"5T)*

/

!

5PO



/Gˆ(H 





&xC ]`

(





H 12 3‰2!<R=OH = >

background image







H "*`<= 

 2!""5Á2=

DO)º 

 2=

$

 8D

K2!3M2"< (

KR!&2!

" ,($2!€G"/

 )

>=

/

 ,=

&,()15 

3U)+!

)

  !((

<! Z2!CE`<(/! 

D2<

(



"

H 2!

/F,!

 >2!

 ,=

<.?## BDC

T

 U+* 

 2=3@R=

6G(

R(,=

",(=&>1 (

 >1<

(



DH,(= > C( "\<

(



"

H 2!;

dów zwie

U

 = >:2!

/(,!OOR(,(

 ,=

<ˆ("2 35a<=O ,=

<!5TO

D(





H 

5 2O" ,=

<

"

<!O  ,=

<!5

 >

 ,=

<€)*



&,=

<PC

»





12=$</





",=

Nn

( ,= >8

" >,=

(/

\G

 O ,(

.ˆ2 3



 U

 = >)

&D )*

,=(;

!(

,(( >*(

<!O 35")+

,=PH F



 &=NZ

o paliw z odpadów (



DRPC !C

f

xC

Ya R!

Z =C

f

DD)+ 

U)

& )+

O,((;

=(U

,! >(

<! <+w

/+?O## BUx

TDO )+ 



-

&& !F)*

,!Â-

&& !F !

,!

Y

<!O 

yF5

^

z5

^

b

5

^

{

5

^

y\

5

^

T"2!

3

5

^

X



/(N"5

^

Y

<!O 5

^

WDU



NZ2!

5-$|}

=/

%=9(5

g

d(5

9

#

f

5

'

g

5

'(5

A

e

'(5

d

9(5

%

#(#5

g

e

'(5

'

9

e

5

'

%(5

d

;

f

5

A

'5

9

9

g

5

'

%(5

'

#&%(5

'

#&%(5

'

f(f

5

#

#

e

5

9

d5

d

'(5

'A

¦

'5

'(

'(5

e

#

'(5

9P#

g

5

'

9

g

5

'

3DOLZD]RGSDGyZ

c



,

O

À ,= O/ 

=&,(

H8<

(





H *2 3Ã)+

€2!

,(

N02 

D ,=

€2 3Ã2 



C

LP

O&Z`

G""",(`2!&3V =)<,=&

,( >2!&



GZ,= &



v

_

b

-w

2!&



GG =")<,=&

,(&xU54





DO&;



<UFR!&

Ha<

G

,= &\E„1wUD,(/(CÄ

u

ÅÆq&uTÇu&Èm

Éu&iÊÆ"u"s

xP

<R

»

v

-˜w

,(

 ).CË

ÈDu&ttq&Ì

k=Æ&qÍ0Îs

s

xQ?

e

9BOC

c

,=



H Z !



)+ 

G

  ,=

2!



V2!3V !)<(,!

,= >!5( 

3OO3

,=

D



2(,(

 )ª

" >(,=

&;

,=/(8 !)2!



! ,(

C

{



H

,=



H&O)M 

 2! )φ2( 

G  ,=

<02 3† !)<(,!

,(= >$†2 



ZH "

"



lanie (segregacja) odpadów. Do segregacji odpadów stosuj

$

)* 

(8

&,=ˆ)*" >! ,=

 ,=C

&,=

+



1D

,(

 2!

,(.&

rwU 

(5P  )+

&,(

+\

,,!x`" .<

+

&)*&,

8w





 

"=5T

(3 =

5

2D

!P!

,,(xDC-0 >! ,=

 ,(Z !

!«



D

+w

R

R,=`

<R*2!

 

,(xTO"





H

2 ,!G«

 =

H C-0 

;







 ,=1





 ,=)+/,! 

=&&,=

1w

U=&C =C

e

C

xCPSQ«

D (

`,!

N)+" >! ,=

&,= >ˆ)*&

(ˆ//"

H Q2!";

dów oc

 ,=

`O

,!

g

'

÷

g

^

?

f

BC

Ð

Ñ

ÑÒ

Ó

ÔDÕÖDÕ ×ÔÕDØOÙ

ÒUÖ ÚTÛOÜÔ&Ý

ÜOÞOßOà

áâUã

×DÜOÞ

ä

ÖåOÕ

ä

Ô æDÜDç

ÔßUå

Ñ"è ×Ô

ä

Ôã

Ö

ä

ÚÔé ÜèOã

ÞOßUåÜOÞ

Ñ"è ×Ô

ä

Ôã

Ö

ä

æ

æÜÖOÙ=Þ

Ñ"è ×Ô

ä

ÔOã

Ö

ä

×ÖOÙPç

èã

ä

åOÜOÞ

ÑÒ

Ó

ÔDÕa×OÔ&Ý

ç

Ù!Ô

z odpadów



Rys. 9.2. Schemat instalacji do przetwarzania odpadów komunalnych w paliwo

background image

hFiOj\kilnm!m

o&pq

jrk!s

kt m

u



Dalsza obróbka rozdzielonych odpadów to: rozdrabnianie, suszenie i

/

O  ,=

¿=

+(

 

,=

GR==;

:D

2&1RU !

 

 ,=

:

<R82!



 

 ,=

C ê

<€

 R=







HDF\),=



H O ,=

+/"O



R!



/

 ;

,(= >!5 *2 



@2 &3@(

HD*

D2(,=(5P2=2O 

`





G

T ,= O/ 

=&,= >.<"= (<DH 

2O 

(( ,(

0

/

CZ ë

DR!

+ !C

8 porów

,= ,=XR( ,=0







UŠ,(



przetworzonych odpadów, paliwa

2!3ID Z)

/

/

F ! )*

 ,(,="/!C

YQDR!

Z !C

g

T"O3`,! ,=

F,(

 (

3"= >G







=2!3W

v

_

b

-˜O&

/

w

,!\2=(

 

G?

%ABx

TDO )+ 



/

"  )*

 ,(,(

{



b

~



v

_

b

-

K !=

 ,!Z&

NZ"2 <!5

^

/!C

#&'('

A

f

K !=

 ,!Z ,( /

F`2!<!5

^

#&'('

f

g

[

(

,(

!

5

^

/!C

y

z

b

{

[

y\

A(9(5

g

%=5

'

(5

A

#5

'

'(5

%

e

f

5

d

9(5

f

e

'(5

A

'(5

%(d

'(5

g

9

'(5

d'

9

e

5

e

%=5

9

e

d(5

9

'(5

9

f

'(5

f

'(5

d

g

X



/(N"5

^

2!

3

5

^

y\

 2

U2 

 ,=

5-$|}

=/

#&%=5

#

f

5

'

e

d(5

e

9(5

e

e

9(5

%

#(#5

e

e

#5

e

#d(5

#9(5

e

{



b

~=,=

 2 

",=Z"2  C

T



F"2 3X !)<,!

,(= >1

R=D



H!H ",=O,=F,(

)1 

 

D !H



*w

/





N\

v

_

b

-6HD"

I O

+#A'

÷

%d('G =/}

)

ƒ

x\?

%(ABDCTG/

&)‰O 

<+ >= )+

 ,="/(5" (

,!

!w

 ,!



*

(<, =3

z`}

yJ

b

}

y\x\=DU



P"2 

"

H

&R=



,(GR!

2!



ªwU ,=&xDCEG)+

,(<DH



 = I

)ª2 





Z





<=

ˆF>=&)+



<=

=5

D

/0O& (

$

 )*

 ,€"D>=HO<

˜

 )2! D 

<$9'('

÷

%=''

°

yZCT]"





/

"("3˜DO)+ 

=&,(( >*H&"F,=

 



!

5a



0ˆ<=

D

<$

˜O

<= ,= >!5T† (

3( >$





R(3

,:w

,!2 (

*,=

G)1

 >1ªayr¼xC(



G

2(<.

v

_

b

-3

,=



+R=

)+"O1),=



H&O

;

D





K

!O)M<!



 )L<R!O

 ,!

H )*

,= 

,=

HCa…r:G/

<€,=$

 >K,! ,

O (

,=

N

)1

H

 

,,=

NZD )*D2(

",<2!(&"rU (

" ,=

G?

f

BC

]

D F "

<:‰2!&



 >:

2(<n

v

_

b

-À



ˆ/"

3,(

+(:<!



<8(2P"37/((G!&>8a""

&

G,=

"

5‰ (

3U= >$&QG(O

2(<DH ‰<=/U<2!" ,=

" >$ )*

,=! >$w

{

z

²

x?

%(ABDC

{



HG

,=



H O)+



ó-

 U&)++D

 U 

/<()1K =3C

D3(

&)++&>=

<V2 



"&>I

odpadów komu

,!

,(= >I



U

O

<! ,="5!2(U(O

=

)†Tyr¼¸w

 ,=/!Cì*í îrx5P



+/<()15Q =3D+&12! 2 

  C!]

 r)1&U

r



&>

I

v

_

b

-˜)1

ZR==NZ", "&",=



O",=

WR 

)."D

5F,=  =W

/

<PC

b

R!" ,=

N

"¸O

<! ,= >:Tyr¼6‰2 " >. =)*<,!

,(( >n G

 D

H

 = >ˆ >=

HDOa,!

HO

,=



H ;

O)

3

 )M&)*



H 

 ,€Z«

< ,=3†2!(&+U2 &

 ,=

Cyr¼†,!"



(ˆ, 

HD



O"!&>KF2!*O&>(,=



O

(D* ,(!&>K

"*5F(

&

"/(0

<!,!K

&>€<(,!

=,

N.Ï"2 (" >PCT-0

,!H ,!D K,!" ,=

:&O< ="N

&)+



H



 ,0«

<D ,(352!(

H



wydzielone ze strumienia odpadów tworzywa sztuczne

•“"‹¬.Œ­

’

’

“

V

 )G2!DD

<U"99'

÷

9d'

°

y8I"R!D,(

&=R(



<)



3*C"TyQ¼X<(

/

H

V

(D>D

<, !D>+



< !

H

5<&

,(



H



D>(

""3"5`ˆ2("U

D



Nn =" !"ˆ"



HD$ïð

Æiñ

ï

ktk





< 

<

R=



<)*



< C\ ò &<(



&

$DGU



N

D>(

"

<W,="

H



< 

<U")*&



H `" ="



0,2%, w porównaniu do 1,5÷

9

^

yr=I"2!&"( >

G"UD>

O&

<=D&,(D>1w



DRPC =C

e

xC!U& 

& )KHDU 

"D>,=

/

2U"D

"D,(

Tya¼XV2!&



GG,(R! "

2O&U<

D

)*



"

*<

(&

 )†2!D <.

/

G/=C(]&

,

+O

‰,



HD>(

"O5TG2="U

D



NG2=1)*

D,(

<:*)+

D

 )†

/

")



HDU

DR=



,(5"&R=



",`



&



&

D)*=

/

 ,(DO/D

( &,(D>=52"< 

5"&D,Fó

kÈ

ð

ñ(Ì

u&Èô

?

dABDC

background image







…rG/

<n,!*<

D



N+"2 D



5,=" &,

2"< 

H

wUO <, !:%(%('

÷

g

%='1

=&C!-0/}

O =xZQ(;

2!

,=



<



!" ,=

F2(D)=

/*«

U)

(2 



4"2 = >*,=







&=N)

& =()+

,!(;

;

!O

,=+T

<!&+2 "*12!3‰

 U

 = >$w



 RPCP =C

f

xC

{

U=<, <8 =C

912(

D

,=nD >= )+ 

przetwarzania odpadów zwierz

D= >W)

& !((

<=O Z2 C

F=&C =C

9!C

[

chemat instalacji do przetwarzania odpadów komunalnych w paliwo [1

#DB

…a,="&,G2=

&,!

H  P

F

  ,=

F2!



W"2 3V



,=



HDFW !")*<,=

,(= >*(D( >



 != >=5

G/

"<+,!

 >* !

"U=&,=

N`<

*G

  ,.

U<)*



wU'(5

d-0/).C

&C

}

O =xC…82!"<1

 >1<



H DO;





GGIw

 CZA(d

^

x.G)+&





Hˆ2=(

"&2D ,=J

" >,=

(/(

82 

D ,(

€(3

&

 != >

I2 







C! 

 )KH "P

" >,=

/

G

D ,=

Z2!



,!&

Z

»

[

,!ZR= 

(<



D !G";

/.wd('

^

xFP)<

<1

/

/(.wd'

^

xDC(-$< T

/

"G`H "r2 &)†2O<1GR=/(" ,=

G

/

G !D)+

&,=;

,=/(1@ !2 &

,=

" >ˆw

( ,=

*

HD/."R(.‰T

D,!+d('1)+

,ˆ-0/xG?

dABDC

[



,=

!

 )†

 )†R=



 2(,=+2 &

,="52O< (a !

&n

)* ,!+ª2!(

a/"O ,<=

" ,=

H"C= 

DR!

Q !C

+2="3,! ,=+

;





(2=



Z2 "/G

»

[

D&F

/

FR<,= 

,=/G(  )*

 ,(,(/(1?

%

g

BC

Ya R!

` =C

"O3,! ,(

F





G

2!



Z"2 G/(G

»

[



/

 wU

 ,"R=(&(xr?

%

g

B

TDO )+ 







G

»

[

/

(R<,= 

,õ

/

(  )*

 ,(,

WD



NZ2!

5-$|}

=/

#&%=5

g

'

g

5

d

÷

#&A(5

A

#A(5

f

÷

9%

X



/(N"5

^

#'(5

e

#&d

÷

A'

#5

d

÷

e

'

yr

=



,="5

^

9(9(5

d('

f

÷

A'

e

5

d

÷

%=d

T2=

3

5

^

e

(5

#d

#&'

÷

9d

9

÷

%='

[



 

5

^

'(5

A%

'(5

f

÷

f

'(5

d

÷

A

yQ>=

5

^

'(5

'A

'(5

'

e

÷

'5

%

 U (

&36

,,(( >+

" >,=

/



U) ,=

`2 



62 36)+

,!Z2!"N`



H 5=

,

D"D,=



2"R!

 )1 



,=

H 

HD*‰)1 

 



 >$  !



&,=

HG !,!«

D ,=

H T2C ½T&



:

dpadów” organizowanej

2O 2«C|"C

IC X ,=OOFFU2!3

2D",=

! )+

C

background image

hFiOj\kilnm!m

o&pq

jrk!s

kt m

u



6SDODQLHRGSDGyZ

6SDODQLHQDOH \GRPHWRGWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLD odpadów, które rozumie

VL MDNRSURFHVUR]NáDGXRUJDQLF]Q\FKVNáDGQLNyZRGSDGyZ]DFKRG] F\ZWHPSHUDWX

U]HSRZ\ HM°&>@0R QDZ\Uy QLüWU]\ZD QLHMV]HJUXS\W\FKPHWRGZNWó-

U\FKSRGVWDZRZ URO SHáQL SURFHV\

VSDODQLD

SLUROL]\

]JD]RZDQLD

0HWRG\ Z\NRU]\VWXM FH SURFHV\ VSDODQLD Z SRUyZQDQLX GR GZyFK SR]RVWDá\FK

JUXSPHWRGPDM LVWRWQH]DOHW\

PQLHMV]\NRV]WSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDRGSDGyZ

PR OLZR üSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDZL NV]HJRVWUXPLHQLDRGSDGyZ

PR OLZR üRG]\VNXFLHSáDVSDODQ\FKRSDGyZ

Spalanie odpadów nie jest jednak pozbawione wad, przede wszystkim charakter

\

]XMH VL  HPLVM  ]DQLHF]\V]F]H  W\SRZ\FK GOD VSDODQLD SDOLZ NRSDOQ\FK &2

ö

 &2

12

÷

62

ö

LS\á\ DSRQDGWRHPLVM ]QDF]QLHJUR QLHMV]\FK]DQLHF]\V]F]H MDNPHWD

OHFL NLH::$3&''V3&')V GLRNV\Q\LIXUDQ\ L3&%V FKORURZDQHELIHQ\

OH 3URFHVVSDODQLDRGSDGyZQLHMHVWáDWZRNRQWURORZDüSRQLHZD RGSDG\]Z\NOH

V WUXGQ\PSDOLZHP0LPRW\FKZDGVSDODQLHMHVWSRGVWDZRZ PHWRG WHUPLF]QHJR

SU]HNV]WDáFDQLDRGSDGyZQDWRPLDVWSLUROL]DL]JD]RZDQLHV VWRVRZDQHZEDUG]R

UR]EXGRZDQ\FKV\VWHPDFKWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDRGSDGyZ:ZLHOXQRZR

F]HVQ\FKWHFKQRORJLDFKSLUROL]DLVSDODQLHZ\VW SXM ZQDVW SXM F\FKSRVRELHHWD

SDFK>@

0HWRG\ WHUPLF]QHJR SU]HNV]WDáFDQLD RGSDGyZ QLHEH]SLHF]Q\FK PDM  ZáDVQ 

VSHF\ILN SRQLHZD LFKQDMZD QLHMV]\PFHOHPMHVW]PQLHMV]HQLHREM WR FLLXQLH

V]NRGOLZLDQLH GHWRNV\ILNDFMD QDWRPLDVWHIHNWHQHUJHW\F]Q\PD]QDF]HQLHGUXJR

U] GQH 1DMF] FLHM VWRVRZDQ\PL PHWRGDPL WHUPLF]QHJR SU]HNV]WDáFDQLD QLHEH]

SLHF]Q\FKRGSDGyZV LQF\QHUDFMD VSRSLHODQLH SLUROL]DZLWU\ILNDFMDLVSDODQLH

SáRPLHQLRZH 'R XQLHV]NRGOLZLDQLD QLHNWyU\FKW\SyZ RGSDGyZVWRVXMHVL GHWR

QDFM =HZ]JO GXQDZ\VRN WHPSHUDWXU HIHNW\ZQHMHVW]DVWRVRZDQLHSOD]P\GR

unieszkodliwienia wielu typów odpadów niebe

]SLHF]Q\FK

0HFKDQL]P\VSDODQLDRGSDGyZ

0HFKDQL]P\VSDODQLDZLHOXRGSDGyZVWDá\FKNWyUHVWDQRZL JáyZQ\VNáDGQLNZ\

WZDU]DQ\FKZNUDMXRGSDGyZV SRGREQHGRPHFKDQL]PyZVSDODQLDPáRG\FKZ JOL

LELRPDV\:XSURV]F]HQLXZ\Uy QLDVL WU]\HWDS\VSDODQLDRGSDGyZ

'RVWDUF]RQHGRSDOHQLVNDRGSDG\VXV] VL LQDJU]HZDM GRWHPSHUDWXU\UR]NáD

GXWHUPLF]QHJR

background image







3RGF]DV WHUPLF]QHJR UR]NáDGX QDVW SXMH Z\G]LHODQLH VL  ORWQ\FK SURGXNWyZ

DVWDáDSR]RVWDáR üPDIRUP ERJDWHJRZZ JLHONRNVX:NRQZHQFMRQDOQ\FKV\VWH

PDFKVSDODQLDZNWyU\FKXG]LDáWOHQXMHVWZQDGPLDU]HZW\PHWDSLHQDVW SXMHWDN H

VSDODQLHORWQ\FKSURGXNWyZUR]NáDGXWHUPLF]QHJR

:WU]HFLPHWDSLHVSDODQDMHVWSR]RVWDáR üNRNVRZDSURFHVWHQPD]Z\NOHG\IX

]\MQ\FKDUDNWHU–V]\ENR üXWOHQLDQLD]DOH \RGGRVW SXWOHQXGRSRURZDWHJRZQ WU]D

F] VWHN

1DMZL NV]\XG]LDáZSDOQ\FKF] FLDFKRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FKRUD]V]SLWDOQ\FKPD

M PDWHULDá\FHOXOR]RZH ÷ LQQHSDOQHVNáDGQLNLWRWZRU]\ZDV]WXF]QHRUD]JX

PDLVNyUD S :\PLHQLRQHPDWHULDá\XOHJDM Já ERNLHPXUR]NáDGRZLWHUPLF]QHPX

÷ ]Z\G]LHOHQLHPF] FLORWQ\FKNWyUHVWDQRZL RSU]HELHJXSURFHVXVSDODQLD

6SDODQLHRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FK
6SDODQLHORWQ\FKSURGXNWyZWHUPLF]QHJRUR]NáDGX

6]\ENR üUR]NáDGXWHUPLF]QHJRRGSDGyZVWDá\FKSRGF]DVLFKVSDODQLDMHVWNRQWUR

ORZDQDSU]H]VWUXPLH FLHSáDSU]HMPRZDQ\RGSáRPLHQLDLQDJU]DQ\FKVWUHISDOHQLVND

&HFK FKDUDNWHU\VW\F]Q ZLHOXVNáDGQLNyZRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FKMHVWLFKQLHZLHOND

JUXER ü SDSLHUWHNVW\OLDOL FLHJXPDLLQQH FRSRZRGXMH HQDJU]HZDM VL V]\E

NR SUDNW\F]QLH EH] Z\VW SRZDQLD JUDGLHQWyZ WHPSHUDWXU\ ,VWRWQ  SU]HV]NRG  GOD

szybkiego przebiegu pirolizy odpadów komunalnych jest jednak ich zawilg

RFHQLHRUD]

REHFQR üPHWDOLLLQQ\FKLQHUWQ\FKFLDá NDPLHQLHJUX]LLQQH NWyUH−DNXPXOXM F

FLHSáR−REQL DM WHPSHUDWXU SLUROL]\LPRJ ]QDF]QLHM VSRZROQLü

2ND]XMHVL  HREHFQR üPHWDOLZRGSDGDFKPR HPRG\ILNRZDüSURFHVSLUROL]\

WDNLFKPDWHULDáyZMDNSDSLHULSROLHW\OHQ6WZLHUG]RQRPLDQRZLFLH HZREHFQR FL

JOLQXZ\PLHQLRQHVNáDGQLNLRGSDGyZZ\G]LHODá\PQLHMORWQ\FKSURGXNWyZDSR]RVWD

áR üNRNVRZDE\áDZL NV]D>@:Sá\ZREHFQR FLJOLQXQDVNáDGNRNVX]WHUPLF]QH

JRUR]NáDGXSDSLHUXLSROLHW\OHQXLOXVWUXM IRUPXá\

NRNV &

øDù

ú

+



ù

ú



2

úDù

Dû



NRNV

üPý

 &

øDù

Oþ

+

ÿ

ù

ÿ

2

úDù

þ



LQGHNV$OR]QDF]DREHFQR üJOLQXZRGSDG]LHSRGF]DVVSDODQLD>@

6SDODQH ]RGSDGDPLWZRU]\ZDV]WXF]QHLSROLPHU\PDM WDN HWURFK  ]PLHQLRQ\

PHFKDQL]PUR]NáDGXWHUPLF]QHJR0DWHULDá\WHLQG\ZLGXDOQLHUR]NáDGDM  VL QLHPDO

w 100% do lotnych produktów, ale podczas spalania z odpadami 10

÷

LFKPDV\

WZRU]\SR]RVWDáR üNRNVRZ >@
6SDODQLHSR]RVWDáR FLNRNVRZHM

6SDODQLHSR]RVWDáR FLNRNVRZHMSRWHUPLF]Q\PUR]NáDG]LHRGSDGyZMHVWSURFHVHP

SRGREQ\P GR SURFHVX VSDODQLD SR]RVWDáR FL NRNVRZHM ] ELRPDV\ .RNV ] SLUROL]\

odpadów jest rea

NW\ZQ\DV]\ENR üMHJRXWOHQLDQLDMHVWNRQWURORZDQDSU]H]G\IX]M 

WOHQXGRZQ WU]DSRURZDW\FKF] VWHN

background image

hFiOj\kilnm!m

o&pq

jrk!s

kt m

u



{

+R !

NG<



 ,=

 ,=

G)+(/

)*

"N`2(

¸<R 

 ,=

H ,(

O/( ,=

&&,(@)1 

 

&

`H



)7(2 ;

35,!Z2 

*

,>=

R=



U*"),=



H 

H

Z2! 

,=

N" ,=Z,!2!

 ,=



<R+

<!OV2 D2!

DZ !")2(<

 ;

G).C

[





 O,!5

$,=

 

3O8/( 

<, !

<!O<X),(



H&O

H

2

 =

N$<



 ,(

 ,=

ˆ2=

D



` ! ="

H

2 D2!

DU<.?

%=ABC

¹!(¬:Œ!œ

Œ‘1ŒŽ  (Ž ¨"š4ŸŒ¬!‘ ­

‘=›=–"©

…a,="&

 :<(

 Q)+ 

 



3†

<(

G( >n¸"2 (" >: !)<(,!

,(= >!5 (

3* >!DO 

 U<DH



<

"D (

,!



5\ ˆ,= ,=n

 >€ 



/( ,(

ˆO

D

H







,(n/

 ,(

.2!

DOˆ (



 0

= >

odpadów. Mechanizm samozapalenia odpad

3@ ,!+D

1



D,=

"5!2 >=

/.

DU ,=

"5! (

3"

2O(

2=

F



 ,<+



H Z

ñ=Ì

ï

kÈ Ì

l ô

O2=

 ,=

 ).C

6SDODQLHRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FK

'X D]DZDUWR üZRG\ ÷ VXEVWDQFMLPLQHUDOQHM ZVXFKHMPDVLH F] 

FLORWQ\FK ZVXEVWDQFMLSDOQHM RUD]QLHZLHONLXG]LDáSLHUZLDVWNDZ JOD  

F]\QL RVDG\ FLHNRZHSDOLZHPEDUG]RUy Q\PRGZ JOD1DMZD QLHMV]HHWDS\VSDOD

QLDRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FKWRVXV]HQLHZ\G]LHODQLHLVSDODQLHF] FLORWQ\FKRUD]VSDOD

QLHSR]RVWDáR FLNRNVRZHMR]DZDUWR FLRNRáRVXEVWDQFMLPLQHUDOQHM

¹!”“"‘!’

“`Œ” Ž ¨"š

–’

“ŸŒšG›=–"©

 U )+

 ,1«



=&,=Z >=

&2=(&F<! ,=

D3



 !`= >*2=<DH

5

&O3

,(



,(;

O

2(<DH

n

 ,€(D31ŠT)+ (UKw

f

'

÷

g

'

^

(x5\

"U

 

€wUA('

÷

Ad

^

x/ ,<=

" ,(Kw

e

'

÷

e

d

^

x1w

=&CF =C

%xC

[

2 

 ,=

$(D3

&

 !`= >J

 ,(

ˆ)+ )ÃG)1"/($

   ,(

$(D

!G"/

2 



"52!",=

 

«U T

 2!

,.2!

 ,=

`  )= >1(D3I,=

``=

DD *

 >+`=<!O ,=

?

d

f

BC(YP

<=,()

 

 2! )†<! ,=

aH 2U

H



.

O

 



HZ+/ ,<=

" ,=

H2!(U

D<!5!

 

/*2«

D<DHD

U2 

;

,=

.(D3††2=

" >$2!3

!(&>0r‡



<€«



<=



,)+5T† (

3U= >$)+

,!:U2 &

N.($: DU





G,!  PA('

÷

Ad

^

C



F(C =C

% C&(

NZD3



 !"= >2=((&"r<=O ,=





2GJD]RZDQLHLVSDODQLHF] FLORWQ\FK

5R]NáDGWHUPLF]Q\RVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FK]DFKRG]LZ]QDF]QLHQL V]HMWHPSHUDWXU]H

QL ZSU]\SDGNXZ JOL3U]\SXV]F]DVL  HF] FLRZRSU]HELHJDUyZQROHJOH]SURFH

VHPVXV]HQLD]DF]\QDVL ERZLHPMX ZWHPSHUDWXU]H°&QLHPDZL FUR]JUDQL

F]HQLDID]VXV]HQLDLSLUROL]\MDNGODZ JOL>@

:F]DVLHUR]NáDGXWHUPLF]QHJRRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FKRWU]\PXMHVL VXEVWDQFMHJD

]RZHFLHNáH ROHM LNRNVDZL FSRGREQLHMDNZSU]\SDGNXUR]NáDGXLQQ\FKVXEVWDQ

background image







FMLRUJDQLF]Q\FK=H]ZL NV]HQLHPWHPSHUDWXU\UR]NáDGX]ZL NV]DVL XG]LDáVXEVWDQ

FMLJD]RZ\FKDPDOHMHXG]LDáVXEVWDQFMLFLHNá\FKLNRNVX WDE :SURGXNWDFK

JD]RZ\FKMHVWGX R&2NWyUHJRXG]LDáVWDMHVL GRPLQXM F\ZZ\ V]HMWHPSHUDWXU]H

UR]NáDGXRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FK WDE >@

YQDR!

Z =C

#'

…a)+

 ,=F2O< (

3W2=





GO

2(,=

\G=<!O,=/(D<

&

 !/w

,=F2!OUC?

d

f

Bx

Ya )2! D 

<"5

°

y

d(''

A(''

f

''

g

'('

('('

yr

!



,="5

^

b





H&5

^

_G" D5

^

9('

d

e

#A

e

d

%=

e

%

#

%(%

9('

#&%

%

e

%='

#'

%='

[

"R !

N+(



 ,=

: 

\



,(= >8ˆ 



D €(<$R DOn



8(n<=



<8G=5T,!+2 



(/(&" ,=

F)1 = >+&



 1D"<+

O,=

 *%

÷

e

'G))6

` !"

n#&'('

÷

9('' 5,! 

)*

"/(& ,=



U

2,(

1(U<=",(/8D&"<€n

( >$O")*

DO&D>€ 

U

D 0

H)<HD1

(

=8d'8.?#

f

BOCayQ&*/ ""D,(



τ





 



D O&"<=5 

3"U&



Z2"&\GO&(U

(

)6`

D>)+

D

</)* 

U( &,/

i

5)+

,(r "

Nr" )





=

τ

w którym

Šó

2!3

&,,=

5

G (

,(

5 (

3U*2OHO)*<DHD`*DU



UŠ0'5

e

f

T'5

f

e

5=2!"

",(





`<= >=/=)* (O/ &<



D !"/1?

d

f

BC



YQDR!

 !C

#(#

…a)+

 ,!` 

"<*



,(= >G2(< (

3W2!





GO

2(,=



G=<!O,=/(D<



 !/w

,=F2!OUC(?

d

f

Bx

Ya )2! D 

<"5

°

y

A

f

'

f

A'

g

9('

z

²

5

^

y

bZ²

5

^

y

b

5

^

yUz 5

^

e

5

A

#

g

5

9

9%=5

A

9A(5

'

9(5

e

#d(5

%

%=9(5

%

9#5

#

%=5

A

f

5

9

A(A(5

e

#A(5

d



0HFKDQL]PVSDODQLDF] VWHNZVW SQLHVXV]RQHJRRVDGX FLHNRZHJRMHVW]EOL RQ\

GRPHFKDQL]PXVSDODQLDZLOJRWQHJRZ JODEUXQDWQHJR3RUyZQDQLHV]\ENR FLRGJD

]RZDQLDLVSDODQLDF] FLORWQ\FKF] VWHNZ JODNDPLHQQHJRZ JODEUXQDWQHJRELR

PDV\RUD]RVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FKZVND]XMH HVXV]RQ\RVDG FLHNRZ\PDQDMZL NV] 

G\QDPLN W\FKSURFHVyZ'X D]DZDUWR üF] FLORWQ\FKZRVDGDFK FLHNRZ\FKRUD]

GX DG\QDPLNDLFKWHUPLF]QHJRUR]NáDGXSRZRGXM  HZ\G]LHODQLHLVSDODQLHF] FL

ORWQ\FKMHVW]DVDGQLF]\PHWDSHPVSDODQLDRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FKLPDGRPLQXM F\XG]LDá

ZZ\]ZDODQLXHQHUJLLFLHSOQHMX]yskiwanej ze spalania osadów.

6SDODQLHSR]RVWDáR FLNRNVRZHM

=Z\NOHVSDODQLHSR]RVWDáR FLNRNVRZHM]DMPXMHZSURFHVLHVSDODQLDSDOLZVWDá\FK

QDMZL FHMF]DVXQDSU]\NáDGSRGF]DVVSDODQLDZ JODSURSRUFM F]DVyZVSDODQLDF] FL

background image

hFiOj\kilnm!m

o&pq

jrk!s

kt m

u



ORWQ\FK L SR]RVWDáR FL NRNVRZHM PR QD RNUH OLü Z SU]\EOL HQLX MDNR  S  

,QDF]HMMHVWZSU]\SDGNXVSDODQLDF] VWHNRVDGX FLHNRZHJR–VSDODQLHF] VWHNNRNVX

WUZDNUyFHMQL RGJD]RZDQLHRVDGXLVSDODQLHZ\G]LHORQ\FKF] FLORWQ\FK:\QLNDWR

]MHGQHMVWURQ\]HVWRVXQNRZRSRZROQHJRWHPSDWHUPLF]QHJRUR]NáDGXRVDGyZ FLH

NRZ\FKD]GUXJLHM−]QLHZLHONLHJRXG]LDáXZ JODZNDUERQL]DFLHRVDGyZ RN 

6SU]\MDM F\PF]\QQLNLHPV]\ENLHJRXWOHQLDQLDF] VWHNNRNVX]RVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FK

MHVWLFKGX DSRURZDWR üZL NV]DQL F] VWHNNRNVXZ JORZHJR>@

6SDODQLHFKORURZDQ\FKZ JORZRGRUyZ

&KORURZDQHZ JORZRGRU\QDOH GRVNáDGQLNyZRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FKLV]SLWDO

Q\FK DWDN HV SURGXNWDPLXERF]Q\PLZSU]HP\ OHFKHPLF]Q\PLIDUPDFHXW\F]

Q\P0HFKDQL]PVSDODQLDW\FK]ZL ]NyZMHVWVNRPSOLNRZDQ\DSURGXNW\SU]HM FLR

ZHLNR FRZHVSDODQLD]DOH RGWHPSHUDWXU\SURFHVXLXG]LDáXWOHQX>@

7HUPLF]QH SU]HNV]WDáFDQLH FKORURZDQ\FK Z JORZRGRUyZ á F]\ VL  ] QLHEH]SLH

F]H VWZHPZSURZDG]DQLDGRDWPRVIHU\GLRNV\QLIXUDQyZ:FHOXRJUDQLF]HQLDHPL

VML W\FK JUR Q\FK ]DQLHF]\V]F]H  GR GRSXV]F]DOQHJR SR]LRPX QDOH \ RJUDQLF]\ü

XG]LDáFKORUXZSRGDZDQ\PGRVSDODQLDVWUXPLHQLXRGSDGyZ SDOLZD OXE]DSHZQLü

FDáNRZLWHVSDODQLHFKORURZDQ\FKZ JORZRGRUyZ HE\ZUH]XOWDFLHFKORURG]\VNDü

&KORURG]\VNXMHVL ]HVSDOLQZIRUPLHFKORURZRGRUX +&O SU]H]DEVRUSFM ZZRG]LH

OXEZSRVWDFLJD]RZHM &O

ö



-DNR üVSDODQLDFKORURZDQ\FKZ JORZRGRUyZ]DOH \RGXG]LDáXFKORUX−LPZL N

V]D]DZDUWR üFKORUXW\PPQLHMV]DZDUWR üRSDáRZD1DSU]\NáDGSRGF]DVSURGXNFML

PRQRPHUXFKORUNXZLQ\OXSRZVWDM RGSDG\]DZLHUDM FHRGGRFKORUXRZDU

WR FLRSDáRZHM÷0-NJ>@:SREOL XGROQHJR]DNUHVXZDUWR FLRSDáRZHMSUR

FHV VSDODQLD VWDMH VL  QLHVWDELOQ\ L GOD SRGWU]\PDQLD Z\PDJD GRGDWNRZHJR SDOLZD

UyGáHP HPLVML GLRNV\Q LIXUDQyZ V  PLQSU]HWHUPLQRZDQH URGNL RFKURQ\ UR OLQ

,QVHNF\G\LIXQJLF\G\]DZLHUDM FKORURZDQHIHQROHDKHUELF\G\SROLFKORURZDQHGLIH

Q\ORHWHU\6SDODQLHW\FK]ZL ]NyZZ]E\WQLVNLHMWHPSHUDWXU]H °& ZZD

UXQNDFKQLHGRVWDWNXWOHQX  SRZRGXMHJHQHURZDQLH3&''V3&')V,QQHFKOR

URZDQH Z JORZRGRU\ NWyU\FK QLHNRQWURORZDQH VSDODQLH ]DJUD D HPLVM  GLRNV\Q

LIXUDQyZWRSROLFKORURZDQHELIHQ\OH 3&%V Z\VW SXM FHZROHMDFKWUDQVIRUPDWR

URZ\FKZF]\QQLNDFKFKáRGQLF]\FKLVXEVWDQFMDFKL]RODF\MQ\FK>@

:DUXQNLEH]SLHF]QHJRVSDODQLDRGSDGyZ

6SDODQLH RGSDGyZ QDOH \ GR QDMWUXGQLHMV]\FK SUREOHPyZ WHFKQLNL VSDODQLD SR

QLHZD  SRZRGXMH HPLVM  QLHEH]SLHF]Q\FK VXEVWDQFML GR SRZLHWU]D DWPRVIHU\F]QHJR

RUD]Z\PDJDUR]ZL ]DQLD]DJDGQLHQLDVNáDGRZDQLDVWDá\FKRGSDGyZSDOHQLVNRZ\FK

2EDZ\SU]HGQHJDW\ZQ\PLVNXWNDPLVSDODQLDRGSDGyZ]QDOD]á\Z\UD]ZXVWDZRGDZ

VWZLHZDUXQNLSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDWHUPLF]QHJRQLHEH]SLHF]Q\FKRGSDGyZZSDOHQLVNDFK

NRWáRZ\FKLZVSDODUQLDFKIRUPXáRZDQHZ3ROVFHV QDVW SXM FR>@

background image







&]DVXWU]\PDQLDVSDOLQZNRPRU]HVSDODQLDSRZLQLHQZ\QRVLüFRQDMPQLHMVH

NXQG\ZWHPSHUDWXU]H

D  QLH QL V]HM QL   °& – MH HOL ]DZDUWR ü FKORUX Z ]ZL ]NDFK RUJDQLF]Q\FK

ZSU]HNV]WDáFDQ\FKRGSDGDFKQLHSU]HNUDF]DVXFKHMPDV\RGSDGyZ

E  QLH QL V]HM QL   °& – MH OL ]DZDUWR ü FKORUX Z ]ZL ]NDFK RUJDQLF]Q\FK

ZSU]HNV]WDáFDQ\FKRGSDGDFKSU]HNUDF]DVXFKHMPDV\RGSDGyZ

=DZDUWR üWOHQXZJD]DFKVSDOLQRZ\FKQLHPR HE\üPQLHMV]DQL 

2NUH ORQRWDN HZDUXQNLGODWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDQLHEH]SLHF]Q\FKRGSD

dów w piecach obrotowych do produkcji cementu i wapna, w których wysoka temp

H

UDWXUDLF]DVSU]HE\ZDQLDRGGRVHNXQG]DSHZQLDM UR]NáDGVNáDGQLNyZRGSDGyZ

SRFKRG]HQLDRUJDQLF]QHJR>@

Zasady spalania odpadów komunalnych o

NUH OD WDN H '\UHNW\ZD (:*

>@ZNWyUHMZ\PDJDVL  HE\−ÄWHPSHUDWXUDJD]XSRZVWDM FHJRZZ\QLNXVSDOD

nia odpadów po ostatnim wtrysku powi

HWU]D SRWU]HEQHJR GR VSDODQLD SRGQRVLáD VL 

w sposób kontrolowany i jednorodny, nawet w najbardziej niesp

U]\MDM F\FKZDUXQ

NDFKGRFRQDMPQLHMq&PLQLPXPSU]H]GZLHVHNXQG\ZREHFQR FLFRQDM

PQLHMWOHQX”.

=DVDG\VSDODQLDRGSDGyZQLHEH]SLHF]Q\FKRNUH OD'\UHNW\ZD(&>@–

ZDUXQNL EH]SLHF]QHJR VSDODQLD V  WDNLH VDPH MDN Z 3ROVFH DOH RNUH ORQR WDN H

RJUDQLF]HQLDHPLVML]DQLHF]\V]F]H &2 UHGQLDGRERZDPJP



S\áyZ92&V

+&O+)12

÷

62

ö

, metali oraz dioksyn i furanów.





7HPSHUDWXUDVSDODQLD

1DMZD QLHMV]\PF]\QQLNLHPZSURFHVLHVSDODQLDRGSDGyZMHVWWHPSHUDWXUDVSD

ODQLDNWyUDZSá\ZDQDVNXWHF]QR üGRSDODQLD&2LHPLVM ZLHOXORWQ\FK]DQLHF]\V]

F]H ]SDOHQLVNDDWDN HQDXG]LDáF] FLSDOQ\FKZSRSLHOH2GWHPSHUDWXU\VSDODQLD

]DOH \V]\ENR üLVWDELOQR üVSDODQLDDZL FLSDUDPHWU\NRQVWUXNF\MQHSDOHQLVND

2 ]QDF]HQLX WHPSHUDWXU\ VSDODQLD GOD EH]SLHF]QHJR SU]HNV]WDáFDQLD WHUPLF]QHJR

RGSDGyZ ZLDGF]\QDVW SXM FHZ\PDJDQLH]DNáDG\VSDODQLDRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FK

SRZLQQ\E\üZ\SRVD RQHZSDOQLNLSRPRFQLF]H3DOQLNLWHPXV] E\üZá F]RQHDXWR

PDW\F]QLHJG\WHPSHUDWXUDJD]yZRGORWRZ\FKVSDGDSRQL HM

°

&>@

$GLDEDW\F]Q WHPSHUDWXU VSDODQLDPR QDREOLF]\üQDSRGVWDZLHZDUWR FLRSDáR

Z\FKLLQQ\FKGDQ\FKWHUPRG\QDPLF]Q\FKVNáDGQLNyZRGSDGyZDOHMHVWWRZLHONR ü

PDM FDQLHZLHOHZVSyOQHJR]UHDOQ WHPSHUDWXU  VSDODQLD :U]HF]\ZLVW\FKZDUXQ

NDFKZ\VW SXM F\FKZSDOHQLVNDFKSURFHV\VSDODQLDF] FLORWQ\FKLSR]RVWDáR FLNRN

VRZHMRGSDGyZV UR]G]LHORQHZF]DVLHLPDM Uy Q WHPSHUDWXU VSDODQLD=HZ]JO 

dów praktycznych, a przede wszystkim dla celów projektowania instalacji spalania

RGSDGyZQLH]E GQHMHVWMHGQDNSU]\EOL RQHRNUH OHQLH UHGQLHMWHPSHUDWXU\ZSDOHQL

VNXDUDF]HMWHPSHUDWXU\VSDOLQQDZ\ORFLH]SDOHQLVND

7HPSHUDWXU VSDOLQQDZ\ORFLH]SDOHQLVND7



 NWyU GDOHME G]LHVL QD]\ZDüNUyW

NRWHPSHUDWXU VSDODQLDPR QDREOLF]\ü]QDM FZDUWR üRSDáRZ VXFK\FKRGSDGyZ

background image

hFiOj\kilnm!m

o&pq

jrk!s

kt m

u



Z VWDQLH EH]SRSLRáRZ\P

 



:

 RUD] XZ]JO GQLDM F XG]LDá VXEVWDQFML PLQHUDOQHM

L ZLOJRFL Z RGSDGDFK 3R R]QDF]HQLX ZDUWR FL RSDáRZHM VXFK\FK RGSDGyZ SU]H]





: RUD]]DZDUWR FLSRSLRáXSU]H]SRWU]\PXMHVL 

)

1

(

S

:

:

=

!" #

!

!

!



LVW GREOLF]DVL ZDUWR üRSDáRZ RGSDGyZZVWDQLHURERF]\P

Z

U

Z

:

:

$

=

)

1

(

%

%

%



JG]LHZLU

&

–XG]LDáZRG\ZRGSDGDFKLHQWDOSLDSDURZDQLDZRG\ U

&

N-NJ 

>@

7HPSHUDWXU VSDODQLD VSDOLQQDZ\ORFLH]SDOHQLVND 7



Z\]QDF]DVL ]XSURV]F]R

nego równania bilansu entalpii, po obliczeniu masy spalin

P



'

LSRSLRáXP

'

SRZVWDM 

cych podczas spalania odpadów:



(

)

*

+,)

(

-

-

+,)

(

(

-

(

-

.

4

7

7

F

P

7

7

F

P

:

+

+

=

)

(

)

(



JG]LHF



F

'

7

/0

L4



1

2

– UHGQLHFLHSáRZáD FLZHVSDOLQLSRSLRáXWHPSHUDWXUDRWRF]HQLD

LZLHONR üVWUDWFLHSOQ\FKZSDOHQLVNX:DUWR üVWUDWFLHSOQ\FKSU]\MPXMHVL 

MDNR÷FLHSáDZ\]ZRORQHJRSRGF]DVVSDODQLD>@



$XWRWHUPLF]QR ü

VSDODQLDRGSDGyZ

=WHPSHUDWXU VSDODQLDZL HVL ZD QHSRM FLHDXWRWHUPLF]QR FLSURFHVXVSDODQLD

odpadów, które

 R]QDF]D PR OLZR ü VWDELOQHJR VSDODQLD RGSDGyZ EH] NRQLHF]QR FL

SRGDZDQLDSDOLZDGRGDWNRZHJR7HRUHW\F]QHRNUH OHQLHZDUXQNyZDXWRWHUPLF]QHJR

VSDODQLDZWDN]áR RQ\PRELHNFLHMDNVSDODUQLDRGSDGyZMHVWEDUG]RWUXGQHDZREHF

EUDNXZLHOXLQIRUPDFMLRZáD FLZR FLDFK VSDODQ\FKRGSDGyZ−SUDZLHQLHPR OLZH

0R QDMHGQDNSRVáXJLZDüVL NU\WHULDPL]DVW SF]\PLDXWRWHUPLF]QR FLVSDODQLDPL

QLPDOQ WHPSHUDWXU VSDODQLDOXEPLQLPDOQ ZDUWR FL RSDáRZ RGSDGyZ

5R]SDWUXM F PLQLPDOQ  WHPSHUDWXU  VSDODQLD MDNR NU\WHULXP DXWRWHUPLF]QR FL

SURFHVX VSDODQLD PR QD SRVáX \ü VL  WHPSHUDWXU  VDPR]DSáRQX SDOLZ VWDá\FK >@

:SU]\SDGNXRGSDGyZNWyUHZGX HMPLHU]HVNáDGDM VL ]PDWHULDáyZFHOXOR]RZ\FK

WHPSHUDWXUDVDPR]DSáRQXZ\QRVL÷°&>@2GSDG\NRPXQDOQH]DZLHUDM VSR

URZRG\RUD]PDWHULDáyZLQHUWQ\FK V]NáRFHUDPLNDPHWDOHLQQH SRZRGXMHWR H

SURFHV VSDODQLD SU]HELHJD ZROQR WU]HED ]JRG]Lü VL  ] ZQLRVNLHP ] SUDF\ >@ H

EH]SLHF]QLHM MHVW SU]\M ü H GRSLHUR WHPSHUDWXUD VSDODQLD ÷ °& ]DSHZQLD

DXWRWHUPLF]QR üVSDODQLDRGSDGyZNLHG\VWUDW\FLHSáDZ\QRV] RNRáRRUD]RNRáR

°&−NLHG\VSDODQLHSU]HELHJDZZDUXQNDFKEOLVNLFKDGLDEDW\F]Q\P

.U\WHULXPPLQLPDOQHMZDUWR FLRSDáRZHMZ\QLND]GR ZLDGF]H Z]DNUHVLHVSD

lania odpadów [

@ 3U]\MPXMHVL  H SURces spalania odpadów jest DXWRWHUPLF]Q\

NLHG\LFKZDUWR üRSDáRZDE G]LHFRQDMPQLHM0-NJ>@:UR]ZD DQLDFKQDG

WHPSHUDWXU  VSDOLQ Z\ND]DQR H QDMZD QLHMV]H ]QDF]HQLH PDM  XG]LDá\ F] FL SDO

background image

3547698769:

;<>=



Q\FKF] FLPLQHUDOQ\FKLZLOJRFLZRGSDGDFK7HZLHONR FLSRVáX \á\GRVNRQVWUX

RZDQLDW]Z Z\NUHVX 7DQQHUD NWyU\RNUH OD REV]DU VSDODQLDDWXWRWHUPLF]QHJR U\V

 

?A@CB

DEB

FHGIJ

K,L9MCD

NO P

;Q

;RE:

;4C8

P

;8CS9TVUW

O X>P

4

8C;R;ZY

P

49RE:

WT;

[C\]4

Q

:

TA:

;

X

W^_\`:

a6REW

P

^_69Wb

O

6

X

;<

aWRc:

W4C8Ed

P

;8CS7TfeWH6

P

4C8c;T ;Rc:

;g8C4C8C;

X

b49TAWhC4

P

;Q

:

T ;5:E[C<

;

X

T:

;47876i

O

b>;RE:

WaH6

a:WREW^,hC:

:E69;T ;^

X

W

UjT

P

;Q

RCicak

O

bc<

;87d

RE:

b>;ak4C8

P

;8CS7T]lCm :

WR;HQ

W

iUW87R;bn[

X

4

O

;\]:

;oAT ;^ [7RCbS7Tqp

@CB

DEB

FHGI J

K,LZMcFsrtD

spalania odpadów z waru

REd

b>;\`:CeWH6

P

:

WZa6REWhC4:

ak

P

^_69Wb

O

6

X

;<

aZ;Rc:

;

X

W^_\`:

aH6RcWhC4lZuv:

;8C47\]4e49T:

WH\`Y

W

P

^,4caW

O

i

O P

;Q

;RE:

;

P

;Q

:

T

O_X

;<

iEak

\w4Ch

P

^_69We:

WhC;oTxRE:

O

bE:

W

U

X

W\

P

WH^s;

X

[C^ 69WyCzc{

÷

|

{7{

°

}f~

R;

P

^ 6i7bC<

;8

X

Q

WRE:

W

X

^,4ca:

R`Tq6H<

4

[€

z7_‚ YCRE:

WH69;Q

W

RE:

W

zatem od warunków

p

@CB

DcB

FHGI J

K,LMED

K7J>O P

;Q

;Rc:

;RE;Q

W

iw67;8Ze;o4]69;

P

WTRc:

WRE:

W

X

;b:

W

U

X

W\

P

W^,;

X

[C^_i

O P

;Q

;Rc:

;ZY

Weci67;

P

WTRE:

oƒTiC\w;hC;R

O

bc[

X

WZa6RE4

o

X

W^_\`:

a6RcWhC4

P

^ 69Wb

O

6

X

;<

aZ;RE:

;g4C8

P

;

dów.

3ƒi

O

l7=cl

zlH„…;bC^,W

O†P

;Q

RE4

a:E4C8

P

;87S9T‡67;HQ

W

RE:

Wg4C88769:

;<

[TfRE:

ak

O

bc<

;H89RE:

bES7T

P

;HQ

RCiEakY

T:

Q

hC4ca:E:>a6

a:CRE:

W

P

;Q

RCiEak

3LUROL]DRGSDGyZ

=DOH QLHRGZDUXQNyZSURFHVSLUROL]\PDPQLHMOXEEDUG]LHMHQGRWHUPLF]Q\FKD

UDNWHUGODWHJRZFHOXMHJRUHDOL]DFMLGRXNáDGXPXVLE\üGRVWDUF]DQHFLHSáR:SU]\

SDGNXSLUROL]\RGSDGyZSRWU]HEQHFLHSáRX]\VNXMHVL SU]H]F] FLRZHVSDODQLHSUR

duktów pir

ROL]\GODWHJRSLUROL]DRGSDGyZRGE\ZDVL ]Z\NOHSU]\SHZQ\PXG]LDOH

WOHQX SyáVSDODQLH 5R]Uy QLDVL SLUROL] QLVNRWHPSHUDWXURZ  ÷°& RUD]Z\

VRNRWHPSHUDWXURZ  ÷°& >@

: Z\QLNX UR]NáDGX WHUPLF]QHJR VWDá\FK RGSDGyZ Z UHDNWRU]H SLUROLW\F]Q\P

RWU]\PXMH VL  SR]RVWDáR ü VWDá  NDUERQL]DW  SURGXNW\ FLHNáH VPRáD ROHM DONRKRO

LZRGD LSURGXNW\JD]RZH JD]SLUROLW\F]Q\ :F]DVLHRGJD]RZDQLDQDVW SXMHWHU

PLF]Q\UR]NáDGZ\VW SXM F\FKZRGSDGDFK]ZL ]NyZRUJDQLF]Q\FK &

ˆ

+

&

GRSURVW

V]\FKVXEVWDQFMLSU]\NáDGHPZ\VW SXM F\FKZW\PSURFHVLHUHDNFMLFKHPLF]Q\FKV 

&

ˆ

+

&

→&+

‰

++

Š

+&

&+

‰

++

Š

2→&2++

Š



background image

‹ƒŒ,

p

ŒsŽJJ

KH



p‘

p

M>J

F



&++

Š

2→&2++

Š



&+&2

Š

→&2

8G]LDáSRV]F]HJyOQ\FKIUDNFMLSURGXNWyZSLUROL]\RUD]LFKVNáDGFKHPLF]Q\]DOH RG

URG]DMXRGSDGyZRUD]RGWHPSHUDWXU\UR]NáDGX:WDEHOLSU]HGVWDZLRQRSU]\NáDG

X]\VNDQ\FKSURGXNWyZVWDá\FKFLHNá\FKLJD]RZ\ch podczas pirolizy wzorcowej próbki

palnej frakcji odpadów komunalnych w temperaturze 600

°

& DQDOL]  VNáDGX ORWQ\FK

produktów po

GDno natomiast w tabeli 9.13, w porównaniu do gazu koksownLF]HJR>@

’…;eWQ

;g=l

“”

Charakterystyka produktów pirolizy palnej frakcji odpadów komunalnych [43]

•^s4789[Cb

X

–

;^_e49Rc:

69;

X

•>^,4C89[Cb

X

i]a:

WbC<

W

—E^;ba

U;ƒT4C8ZR;

•^s4789[Cb

X

ihc;H6949TAW

˜

O X

^s;

X

i

™A8769:

;<

Y9š

›c”cY

”

“H”EY

›

”c›EY

|

”E{CY

œ

}

kE;^s;b

X

W^ i

O X

i9b>;

}

›†“HY

“š

ž



“HY

z7š

Ÿ



›E{CY

{7š

}7 

›cY

œ9š

ž



=cY

|

š

m



{cY

y7š

X

W\

P

lZ67;

P

<

4ZRC[

C 

”

°

}

P

ž¢¡£“Y

z7š

¤

WRc4CQ

W



z¥“j\]h9¦

87\]§

akcQ

49^_bE:



œ9Y

yh9¦

89\

§

X

;e>l7=El

“Hy



=HZ]URVWHPWHPSHUDWXU\SLUROL]\]ZL NV]DVL XG]LDáORWQHMIUDNFMLSURGXNWyZSL

UROL]\ U\V RUD]VNáDGQLNyZSDOQ\FK SU]HGHZV]\VWNLP&+

‰

&2L+

Š

D]PQLHM

V]DVL LOR üNDUERQL]DWX U\V 1DMF] FLHMSLUROL] RGSDGyZSURZDG]LVL ZWHP

SHUDWXU]HRNRáR°C. Uzyskany podczas pirolizy odpadów komunalnych gaz ma

ZDUWR üRSDáRZ ÷0-P

¨

>@

’;eWQ

;g=El

“Hy

Porównanie niektórych danych gazów: pirolitycznego z odpadów i koksowniczego [

›Cy7

•†;^,;\`W

X

^

©;H6

P

:

^,4CQ

:

X

iEaH6RCi

©;H65bE49b

O

49TRc:

aH6i

}

žª,Y7š

ž«,Y7š

}ƒ¬

YCš

}ƒ¬

«,Y7š

­

RcRcWZYCš

“ZœCY

›

 

Y

›

”c”EY

œ

›†“Y

|

=cY

œ

”

|

Y

{

z

 

Y

{

|

Y

z

”EY

{

œCY

z

u¢;^

X

4

og4

P

;<

49T ;Y7®V¯s¦

\

§

“ycY

{

“

 

Y

{

÷

“H=CY

{



=DOHW SLUROLW\F]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDRGSDGyZMHVWOHSV]DPR OLZR üNRQWUROLSUR

FHVXWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDRGSDGów i jego optymalizacji: warunków termic]

QHJRUR]NáDGX WHPSHUDWXUDDWPRVIHUDLFL QLHQLH MDNLSy QLHMZDUXQNyZVSDODQLD

OXESU]HWZDU]DQLDSURGXNWyZSLUROL]\0R OLZR üOHSV]HMNRQWUROLSURFHVXSLUROLW\F]

QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDSRZRGXMH HHPLVMD]DQLHF]\V]F]H JD]RZ\FKLS\áRZ\FKMHVW

PQLHMV]DQL SRGF]DVVSDODQLDRGSDGyZ

background image

3547698769:

;<>=



°

±,°

²Z°

³°

´Z°

µ

°

¶°

·

°

´7¸²

¶H´7¸

¸7±

µ

¹

²Z¶

Temperatura pirolizy, °C

º

»

¼

½

¾

¿

ÀÁ

Â

»

Ã

Ä

Å

Æ

Ç

À

½

Á

Â

È

½

¼É_Ê

Ë

̅Í,ÎÐÏZÑ

Ò

ÓZÔ

Ñ

Õ

Ö9×,ÎsØsÖ

ÙCÒ

ÓZÚHÛÜHÕ

Ög×sÑ

Ý,ÜHÞ

Ý

ßÓÜ9àÏÑ

Ò

ÓZÔ

Ñ

Õ

ÖZ×,ÎØ,Ö





á

â_á

ãá

äá

åá

æ

á

çHá

ãáHá

åáHá

çHáHá

èáHá

â_áHáHá

Temperatura, °C

é

ê

ë

ì

í

î

ï ð

ñ

òƒó

ôÐõ

ó

ôÐõ

ô

òƒö_÷

ôtø

òjù



3ƒi

O

l7=El

 

lu

P

<

i7T

X

WH\

P

W^s;

X

[C^_iA^,476Hbc<

;8Z[

X

W^_\`:

a6REWhC4RE;ƒ[E8769:

;<

i

RE:

Wb

X

S9^_iEak

O

bC<

;89RE:

bS7T

¤

^s;bEa

U:EQ

4

X

REW

U

~

R;

P

4C8

O X

lC

z7”7 ‚

:L NV]H UR]EXGRZDQLH LQVWDODFML SLUROLW\F]QHJR SU]HNV]WDáFDQLD RGSDGyZ Z SR

UyZQDQLXGRVSDODUQLSRZRGXMHMHGQDN HPHWRGDSLUROLW\F]QDMHVW

PQLHMVSUDZQDHQHUJHW\F]QLH

PQLHMZ\GDMQD

EDUG]LHMNRV]WRZQD

&HFK\ WH VSRZRGRZDá\ H SLUROL]D ]QDOD]áD ]DVWRVRZDQLH GR WHUPLF]QHJR SU]H

NV]WDáFDQLDQLHEH]SLHF]Q\FKRGSDGyZDWDN HMDNRZVW SQ\HWDSWHUPLF]QHJRSU]H

NV]WDáFDQLDZQRZRF]HVQ\FKVSDODUQLDFKRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FK1DSU]\NáDGZWHFK

QRORJLL '827+(50 SLUROL]D RGSDGyZ RGE\ZD VL  ] Z\NRU]\VWDQLHP FLHSáD

SyáVSDODQLDZSLHUZV]\PHWDSLHSURFHVXSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDWHUPLF]QHJR>@

=JD]RZDQLHRGSDGyZ

']LDáDM F QD RGSDG\ NRPXQDOQH PLHV]DQLQ  SDU\ ZRGQHM L WOHQX OXE SRZLHWU]D

ZWHPSHUDWXU]HSRQDG°&GRNRQXMHVL LFK]JD]RZDQLDX]\VNXM FSURGXNWJD

]RZ\]EOL RQ\GRJD]XV\QWH]RZHJR &2+

Š

≈ 1DMZD QLHMV]HUHDNFMHFKHPLF]QH

ZSURFHVLH]JD]RZDQLDRGSDdów to [@

3ƒi

O

l7=El

|

lu

P

<

i7T

X

WH\

P

W^s;

X

[C^_iA^,476Hbc<

;8Z[

X

W^

micznego odpadów

b4Z\][cRE;Q

Rciak

RE;ƒ[E8769:

;<

i

¤

^s;ba

U:

O X

;<

W

UYCaH:

Wbc<

W

Uƒ:EhC;H6949TW

U

~

RE;

P

4C8

O,X

lc

zCœ9 ‚

background image

‹ƒŒ,

p

ŒsŽJJ

KH



p‘

p

M>J

F



&+2

Š

→&2

Š



&

ú

+

û

+ [+ 1 \ 2

Š

→[&2

Š

+ 1 \+

Š

2

&+&2

Š

→&2

&++

Š

2→&2++

Š



-H HOLF]\QQLNLHP]JD]RZXM F\PRERNSDU\ZRGQHME G]LHSRZLHWU]HRWU]\PXMH

VL JD]VáDE\ RN0-P

¨

MH HOLQDWRPLDVWX \MHVL WOHQXRWU]\PXMHVL JD]PRFQ\

RN0-P

¨

6WDá SR]RVWDáR FL SR]JD]RZDQLXMHVWSRSLyá=JD]RZDQLHMHVWSUR

FHVHP SU]HELHJDM F\P Z SRUyZQDQLX GR VSDODQLD EDUG]R ZROQR GODWHJR ]QDOD]áR

]DVWRVRZDQLH SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP GR WHUPLF]QHJR SU]HNV]WDáFDQLD RGSDGyZ PHG\F]

Q\FK>@W niektórych nowoczesnych technologiach termicznej utylizacjiRGSDdów (na

SU]\NáDG7KHUPRVHOHFW ]JD]RZDQLHQDVW SXMHSRHWDSLHSLUROL]\>@

:DUXQNL WHUPLF]QHJR SU]HNV]WDáFDQLD RGSDGyZ QLHEH]SLHF]Q\FK SU]H]

LFKUR]NáDGSLUROLW\F]Q\

:3ROVFHZDUXQNLSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDWHUPLF]QHJRQLHEH]SLHF]Q\FKRGSDGyZSU]H]

LFKUR]NáDGSLUROLW\F]Q\]RVWDá\]GHILQLRZDQHQDVW SXM FR>@

=DZDUWR üRUJDQLF]Q\FK]ZL ]NyZFKORURZFyZZSDUDFKLJD]DFKRGORWRZ\FK

]SURFHVXUR]NáDGXSLUROLW\F]QHJRRGSDGyZQLHEH]SLHF]Q\FKQLHSRZLQQDSU]HNUDF]Dü

ZDUWR FLQJP

¨



*D]\]SURFHVXSLUROLW\F]QHJRSRZLQQ\E\üZ\NRU]\VWDQHMDNRSDOLZRSRPRF

QLF]H Z SDOHQLVNDFK NRWáRZQL JU]HZF]\FK Z SU]\SDGNX EUDNX PR OLZR FL WDNLHJR

Z\NRU]\VWDQLDGRSXV]F]DVL VSDODQLHJD]yZZSRFKRGQL

'RSXV]F]DVL EH]SR UHGQLHVNáDGRZDQLHVWDáHMSR]RVWDáR FLSRUR]NáDG]LHSLUROL

W\F]Q\PQDVNáDGRZLVNXRGSDGyZZ\SRVD RQ\PZLQVWDODFMHGRRF]\V]F]DQLDRGFLH

ków.



:VSyáVSDODQLHRGSDGyZ]LQQ\PLSDOLZDPL

%XGRZDVDPRG]LHOQHMVSDODUQLRGSDGyZMHVWEDUG]RNRV]WRZQ LQZHVW\FM GODWHJR

Z\NRU]\VWXMH VL  WH  PR OLZR FL WHUPLF]QHJR SU]HNV]WDáFDQLD RGSDGyZ SU]H] LFK

ZVSyáVSDODQLH]LQQ\PLSDOLZDPLQDMF] FLHM]Z JOHPOXEELRPDV ZNRWáDFKFLH

SáRZQLF]\FK D QDZHW Z HQHUJHW\FH ]DZRGRZHML ZFHPHQWRZQLDFK :VSyáVSDODQLH

RGSDGyZ]Z JOHPPR HE\üMHGQDNSU]\F]\Q SUREOHPyZHNVSORDWDF\MQ\FK

SRJRUV]HQLHVWDELOQR FLVSDODQLD

]ZL NV]HQLHVNáRQQR FLGRV]ODNRZDQLD

]ZL NV]HQLHNRUR]MLSRZLHU]FKQLRJU]HZDOQ\FK

]ZL NV]HQLHHPLVML12

ú

62

Š

&2LS\áX

]QDF]QH]ZL NV]HQLHHPLVML::$3&''V3&')VL3&%V

SVXFLHSRSLRáXSU]H]]PLDQ S+Z\P\ZDOQR üFKORUNyZIOXRUNyZLPHWDOL

background image

3547698769:

;<>=



6SDODQLHRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FK]Z JOHP

6SDODQLH QLHSU]HWZRU]RQ\FK RGSDGyZ NRPXQDOQ\FK Z SDOHQLVNDFK Z JORZ\FK

XZD DQHMHVW]DQLHUDFMRQDOQH]SRZRGXGX \FKUy QLFPL G]\ZáD FLZR FLDPLW\FK

SDOLZ >@ /HSV]H HIHNW\ GDMH ZVSyáVSDODQLH Z JOD ] SDOLZDPL ] RGSDGyZ W\SX

3$.20 5') NWyUHPDM ZáD FLZR FL]EOL RQHGRZ JOD S 3RGDWQR üSU]H

PLDáRZD W\FK SDOLZ XPR OLZLD LFK UR]GUREQLHQLH RGSRZLHGQLH GOD SDOHQLVN IOXLGDO

Q\FKLF\NORQRZ\FK PP =HZ]JO GXQDZ\PDJDQ\GX \VWUXPLH SDOLZDGR

ZVSyáF]HVQ\FK NRWáyZ HQHUJHW\F]Q\FK XG]LDá SDOLZ RGSDGRZ\FK Z FDáNRZLW\P

VWUXPLHQLXGRNRWáDMHVWRJUDQLF]RQ\GR÷>@

'R ZLDGF]HQLD]HEUDQHZ86$SRGF]DVVSDODQLDSDOLZW\SX5')ZNRWáDFK]SD

OHQLVNDPLF\NORQRZ\PLQDZ JLHOEUXQDWQ\GREORNXRPRF\0:

ü

SRND]Dá\ H

X \FLHSDOLZRGSDGRZ\FKQLH]QDF]QLH]PQLHMV]DVSUDZQR üNRWáD Z\PDJDQ\ZL N

V]\QDGPLDUSRZLHWU]DRUD]ZL NV]\MHVWXG]LDáZRGRUXZRGSDGDFKQL ZZ JOX DOH

HPLVMD]DQLHF]\V]F]H ]NRWáD]PLHQLDVL QLHZLHOH>@

HPLVMD62

Š

]PDODáDRRNRáR

HPLVMD12

ú

&2L&+SUDNW\F]QLHVL QLH]PLHQLáD

XG]LDáS\áXZVSDOLQDFK]DHOHNWURILOWUHP]ZL NV]\áVL R

HPLVMD::$L3&%VQLH]ZL NV]\á\VL 

HPLVMD+&O]ZL NV]\áDVL RGGRSSP

HPLVMD3&''V3&')V]ZL NV]\áDVL QLHZLHOH

]ZL NV]\áDVL HPLVMDQLHNWyU\FKPHWDOL

ZáD FLZR FLSRSLRáXORWQHJRQLHSRJRUV]\á\VL ]QDF] FR

8]DVDGQLRQHMHVWZL FVWZLHUG]HQLH HPR QDVSDODüVSUHSDURZDQHRGSDG\NRPX

QDOQH]Z JOHPZNRWáDFKHQHUJHW\F]Q\FKLFLHSáRZQLF]\FK]PQLHMV]DM FNRV]W\Z\

WZDU]DQLDHQHUJLLUHGXNXM FHPLVM &2

Š

LSU]\F]\QLDM FVL GRUR]ZL ]DQLDSUREOHPX

odpadów komunalnych.



:VSyáVSDODQLHRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FK]Z JOHP

:OLF]Q\FKEDGDQLDFKLSUyEDFKZ\ND]DQRZVNDOLWHFKQLF]QHMPR OLZR üZVSyá

VSDODQLDRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FKRUy Q\PVWRSQLXRGZRGQLHQLD]Z JOHPZNRWáDFKS\

áRZ\FKIOXLGDOQ\FKLUXV]WRZ\FK>@

:\QLNLSUyEZZLHOXHOHNWURZQLDFKLHOHNWURFLHSáRZQLDFKRSDODQ\FKS\áHPZ 

JORZ\PZVND]XM QDPR OLZR üZSURZDG]DQLDRNRáRVXV]RQHJRRVDGX FLHNR

ZHJRGRNRWáDS\áRZHJR:\QLNLEDGD ZVNDOLSyáWHFKQLF]QHM 0:

ý

SR]ZROLá\

VWZLHUG]Lü H ]DVLODQLHSDOQLNyZS\áRZ\FKPLHV]DQN S\áXZ JORZHJRRUD]Z\VX

V]RQHJR L ]PLHORQHJR RVDGX FLHNRZHJR XPR OLZLD VWDELOQH G]LDáDQLH SDOQLND

Z ]DNUHVLH XG]LDáX RVDGX ÷  >@ =ZL NV]DQLX VWUXPLHQLD RVDGyZ GR NRWáD

WRZDU]\V]\á\HIHNW\QHJDW\ZQH

]ZL NV]HQLHHPLVML62

Š

L12

ú



]QDF]QH]ZL NV]HQLHV]ODNRZDQLDSRZLHU]FKQLRJU]HZDOQ\FK

=ZL NV]HQLHHPLVML12

ú

L62

Š

Z\ZRáXMH]QDF]Q\XG]LDáD]RWX  RUD]VLDU

NL   Z RVDGDFK FLHNRZ\FK SU]\ PQLHMV]HM QL  Z JLHO ZDUWR FL RSDáRZHM

background image

‹ƒŒ,

p

ŒsŽJJ

KH



p‘

p

M>J

F



0-NJ 6NáRQQR üGRV]ODNRZDQLDSRGF]DVVSDODQLDRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FKZ\QL

ND]H]QDF]QHJRXG]LDáXZQLFKVXEVWDQFMLPLQHUDOQHM RN >@

=HZ]JO GXQDGX H]DZLOJRFHQLHZ JODEUXQDWQHJR (do 50%), szczególnie nD

GDM VL GRZVSyáVSDODQLDRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FK]Z JOHPNRWá\S\áRZHQDZ JLHO

EUXQDWQ\ :W\PSU]\SDGNXZLOJRWQR üRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FKPR HGRFKRG]LüGR

>@

'RXGDQ\FKPR QDWH ]DOLF]\üSUyE\ZVSyáVSDODQLDRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FKR]D

ZDUWR FLZRG\RGGRLZDUWR FLRSDáRZHMRNRáR0-NJVP]Z JOHP

NDPLHQQ\PZNRWOHUXV]WRZ\P25>@=REDZ\RZ\JDV]HQLHNRWáDXG]LDá

RVDGX Z PLHV]DQFH ] Z JOHP RJUDQLF]RQR GR  6WZLHUG]RQR ]QDF]QH ]ZL N

V]HQLH HPLVML &2 62

Š

 12

ú

 L S\áX Z Z\QLNX ZVSyáVSDODQLD RVDGX FLHNRZHJR

]Z JOHP WDE 

’;eWQ

;5=l

“›

•¥4Z^,S7TR;Rc:

WgW\`:

O

U:c67;RE:

WZa6i

O

69a69W

P

4C8CaH67;

O…O P

;HQ

;RE:

;jT

hCQ

;

:c\]:

W

O

67;RCb:CT

hCQ

;564

O

;87W\xT

¬

3gdH“

|~

R;

P

4C8

O,X

lC

z9›C ‚

þ

bC<

;89RE:

b

\whZ¦

\`§

þ7P

;Q

;RE:

WƒT

h7Q

;

þ7P

;Q

;RE:

WƒT

hCQ

;

64

O

;H8CW\

}ƒ¬

þ

¬

«

m

¬5ÿ

•ti9<

œ7ycY

”

“c“

|

ycY

“

“H›Eœ7Y

|

›

 

Y

 

“H›œ7Y

{

“zc=t“HY

œ

”c›E{CY

|

“Zœ7›cY

=



=ZL NV]HQLHHPLVML62

Š

L12

ú

E\áRVSRZRGRZDQHGX \PXG]LDáHPD]RWX ! 

LVLDUNL ! ZX \W\FKGRVSDODQLDRVDGDFK.LONXNURWQH]ZL NV]HQLHNRQFHQWUDFML

S\áX Z VSDOLQDFK ]RVWDáR VSRZRGRZDQH ]QDF]Q\P XG]LDáHP GUREQHM IUDNFML Z RVD

GDFK6WZLHUG]RQRSRQDGWR]ZL NV]HQLHXG]LDáXPHWDOLZRGFLHNDFK] X OLLSRSLR

áyZDOHEH]SU]HNURF]HQLDLVWQLHM F\FKRJUDQLF]H GODVNáDGRZDQLDRGSDGyZ>@

: SUDF\ >@ SU]HGVWDZLRQR Z\QLNL EDGD  Z VNDOL ODERUDtoryjnej i prób 

ZZL NV]HMVNDOLZVSyáVSDODQLDRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FK]Z JOHPZNRWáDFKIOXLGDOQ\FK

8]\VNDQHZ\QLNLV EDUG]R]DFK FDM FHSRQLHZD XGDMHVL SURZDG]LüSURFHVVSDOD

QLDRVDGyZRXG]LDOHZRG\GREH]REDZ\RZ\JDV]HQLHNRWáD

:VSyáVSDODQLHRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FK]Z JOHPMHVWZL FPR OLZHDOH]HZ]JO GXQD

VWRVXQNRZRGX \XG]LDáVLDUNLD]RWXLPHWDOLZRVDGDFKVWUXPLH RVDGyZGRNRWáD

PXVLE\üRJUDQLF]RQ\ HE\QLHVSRZRGRZDüSU]HNURF]H HPLVML]DQLHF]\V]F]H JD

]RZ\FKRUD]QLHSRSVXüSRSLRáX'X \XG]LDáVXEVWDQFMLPLQHUDOQHMZRVDGDFK FLH

NRZ\FKSRZRGXMH]QDF]QHREFL HQLHVSDOLQSRSLRáHP RNJP

¨

>@ 2JUDQLF]H

QLHP Z\QLNDM F\P ] GX HJR XG]LDá\ ZLOJRFL Z RVDGDFK FLHNRZ\FK MHVW JUR ED

Z\JDV]HQLDNRWáD







 

 

! "#

$% 



m]:

W8C4Zec^

P

^,;b

X

i7b

UW

O,XƒO_P

;Q

;RE:

W]4C8

P

;87S7T

O

6

P

:

X

;Q

R7iEaknT

\w;<

iEak€bE4

X

<

;ak€h9^ 69WT a6iEak€4

P

;Q

;RCiEaknT

d

hCQ

WH\

s“Hy7,Y

P

49RE:

WT ;



background image

3547698769:

;<>=



X

WH\

P

W^;

X

[7^s;

O,P

;Q

;RE:

;ƒTfRE:

ak…UW

O X

6eci

X

RE:

O

b;ZY

• brak jest przy nich systemów oczyszczania spalin,

P

^,;b

X

iEaH6Rc:

WƒRE:

WH\`4

Q

:

T ;tUW

O X

w nich kontrola warunków spalania.

m]:

Wb4ZR

X

^,4CQ

49T;REW

O,P

;HQ

;RE:

W

4C8

P

;8CS7T

O

6

P

:

X

;HQ

RCicak

6nT

hCQ

WH\

T

\`;<

iEakVbE4

X

<

;Zak£hZ^s4769:ƒW\]:

O

U

X

49b

O

ica69d

RciEak‡67;RE:

WZaH6i

O

67a69W

49^shC;RE:

a6RCiEaktl'&A4vR;

UQ

W

P

:

W

U€6R;RCiEakY

O

6b478CQ

:

TAiEak‡67;RE:

WZa6i

O

67a69W

W\`:

X

47T];R7iEak

T

X

;bc:

akT;^_[CRCb;ak

O_P

;Q

;Rc:

;ƒR;Q

W

8C:

49b

O

i7RCi :

¤

[C^,;RCi]4Z^;6akcQ

49^,49T ;REWƒeE:

¤

WRCicQ

W

~

•

})(

‚…

”

|

l



:VSyáVSDODQLHRGSDGyZ]Z JOHPDHPLVMD]DQLHF]\V]F]H 

:VSyáVSDODQLHRGSDGyZ]Z JOHPZSDOHQLVNDFKSU]H]QDF]RQ\FKGRVSDODQLDZ JOD

SRZRGXMH]Z\NOH]ZL NV]HQLHXG]LDáXZVSDOLQDFK]DQLHF]\V]F]H W\SRZ\FKGODVSD

ODQLDZ JOD&262

Š

12

ú

LS\á\>@DSRQDGWRSRMDZLHQLHVL WDNLFK]DQLHF]\V]F]H 

NWyUH SRGF]DV VSDODQLD SDOLZ NRSDOQ\FK QLH V  XZD DQH ]D ]QDF] FH 3&''V3&')V

::$3&%VLPHWDOHFL NLH Mechanizmy powstawania dioksyn i furanów podczDV

VSDODQLDRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FK]Z JOHPQLHV GREU]H]QDQHSU]\SXV]F]DVL  H

VSDODQLHZ JODLQKLELWXMHSURFHVSRZVWDZDQLDW\FK]DQLHF]\V]F]H >@

•†478ca67;

OƒO P

;Q

;RE:

;

P

;

P

:

W^ [`:\`;

X

W^s:

;<

S7TxaWQ

[EQ

496949TAiEak]6T

h7Q

WH\

P

47T

O X

;

U

T

hCQ

49T4C8C49^ i

P

:

W^

a:

WRE:

49TW

:

¤

WRE47Q

W7l>™T ;

;

O

:

Y

W bQ

[a6949TW]6R;Za69WRE:

Ww8CQ

;

P

49T

O X

;T;Rc:

;`8C:

49b

syn i furanów w tych warunkach ma

49eWZaRE4

ojT

O_P

;Q

:

RE;ak\`4CQ

Wbc[EQ

;^ RcWh74 akEQ

49^ [EY9b

X

SZ^ iATic8769:

WQ

;

O

:

Tf^ WZ;ba

U: &AWZ;a49R;

›Cž

}

Q

+

¬

«

”Cž«

¬

+

”

}

Q

«

R;e:

W^s;

U

aW

Ug6RE;Za69WRE:

;T

X

W\

P

WH^,;

X

[C^ 69W

P

49R;8

|

{c{

°

}



”c=7slC35WZ;b>a

UsW akEQ

4Z^s49T;RE:

;

¤

WRE47Q

:

X

;b

W

P

^ 69We:

Whc;

U

P

^;b

X

iEaH6RE:

WƒT

X

W\

P

W^s;

X

[7^ 69W

P

49Ti

W

U

|

{C{

°

}

}+*

ž-,

¬

ž

+

}

Q

«

akEQ

49^s4ZT ;REW

¤

WRE4CQ

W

–

49R87WR

O

;Za

U;:

O,P

;Q

;RE:

WakEQ

49^,49T;RCiEak

¤

WRE4CQ

:

P

^,49T ;876Z:8C4

P

49T

O X

;Rc:

;8C:

4Zb

O

i7R`:

¤

uranów [29

slZ­

R7REWgRE:

WZd

b49^_6i

O X

REW£W

¤

Wb

X

i

T

O P

S7<

O_P

;Q

;RE:

;

4C8

P

;8CS7T

6£T

hCQ

WH\wY

X

4v6Z\`:

;R;VT<

;

a:

T4

a:

P

4

P

:

49<

S7T Y

P

4CQ

Whc;

U

aZ;VR;

6T:

b

O

69WRE:

[./012





X

;bE:

akf6T:

6HbS7T Y>U;b



akcQ

49^

b:

Y

¤

Q

[E49^

b::\`W

X

;HQ

W£a:

bE:

WZYg49^s;6

R;€6\`:

;RE:

W

wspó

<

aH6i9RCRE:

b;

P

ž‡478ca:

WbS9T]l3

¤

Wb

X

i

X

Wƒ\`4

RE;ƒb49R

X

^s47Q

49T ;Zoƒ6\RE:

W

U

O

67;

U

a

O X

^ [7\`:

W

4C8

P

;87S7Tq

y

|

sl

6SDODUQLHRGSDGyZ

&KDUDNWHU\VW\ND LQVWDODFML GR WHUPLF]QHJR SU]HNV]WDáFDQLD

RGSDGyZ

:VSyáF]HVQHLQVWDODFMHWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLD XW\OL]DFML RGSDGyZ 732 WR

VNRPSOLNRZDQHV\VWHP\WHFKQRORJLF]QHF]ZDUWHMJHQHUDFMLNWyUH]DSHZQLDM 

]PQLHMV]HQLHREM WR FL GR LPDV\ GR RGSDGyZ

VSRSLHOHQLHF] FLRUJDQLF]QHMRGSDGyZ

odzysk efektu cieplnego spalania odpadów,



VSHáQLHQLHZ\PRJyZRJUDQLF]HQLDHPLVML]DQLHF]\V]F]H JD]RZ\FK

EH]SLHF]H VWZRVNáDGRZDQLDVWDá\FKSR]RVWDáR FLSRSU]HWZDU]DQLX

5HDOL]DFMDW\FK]DGD Z\PDJD]QDF]QHJRUR]EXGRZDQLDLQVWDODFML732ZNWyUHM

Z\Uy QLDVL FKDUDNWHU\VW\F]QHZ ]á\ U\V 

background image

‹ƒŒ,

p

ŒsŽJJ

KH



p‘

p

M>J

F



D SU]\JRWRZDQLDZVDGX

E obróbki termicznej,

F RG]\VNXHQHUJLL

G RF]\V]F]DQLDVSDOLQ

H SU]HNV]WDáFDQLDVWDá\FKRGSDGyZSDOHQLVNRZ\FK

:VSDODUQLDFKRGSDGyZZ ]á\REUyENLWHUPLF]QHMLRG]\VNXHQHUJLLV ]Z\NOH]LQ

WHJURZDQH NRWá\  1DMEDUG]LHM UR]EXGRZDQ\ MHVW Z ]Há RF]\V]F]DQLD VSDOLQPD RQ

ERZLHP ]DGDQLD RGS\ODQLD RGVLDUF]DQLD NDWDOLW\F]QHJR GRSDODQLD &2 GLRNV\Q

::$L92&VRUD]UR]NáDGX12

ú

DSRQDGWRXVXZDQLDPHWDOLFL NLFK]HVSDOLQ



46578959:

;<

=$>@?

A

8

<

=

8BC

>

A-D

895E

Obróbka termiczna

F

D

789G

8BC

>IH

4J5

=

:

D#K

L

C

>

7M

8

4

L

=

:

D

=

L

=

8BC

>

D

78$G

C

B

N

K

M

895O

A

C

D

K

O

NE

<

O

A

L

>

wtórne

P6O

<

L

8

A

O58

;

8

<

8

A

O5B8

Q

B

>9<

R

C

8

>

G

>9K?

<

:

L

=

B8



,VWQLHMHNLONDW\SyZLQVWDODFML732NWyUHUy QL VL Z\GDMQR FL RGNLONXG]LHVL FLX

NLORJUDPyZGRNLONXVHWPHJDJUDPyZQDJRG]LQ >@,QVWDODFMHWHPR QDG]LHOLü]H

Z]JO GXQDUy QHF]\QQLNLGRQDMZD QLHMV]\FKQDOH 

,2UJDQL]DF\MQH

spalarnie odpadów,



ZVSyáVSDODQLHRGSDGyZZNRWáRZQLDFKHOHNWURZQLDFKLFHPHQWRZQLDFK

,,3URFHVWHFKQRORJLF]Q\

spalanie odpadów z nadmiarem powietrza,



piroliza odpadów i dopalanie produktów pirolizy,



zgazowanie odpadów.



,,,Rodzaj spalanych odpadów:

LQVWDODFMHWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FK 732. 

LQVWDODFMHWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FKLV]ODPyZ

LQVWDODFMHWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDRdpadów niebezpiec]Q\FK



%RG FHPGRUR]ZRMXWHFKQLNVSDODQLDRGSDGyZMHVW'\UHNW\ZD8((&

ZSURZDG]DM FDRJUDQLF]HQLDVNáDGRZDQLDRGSDGyZELRGHJUDGRZDOQ\FKLZ\]QDF]DM 

FDVFHQDULXV]W\FKRJUDQLF]H ZNUDMDFK8(>@

3ƒi

O

l7=El

œEl

þ

akEWH\w;

X

:

R

O X

;Q

;a

U:

X

W^ \]:

aH6REWhC4

P

^_69Wb

O

6

X

;<

a;RE:

;

odpadów (TPO)

background image

3547698769:

;<>=



u

•¥4CQ

O

aW

X

W^_\`:

aH6HREW

P

^_69Wb

O

6

X

;<

a;RE:

Wg4C8

P

;87S7T¢\`4

Wƒecico

P

^,49T ;87694REWƒTq

yC{7



• spalarniach odpadów niebezpiecznych,

• spalarniach odpadów komunalnych,

O P

;Q

;^_RE:

;ak 4C8

P

;87S7T

:

R7RciEakARE:

RE:

WeWH6

P

:

WaH6RcWg:Cb4Z\][CRE;Q

REW7l

&A4

P

[

O

69aH69;

O

:

X

W

X

W^ \]:

aH6REW

P

^ 6ZWHb

O

6

X

;<

aZ;RE:

WA4C8

P

;8CS7T

:

RCRcicak`RE:

RE:

WeEWH6

P

:

WZa6RcWTq:

RCRciEak`RE:

O_P

;Q

;^,d

RE:

W

4C8

P

;8CS9T

[C^_6

8769WRE:

;Zak



P

:

WZaHW

aW\`WHR

X

49TWZYgT;

P

:

WRCRc:

aH69WZY5b4ZRCTW^

X

49^,49TWZY4ZeC^s4

X

49TW£: 8C4

Ti

P

;Q

;RE:

;

aWh9<

iEY>e>;

X

W^s:

Wb49b

O

4ZTRE:

aH69WZY>b4

X

<

i€WHREW^,hCW

X

iEaH6RcW`49^s;H6w8C49\`49TW`:

R

O X

;Q

;Za

UW`:†[C^ 6

8769WRE:

;`h9^_69WT a69WZY>bc[Eak7RE:

W

:

P

:

WZaWA

yt“l

: ]á\WHUPLF]QHMREUyENLRGSDGyZ SDOHQLVND 

: ]HáWHUPLF]QHMREUyENLRGSDGyZZGX HMPLHU]HGHF\GXMHRFKDUDNWHU]HFDáHM

LQVWDODFML732=HZ]JO GyZNRQVWUXNF\MQ\FKG]LHOLVL MHQDVW SXM FR

SDOHQLVNDNRPRURZH

SDOHQLVNDUXV]WRZH

SDOHQLVNDIOXLGDOQH

SLHFHREURWRZH

SLHFHSyáNRZH

3DOHQLVNDNRPRURZH

3DOHQLVNDNRPRURZHF] FLHMV VWRVRZDQe do spalania odpadów niebezpiec]Q\FK

V]SLWDOQ\FKFKHPLF]Q\FKLLQQ\FK :\Uy QLDVL GZDW\S\SDOHQLVNNRPRURZ\FK

D VWUXPLHQLRZH GRVSDODQLDRGSDGyZFLHNá\FK 

E SU]HS\FKRZH U\V 

3ƒi

O

l7=cl

=l

þ

akEWH\w;

XP

;Q

WRc:

O

b>;jb4Z\w49^,49TWhC4

X

i

P

[

P

^_69W

P

iEakc49TWZhC4



1DU\VXQNXSU]HGVWDZLRQRGZXVWRSQLRZ VSDODUQL W\SXSLUROLW\F]QHJR>@

:SLHUZV]HMNRPRU]HSDOHQLVND SLUROLW\F]QHM QDVW SXMHWHUPLF]Q\UR]NáDGLVSRSLH

background image

‹ƒŒ,

p

ŒsŽJJ

KH



p‘

p

M>J

F



OHQLHZVDGX]QLHGRERUHPWOHQX

λ

=÷ Z drugiej (wtórnej) komorze gazoweM

SURGXNW\UR]NáDGXGRSDODM VL ]QDGPLDUHPSRZLHWU]D ÷ :FHOXXWU]\

PDQLDZSDOHQLVNXWHPSHUDWXU\÷ƒ&RELHNRPRU\VSDODQLD V Z\SRVD RQH

ZGRGDWNRZHSDOQLNLGRVSDODQLDROHMXOXEJD]X

=DOHW\SDOHQLVNNRPRURZ\FK

SURVWDEXGRZD

QLHZLHONLNRV]W

áDWZR üREVáXJL

áDWZR üNRQWURORZDQLDZDUXQNyZVSDODQLD

:DG\SDOHQLVNNRPRURZ\FK

U F]QDREVáXJD

PDáDZ\GDMQR ü



3DOHQLVNDUXV]WRZH

3DOHQLVNDUXV]WRZH]GHF\GRZDQLHSU]HZD DM Z UyGXU] G]H GRVSDODQLDLRGJD

]RZDQLDUy QHJRW\SXRGSDGyZ,VWQLHMHZLHOHNRQVWUXNFMLUXV]WyZGRVSDODQLDRGSD

GyZGRQDMZD QLHMV]\FKQDOH SDOHQLVND]UXV]WHP U\V 

D WD PRZRNDVNDGRZ\P

E SRVXZLVW\POXESRVXZLVWR]ZURWQ\P

F ZDOFRZ\P



S6TUIVWV

X9YVZ\[

] ^

_

`IUba_6c

Td T/e#fUba$c

ghji$c

[

k1lh2l m

n[Ubn[$olh/T pdl Ubfh/^

U#c

l m

a$he@lc

]T^h[$q

r$lh-T



5XV]W\ GR VSDODQLD RGSDGyZ SRZLQQ\ FKDUDNWHU\]RZDü VL  GX  SRZLHU]FKQL 

RUD]XPR OLZLDü PLHV]DQLH RGSDGyZ SRGF]DV VSDODQLD'R VSDODQLDRGSDGyZ NR

PXQDOQ\FK QDMF] FLHM V  VWRVRZDQH VFKRGNRZH UXV]W\ SRVXZLVWH L SRVXZLVWR

]ZURWQH >@ 2EFL HQLH FLHSOQH W\FK UXV]WyZ Z ]DOH QR FL RG URG]DMX RGSDGX

PLH FLVL Z]DNUHVLH÷0:P

Š

QDWRPLDVWLFKREFL HQLHPDVRZHQLHSRZLQQR

SU]HNUDF]Dü  J P

Š

·

V  >@ 3U]\ WDN ]QDF]Q\P REFL HQLX FLHSOQ\P UXV]W\

ZGX \FKSDOHQLVNDFKV FKáRG]RQH

=HZ]JO GXQDMDNR ü VSDODQLDORWQ\FKSURGXNWyZUR]NáDGXRGSDGyZ GRSDODQLH

&2Z JORZRGRUyZLSRZVWDZDQLHGLRNV\QLIXUDQyZ ZD QDMHVWRUJDQL]DFMDSU]H

background image

SJlaoa^

[9sW



Sá\ZXVSDOLQZSDOHQLVNXQDGUXV]WHP=WHJRZ]JO GXZ\Uy QLDVL SDOHQLVND]SU]H

Sá\ZHPVSDOLQ

ZVSyáSU GRZ\P

SU]HFLZSU GRZ\P

PLHV]DQ\P U\V 



S6TUIVWV

XXVItu[$q

_9] ^

U#nle#fUba$c

lh2_6aJk1^

_Ua[9]Tkdea_9d s

Th2_IkUd[$q

^

]

: SDOHQLVNX UXV]WRZ\P RGSDG\ SU]HFKRG]  SU]H] WU]\ VWUHI\ WHPSHUDWXURZH

Z SLHUZV]HM VWUHILH RGE\ZD VL  LFK VXV]HQLH Z GUXJLHM RGJD]RZDQLH L VSDODQLH

DZRVWDWQLHMGRSDODQLH>@'ODGREUHJRZ\SDOHQLDQDGPLDUSRZLHWU]DSRZLQLHQ

]DZLHUDüVL Z]DNUHVLH÷GODWHJRZFHOXXWU]\PDQLDZ\PDJDQHMWHPSHUDWX

U\VSDODQLD ÷°& VDPRSDOHQLVNRPR HE\üWHUPLF]QLHL]RORZDQHLZ\áR R

QHPDWHULDáHPRJQLRWUZDá\P

=DOHW\SDOHQLVNUXV]WRZ\FK

GX DQLH]DZRGQR ü

V]HURNL]DNUHV]PLDQREFL HQLDFLHSOQHJR

PR OLZR üVSDODQLDRGSDGyZRUy Q\FKZ\PLDUDFKLZUy QHMIRUPLH

QLHZ\PDJDM ]QDF]QHJRUR]GUREQLHQLDRGSDGyZ

:DG\SDOHQLVNUXV]WRZ\FK

VNRPSOLNRZDQ\QDS G

Z\PDJDM VWDUDQQHMNRQVHUZDFML

GX \NRV]W

3DOHQLVNDIOXLGDOQH

3DOHQLVNDIOXLGDOQH]QDMGXM FRUD]ZL NV]H]DVWRVRZDQLHGRVSDODQLDUy QHJRW\SX

RGSadów. 1DGDM  VL  ]ZáDV]F]D do spalania odpadów bardzo wilgoWnych: odpadów

background image

v6wx+yw@z|{{

}I~-

x€y

y‚{

ƒ



FLHNá\FKLV]ODPyZRUD]UR]GUREQLRQ\FKRGSDGyZVWDá\FK6WRVXMHVL SDOHQLVNDIOX

LGDOQH]H]áR HPS FKHU]\NRZ\PLF\UNXOXM F\PRUD]VSHFMDOQHNRQVWUXNFMHSDOHQLVND

IOXLGDOQHJR>@

3DOHQLVNDIOXLGDOQHPDM GX H]DVWRVRZDQLHGRVSDODQLDRVDGyZ FLHNRZ\FK U\V

D  'REUH PLHV]DQLH L NRQWDNW ] GX  SRZLHU]FKQL  PDWHULDáX ]áR D ]DSHZQLDM 

SHáQHZ\SDOHQLHSU]\QLHZLHONLPQDGPLDU]HSRZLHWU]D ÷ 3U]HVWU]H QDG]áR

HPXáDWZLDGRSDOHQLHORWQ\FKVXEVWDQFMLRUJDQLF]Q\FKL&2']L NLGX HMSRMHPQR FL

FLHSOQHM]áR DSURFHVVSDODQLDMHVWPDáRZUD OLZ\QD]PLDQ\VWUXmienia odpadów i ich

ZáD FLZR FLSDOQ\FK,VWQLHM WDN HVSHF\ILF]QHUR]ZL ]DQLDSDOHQLVNIOXLGDOQ\FKGR

VSDlania odpadów, nDSU]\NáDGZF\UNXODF\MQ\P URWXM F\P ]áR XIOXLGDOQ\P U\V

E 1LHNWyUHILUP\NRWáRZHUR]ZLMDM IOXLGDOQ WHFKQLN VSDODQLDZ]DVWRVRZDQLX

GRRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FKLSRFKRGQ\FK HE\E\áDRQDNRQNXUHQF\MQDZVWRVXQNXGR

SDOHQLVNUXV]WRZ\FK>@:SU]\SDGNXWHJRW\SXRGSDGyZQLH]E GQHMHVWLFKVWDUDQ

QHSU]\JRWRZDQLHGRVSDODQLDSU]H]VHJUHJDFM LUR]GUREQLHQLH



[I„

…„





S6TUIVWV

X†V$t"[$q

_9]^

U#n['‡

q

f^

o [$q

]_i[I„"olUbd[$q

[9] ^

[Jl U@[$ogh

r$^

_9nlh-T r9ˆp

…„"a_6a$s

l

_9k‰rITebn f q

[$r9T@`@]Tk‹Š

e@lc

f`

rTk1„€Œ

 Ž



=DOHW\SDOHQLVNIOXLGDOQ\FK

GáXJLF]DVSU]HE\ZDQLDZSDOHQLVNX

GREUDVNXWHF]QR üZ\SDOHQLDPLPRQLVNLHMWHPSHUDWXU\VSDODQLD RN°& 

background image

SJlaoa^

[9sW



PR OLZR üVSDODQLDRGSDGyZR]DZDUWR FLZRG\GR

SURVWRWDNRQVWUXNFML

:DG\SDOHQLVNIOXLGDOQ\FK

WUXGQR FLHNVSORDWDF\MQH

VNRPSOLNRZDQ\XNáDGSRGDZDQLDSDOLZD

GX DHPLVMDS\áX

Z\PDJDM DXWRPDW\NL



3LHFHREURWRZH

3DOHQLVNDREURWRZHW\SXSLHFFHPHQWRZ\PDM SRVWDüGáXJLHJRSRFK\áHJRF\OLQGUD

REUDFDM FHJR VL  U\V   7\SRZH SDOHQLVNR REURWRZH GR VSDODQia odpadów ma

÷P UHGQLF\L÷PGáXJR FL&HUDPLF]QDZ\NáDG]LQD]PDWHULDáyZWHUPR

RGSRUQ\FKXPR OLZLDX]\VNDQLHZSDOHQLVNXWHPSHUDWXU\°&>@2EFL HQLH

FLHSOQHSLHFDREURWRZHJRVL JD÷N:P



 3LHFHREURWRZH]QDOD]á\]DVWRVRZD

QLHSU]HGHZV]\VWNLPGRVSDODQLDLRGJD]RZDQLDRGSDGyZFLHNá\FK SRUR]S\OHQLX 

V]ODPyZLSDVWRUD]RGSDGyZVWDá\FK

3LHFHREURWRZH]DSHZQLDM GREUHZ\SDOHQLHF] FLVWDá\FKDOHQDVNXWHNVáDEHJR

PLHV]DQLD]SRZLHWU]HPZ\SDOHQLH JD]yZQLHMHVW]DGRZDODM FHGODWHJR ]Z\NOH ]D

SDOHQLVNLHP REURWRZ\P ]QDMGXMH VL  ZWyUQDNRPRUDVSDODQLD Z NWyUHM GRSDODQH V 

JD]\ U\V =HZ]JO GXQDQLHGX Z\GDMQR üSLHFHREURWRZHU]DGNRV X \ZDQH

do spalania odpadów komunalnych,

F] VWRQDWRPLDVWV VWRVRZDQHGRVSDODQLDRGSD

dów niebezpiec

]Q\FK



=HZ]JO GXQDSU]HSá\ZVSDOLQZSLHFXREURWRZ\PUR]Uy QLDVL VSDODQLH

ZVSyáSU GRZH RGSDGyZ R GX HM ]DZDUWR FL F] FL ORWQ\FK L ZDUWR FL RSDáRZHM

SRQDGN-NJ

S6TUIVW V

XI‘V ’ r9ˆ_9k1[9c“^

]Uc

[$q

[$r

`9^ol2U#d[$q

[9] ^

[

odpadów z piecem obrotowym

background image

v6wx+yw@z|{{

}I~-

x€y

y‚{

ƒ



SU]HFLZSU GRZHRGSDGyZRPDáHM]DZDUWR FLF] FLORWQ\FKLZDUWR FLRSDáRZHM

PQLHMV]HMRGN-NJ

Zalety pieców obrotowych:



EDUG]RGREUHZ\SDOHQLH

XQLZHUVDOQR ü QDGDM VL GRVSDODQLDRGSDGyZVWDá\FKFLHNá\FKLV]ODmów), 

GX \]DNUHVWHPSHUDWXU\VSDODQLD÷°&

GáXJLF]DVSU]HE\ZDQLD ÷K 

PR OLZR üVSDODQLDRGSDGyZRZLOJRWQR FLGR

PR OLZR üVSDODQLDRGSDGyZRUy Q\FKNV]WDáWDFKLUR]PLDUDFK

Wady pieców obrotowych:



VNRPSOLNRZDQDNRQVWUXNFMD NRQLHF]QR üQDS GX 

PDáDZ\GDMQR ü≤0JK

3LHFHSyáNRZH

3LHFH SyáNRZH WR VSHF\ILF]QH NRQVWUXNFMH SU]H]QDF]RQH GR VSDODQLD RGpadów 

ZSRVWDFLV]ODPyZ RVDG\]H FLHNyZRVDG\WáXV]F]RZHROHMHLWS 0R QDVSDODü

ZQLFKEDUG]RZLOJRWQHRGSDG\DQDZHWUR]GUREQLRQHRGSDG\VWDáH>@

3LHF SyáNRZ\ MHVW VWDORZ\P Z\áR RQ\P ZHZQ WU] PDWHULDáHP RJQLRWUZDá\P

F\OLQGUHP]]DPRFRZDQ\PLRGGRSyáNDPL U\V &HQWUDOQLHREUDFDVL 

ZQLPFKáRG]RQ\SRZLHWU]HPZDá]XPRFRZDQ\PLGRQLHJRJUDELDPLNWyUHVáX 

GRSU]HV\S\ZDQLDRGSDGyZ]SyáNLQDSyáN 3RGDZDQHQDQDMZ\ V] SyáN RGSDG\

SU]HPLHV]F]DM VL VWRSQLRZRZGyáSLHFDZSU]HFLZSU G]LHGRJRU F\FKVSDOLQ3R

Z\VXV]HQLX Z JyUQHM F] FL SLHFD SU]HV\

S\ZDQH V  GR VWUHI\ VSDODQLD ÷ °& 

DQDVW SQLHGRVWUHI\GRSDODQLD8GRáXSLHFD

SRSLyá MHVW FKáRG]RQ\ L JDV]RQ\ Z RG X OD

F]X=HZ]JO GXQDPDá Z\GDMQR üL]áR RQ 

EXGRZ SLHFHSyáNRZHV ]DVW SRZDQHSDOHQL

VNDPLREURWRZ\PLLIOXLGDOQ\PL

=DOHW\SLHFyZSyáNRZ\FK

G]L NLLVWQLHQLXVWUHI\VXV]HQLDSR]ZDODM 

VSDODüEDUG]RZLOJRWQHSDOLZD

GáXJLF]DVSU]HE\ZDQLD

GREUHZ\SDOHQLH

:DG\SLHFyZSyáNRZ\FK

VNRPSOLNRZDQDNRQVWUXNFMD

LVWQLHQLHQDS GyZ

PDáDZ\GDMQR ü

GX \NRV]W

S6TUIVWV

X9V$tu^

_$r+dgs

nlh-T

WV

X9VIt"^

_r+dgs

nlh-T

background image

SJlaoa^

[9sW



=DNUHV]DVWRVRZD SDOHQLVNGRVSDODQLDRGSDGyZ

,QVWDODFMHWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDRGSDGyZSRZLQQ\E\üZ\SRVD RQHZSDOH

niska odpowiednie dla danego typu odpadów. W tabeli 9.15 podano zakres zastos

R

wania podstawowych typów palenisk do inst

DODFML732 :DUWRMHGQDNZLHG]LHü H

ILUP\RIHUXM FHLQVWDODFMH732SUHIHUXM ZáDVQHUR]ZL ]DQLDWHFKQLF]QHNWyUH]Z\NOH

SU]\VWRVRZXM GRVSDODQLDUy QHJRW\SXRGSDGyZ

”)[…_$q

['WV

X$Ž

•+[9ne@_$U–a[U#c

l U@lh[9] ^

[+d[$q

_9]^

U#n1olc

_9e#k1^

rIa$] _$—l-d e#a_9nUba$c

[s

r$[9] ^

[Jlod[Iogh˜Œ

Ž

Rodzaj odpadów

”uTd2d[$q

_9] ^

Ubn[

nlk%f][$q

]_

Ua$d^

c

[$q

] _

] ^

_9…_Ia$d^

_r9a$]_

lU9[$oT

r$^

_9nlh/_

S+fUa$c

lh2_

∗∗

]

t"^

_$r$_'l…e@lc

lh2_

∗∗

™q

f^

o[$q

]_

]

∗∗

t"^

e@lq

^

c

T rIa$]_

∗∗

∗∗ –

dlo Ubc

[9h2lh2_$—ld eba_Ia$][$r9a_9]^

[p

∗ –

Ubc

l U@lh2[9]_p]

]^

_U#c

lUlh[9]_



,QQHNU\WHULXPRFHQ\SU]\GDWQR FLSRV]F]HJyOQ\FKW\SyZSDOHQLVNGRVSDODQLDRG

SDGyZRSLHUDVL QDLFKFHFKDFKIL]\F]Q\FK WDE 

”)[9…_$q

[WV

X9š

•€[9n e_$U–a[Ubc

l U@lh[9]^

[+d[$q

_9] ^

U#n1ol2Ud[$q

[9]^

[Jlod[$ogh›a[$q

_

] ^

_'lo/^

r9ˆ1Ubc

[9]fjŒ@X$œ

”"Td2d[$q

_9]^

Ubn[

Rodzaj odpadów

nlkjlelh2_

Uc

ebfk%^

_9]^

lh2_

nlkjlelh2_

dea_9dTr9ˆlh/_

l… elc

lh2_

‡

q

f^

o [$q

]_

’c

[9s

_i

a^

[e#]^

Ubc

_p#`9_$o]lelo]_p

]^

_9e@_$—fq

[9eb] _p—e#f…_p

a$h2^

aIn^le— [9]^

r9a$]_

a'c

ldq

^

h-Tkdld^

ls

_IkV

ž

[Ialh2_i

r$^

n^

_'ld[e#Tle— [9] ^

rIa$]_p

Ÿ

^

_9n s

_i

r$^

_r9a_'l$e@— [9] ^

r9a$]_p

h2l o]_ lod[$oT.a¡of

Tk

foa^

[9s

_9k‰rIa

r$^l$e@— [9] ^

r9a$]_

`V

’c

[9s

_9¢

Ubaq

[9k%Ti

Ubaq

[9k2T











∗ −

Uc

l U@lh[9]_

background image

v6wx+yw@z|{{

}I~-

x€y

y‚{

ƒ



6SDODUQLHRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FK

,QVWDODFMHWHUPLF]QHMXW\OL]DFML SU]HNV]WDáFDQLD RGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FK 782. 

G]LHOLVL QDGZLHNDWHJRULH>@

W\SXPDVRZHJRGRVSDODQLDQLHprzetworzonych odpadów MDNSU]\FKRG] 

do spalania paliw z odpadów typu PAKOM (RDF).





,QVWDODFMH728.W\SXPDVRZHJR

: LQVWDODFMDFK 782. W\SX PDVRZHJR WHUPLF]QH SU]HWZDU]DQLH RGE\ZD VL 

SU]H]

D VSDODQLHMHGQRVWDGLRZH

E VSDODQLHGZXVWDGLRZH V\VWHPPRGXáRZ\ 

$GD  -HVWWR REHFQLH QDMF] FLHM VWRVRZDQ\ V\VWHP WHUPLF]QHJR SU]HNV]WDáFDQLD

odpadów, w którym kompletne spalanie jest realizowane w pojedynczym palenisku.

3U]\MPXMHVL  HHNRQRPLF]QLHX]DVDGQLRQDG]LHQQDZ\GDMQR üWHJRW\SXLQVWDODFML

782.SRZLQQDZ\QRVLüFRQDMPQLHM0J>@7DNGX Z\GDMQR üVSDODQLDQLH

SU]HWZRU]RQ\FK RGSDGyZ NRPXQDOQ\FK PR QD RVL JQ ü Z SDOHQLVNDFK UXV]WRZ\FK

OXEIOXLGDOQ\FK:NUDMDFK8(ZVSDODUQLDFKW\SXPDVRZHJR]GHF\GRZDQLHSU]HZD

DM SDOHQLVNDUXV]WRZHDOHUR]ZLMDVL WDN HIOXLGDOQDWHFKQRORJLDVSDODQLDW\FKRG

padów [20].



$GE :VSDODUQLDFKW\SXPRGXáRZHJRVSDODQLHQLHprzetworzonych odpadów oG

E\ZDVL GZXVWDGLRZR

ZSLHUZV]\PVWDGLXPVSDODQLHRGE\ZDVL ]QLHGRPLDUHPWOHQX

λ

=÷ 

ZGUXJLPVWDGLXPGRSDODQHV SURGXNW\SLUROL]\]QDGPLDUHPSRZLHWU]D

: VWRVXQNX GR V\VWHPX MHGQRVWDGLRZHJR VSDODQLD RGSDGyZ V\VWHP PRGXáRZ\

XPR OLZLDOHSV] NRQWURO ZDUXQNyZWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDRGSDGyZRUD]FKD

UDNWHU\]XMHVL PQLHMV]\PS\OHQLHP%DUG]LHM]áR RQDNRQVWUXNFMDPRGXáRZHJRZ ]áD

WHUPLF]QHJR SU]HNV]WDáFDQLD RGSDGyZ SRZRGXMH H Z\SRVD RQH Z QLH LQVWDODFMH

782.PDM PQLHMV] G]LHQQ Z\GDMQR üRGGR0J>@:SLHUZV]\PSLUROL

W\F]Q\P VWDGLXP VSDODQLD ]DVWRVRZDQLH ]QDOD]á\ SDOHQLVND UXV]WRZH NRPRURZH

LSLHFHREURWRZH WDE 

”)[…_$q

['WV

XI£

SJloa[

`€d[$q

_9]^

U#n[+h¤]^

_9n

tórych instalacjach TUOK

¥

]Ubc

[$q

[$r

`[

SJloa[

`€deba_9c

h2[eba[9]^

[

Ÿ

a

¦+d^

elq

^

c

TrIa$][J^

]Ubc

[$q

[$r

`^

Öko

m

ž

[$U@m

§-_9e‡#[9ˆe@_9]

’ r9ˆh2_$q

m

¨+e_9]]m

§/_e@‡#[9ˆe_9]

”"ˆ_9e#k1lU_$q

_r9c

©'flc

ˆ _9ebk

ª%«'¬–­)­€m

nl] ®_9eU@^

l]® _9e‡

[9ˆe_9]

a—[9alh[9]^

_'^U#d[$q

[9] ^

_

d^

elq

^

a['^U#d[$q

[9]^

_

d^

elq

^

a[J^ a— [9alh2[9]^

_

d^

elq

^

a['^U#d[$q

[9]^

_

d^

elq

^

a[J^ a— [9alh2[9]^

_

a$s

l

_'‡#q

f^

o [$q

]_

d^

_r'l…e@lc

lh-T

d[$q

_9]^

Unl-nlk1lelh2_

d[$q

_9]^

Ubnle#fUba$c

lh/_

d^

_r'l…e@lc

lh-T

background image

SJlaoa^

[9sW



,VWQLHMHGUXJLZDULDQWPRGXáRZ\FKLQVWDODFML782.ZNWyU\PUHDOL]RZDQHV RSH

racje: pirolizy i zgazowania odpadów. W celu uzyskania wymaganego s

WRSQLD]JD]R

ZDQLD C w popiele) w niektórych instalacjach TUOK wymagane jest wzbogacD

QLHSRZLHWU]DWOHQHP:Z\QLNXRWU]\PXMHVL RF]\V]F]RQHSDOLZRJD]RZH]EOL RQH

ZáD FLZR FLDPL GR JD]X V\QWH]RZHJR .LOND LQVWDODFML 782. W\SX SLUROLW\F]QHJR

7KHUPRVHOHFW12(OO.RQYHUVLRQVYHUIDKUHQL3.$9HUIDKUHQ–RSLVDQRZSUDFDFK

>@:FHOXLOXVWUDFMLQDU\VXQNXSU]HGVWDZLRQRZXSURV]F]HQLXVWUXNWX

U LQVWDODFML7KHUPRVHOHFWRUD]MHMZ ]HáWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HWZDU]DQLDRGSDGyZ



¯6°±²°9³

´

²Iµ

¶#·9¸9·9²9¹º

»

¼+½

²¹¾¿

²À

Á

±Â

³¹¹º

»@¹º

»

¾

¿

²

¯6°µ²@·IÃ$Ä'²@¹º

»

600–

800 °C

´

µ²9·9Ã$Ä'²¹º

»

1200–16

00 °C

¼6²9·

ŖÆÂ

ð$·I»¹º

»

¯6¸·³¶

·$¸@·$²@¹º

»

¯J¶

¾¶

·$²@¹º

»

Ç

ð²

È

»9¾IÀ

½

²¿

º

·9²9¸

É@²

Ê

º

¿

À

½

²¸

É@²

Ë

ù°»@¹¶#²@À

¼+²9·

³¹À

»9·9Ã$Ā³

Ì9Í

ÎÍ

Ï

Ð

Ñ

Ñ

°

Ò

~50 °C

>800 °C

¼6²9·

Ó·I¿

²Ô²

Õ

¿

»¹

¯6°±²°³

1200 °C

1600-2000 °C

WV

XIŽV¥

]Ubc

[Iq

[$r

`['”uˆ _ebk%l U@_$q

_r9ci[I„“fde@l UbarIal]T%Ur9ˆ_9kj[9c

p…„h

a_9s deba_9ebg…n^c

_9e#k1^

rIa$] _

`6lod[$ogh



=DOHW\LQVWDODFML782.W\SXSLUROLW\F]QHJR

PQLHMV]D HPLVMD WRNV\F]Q\FK ]DQLHF]\V]F]H  RUJDQLF]Q\FK 3&''V3&')V

3&%VL::$ 

OHSV]DPR OLZR üXVXZDQLD]JD]yZSLUROLW\F]Q\FKNZD Q\FKJD]yZ 62

Ö

+

Ö

6

+&O+) 

PR OLZR ü]HV]NOHQLDSRSLRáyZL X OL

:DG\LQVWDODFML782.W\SXSLUROLW\F]QHJR

]QDF]QDNRPSOLNDFMDLQVWDODFMLZSRUyZQDQLX]NRQZHQFMRQDOQ VSDODUQL 

NRQLHF]QR üZ]ERJDFDQLDSRZLHWU]DWOHQHP

WUXGQR FLZ]DJRVSRGDURZDQLXJD]XSLUROLW\F]QHJR

GX HNRV]W\LQZHVW\F\MQHLHNVSORDWDF\MQH



,QVWDODFMH728.GRVSDODQLDSDOLZRGSDGRZ\FKW\SX3$.20 5') 

=Z\NOH uzyskiwane z odpadów SDOLZD W\SX 3$.20 5') PDM  ]UHGXNRZDQH

UR]PLDU\RUD]]DZLHUDM PQLHMZLOJRFLLQLHSDOQ\FKVNáDGQLNyZQL RGSDG\FR]QDF]

background image

v6wx+yw@z|{{

}I~-

x€y

y‚{

ƒ



QLH SU]\EOL D LFK ZáD FLZR FL GR ZáD FLZR FL Z JOD L XáDWZLD VSDODQLH 1DMF] FLHM

VWRVXMHVL GRVSDODQLDÄSDOLZ]RGSDdów” paleniska rusztowe i fluidalne [@3DOLZD

RGSDGRZH3$.20]RGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FKPRJ WDN HE\üVSDODQHZNRWáDFKS\

áRZ\FKSRQLHZD SRGGDM VL PLHOHQLXMDNZ JOH

2GG]LDá\ZDQLHLQVWDODFML782.QD URGRZLVNRQDWXUDOQH

5y QRURGQ\VNáDGRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FKZ\VW SXM F\ZQLFKFKORULSLHUZLDVWNL

FL NLH RUD] WUXGQH ZDUXQNL LFK VSDODQLD VSRZRGRZDQH GX \P XG]LDáHP ZLOJRFL

L VNáDGQLNyZ QLHSDOQ\FK SRZRGXM  H ZD QD MHVW NRQWUROD HPLVML ]DQLHF]\V]F]H 

]LQVWDODFML782.2EDZ\EXG]L]ZáDV]F]DHPLVMDQLHNWyU\FK]DQLHF]\V]F]H RUJD

QLF]Q\FK 3&''V3&')V ::$ L /=2  %H]SLHF]H VWZR SUDF\ LQVWDODFML VSDODQLD

RGSDGyZ]DSHZQLDVL SU]H]

D ]DSHZQLHQLHRGSRZLHGQLFKZDUXQNyZWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDRGSDGyZ

E VWRVRZDQLHLQVWDODFMLXVXZDM F\FK]DQLHF]\V]F]HQLD]HVSDOLQ

F NRQWURO HPLVML]DQLHF]\V]F]H ]728.

:VSyáF]HVQH LQVWDODFMH 782. ]DSHZQLDM  ]PQLHMV]HQLH XG]LDáX VXEVWDQFML V]NR

GOLZ\FKZVSDOLQDFK]QDF]QLHSRQL HMSR]LRPXRJUDQLF]H RNUH ORQ\FKRGSRZLHGQLPL

DNWDPLSUDZQ\PL

: Z\QLNX WHUPLF]nego przetwarzania odpadów komunalnych powstaje znaczna

LOR ü

X OyZ ÷NJ0J

odpadów



ORWQ\FKSRSLRáyZ ÷NJ0J

odpadów



X OHLSRSLRá\]LQVWDODFML782.]RVWDá\]DOLF]RQHGRRGSDGyZQLHEH]SLHF]Q\FK

>@SRQLHZD ]DZLHUDM UR]SXV]F]DOQHVROHPHWDOLFL NLFK =Q1L&X)H&U&G

L3E DRGFLHNL]QLFKZ\ND]XM REHFQR üIHQROLVLDUF]NyZFKOorków i fluorków [@

1DF] VWNDFKORWQ\FKSRSLRáyZNRQGHQVXM QDWRPLDVW::$L3&''V3&')V>@

3URZDG] FZRVWDWQLHMID]LHSU]HWZDU]DQLDVSDODQLHRGSDGyZ]X \FLHPWOHQXPR QD

X]\VNDüSU]HWRSLRQHSRSLRá\NWyUHV EH]SLHF]QHGRVNáDGRZDQLDRUD]QDGDM VL Z\

NRU]\VWDQLD>@

6SUDZQR üHQHUJHW\F]QD782.

1DMZD QLHMV]H]DGDQLDLQVWDODFML782.WRXQLHV]NRGOLZLHQLHRGSDGyZRUD]]UHGX

NRZDQLHLFKREM WR FLLPDV\DOHFRUD]ZL NV] XZDJ ]ZUDFDVL QDRG]\VNHQHUJLL

SRQLHZD  SR]ZDOD WR ]PQLHMV]\ü NRV]W\ SU]HWZDU]DQLD RGSDGyZ 'X H LQVWDODFMH

782.QLHW\ONRGRVWDUF]DM FLHSáRQDSRWU]HE\NRPXQDOQHDOHSR]ZDODM QDJHQHUD

FM HQHUJLLHOHNWU\F]QHMRPRF\NLONXG]LHVL FLXPHJDZDWyZ

6SUDZQR üHQHUJHW\F]QDSU]HWZDU]DQLDRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FKQLHMHVWGX DSR

QLHZD QLHMHVWWRGREUHSDOLZRMHVWZQLPGX RZLOJRFLLF] FLQLHSDOQ\FK6SDODQLH

RGSDGyZ]Z\NOHRGE\ZDVL ]GX \PQDGPLDUHPSRZLHWU]DDREFL HQLHNRWáDF] VWR

E\ZDRGOHJáHRGQRPLQDOQHJR–WRSRZRGXMH HWHPSHUDWXUDZSDOHQLVNXMHVWQLVND

U\V   6SUDZQR ü RG]\VNX FLHSáD Z NRWOH UXV]WRZ\P PLH FL VL  Z ]DNUHVLH

÷DVSUDZQR üZ\WZDU]DQLDHQHUJLLHOHNWU\F]QHMQLHSU]HNUDF]D

background image

SJlaoa^

[9sW



S6T U$VWV

XIšVSJlaIn s

[Io-c

_9k2d_9e[9c

febT-h¤nlc

q

_6e#fUaIc

lh-TkolUbd[$q

[9] ^

['lod[$ogh¤nlkf][$q

] T r9ˆ×Œ

£

6SDODUQLHRGSDGyZQLHEH]SLHF]Q\FK

1DMZD QLHMV]\PFHOHPWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDRGSDGyZQLHEH]SLHF]Q\FKMHVW

LFKXQLHV]NRGOLZLHQLHQDWRPLDVWRG]\VNFLHSáDLVXURZFyZWRGUXJRU] GQHFHOH7DND

KLHUDUFKLD ZD QR FL ]QDOD]áD RG]ZLHUFLHGOHQLH Z RNUH OHQLX ZDUXQNyZ WHUPLF]QHJR

SU]HNV]WDácania odpadów niebezpiecznych [@,VWQLHMHGX DUy QRURGQR üPHWRG

WHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDRGSDGyZQLHEH]SLHF]Q\FKGRQDMZD QLHMV]\FKQDOH 

LQF\QHUDFMD VSRSLHODQLH ZSDOHQLVNDFKNRPRURZ\FKSLHFDFKREURWRZ\FKSLH

FDFKSyáNRZ\FKSDOHQLVNDFKIOXLGDOQ\FKLLQQ\FK

SLUROL]D

UR]NáDGWHUPLF]Q\]]DVWRVRZDQLHPSOD]P\

GHWRQDFMD

,QF\QHUDFMDMHVWUR]XPLDQDMDNRZ\VRNRWHPSHUDWXURZ\SURFHVSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDRU

JDQLF]Q\FKVNáDGQLNyZRGSDGyZSU]H]

D VSDODQLH XWOHQLHQLHGR&2

Ö

L+

Ö

2 

E ]JD]RZDQLH JáyZQLHGR&2L+

Ö



'HWRQDFMDMHVWEDUG]RU]DGNRstosowanym sposobem unieszkodliwiania odpadów.

=QDMGXMH]DVWRVRZDQLHSU]HGHZV]\VWNLPGRXQLHV]NRGOLZLDQLDRGSDGRZ\FKPDWHULD

áyZ SLURWHFKQLF]Q\FK >@ DOH PR QD WH  ZVND]Dü SU]\NáDG\ MHM VWRVRZDQLD GR

XQLHV]NRGOLZLDQLDSU]HWHUPLQRZDQ\FK URGNyZRFKURQ\UR OLQ>@

1DZ\EyUSDOHQLVNDLUR]ZL ]DQLDFDáHMLQVWDODFMLWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDRG

SDGyZQLHEH]SLHF]Q\FKZSá\ZDM WDNLHF]\QQLNLMDNVWDQVNXSLHQLDRGSDGyZ VWDáH

FLHNáH SyáSá\QQH  LFK ZDUWR ü RSDáRZD ]DZDUWR ü V]NRGOLZ\FK VNáDGQLków (chlor,

IOXRUVLDUNDLLQQH RUD]PR OLZR üZ\NRU]\VWDQLDFLHSáDRGSDGRZHJR>@

background image

v6wx+yw@z|{{

}I~-

x€y

y‚{

ƒ



'X H]DVWRVRZDQLHGRVSDODQLDQLHEH]SLHF]Q\FKRGSDGyZ]QDOD]á\SLHFHREURWR

ZH]Z\NOHZSRá F]HQLX]ZWyUQ NRPRU dopalania gazów (rys. 9.12). Mimo stosuQ

kowo niskiej temperatury spalania (ok. 850 °C), zadanie termicznej neutralizacji to

N

V\F]Q\FK RGSDGyZ GREU]H VSHáQLDM  SDOHQLVND IOXLGDOQH ']L NL Z\UyZQDQHPX

SURILORZLWHPSHUDWXU\RUD]GREUHPXPLHV]DQLXZ]áR XIOXLGDOQ\PX]\VNXMHVL GX \

VWRSLH QHXWUDOL]DFML QSGODGLRNV\Q >@

(IHNW\ZQR üGDQHMLQVWDODFMLOXEGDQHJRSURFHVXGRWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLD

niebezpiecznych odpadów

'5( DQJDGHVWUXFWLRQDQGUHPRYDOHIILFLHQF\ GHILQLXMH

VL QDVW SXM FR>@

'5(  :

Ø

–:

Ù

:

Ø

·100%,



JG]LH:

Ø

L:

Ú

–VWUXPLHQLHQLHEH]SLHF]Q\FKVNáDGQLNyZRUJDQLF]Q\FKZRGSDGDFK

QDZORFLHGRLQVWDODFMLRUD]Z\SURZDG]DQ\FKGRSRZLHWU]D

:D Q\P SDUDPHWUHP GOD WHUPLF]QHJR SU]HNV]WDáFDQLD RGSDGyZ QLHEH]SLHF]Q\FK

MHVWF]DVSUzebywania odpadów w komorze spalania W

Û

QDSU]\NáDGGODSLHFyZREUR

WRZ\FKF]DVSU]HE\ZDQLDRGSDGyZVWDá\FKPR QDREOLF]Dü]HZ]RUX

W

Û

 / 1'6 

w którym:

/ – GáXJR ü NRPRU\ VSDODQLD ' – UHGQLFD 1 – SU GNR ü REURWRZD

6–N WQDFK\OHQLDNRPRU\ PP >@

ÜÝÞ ß

Þ àá

âãäß

å æ$å$çãåÝåãä“åèàéãä

SJla$dlh2Ua_rˆ]^

_9]^

_êr9ˆ q

lelh[9]TrIˆëh

—q

lhlole@ghìhí— l Ubdlo [9e@r$_|Š

][jdeba$Tn s

[$oît

Ÿ

§-„-dlh2lof`9_p

_

a$][

`9of@`

U^

l]_hl od[Io [r9ˆ%nlk%f][$q

] Tr9ˆj^“Uc

[9]lh2^

lod[$oT%deba_IkTUbs

f×r9ˆ _Ik1^

rIa$] _$— lVZ\[9ebc

l

¦-ld[9s

lh[

r9ˆq

lelhr$ldl r9ˆlo] Tr9ˆJ`I_Ubc"a$][$r9aI][2Šbœp



÷

X$šp

œïîð@¢

n—„poq

[9c

_$—l1^

rˆUbd[$q

[9] ^

_2Ubc

[

`9_/U@^

c

e#fo] _2old^

_9e@l2h^

r9ˆ

olq

]Tkña[9ne_U^

_Vª%[

`h2^

nUba_/a[$—e@l

_9] ^

_2oq

[

e@lolh2^

Un[-][9c

fe@[$q

]_$—ljUc

h[ea[/l…_r9] l

¦2r9ˆq

lebfŠ#ol×£ Yò„bp

Unfc

n f@`

r[_9k%^

U

`

o^

lnUT]^–‡

fe@[]ghìŒ@X$œ@V te@lr$_UU#d[Iq

[9]^

[%r9ˆq

le@lh2[9]Tr9ˆjh

—q

lh2l ole@ghdlh2^

] ^

_9]×h/^

r

dea_9… ^

_$— [¦6h.c

[n^

r9ˆ/h[e#f]n[$r9ˆp

_9… T%loaTUbn[$¦'r9ˆq

le@pa$h-Tnq

_6h¤dl Ubc

[rI^r9ˆq

le@lh2lolebfŒXœp“XIW@V

”)_9e#k1^

rIa$]_

`fc

T q

^

a[$r

`9^)r9ˆq

le@lh2[9]Tr9ˆh

—q

lhloleghdl

h2^

r$l]l1h2^

_$q

_/d e@[$rphn c

gebTr9ˆê[9][$q

^

alh[]l

c

[9n

_-ol…ge)d[$q

_9]^

Ubn"V$ª%['deba$Tns

[Ioj‡

^

e#kj[%’c

_$^

nmüller przedsta

h2^

s

[6dlebgh-][9] ^

_2Ubnfc

_rIa]l

r$^"c

_9ek1^

r$a$]_—l

d ea_InUac

[9s

r[9]^

[c

hlebaTh‰U@ac

frIa$] TrIˆ1c

Td f×t

Ÿ

§ŠbŽ£ò

Ÿ

q

„)h!eg

]_I—lc

Td f%d[$q

_9] ^

U#n[$r9ˆ1h˜Ubn[$q

^lo1†%ol1Ž

^h/Te@g

] ^

s

[Jd^

_$rl…e@lc

lh/T+`9[9nl/][

`@…[eoa^

_

`6Unfc

_r9a$]T%Š

c

[9…“VWV

X$œ„+Œ

 ŽV9ª%[Jk1l

q

^

h/l

¦Ubd[$q

[9]^

[Jh2^

q

—lc

]_—l

][$o r9ˆq

le[9]f1[9k1l]lh2_—l-h¤d^

_r9f%l… e@lc

lh-Tk˜hUbn[9a[]l-h¤de[$r9T1Œ

ŽWV

”)[…_$q

[JWV

Xœ

«r$_9][6d[$q

_9]^

U#n1olc

_9e#k1^

rIa$] _—l-d e#a_9c

h[e#a[9]^

[+c

h2leba$ThUba$c

fr9a$]Tr9ˆc

Td f2t

Ÿ

ZóŠ

][+dlo UbcbV Œ

 Ž#„

tu[Iq

_9]^

U#nl

telr$_U€Ubd[$q

[9]^

[ôZ¡Td[$q

_9]^

_ôZõTo [

`@] l

¦Jö

Ÿ

q÷«oaITUn1r$^

_9d s

[øt"lalUbc

[9s

l

r$^

S+fUa$c

lh2_

™“q

f ^

o [$q

] _

t“Ts

lh2_

tu^

_$rJl…elc

lh-T



Ž





†

Ž



Ž

‘

†

†

Ž

‘







†

†

‘

Ž

Ž

…[eoal2ol… Tp

ol… e#Tp ‘

ol Ubc

[9c

_$rIa$]Tp†

]^

_$ol Ubc

[c

_r9a$]T

background image

SJlaoa^

[9sW



ù

àúûÞß

Þãü9â'èå2ß

á

ýçá

èÞãüIá þ

ã9ÿâ$ýjá û

úbÿã9ÿç›ÿIç%á

âæ9ÿ

ãIéãä

’n s#[oêrIˆ_$kj^

r$a] Tê^€h-s#[

r^

h2l

r^+‡#^

aTr$a]_1k

r$a_Inîk1^

U]lm

nl Uc

]TrIˆî^)c

s

fU@a

czów zwie

ea

rITrIˆ Š

c#[9…uV

WV

£„'dlh2l of`

h2T k×[—]^

[j^

]oTh^

of[q

]_— lîUdl U9l…fë^

r$ˆ U@d[q

[I]^

[V“©-f

[1h[Iec

l

¦×ld“[Is

lh%[%c

TrIˆ l od“[m

o ghìdlh%l of9`9_p

_×dlU@af n f9`$_|U^

Udl U9l…ghí^

rIˆëh2TnleaTUc#[I]^

[`$[Inl|d“[q

^

h%[îŒXXI9Vu¥bUc

]^

_

`$_×k×l

q

^

hl

¦

Ud“[q

[I]^

[jq

f …îh%Udgs#Ud[$q

[I]^

[1k

r$a_Inîk1^

U]lm

nl Uc

]TrIˆë^€c

s

fU@ar$agh

ah^

_Ie@a

r$TrIˆêh

][Uc

d f9`

r_— l|c

Td f

^

]Uc#[$q

[r

`$[r9ˆui

Ubd[$q

[e#]^

_'lod[$ogh›a$h2^

_e#a

r9Tr9ˆp

Ubd[$q

[e#]^

_'lU9[$ogh

r$^

_9nlh-Tr9ˆp

_$q

_9n c

e@lh]^

_6h

—q

lh/_p

r$_9k1_I]c

lh/] ^

_V

’c

h/^

_9e@oal]l p

_2][

`9q

_9dUa$Tkñd[$q

_9]^

Ubn^

_9kìUd[$q

[9]^

[-k

r9a_9n×k%^

Ub]lm

nl Ubc

]T r9ˆ|^"c

s

fUar9agh‰aIh2^

_9e#a

rTr9ˆ

`9_Ubc)d^

_$r%l… elc

lh-T puoq

[9c

_$—l1d^

_r$_1r$_9k%_I]c

lh2_1U

hT

korzystywane do utylizacji tego typu odpadów [1

X9@V

ª1[%ebTUbf]n f WV

X$£deba_$o Ubc

[9h/^

l]lëU@r9ˆ_Ik1[9cJ^

]Ubc

[$q

[$r

`9^)de#a_Ia$][$r9al]_

`%olëUbd[$q

[9]^

[%k

r9a_9nîk%^

Ub]l m

nl U#c

]Tr9ˆ

^ c

s

fUbar9agh›a$h2^

_eba

r9Tr9ˆjŒ@XIŽV

S6TUIVW V

XI£V’r9ˆ_9k1[9c“^

]Uc

[$q

[$r

`9^ol2U#d[$q

[9] ^

[+k1^

U] l m

nl Ubc

]Tr9ˆ^ c

s

fUar9agh›a$h/^

_eba

r9Trˆ×Œ@XIŽ9i

¥

fns

[$o2old elh[$oa[9]^

[Jlod[$oghp¥#¥

d^

_rJl…elc

lh-Tp¥

¥#¥

nlr$^

lsd[e@lh-Tp"X

… f]n^

_9e@p†

dlo[

`@]^

n

q

^

kj[9nlh-Tp ‘

d[$q

]^

np

nlk1le[6d[$q

_9]^

Ubnlh[pŽ

d[$q

]^

npš

e#fUba$c“‡

q

f^

o[$q

]Tp£

deba_$—eba_9h2[r9aJd[e

Tp

œ

dlo—eba_9h[$r9a'h2loTp W

lodT q

[r9ap“X9Y

h/_9]c

T q

[9c

le@p“X X

nlk%^

]

¥

]Ubc

[$q

[$r

`9[%Ubns

[$o [%U@^

a%fn s

[$of×dlo [9h[9]^

[%lod[$ogh‰¥#pd ^

_r$[%l…e@lc

lh2_$—l×¥

¥6^unlc

s

[/d[elh2_$—l×¥

¥#¥Vt"^

_$r

l… elc

lhTpl

e@_$o] ^

r9TîXIp

Žk‰^“os

f—l

r$^uœ-kjph/Tnl][9] T%a_/Ubc

[$q

lh/_

`6e#febT%^“^

alq

lh2[9] T%h/_9h/]

c

eba-hTk1fe@gh/m

n

r$_e[9k%^

rIa$]

p+l…e@[r$[|U@^

][r9ˆTq

l] Tîdl oîn

c

_9k

†

°

olîdla^

lkf“V–©/lq

] T nl]^

_r×d^

_r[êl…e@lc

lh2_$—l%`9_Ubc

h-d elh[$oal] Tjol2d[$q

_9]^

Ubn['nlc

s

[Jd[elh2_$—l pn c

ge@_$—lq

_

`

f

q

lh-T6`9_Ubca[nl

rIal]Te#fUa$c

_9k‹‡#q

f^

oTa$f`

r9Tk×V

Z

Ubc

eldlh/_

`6rIa

r$^ d[$q

_9]^

U#n[6fk1^

_Uar9al] T)`9_Ubcd[$q

]^

n/deba$TUbc

l U@lh[9] T2o lUbd[$q

[9]^

[6c

s

fUar9agh1V

ï

rIaIn[6nlUc

]['^^

]]_Ubc

[9s

_'lod[$o$T2a$h2^

_9eba

r$_'U

dlo [9h[9]_'ol-d^

_r[Jl…elc

lh/_$—l ph\n c

gebTkU

UbfUbal]_

^fq

_$— [

`

d^

elq

^

a^

_h[9c

k1l U‡

_ea_'eb_$ofnf`

r$_

`Vte#a$T%nl

r9f%d^

_r[-l…elc

lh2_—ld elofn c

Te@la$n s

[$of%c

_9e#k1^

rIa$] _$m

—lëh-d[$o [

`

olëd[$q

_9]^

Ubn[nlc

s

lh/_$—l pJ—oa^

_îU@^

Ubd[$q

[

`

pJ[n[e#…l]^

a[c/ld[$o [][×e#fUba$c/‡

q

f^

oTa[r9T@`@] T p+][

n c

ge#Tk

Ubd[Iq

[U^

hìdlo [9h2[9]Tk

deba_9a]^

_$—lêdlh2^

_9c

ea$f“VuZõTkj[$— [9]

oq

[U#d[Iq

[9] ^

[— [9aghìd^

e@lq

^

c

TrIa$]Tr9ˆ

c

_9kd_9e[9c

fe

h!d[Iq

_9]^

Ubn fnlc

s

lh/Tk‰a[9d_9h]^

[/Ubd[$q

[9]^

_h!]^

_

`Jc

s

fUbarIagha$h/^

_9eba

r9T r9ˆ“V©/lo [9c

nlh2l2d[$q

_9]^

m

Unl)`9_$UbchTdl U[

l] _6hUbc

[…^

q

^

a$f`

r9T/c

_Ik2d_9e@[9c

fe

d[$q

]^

n1lq

_

`9lh-TjŒXIŽV

background image

v6wx+yw@z|{{

}I~-

x€y

y‚{

ƒ



6SDODUQLHRGSDGyZPHG\F]Q\FK

&HOHPWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLDRGSDGyZPHG\F]Q\FK V]SLWDOQ\FK MHVWLFK

Z\MDáRZLHQLHLVSRSLHOHQLH=]DVDG\VWRVXMHVL V\VWHP\GZXVWRSQLRZHSU]HNV]WDá

FDQLDRGSDGyZSLUROL]DOXE]JD]RZDQLH]F] FLRZ\PVSDODQLHPDQDVW SQLHGRSD

ODQLH SURGXNWyZ UR]NáDGX Z ZDUXQNDFK NRQWURORZDQ\FK WHPSHUDWXUD ! °&

VW HQLHWOHQX!2

Ö

F]DVSU]HE\ZDQLD!V >@5y QHV UR]ZL ]DQLDSLHUZ

szego stopnia obróbki termicznej obróbki odpadów medycznych (reaktora pirol

L

W\F]QHJR >@

UHDNWRU\]H]áR HPSU]HVXZQ\P

UHDNWRU\V]\ERZH

UHDNWRU\REURWRZH

UHDNWRU\IOXLGDOQH

UHDNWRU\SU]HSá\ZRZH

UHDNWRU\NRPRURZH

1DU\VXQNXSRND]DQRSROVNLHUR]ZL ]DQLHZ ]áDWHUPLF]QHMREUyENLRGSDdów

V]SLWDOQ\FKRQLHZLHONLHMZ\GDMQR FL>@



Rys. 9.18. Schemat instalacji spalania odpadów szp

^

c

[$q

]Tr9ˆa_Ja$s

l

_Ikdeba_Ubfh-]Tk

Œ

Ž†


5HDNWRUHPSLUROLW\F]Q\PMHVW]áR HSU]HVXZQHZIRUPLHUXU\]V\SRZHMXPLHV]

F]RQHMZNRPRU]HVSDODQLDJD]yZSLUROLW\F]Q\FK8GRáXUXU\]V\SRZHMMHVWREUR

WRZ\UXV]W2GSDG\ZUXU]H]V\SRZHMSU]HMPXM FFLHSáR]NRPRU\VSDODQLDVXV] 

VL LRGJD]RZXM 3R]RVWDáR üNRNVRZD]V\SXMHVL QDUXV]WGRSDODM F\*D]\SLUR

OLW\F]QH VSDODM  VL  NRPRU]H VSDODQLD RN  °&  D QDVW SQLH SU]HSá\ZDM  GR

NRPRU\GRSDODQLD °& 6WDELOQR üVSDODQLD]DSHZQLDSRPRFQLF]\SDOQLNJD

]RZ\

background image

SJlaoa^

[9sW



5RG]DMHLQVWDODFMLLXU] G]H ZNWyU\FKGRSXV]F]DVL 

WHUPLF]QHSU]HNV]WDáFDQLHRGSDGyZLQQ\FKQL QLHEH]SLHF]QH

,VWQLHM  XZDUXQNRZDQLD SUDZQH XPR OLZLDM FH ZSyáVSDODQLH RGSDGyZ Z OLF]

Q\FK XU] G]HQLDFK L LQVWDODFMDFK Z\SRVD RQ\FK Z SDOHQLVND UXV]WRZH NRPRURZH

LIOXLGDOQH WDE >@:\M WHNVWDQRZL RGSDG\QLHEH]SLHF]QHNWyUHPRJ E\ü

spalane tylko w spalarniach odpadów niebezpiecznych.



”€[…_$q

['WV

XIW

SJloa[

`9_'^

]Uc

[$q

[r

`9^^ fe#a

oa_

ph\nc

ge#Tr9ˆold fUar9a['U@^

c

_9ebk%^

r9a$]_6deba_9nUaIc

[9s

r$[9]^

_'lod[$oghŒ

‘X9

­–d"V

S'l oa[

`'^

]Uc

[q

[r

`9^^feba

oa_

X

t"^

_r_-r_Ik1_I] c

lh_ il…e@lc

lh_-^Ua$T…lh2_

†

t"^

_r_'h2[Id^

_I]]^

rIa_ iU@aT…lh_pl… elc

lh2_-^a'efrIˆlk%T k˜efU@a$c

_Ik

‘

Z¤^

_q

n^

_Jd^

_r_ inl] h_9ebc

lelh2_pl…elc

lh_o l2fc

q

_I]^

[I]^

[6efo



/lc

s

T_9]_9e@—_Ic

TrIa$]_'^de#a_9k%TUbs

lh2_ie#fUba$c

lh2_pd Ts

lh2_p ‡

q

f^

o[$q

]_pnlc

s

T-e@_$—_9]_9e[$r9T@`]_Š#Ulolh2_$„

Ž

t"^

_r_-ol2h/Td“[q

[I]^

[-r_—s

T

š

¨[Ic

_9e@^

_JnlnU9lh/]^

r$a_

£

©2lkjlh_-^

]Uc

[q

[r

`9_^fea

oa_I]^

[-r$_I] c

e@[q

]_—l%l —ea_Ih2[I]^

[pnfrIˆ]^

_'^d^

_r_

(PLVMD]DQLHF]\V]F]H SRGF]DVVSDODQLDRGSDGyZ

3RGF]DVVSDODQLDRGSDGyZZUD]]HVSDOLQDPLGRSRZLHWU]DZSURZDG]DQHV ]DQLH

F]\V]F]HQLDW\SRZHGODNRWáyZHQHUJHW\F]Q\FK SRSLyáORWQ\62

Ö

12



&2

Ö

L&2 

D SRQDGWR PRJ  E\ü HPLWRZDQH ]DQLHF]\V]F]HQLD RUJDQLF]QH WDNLH MDN ::$

L3&''V3&')V1LHNWyUHRGSDG\]DZLHUDM WUXM FHPHWDOHFL NLHNWyUHZSU]HZD

DM FHMPLHU]HSR]RVWDM ZSRSLRáDFK

3RGF]DV VSDODQLD RGSDGyZ Z\VW SXMH ZLHOND Uy QRURGQR ü HPLWRZDQ\FK ]ZL ]

ków organicznych. Na postawie temp

HUDWXU\ZU]HQLDG]LHOLVL MHQDWU]\IUDNFMHORWQH

/=2 VHPLORWQHLQLHORWQH]ZL ]NLRUJDQLF]QH>@1LHNWyUH]W\FK]DQLHF]\V]F]H 

X]QDQR]DQLHEH]SLHF]QHGODWHJRQDLFKHPLVM QDáR RQRRJUDQLF]HQLD

: 3ROVFH ZLHONR ü HPLVML SRV]F]HJyOQ\FK ]DQLHF]\V]F]H  ] LQVWDODFML VSDODQLD

LZVSyáVSDODQLDRGSDGyZ GRW\F]\WRZV]HONLFKLQVWDODFMLWHUPLF]QHJRSU]HNV]WDáFDQLD

odpadów, jak spalarnie, instalacje do pirolizy, zgazowa

QLD L SOD]PRZHJR UR]NáDGX

odpadów) reguluje

5R]SRU] G]HQLH 0LQLVWUD URGRZLVND >], które jest generalnie

]JRGQLH]G\UHNW\Z  :( 8(ZVSUDZLHVSDODQLDRGSDGyZ:UR]SRU] G]H

QLXVWDQGDUG\HPLV\MQH GRSXV]F]DOQHXG]LDá\]DQLHF]\V]F]H ZJD]DFKRGORWRZ\FK 

SU]HM FLRZRSRGDQRRVREQRGODLQVWDODFMLVSDODQLDRGSDGyZ WDE LVWQLHM F\FK

LQVWDODFMLVSDODQLDRGSDGyZNRPXQDOQ\FKLLQVWDODFMLZNWyU\FKVSDODQHV QLHNWyUH

ROHMHRGSDGRZH6WDQGDUG\HPLV\MQHGODVSDODQLDRGSDGyZV ]QDF]QLHPQLHMV]HQL 

GOD VSDODQLD SDOLZ NRSDOQ\FK 1DOH \ SRGNUH OLü H UR]SRU] G]HQLH QLH Z\Uy QLD

background image

v6wx+yw@z|{{

}I~-

x€y

y‚{

ƒ



VWDQGDUGyZ HPLV\MQ\FK GOD VSDODUQL RGSDGyZ QLHEH]SLHF]Q\FK ] Z\M WNLHP 12





ZRJUDQLF]RQ\PRNUHVLH 2GU EQ\PSUREOHPHPV VWDQGDUG\HPLV\MQHGODZVSyáVSD

lania odpadów. W r

R]SRU] G]HQLXSRGDQRMHRGU EQLHGODSLHFyZGRSURGXNFMLNOLQ

NLHUXFHPHQWRZHJRQDWRPLDVWGODLQQ\FK UyGHáSRGDQRIRUPXá ]NWyUHMPR QDZ\

OLF]\üVWDQGDUG\HPLV\MQH dla poszczególnych grup instalDFML>@

”)[9…_$q

[JWV

† Y

’c

[9]o [9eoT2_Ik1^

UT@`]_Ja-^

]Uc

[$q

[r

`9^Ubd[Iq

ania odpadów [

‘Ž

2oa^

[9sh¤k%—¢

k 

(dla dioksyn i furanów w ng/m



b„bp

dea$T2a[9h2[ebc

l

rI^–XXIò

« "h›—[Ia[$rˆ%loq

lc

lh/Tr9ˆ

ª%[Ia$h2['Ubf…Ubc

[9]r

`^

e_$o]^

_Jo l…lh2_

t“Ts“l—gs

_Ik

X$Y

Substancje organiczne w postaci gazów

^ d[e–h-Te[

l] _“`I[9nl2r$[9s

nlh/^

c

T/h

—^

_$q

le— [9]^

r9a$]T

X$Y

ö

Ÿ

q

X$Y

ö-™

X

’«

Ž Y

ª1« “a-^

Ubc

] ^

_

`

r9Tr9ˆ^

]Ubc

[$q

[$r

`^l-aolq

]l

r$^

deba_e@l…lh2_

`š-¢

ˆ%q

f…aJ]lh-Tr9ˆ

^

]Ubc

[$q

[$r

`9^

†YY

ª1«

a-^

Ubc

] ^

_

`

r9Tr9ˆ^

]Ubc

[$q

[$r

`^l-aolq

]l

r$^

deba_e@l…lh2_

`

š-¢

ˆ

YY



rednie próby o czasie trwania 0,5÷

œ'ˆ

ï _9c

[$q

_Jr$^

n^

_'^^

r9ˆ2a$h/^

aIn^h-Te@[

l]_

`I[9nlk1_9c

[$q#i

Ÿ

o"”)q

ö/—

’…Ut…

Ÿ

e

Ÿ

l

Ÿ

fïî]ª%^

“§€’]

Yp

YŽ

Yp

YŽ

Yp

Ž

rednie próby o czasie trwania 6÷

œˆ

©/^

lnUbT] T^‡

fe[9]T

Yp

X



©/lîXV

Y"XV

† Y Y£e9VoldfUar9a[Iq

]_

`'h[e#c

l

r$^"_9k1^

U

`9^"oq

[Jª1«

]^

_%Ubc

l Ubf`_U@^

olUbd[$q

[eb]^"lod[$ogh]^

_9…_$am

d^

_r9a$]T r9ˆ“V

ÜûbÞ

âåèÝÞ èé%ÝÞ ß

âàá

ú@ý“åçâ

¥bUbc

lc

] Tkd el…q

_9k%_Ik‰U

c

[9n

_6dlh2Uc

[

`

r$_6dlo r9a[U€Ubd[$q

[9]^

[Jlod[$ogh¤dld^

ls

T^

f

q

_pnc

ge_U

a[n h2[$q

^

m

fikowane do odpadów niebezpiecznych [

‘V”)[9n[n h2[$q

^

‡

^

n[r

`9[-Ud lh2l olh[9][u`9_Ubc"c

Tkjp

_-a[9h2^

_9e[

`

l]_

]^

_9n c

ge@_c

e#f`

r$_k1_9c

[$q

_×r$^

n^

_pn c

ge@_h‰nl]c

[9nr$^

_ajh/lo

o[

`

lo r$^

_9n^€ol|—q

_9… TV“t"l][$oc

l×][jr9a

Ubc

n[$r9ˆ

dld^

ls

ghl U@[$oa[

`

U@^

o^

lnUbT]T^–‡

fe[9]TV Z.Tk%Th2[$q

]l

¦-c

Tr9ˆja[9]^

_rIa$TUar9a_

a2dld^

ls

gh˜a[$—e@[

[/Ubn[

_$m

niem wód gruntowych [

‘ ‘bp“oq

[c

_$—lk1[$— [Ia$T]lh[9]^

_dld^

ls

gh‰a_1Ubd[$q

[]^

[%lod[$ogh‰h-Tkj[$—[1Ubn s

[Iolh2^

m

ska odpadów

]^

_9…_IaId^

_r9a$]Tr9ˆ.Œ

‘†@V“•›c

T r9ˆõU[9kTr9ˆîdlh/l ogh

h2Ubdgs

Ubd[$q

[9] ^

_×lod[$ogh

a×h

—q

_9kíc

[9n

_

Uc

h2[ea[€de@l…q

_9kTpdl] ^

_Ih[

fc

ebf o]^

[J—l Ubdlo [e@r9a_6h-Tnleba$TUbc

[9]^

_+dld^

ls

gh˜Œ

š@V

/l]^

_rIa$]l

¦îk1[$— [Ia$T]lh[9]^

[îdld^

ls

gh

a_õUbd[Iq

[9]^

[ëlod[$ogh

][õUbns

[$olh2^

Ubn[$r9ˆ›lod[$ogh

]^

_9…_Iam

d^

_r9a$]T r9ˆ×Ubc

[9]lh2^“of

_'fc

ebfo]^

_I]^

_'h˜_9nUdq

l [9c

[$r

`^“Ubd[$q

[e#]^lod[Ioghp oq

[9c

_$—l2d e[$r9f`9_-U^

][$o[$q

c

_e#][9c

Thm

background image

SJlaoa^

[9sW



] Tk%^)UbdlUl…[9k1^

pn c

ge@_-a[…_IaId^

_rIa

deba_$o%h-Tk%Th[9]^

_Ik‹k1_9c

[$q

^ur$^

n^

r9ˆ“V ©-l1k1_9c

lo

{

{



{

$y }

{

kj_9c

[$q

^

r$^

n^

r9ˆ¡h

dld^

ls

[$r9ˆ.][$q

_

iJUc

[9…^

q

^

a[$r

`9[îaëf

TrI^

_9k

r$_Ik%_I]c

f\^/c

_9e#k1^

r9a$][

{

{



{

$y}

y

p6a_$lq

^

c

^

a[$r

`9[$p

d_$q

q

_9c

Ta[r

`9[^+c

_e#k1^

r9a$][×l…eg… n[×le@[9ah2^

c

e#T‡

^

n[$r

`9[V"•uh-s

[$U@ar9a[1h2^

c

ebT ‡#^

n[$r

`9[p–dlq

_$—[

`

r[j]deba_9c

[d^

[9]^

f

dld^

ls

fëoldlUc

[r$^+Ua$nq

^

U#c

_

`Ip)r9ˆ[e[9n c

_9e#Ta$f`_U@^

of

U#n fc

_r9a$]l

r$^

a[…_Ia$d^

_r9a_9]^

[%de#a_$oh-Tk%Th[I]^

_Ik

kj_9c

[$q

^r$^

n^

r9ˆ×ŒXIš@V

/LWHUDWXUD

Œ@X!U@_

`9_9®S-V

ï.V

p•+[$^

nl®

ž

V

¬6V

p"

#9ƒI‚{

ƒx$

{

/ƒ%#@‚9z}I~&-y('

ƒ%#${

y

)

p$ª[9fn[pï lUbn®[%X$W œXV

Œ

†

¨'^

_$— [

U#n['ðV

p+*

‚{

ƒI-,w

{

.{

y‚{

ƒwx€y w.z“}I~

#/w,0.1 }I~#2‚z3#2



{

‚ /ƒ'

w

w ƒ4'

‚ y}#z ‚ ƒ/56/

x€y

y7

‚{

y

pZ¡T o [9h-] ^

r9c

h/l/tulq

^

c

_r9ˆ]^

n^

q

Ubn^

_

`Ip

ž

q

^

h2^

rI_'† Y Y‘V

Œ

‘

¨'^

_

ðV

pï [9c

TU@^

[nj¨/V

pZ¡TUbc

[$q

U#n[%V

p8

'

y {



{

$y}

yê{6w.6y w‚{

y ‚{

ƒ&y w0.

}{

ƒ-,4.“z}I~

pZ¡T o [9h]^

r9c

h2l

tulq

^

c

_$r9ˆ] ^

n^

Ÿ

a

Ubc

lr9ˆlhUbn^

_

`Ip

Ÿ

a

Ubc

l r9ˆ lh[%X9W WWV

Œ



¨'^

_

ð$V

¨/V

p

v+9ywz

}{

ƒ%,4.Jƒ

pZ¡T o [9h]^

r9c

h/l/tulq

^

c

_$r9ˆ]^

n^

Ÿ

a

Ubc

l r9ˆlhUbn^

_

`Ip

Ÿ

a

Uc

l r9ˆlh2[J†YY†V

Œ

Ž

¨JlIh-_IU"tuV

Ÿ

V

p28

ƒ

9~ ƒIy('

{

‚45;:<)Iy

=y('

{

‚5%y ‚w?>‚('

#2 



{

‚453'

~ ƒ@%y%y#w

p¨'le@_9ˆh2ll o p¨JS6¬€p™S-’p“X$WœV

Œ

š

Ÿ

_9]]^+S-Vu_9c[$q

V

p6A

ƒ/5u{

$

y'

{

)$ƒjy ‚wëƒ$‚){

#%‚/ƒI‚('

yJ{

@-=ƒ93‚B'

~ ƒC=9ƒ3

9êy9~ 9#/ì}-y €y‚ wD&=‚{

}{

x)y

Iƒ-.6y45ƒ6$

=w45ƒ'}47

9{

#${

‚5%y6}4‚-'

#2=}'

{

‚Ey('

ƒ%#${

y

pZ\[$Ubc

_Jï [9][$—_9kj_9]c

p§/lq

V†uXIp†YY“XV

Œ

£

Ÿ

ˆ[9]oq

_9eF1V

ðV$_9c“[$q

V

p/G

=‚{

}{

x)y2 

{

wE.+y%'

ƒ-{

‚ }{

‚ ƒ%#@y('

##ƒ9{

w=ƒ9

p¬)q

U@_9® ^

_9e@p-k1Ubc

_9e@o[9k

X$WW£V

Œ

œ

Cichy W., Wróblewska H

H

p+I

y

{

.6y¡w#

ƒ%.6‚ƒ3Jwx€y w0.\x$=

z;'

,4.“z}$~DKx$'

ƒ$‚ }

yL

M.L

y

}{

. 

}{

M

y-5(#2

ƒ$‚{

y

p k1[c

_eb^

[s

T1¥

§˜k1^

oa$T][9elolh2_

`nl]‡

_9e@_9]r

`9^

„ Paliwa z odpadów” , wyd.

ö/_$q

^

l]p

ž

q

^

h/^

r$_

†Y Y‘V

Œ

W

Ÿ

lf ]r$^

qu©/^

e@_r9c

^

® _%W¢

š£¢

¬

Ÿ

l‡/X9šj©/_rI_Ik2…_9e%XIWW×l]×c

ˆ_^

]r$^

]_9e@[c

^

l]|l‡)ˆ[Ia[e@olfUJh[U#c

_p“«‡

‡#^

rI^

[$q

ðIlfeb][$q ­ë‘š Žp"XIW WV

Œ@XIY

Ÿ

lf ]r$^

q©/^

e_r9c

^

®_%X$W WW¢

‘"X@¢

¬

Ÿ

l ‡“†šde@^

quX$WWW2l]q

[9]o ‡

^

q

ql‡h2[U#c

_p «-‡

‡

^

r$^

[$q ð9lfe#][$q ­\X$œ†p“XIWW WV

Œ@XX|©fo ['ðV

p-G

}N-,{{

9‚7

,44'

‚ ƒ"x€y

{

.Jƒ-O.1x$#/}ƒ9{

ƒ.z9x)y

y‚{

y ,

{

‚,{

ƒ%#%=2}$ƒ-/ƒI‚('

.6ƒP5

pk1[c

_eb^

[s

T¥

§

k1^

dzynarodowej konferencji „ Paliwa z odpadów” , Helion,

ž

q

^

h2^

rI_'† Y Y‘V

Œ@X9†|©-Te_9n c

Th[S'[$oTלW¢

‘šW¢

¬–Z

ž

a2o]^

[œ%rIa_e#h2r[×XIW œW2eln f%hUde@[h2^

_-a[9dl… ^

_$— [9]^

[-a[9]^

_rIaITU@ar9a[$m

]^

f2dlh2^

_9c

ea[6deba_9a']lh2_Ja[n s

[$oT%Ubd[$q

[9] ^

[

odpadów komunalnych.

Œ@XI‘

ž

[er9a$T

Ubn^êZ!V

p?8

x€y

y ‚{

ƒQwx€yw0.



x'{

'

y

‚@z}$~R.

.{

ƒ'



ƒ˜w-{

yL

y

‚

}{S,4‚'

#/

‚ƒ

I

y

4'

..Jƒ

T

‚

x+ƒ-,}

{'vJ}$~#2‚z

#%w.{

/,y

p–k1[9c

_9e^

[9s

T ¥

¥#¥/k1^

oaIT][9elolh2_

`1nl]‡

_9e@_9]r

`9^ U ’d[Iq

[9]^

_êlod[$ogh

c

_r9ˆ]lq

l —^

_'^ del…q

_9k

y” , Szczyrk

‘Y-he#a_

] ^

[

†d[

oa^

_e#]^

n[XIWW £p’ar9a$Tebn|X$WW £V

Œ@X9|ðI_eba$T›ðV^2^

]“V

pWV

y

#

zƒI‚ƒ%#5“ƒ'

z}N‚ƒXwbx€yw0.Y,4&=‚y

‚9z}I~!ƒI‚ ƒ-#5u{

y

#%w.'{

/,4.6y7

,xJ

ƒ-,I2.“z

 {

‚'

ƒP5(#2.+y‚z

z-'

ƒ-˜ƒI‚ ƒ%#5ƒ'

z}N‚ ƒ/56$y56

x$wy#/.6y‚{

y+x$

/,{

}$~Wwx€yw0.1,4&=‚y

‚z“}I~

p kj[c

_9e@^

[9s

T

¥#¥

¥+k1^

oa$T][9elolh2_

`'nl]‡#_9e_9]r

`^FU ’d[$q

[9]^

_lod[$ogh

– technologie i problemy” ,

’arIa$Tebnê‘Y%h-e#a_$m

] ^

[

†-d[

oa^

_9e#]^

n[2XIW W£p’arIa$Te#nîX9W W£V

Œ@XIŽC2[er9aîö%V

p’ ^

nleU#n^JZ›V

p€ð9lonlhU#n^'Z›V

p;T

‚%'

y

y }

yõw1'

ƒ%#/{

}N$‚ƒ

B='

z“

{

$y }

{wbx€yw0.Z4.{

ƒ%#



}

z}$~

p

ðIlfeb][$ql‡"”“e@[9]U@o^

Ur$^

dq

^

][ebTj’TUbc

_Ik‹’r$^

_9]r$_/’[1’ ”u¬–ï.’p§-lq

VWp†¢@XIp† YYV

Œ@XIšC/leoT q

_9h2Un^6Z!V

p–•€[$r9ˆ[e@rIa$fnõZ›V

p\2[$Ubde#a$TnB%V

pG

wz9 {

,$y }

y2x#x'{

L

=õ{

=



yJ-ƒ'

w

.{

'

#

z9{

,$y }

{

p

Ochrona Powietrza i Problemy Odpadów, nr 3, 2003.

Œ@XI£C/la^

lsuï.V

p

<+‚ƒ-#5ƒ'

z}N‚ ƒ%M“ƒ%,4 

-5u{

}N‚ƒ/ƒ

9ƒ-,'

zS.€

x$0L



x+y

y ‚{

yWy w0.

}{

ƒ-,4.“z}I~&.

5"

ƒ-Z.jx€y

ƒI‚{

7

2,y}$~&,4'

L

0.D#%='

.z}$~

p$de@[$r[Joln c

leU#n[pt"lq

^

c

_$r9ˆ]^

n[

q

U#n[p/”-•€«-p

ž

q

^

h/^

r$_'†YY†V

Œ@X$œCe@l—fq

_rۻjV

ðV

p8

x+y

y ‚{

ƒ]wx)y w0.x\#ƒ-–z/L

.z“}I~

p «r9ˆe@l]ulh2^

_9c

e#a[$p]e'X$p“X9W WV

Œ@XIWCe@l—fq

_rۻjV

ðV

p8

x+y

y ‚{

ƒ]wx)y w0.x\#ƒ-–z/L

=-}I~ƒ-{

}N‚ƒ/56

p «'r9ˆe@l][6tulh2^

_9c

eba[p]e)‘ pX$WWV

Œ

† Y|­–f]o^® ^

Ubc.S-V

ž

V

p3_

.Jƒ`#22.{

$y ‚{

ya.b'

ƒ$}$~‚ 

45u{

{D,'

L

0.c9 

={

w y

‚z}I~RƒdL



ƒ-

}#z(#P,=

y }#z 7

‚9z6

pjkj[9c

_9e^

[s

T

¥#¥

¥ nl]‡

_9e_9]r

`9^S

Tc

nlh/] ^

ngh

nlc

s

gh

‡#q

f ^

o [$q

]Tr9ˆp×ï ^

oa$T… eloa^

_

Th2^

_r9n^

_p

† Y† šV

YWV

† Y Y‘V

Œ

†"Xjª1[$oa^

[9n^

_9h2^

rIa!ð$V

pJV

y#%=‚,{jy='

'

ƒ%#/{

}N‚ ƒ/56˜

x€y

y‚{

y`wbx€y w0.ó-'

yL

z}I~

p

ž

l U#dlo[9e#n[\tu[$q

^

h[9k%^

^¬u]_9e@—^

p]e'X$Yp† Y YYV

Œ

††jª%^

_UU@_9]Z!V

S-V

p

>e=$4'

{

‚/y‚ w

T

‚}{

‚ƒ-#y'

{

‚

I

#2}ƒ99ƒI

pï [er$_$q©/_9n n_epIª%_9hf[2le#nêXIW WŽV

background image

v6wx+yw@z|{{

}I~-

x€y

y‚{

ƒ



Œ

† ‘jªlh2[n×Z›V

pZ.[]oe[$Ubae%V

ð$V

p

v6w#x€ywz$ y,-

#P0wL

6x–y

{

.+y׃I‚ƒ%#

5ƒ4'

z}$‚ƒP5(

p k1[c

_eb^

[s

Tj¥

¥

¥€k^

oa$T][eblolm

h/_

`

konferencji „ Spalanie odpadów – technologie i problemy” , S

ar9a$Te#nבY/he#a_

]^

[

†/d[

oa^

_eb] ^

n[

X$W W£p’ar9a$TebnêXIWW £V

Œ

†|tu[

`

n”6V

pg

ƒ-#/{

}N‚y ='

z“

{

y }

y&wbx+yw0.J,e=‚y

‚z}$~

pteba_$—q

oe-lkf][$q

] Tp]e€‘ p“X$WWœ V

Œ

†Ž1t–^

_rIfrIˆ ”6V

p–©

…_In ­6p–ðfe9[Uan[1¨2V

pF8

x6y

y‚“{

Ĕ{x'{

#%

{

yJ wx+yw(0.h#9yC }~#% ‚y2x .-{

ƒ'

#y2x#ƒ$w

P4,w

{

."z%{%,L

y w ‚“{

,y%{

x6y

{

‚

p Z\To [Ih2]^

rIc

h%l %r$a_q

]^

[I]_/tul q

^

c#_rIˆ ]^

n^;2lU@a[q

^

Un^

_

`Ip(2lU@a[q

^

]

†YY†“V

Œ

† š|tu^

_$r9fr9ˆ%”+V

pg

ƒ%#22{

}N$‚ y ='

z"

{

y }

y&wx)y w0.

ptulq

^

c

_r9ˆ] ^

n[/lUa[$q

^

U#n[p-l Uba[$q

^

]|X$WWœV

Œ

† £|tª%m

W ‘¢

•€m9X$ŽYYšV

vJwbx+yw9zC,e=‚y

‚ƒ--'

yL

ƒ

Hi

y wy ‚{

y?.L

y

}{

.

}{9x€y

‚z}$~

H

v+‚y }Ny‚{

ƒ}{

ƒ

x$L

y%

x€y

y7

‚{

y1{ 

{

}Ny‚{

ƒ].6y#-'



}{#x€yL

.Jƒ

V

Œ

†œ|tª%m

W ‘¢

•€m9X$ŽYYšV

v+wx€y w@zW,e=‚y

‚ƒ+-'

yL

ƒ

H

vF‚y }Ny‚{

ƒ+2,4L

yw=e#

9

%5u{

}P$‚ ƒ/56

V

Œ

† W|SJ^

q

_ITðV

”+V_9c"[$q

V

p

>)~

#${

‚y('

ƒ$wE#5y ‚{

}}4"x$=‚ wJƒ-)4 

)$ƒ$ww=#${

‚53'

~ƒ}4e=-'

{

‚ 

9& 

ƒ$‚w 

9e#ƒ

9=9ƒ47

wƒ%#${

)$ƒ$w69=ƒ

6y‚ w2}-y



pðVl‡u”"ˆ_9e

kj[$q-][$q

TU^

Up§/lq

V W p“XIWW £V

Œ

‘Y|SJla$dle#a

oa_9]^

_îï ^

]^

Ubc

e@[

ž

l U#dlo [9e#n^-aõo] ^

[ë†"X|d[

oa^

_9e#]^

n[¤X9WWœëe9V€hóU#de@[9h2^

_ Uar9a_$—gs

lh-Tr9ˆ

zasad usuwania, wykorzystywania i unieszkodliwiania odpadów niebezpiecznych, Dz. U. nr 145,

dla VW†V

Œ

‘“X|SJla$dle#a

oa_9]^

_ï ^

]^

Uc

e@[

ž

lUbdlo [e#n^a/o]^

[† W%Ubc

TrIa$]^

[-†Y

02 r. w sprawie rodzaju odpadów i

]]Tr9ˆ

]^

]^

_9…_Ia$d^

_$rIa$]_1le[Ia1eloa[

`@fî^

]Ubc

[$q

[$r

`9^€^–fe#a

oa_

p“h‹n c

gebTr9ˆîold fUarIa[1U^

^

r9ˆêc

_ebk%^

rIa$]_deba_$m

nUba$c

[9s

r[9]^

_p©a V-%VI]e'Xœpdla VX$£šV

Œ

‘†|SJla$dle#a

oa_9]^

_|ï ^

]^

Ubc

e[

ž

l U#dlo [9e

n^6aîo] ^

[†uXjk1[e@r[† Y Y†îeIV"h

Ubde[9h2^

_×hTkj[$— [

olc

TrIa

r9Tr9ˆ

de@lr$_Uf/c

_ebk%^

rIa$]_$—l-d e#a_9nUba$c

[s

r$[]^

['lod[$oghp©a V-1V9]e)‘ £pdlaV‘‘WV

Œ

‘‘|SJla$dle#a

oa_9]^

_ï ^

] ^

Ubc

e@[%«-r9ˆel]T

elo lh2^

Ubn[$p•€[Ul…ghª1[9c

fe@[$q

]Tr9ˆ|^–­)_

]^

r9c

h[a1o]“VŽV

XXV

XIWW“X

h

Ude@[9h2^

_nq

[$UbT‡

^

n[$r

`9^6h/g oõle@[9a|h[e#f]ngh`9[9n^

k

dlh/^

]] T¡lodlh2^

[$o [¦

r$^

_9n^6h-delh[$oa[9] _êol

h

ód lub do ziemi, Dz. U.,

]e-XXIšpdla VŽ Y‘V

Œ

‘|SJlaIdleba

oa_] ^

_1ï ^

] ^

U#c

e@[

elolh2^

U#n|o$]V"† £V

YW V

†YY“X2eV

w sprawie katalogu odpadów, Dz. U. nr

X XI† pdla VX9† Y š p† Y Y“XV

Œ

‘Ž|SJla$dle#a

oa_9]^

_-ï ^

]^

Uc

e@[

e@lolh^

Un[pao]“V 1U^

_9e#d]^

[-†Y Y‘/eIVhU#de@[9h2^

_/Ubc

[9] o [e@ogh_9k%^

U

`9^a^

]Ubc

[$m

q

[$r

`9^

p©a V-%V

p]eXIš ‘pdlaVX9ŽœV

Œ

‘š|S+fc

ˆ¡­6V

1V

p

<6‚ƒ-#5Iz 94#%ae=‚{

}{

x+y+% 

{

wX.+y-'

ƒ:-y¡}-“x€y#${

%‚B.{

'

~¡}4y6}-&=-'

{

‚j'

ƒ$}$~‚

-5$z

p

tel—V¬u]_9e—T

Ÿ

lk… fUc#V ’r$^

V

p§/lq

V†  p“XIW WœV

Œ

‘£|S6T[9]ëðV

§%Vu_9c[$q

V

p

>)~y#y}'

ƒ%#${

y('

{

‚J

9k#5y‚{

}ƒ-{

@{

‚F9#2

~y%y#w=W.6y-'

Đ{

‚ }{

‚ ƒ%#y'

{

‚2x\#2}-7

ƒ999ƒ9=‚w ƒ%#'

~ ƒ‚ ƒ-.J<

I;l

w#y

9'm{

2,

i

=4#9‚

"

= {

w y‚ }$ƒ:;-ƒIy-=#ƒ-/ƒI‚('{

@4=ƒ9

pZ\[U#c

_ïõ[9][$—_9k1_I]c

p §/lq#V

†Y p† YY YV

Œ

‘ œ ’[%n _9][|’V

Ÿ

V

puð9lc

Ubˆ^

Ÿ

V

%V

p(G

y ‚y45“ƒ--ƒ$‚')y‚wë}-&=-'

{

‚D

9|~ y-$y#@w=$W.+y-'

ƒ9

p"tel—V“¬u]_9e—T

Ÿ

lkjm

… fUbcbV ’ rI^

V

p§-lq

V†† p"XIWWšV

Œ

‘W ’r9ˆeld d_ðV

”+V

p4I

#@y }'

{

}$yƒo@x+ƒ%#${

ƒ$‚}ƒ{

'

~ ƒEƒ9-''

ƒ$y }$~ ƒ%#9#'

~ƒ/‚ ƒo6'5“ƒI‚ƒ%#@y('

{

‚

pï lo_9e#]jt"lh2_9e’TUm

c

_9kjUpïõ[er9ˆêX$WW WV

Œ

 Y ’ _9n fs

[JS-V

p(g

ƒ%#/{

}N$‚ y ='

z"

{

y }

y wbx+yw0.X'

,I

z“}N$‚9z}I~

p «'r9ˆe@l][6t"lh2^

_9c

eba[$p]e)pXIW WV

Œ

"X ’nlhe@l]˜ö%V

p T

‚-'

y

y }

ƒO'

ƒ-#/{

}N‚ ƒ

p='

z“

{

y }

{ wbx€y w0.q,4&=‚y

‚z}$~

, RAFAKO S.A., Racibór

a

X$W WWV

Œ

† ’s

fd_9nî’V _9c–[$q

V

p

m'

y#

zS,{



‚1y'y /ƒ'

~wW

9~y-y#w=].6y4'

ƒ%{

‚ }{

‚ ƒ%#y('

{

‚

p'e@r9ˆ^

®f k

Ÿ

lk2… fUbc

^

l]^

Up

§/lq

VX$š p“XIWW šV

Œ

 ‘ ’c

_$q

kj[r9ˆõ’V

p+’l…lq

_9hUbn^+1V

pI

{

#/

{

y3Këy

'

ƒ%#‚ y'

z6.+y|

x+y 

y‚{

yDwx€y w0.Z,e=‚y

‚z}$~

p

ž

l Ubdlo [e#n[

tu[$q

^

h2[9k1^^¬u]_9e—^

p]e€£ pX$WW W V

Œ

 ’TrIa_9h2UnV

p'’ ^

nle@[3%V

p+8

x€y

y‚{

ƒrwbx+yw0.‰y w{

,I

z‚@z

p)kj[9c

_9eb^

[9s

T ¥

¥UTk2dla#`@fksU«—e@[9]^

r9a_9]^

_

_Ik1^

U

`9^a[9]^

_r9a$TUar9a_

ol[9c

k1l U‡#_e#Ttp’a$nq

[eUbn[6t"le

…['r9a_9ebh2^

_$rXIW WV

Œ

 ŽJg

ƒ-#/{

}P$‚ yE='

z"

{

y }

yEwbx+yw0.x#

ƒ-)z2L

.“z}$~

pkj[9c

_9e^

[9s

T‡#^

ebkTj’c

_I] kEuq

q

_9e@p

ž

fkk1_9e@Ub…[r9ˆ|XIWW šV

Œ

 šê”)^

q

q

kj[]©%V

%V

p(g

~ ƒe>\&=-'

{

‚E

9

8



{

w69=ƒ

6y‚ w

V

y%'

ƒ9

p4r$[$o_9k1^

r+te_$UU)¥

]rV

p’ [9]©/^

_$—lXIW W"XV

Œ

 £ê”)lkj[U)©%V

pg

ƒ-#/{

}N$‚ yE='

z"

{

y}

y wx+yw0.

, RAFAKO S.A., Racibórz 2002.

background image

SJlaoa^

[9sW



Œ

œê”uel]^

_9hUbn^"­JV

p

Z¡ale_9n|ï¡V

p

v6y wz

}{

ƒ-,4.6ƒ6 y,6x€y

{

.jy

'

ƒ%#‚y'

z(.6‚ƒ2w

yJx#

ƒ-–z2L

=j}$ƒ--ƒI‚('

.Jƒ/5(

p

kj[9c

_9e^

[9s

Tnl]‡#_9e_9]r9T@`]_WU¬–] _9e@—^

[×[

elolh2^

Ubnl×h

”–_r9ˆ]lq

l —^

[rˆê¨6f olh2q

[9] Tr9ˆtp€’arIa$Tebn

«6dlq

_

†Y Y p¥

]Uc

Tc

fcï ^

]_9e@[$q

]Tr9ˆ2ïõ[9c

_9eb^

[9s

gh\¨6folh/q

[9] Tr9ˆ/h«Jdlq

fp«Jdlq

_'†Y YV

Œ

 WSUbc

[9h[6a-o]“V† £V

YV

† YY"X€eV

vBwbx€yw y }I~

p©a V-1V9]e€š† pdla Vš†œ V

Œ

ŽYSUbc

[9h[6a-o]“V† ‘/U^

_ebd ] ^

['† YY“X€e9V$l

elon[r9ˆ

Th2^

_9] ^

[Ja$h2^

_9eba

c

p©aV-1VI]eX†‘ pdlaVXI‘ŽYV

Œ

Ž“X|§2[9]îo_W/[9kdîZ!V

­6V

p“ï le— [9]ê©%V

ðV

p\g

~ ƒj}-7

9{

#${

‚45J

9Jx= 

)$ƒ%#${

ƒ$wk{

'

={

‚=}-y

E.'{

'

~%'

#@y.$M+.6y-'

ƒ

x+yx+ƒ%#€y ‚wE&=‚{

}{

x)y$

=w-5“ƒ

p

Ÿ

lk… fUbc#V ’rI^

V[9]o2”–_r9ˆ“V$§/lq

VX9†uX$pXIW WšV

Œ

Ž†|Z¤[$r9s

[9h2^

[nS%V

pG

w ƒ

.+y ‚{

ƒ–x#/}ƒ9%=Ww45y%.6y‚{

y?.f,4e#

ƒ–x'{

#2 

{

'

z“}N$‚ƒ

×{

‚-'

y 

y }

{w3=‚{

ƒ9-,7

w

{

.{

y‚{

yEwx€yw0.ë

x'{

'

y

‚9z}I~

pde[r$['oln c

leU#n[ptulq

^

c

_$r9ˆ] ^

n[

q

U#n[p¥

”

Ÿ

p

ž

q

^

h2^

r$_X$WW WV

Œ

Ž‘|Z¤[9]oe[Uba-ðV

Z!V

p

ž

Un[%V

pF*

%=.+y ‚{

ƒ{(=‚{

ƒ9-,w

{

.{

y ‚{

ƒwbx€yw0.X/ƒ$wz}P$‚z“}I~

pte#a_$—q

o&/lk2f ][$q

m

] Tp]e€‘ pX$WWœ V

Œ

Ž|Z¤[9]oe[Uba2ðV

Z›V ^u^

]V

pG





{

. 

}{(.+

x$0L



x)y

y‚{

y39yw0.DE }N#z}N$y

‚{

}{

ƒ%,0.JE.

5“

ƒ-d.j,4'

L

y }I~

#-=$'

.“z}$~

p

ž

lUbdlo [9e

n[6tu[$q

^

h2[9k1^^ ¬–]_9e—^

p]e+œp† YYYV

Œ

ŽŽ

Wandrasz J.W., Wróblewicz T.,

V

y#%'



vW#x+yL

.6yrwbx€y w0.îx#ƒN$‚ y }N‚9z}$~|wr='

z"

{

$y}

{+'

ƒ%#22{

}P47

‚ƒ

4M$.C9=‚,}

{+#22.{

$y



z4'

ƒ-.“z}$~?{

‚('

ƒ/5(#/.6y‚ ƒ

?5

x$wy#/,{u-'

yL

z6{\wbx€yw y2{+,4&=‚y

‚9z62{

w

xyz{(y|}2~(}€;}-

‚

ƒe}2„W‚‚…F†‡2~Pˆ‚

w4†~‰‰%w‰-ŠŠ‹(Œ



Ž‹Cf}-zP‚

‡-

‡2ƒEz(‚‘Œ

w$’y“(y

‡2ƒEz(‚\”WŒ

w(<+‚ƒ%#5“ƒ4'

z}N‚yk.6y

#

zy}

ykwbx€yw0.•'

.##z6.!'

=}N‚@z}$~(w+xyz{(y–

|}2~(}$€F}-

‚

ƒ&}2„W‚‚…F†‡2~Nˆ‚

w†~Šw‰%ŠŠŠŒ



Ž—Cj‡2~˜

™‡2~+š-Œ

w›ˆ}-|} œ

H

M

8

ƒ-.6y45“ƒ6I

=w5ƒ'}4&=-'

{

‚(w4€(~Pyˆ(Œ4…F†‡2~Nˆ ž$y„&“Ÿ(z˜

w’ -‚

Œ

w‰-ŠŠŠw¡ey

Œ¢ŽŒ



Ž£4Cj‚

‡-

ˆyzP‚

z(‚6xeŒ

w

I

{

#/

{

'

z}N‚ ƒ/{

‚-'

y

y }

ƒ'

ƒ-#/{

}N‚ ƒ

e='

z“

{

y}

{w#x+yw0.B,4&=‚y

‚z}$~K?.6yw9z{-$y

ƒ'

zw

€6~Ny“(

‡2„E&…F(y

yˆ‚

‚

w¡ey

Œ¤w†~Žw‰-ŠŠŠ(Œ



ŽŠCX|}2y1ZŒ

w\¥ 

.'{

y w }Nƒ$‚{

yj#ƒIy

{

y}

z ‚ ƒ.{ƒ%,I

x6

y('

y}

z ‚ ƒî-'

2.6y‚{

y›{

‚-'

y

y }

{'wO'

ƒ%#/{

}N$‚ƒP5(

=‚{

ƒ9-,4w

{

.{

y‚{

y wbx€y w0. 

x+ƒ$}

y

‚z}$~ .

I



9}ƒ4w„?}2˜

‡/~P‚

}/¦

 §§

§;„W‚

|¨4†(}2~Ny|yƒe‡

©$(y†ª‡2~N‡2†( 

©2‚«’{}-–



}2†‚

‡]y|{6}

dów –

˜

‡4 2™†y

yˆ‚

‡]‚{~Ny“(

‡2„E¬w(’¨ %¨-~W¤­]ƒ~N¨‡

†‚

}

¢{(}

|¨‚

‡/~†‚

(}E‰%ŠŠ—w(’¨ 2¨-~r‰%ŠŠ—Œ



‹­S®}/~¨% /‚(‘Œ

w1‚

‡%

ˆyzP‚

z‚xeŒ

w

"



x$wy#P,$y w#x€ywy2{,4e=‚y 

‚@z(2{.X-ƒ4'

#/#x

{

y }9~)x$ 

P,{

}9~w„ }/˜

‡/~N‚

}-–

¦

`§§

§X„W‚

|¨4†(}2~Ny|y4ƒE‡

©O(y†ª‡2~‡2†( 

©2‚k«’{(}-

}2†‚

‡•y|{6}-|¯ƒ

– technologie i problemy” , Szczyrk

¤­ƒ~¨‡

†‚

}

¢{6}

|¨4‚

‡2~†‚

(}E‰-ŠŠ—w(’¨ 2¨-~r‰-ŠŠ—(Œ


Wyszukiwarka

Podobne podstrony:
9 Odpady i ich spalanie
odpady i ich segregacja
36 odpady przemyslowe i ich analiza
Odpady komunalne i ich wpływ na stan środowiska
Odpady przemysłowe i komunalne oraz ich zagospodarowanie, Przydatne do szkoły
36 odpady przemyslowe i ich analiza
14 Odpady stałe klasyfikacja, zagrożenia dla zdrowia oraz metody ich unieszkodliwiania
ICh S cieplo paliwa spalanie id Nieznany
36 odpady przemyslowe i ich analiza
Style komunikowania się i sposoby ich określania
rodzaje ooznaczen i ich ochrona
Kwasy żółciowe i ich rola w diagnostyce chorób
Dzieci niewidome i ich edukacja w systemie integracyjnym
Ceny detaliczne i spożycie warzyw i ich przetworów
Postawy i ich zmiana

więcej podobnych podstron