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Ćwiczenie projektowe nr 1 |
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Zaprojektować słup drewniany ściskany osiowo , o przekroju złożonym, przy nastepujacych założeniach |
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1.1 Dane: |
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wstaw dane: |
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obliczeniowa siła ściskająca |
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N = |
140 |
kN |
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długość teoretyczna słupa |
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l = |
5,0 |
m |
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współczynnik długości wyboczeniowej: |
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my = |
1,0 |
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mz = |
1,0 |
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klasa użytkowania |
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1 |
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klasa trwania obciążenia: |
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k mod = |
0,7 |
wstaw odpowiednią wartość z tabeli |
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stałe |
0,55 |
0,6 |
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0,60 |
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długotrwałe |
0,6 |
0,7 |
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0,70 |
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średniotrwałe |
0,65 |
0,8 |
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0,80 |
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krótkotrwałe |
0,7 |
0,9 |
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0,90 |
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chwilowe |
0,9 |
1,1 |
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1,10 |
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klasa drewna |
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C 30 |
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cechy mechaniczne drewna: |
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wytrz. na zginanie |
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f m,k = |
30 |
Mpa |
wstaw odpowiednie wartość z normy |
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wytrz. na ściskanie |
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f e,o,u = |
23 |
Mpa |
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średni moduł spręzystości |
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E0,mean = |
12 |
Mpa |
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gęstość charak. Drewna |
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r = |
380 |
kg/m3 |
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połączenie na gwoździe |
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Wartości obliczeniowe |
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f m,d = |
f m,k * |
k mod |
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30 |
0,7 |
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16,15 |
Mpa |
= |
1,62 |
kN/cm2 |
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g M |
1,3 |
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g M = |
1,3 |
wsp.materiałowy dla materiałów drewnopochodnych |
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k mod = |
0,7 |
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f c,o,d = |
f c,o,k * |
k mod |
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23 |
0,7 |
= |
12,38 |
Mpa |
= |
1,24 |
kN/cm2 |
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g M |
1,3 |
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1.2 Dobór przekroju |
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Wstępne ustalenie napreżeń w elemencie ściskanym osiowo |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
f c,o,d |
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k c * |
Ac |
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k c = |
0,4 - 0,5 |
wsp. wyboczeniowy |
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k c = |
0,4 |
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Ac - |
przekrój obliczeniowy |
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Ac > |
N |
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140 |
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282,61 |
cm2 |
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k c * |
f c,o,d |
0,40 |
1,24 |
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Przyjeto przekrój : |
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7,5 |
10 |
7,5 |
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389 |
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20 |
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6,3 |
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7,4 |
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6,3 |
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25 |
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Ac = |
389 |
cm2 |
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389 |
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2. Przyjęcie wielkość i rozstaw gwoździ |
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- średnica gwoździa |
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t min = |
7,5 |
cm |
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0,68 |
1,25 |
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d = |
5,1 |
9,4 |
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przyjeto |
d = |
7 |
cm |
tabela PN Z-7.4.1-2 |
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d = |
7x225 |
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7 * d |
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49 |
mm |
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t max = |
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13 d - 30 |
*r |
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57,95 |
mm |
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400 |
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- rozstaw gwoździ |
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Minimalne rozstawy i odległości gwoździ odczytano z tablicy PN 7.4.1.1 |
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- odległość miedzy gwoździami |
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< |
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dla |
d |
> |
5,0 |
mm |
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> |
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7,00 |
a1 = |
5 |
7 |
cos a |
7 |
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84,0 |
mm |
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przyjeto |
a1 = |
100 |
mm |
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- rozstaw miedzy gwoździami |
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a2 = |
5*d |
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35 |
mm |
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- odległość od końca obciążonego |
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a3 = |
10 |
5 |
cos a |
7 |
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105,0 |
mm |
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- odległość od krawędzi nieobciążonej |
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a4 = |
5 |
7 |
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35 |
mm |
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3. Wyboczenie słipa w płaszczyznie równoległej do szwów: ( oś y ) |
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3.1 Współczynnik redukcyjny gi |
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Jy = |
suma Jyi + |
gy * |
suma Ai * |
eyi2 |
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gy = |
1 |
= |
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1 |
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= |
0,56 |
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1 + |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
* A iy |
* S1 |
1 |
3,14 |
8000 |
0,47 |
50 |
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k l 2 |
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937,0 |
5000 |
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S1 = |
a1 |
= |
100 |
= |
50 |
mm |
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2 |
2 |
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S1 = |
5 |
cm |
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E 0,05 = |
8 Gpa |
= |
8000 |
Mpa |
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A iy = |
7,5 |
6,3 |
= |
47,25 |
cm2 |
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A iy = |
0,47 |
*104 |
mm2 |
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k = |
2/3 kser |
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k - |
moduł podatności złacza |
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kser - |
moduł podatności gwoździa na 1 cięcie wg 7.2 |
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kser = |
ru1.5 * |
d 0.8 |
= |
380 |
7 |
= |
1405,4 |
N/mm |
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25 |
25 |
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k = |
2 |
1405,4 |
= |
937,0 |
N/mm |
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3 |
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3.2 Efektywny moment bezwładności |
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Jefy = |
suma Jyi + |
gy * |
suma Ai * |
eyi2 |
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Jefy = |
10 |
20 |
4 |
7,5 |
6,3 |
4 |
0,56 |
47,25 |
6,85 |
= |
12231 |
cm4 |
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12 |
12 |
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3.3 Smukłość efektywna |
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lef,y = |
my * |
l |
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ief,y |
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my = |
1,0 |
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l = |
500 |
cm |
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ief,y = |
Jefy |
= |
12231 |
= |
5,61 |
cm |
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Ac |
389 |
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lef,y = |
1,0 |
500 |
= |
89,17 |
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5,61 |
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3.4 Współczynnik wyboczeniowy |
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naprężenie krytyczne |
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sc,cvity = |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
= |
3,14 |
8000 |
= |
9,92 |
Mpa |
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lef,y2 |
89,17 |
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smukłość sprawdzona |
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lred,y = |
f e,o,u |
= |
23 |
= |
1,52 |
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sc,cvity |
9,92 |
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współczynnik ky |
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ky = |
0,5[1+bc(lred.y - 0,5) + lerd.y2] |
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bc - wsp dotyczacy prostoliniowości elementów |
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bc = |
0,2 |
dla drewna litego |
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ky = |
1,76 |
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współczynnik wyboczeniowy kc.y |
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kc.y = |
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1 |
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ky + |
ky2 - |
lred2,y |
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kc.y = |
|
1 |
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= |
0,38 |
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1,76 |
1,76 |
1,52 |
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3.5 Sprawdzenie napręzeń w przekroju |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
1,0 |
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kc.y * |
Ac * |
f c,o,d |
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sc,o,d = |
140 |
= |
0,77 |
< |
1,00 |
Mpa |
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0,38 |
389,00 |
1,24 |
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4. Wyboczenie słupa w płaszczyznie prostopadłej do szwów: ( oś z ) |
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4.1 Współczynnik redukcyjny gi |
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Jz = |
suma Jzi + |
gz * |
suma Ai * |
ezi2 |
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gz = |
1 |
= |
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1 |
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= |
0,56 |
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1 + |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
* A iż |
* S1 |
1 |
3,14 |
8000 |
0,4725 |
50 |
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k l 2 |
|
937,0 |
5000 |
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S1 = |
a1 |
= |
100 |
= |
50 |
mm |
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2 |
2 |
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S1 = |
5 |
cm |
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E 0,05 = |
8 Gpa |
= |
8000 |
Mpa |
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A iz = |
7,5 |
6,3 |
= |
47,25 |
cm2 |
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A iz = |
0,4725 |
*104 |
mm2 |
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k = |
2/3 kser |
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k - |
moduł podatności złacza |
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kser - |
moduł podatności gwoździa na 1 cięcie wg 7.2 |
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kser = |
ru1.5 * |
d 0.8 |
= |
380 |
7 |
= |
1405,4 |
N/mm |
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25 |
25 |
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k = |
2 |
1405,4 |
= |
937,0 |
N/mm |
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3 |
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4.2 Efektywny moment bezwładności |
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Jefz = |
suma Jzi + |
gz * |
suma Ai * |
ezi2 |
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Jefz = |
20 |
10 |
4 |
6,3 |
7,5 |
4 |
0,56 |
47,25 |
8,75 |
= |
10612 |
cm4 |
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12 |
12 |
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4.3 Smukłość efektywna |
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lef,z = |
mz * |
l |
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ief,z |
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mz = |
1,0 |
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l = |
500 |
cm |
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ief,z = |
Jefz |
= |
10612 |
= |
5,22 |
cm |
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Ac |
389 |
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lef,z = |
1,0 |
500 |
= |
95,73 |
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5,22 |
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4.4 Współczynnik wyboczeniowy |
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naprężenie krytyczne |
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sc,cvitz = |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
= |
3,14 |
8000 |
= |
8,61 |
Mpa |
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lef,z2 |
95,73 |
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smukłość sprawdzona |
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lred,z = |
f e,o,u |
= |
23 |
= |
1,63 |
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sc,cvitz |
8,61 |
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współczynnik kz |
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kz = |
0,5[1+bc(lred.z - 0,5) + lerd.z2] |
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bc - wsp dotyczacy prostoliniowości elementów |
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bc = |
0,2 |
dla drewna litego |
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ky = |
1,95 |
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współczynnik wyboczeniowy kc.z |
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kc.z = |
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1 |
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kz + |
kz2 - |
lred2,z |
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kc.z = |
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1 |
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= |
0,33 |
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1,95 |
1,95 |
1,63 |
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3.5 Sprawdzenie napręzeń w przekroju |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
1,0 |
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kc.z * |
Ac * |
f c,o,d |
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sc,o,d = |
140 |
= |
0,88 |
< |
1,00 |
Mpa |
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0,33 |
389,00 |
1,24 |
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2,19 |
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1,74 |
7,5 |
0,7 |
= |
9,135 |
1 |
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1,74 |
13,85 |
0,7 |
1 |
= |
16,8693 |
2 |
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0,732393919576601 |
3 |
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6,35813914178599 |
4 |
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3,66334810900678 |
5 |
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2,54069998228835 |
6 |
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Ćwiczenie projektowe nr 1 |
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Zaprojektować słup drewniany ściskany osiowo , o przekroju złożonym, przy nastepujacych założeniach |
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1.1 Dane: |
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wstaw dane: |
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obliczeniowa siła ściskająca |
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N = |
140 |
kN |
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długość teoretyczna słupa |
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l = |
5,0 |
m |
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współczynnik długości wyboczeniowej: |
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my = |
1,0 |
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mz = |
1,0 |
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klasa użytkowania |
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1 |
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klasa trwania obciążenia: |
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k mod = |
0,7 |
wstaw odpowiednią wartość z tabeli |
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stałe |
0,55 |
0,6 |
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0,60 |
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długotrwałe |
0,6 |
0,7 |
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0,70 |
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średniotrwałe |
0,65 |
0,8 |
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0,80 |
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krótkotrwałe |
0,7 |
0,9 |
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0,90 |
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chwilowe |
0,9 |
1,1 |
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1,10 |
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klasa drewna |
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C 30 |
wstaw odpowiednie wartość z normy |
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cechy mechaniczne drewna: |
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wytrz. na zginanie |
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f m,k = |
30 |
Mpa |
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wytrz. na ściskanie |
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f e,o,u = |
23 |
Mpa |
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średni moduł spręzystości |
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E0,mean = |
12 |
Mpa |
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gęstość charak. Drewna |
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r = |
380 |
kg/m3 |
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połączenie na gwoździe |
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Wartości obliczeniowe |
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f m,d = |
f m,k * |
k mod |
= |
30 |
0,7 |
= |
16,15 |
Mpa |
= |
1,62 |
kN/cm2 |
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g M |
1,3 |
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g M = |
1,3 |
wsp.materiałowy dla materiałów drewnopochodnych |
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k mod = |
0,7 |
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f c,o,d = |
f c,o,k * |
k mod |
= |
23 |
0,7 |
= |
12,38 |
Mpa |
= |
1,24 |
kN/cm2 |
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g M |
1,3 |
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1.2 Dobór przekroju |
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Wstępne ustalenie napreżeń w elemencie ściskanym osiowo |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
f c,o,d |
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k c * |
Ac |
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k c = |
0,4 - 0,5 |
wsp. wyboczeniowy |
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k c = |
0,4 |
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Ac - |
przekrój obliczeniowy |
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Ac > |
N |
= |
140 |
= |
282,61 |
cm2 |
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k c * |
f c,o,d |
0,40 |
1,24 |
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Przyjeto przekrój : |
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7 |
10 |
7 |
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24 |
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7 |
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436 |
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10 |
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7 |
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24 |
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Ac = |
436 |
cm2 |
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2. Przyjęcie wielkość i rozstaw gwoździ |
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- średnica gwoździa |
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t min = |
7 |
cm |
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d = |
0,64 |
1,17 |
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przyjeto |
d = |
7 |
cm |
tabela PN Z-7.4.1-2 |
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d = |
7x200 |
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7 * d |
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49 |
mm |
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t max = |
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13 d - 30 |
*r |
= |
57,95 |
mm |
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400 |
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- rozstaw gwoździ |
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Minimalne rozstawy i odległości gwoździ odczytano z tablicy PN 7.4.1.1 |
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- odległość miedzy gwoździami |
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< |
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dla |
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> |
5,0 |
mm |
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> |
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7,00 |
a1 = |
5 |
7 |
cos a |
7 |
= |
84,0 |
mm |
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przyjeto |
a1 = |
100 |
mm |
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- rozstaw miedzy gwoździami |
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a2 = |
5*d |
= |
35 |
mm |
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- odległość od końca obciążonego |
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a3 = |
10 |
5 |
cos a |
7 |
= |
105,0 |
mm |
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- odległość od krawędzi nieobciążonej |
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a4 = |
5 |
7 |
= |
35 |
mm |
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3. Wyboczenie słipa w płaszczyznie równoległej do szwów: ( oś y ) |
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3.1 Współczynnik redukcyjny gi |
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Jy = |
suma Jyi + |
gy * |
suma Ai * |
eyi2 |
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gy = |
1 |
= |
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1 |
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= |
0,46 |
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1 + |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
* A iy |
* S1 |
1 |
3,14 |
8000 |
0,70 |
50 |
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k l 2 |
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937,0 |
5000 |
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S1 = |
a1 |
= |
100 |
= |
50 |
mm |
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2 |
2 |
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S1 = |
5 |
cm |
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E 0,05 = |
8 Gpa |
= |
8000 |
Mpa |
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A iy = |
10 |
7 |
= |
70 |
cm2 |
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A iy = |
0,70 |
*104 |
mm2 |
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k = |
2/3 kser |
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k - |
moduł podatności złacza |
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kser - |
moduł podatności gwoździa na 1 cięcie wg 7.2 |
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kser = |
ru1.5 * |
d 0.8 |
= |
380 |
7 |
= |
1405,4 |
N/mm |
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25 |
25 |
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k = |
2 |
1405,4 |
= |
937,0 |
N/mm |
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3 |
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3.2 Efektywny moment bezwładności |
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Jefy = |
suma Jyi + |
gy * |
suma Ai * |
eyi2 |
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Jefy = |
10 |
10 |
2 |
24 |
7 |
2 |
0,46 |
168 |
8,5 |
= |
14720 |
cm4 |
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12 |
12 |
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3.3 Smukłość efektywna |
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lef,y = |
my * |
l |
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ief,y |
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my = |
1,0 |
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l = |
500 |
cm |
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ief,y = |
Jefy |
= |
14720 |
= |
5,81 |
cm |
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Ac |
436 |
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lef,y = |
1,0 |
500 |
= |
86,05 |
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5,81 |
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3.4 Współczynnik wyboczeniowy |
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naprężenie krytyczne |
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sc,cvity = |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
= |
3,14 |
8000 |
= |
10,65 |
Mpa |
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lef,y2 |
86,05 |
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smukłość sprawdzona |
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lred,y = |
f e,o,u |
= |
23 |
= |
1,47 |
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sc,cvity |
10,65 |
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współczynnik ky |
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ky = |
0,5[1+bc(lred.y - 0,5) + lerd.y2] |
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bc - wsp dotyczacy prostoliniowości elementów |
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bc = |
0,2 |
dla drewna litego |
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ky = |
1,68 |
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współczynnik wyboczeniowy kc.y |
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kc.y = |
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1 |
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ky + |
ky2 - |
lred2,y |
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kc.y = |
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1 |
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= |
0,40 |
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1,68 |
1,68 |
1,47 |
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3.5 Sprawdzenie napręzeń w przekroju |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
1,0 |
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kc.y * |
Ac * |
f c,o,d |
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sc,o,d = |
140 |
= |
0,64 |
< |
1,00 |
Mpa |
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0,40 |
436,00 |
1,24 |
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4. Wyboczenie słipa w płaszczyznie równoległej do szwów: ( oś z ) |
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4.1 Współczynnik redukcyjny gi |
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Jz = |
suma Jzi + |
gz * |
suma Ai * |
ezi2 |
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gz = |
1 |
= |
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1 |
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= |
0,46 |
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1 + |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
* A iż |
* S1 |
1 |
3,14 |
8000 |
0,7 |
50 |
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k l 2 |
|
937,0 |
5000 |
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S1 = |
a1 |
= |
100 |
= |
50 |
mm |
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2 |
2 |
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S1 = |
5 |
cm |
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E 0,05 = |
8 Gpa |
= |
8000 |
Mpa |
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A iz = |
10 |
7 |
= |
70 |
cm2 |
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A iz = |
0,7 |
*104 |
mm2 |
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k = |
2/3 kser |
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k - |
moduł podatności złacza |
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kser - |
moduł podatności gwoździa na 1 cięcie wg 7.2 |
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kser = |
ru1.5 * |
d 0.8 |
= |
380 |
7 |
= |
1405,4 |
N/mm |
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25 |
25 |
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k = |
2 |
1405,4 |
= |
937,0 |
N/mm |
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3 |
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4.2 Efektywny moment bezwładności |
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Jefz = |
suma Jzi + |
gz * |
suma Ai * |
ezi2 |
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Jefz = |
10 |
10 |
2 |
7 |
24 |
2 |
0,46 |
1 |
1 |
= |
33090 |
cm4 |
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12 |
12 |
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4.3 Smukłość efektywna |
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lef,z = |
mz * |
l |
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ief,z |
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mz = |
1,0 |
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l = |
500 |
cm |
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ief,z = |
Jefz |
= |
33090 |
= |
8,71 |
cm |
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Ac |
436 |
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lef,z = |
1,0 |
500 |
= |
57,39 |
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8,71 |
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4.4 Współczynnik wyboczeniowy |
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naprężenie krytyczne |
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sc,cvitz = |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
= |
3,14 |
8000 |
= |
23,95 |
Mpa |
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lef,z2 |
57,39 |
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smukłość sprawdzona |
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lred,z = |
f e,o,u |
= |
23 |
= |
0,98 |
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sc,cvitz |
23,95 |
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współczynnik kz |
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kz = |
0,5[1+bc(lred.z - 0,5) + lerd.z2] |
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bc - wsp dotyczacy prostoliniowości elementów |
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bc = |
0,2 |
dla drewna litego |
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ky = |
1,03 |
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współczynnik wyboczeniowy kc.z |
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kc.z = |
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1 |
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kz + |
kz2 - |
lred2,z |
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kc.z = |
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1 |
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= |
0,75 |
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1,03 |
1,03 |
0,98 |
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3.5 Sprawdzenie napręzeń w przekroju |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
1,0 |
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kc.z * |
Ac * |
f c,o,d |
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sc,o,d = |
140 |
= |
0,35 |
< |
1,00 |
Mpa |
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0,75 |
436,00 |
1,24 |
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Ćwiczenie projektowe nr 1 |
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Zaprojektować słup drewniany ściskany osiowo , o przekroju złożonym, przy nastepujacych założeniach |
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1.1 Dane: |
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wstaw dane: |
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obliczeniowa siła ściskająca |
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N = |
140 |
kN |
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długość teoretyczna słupa |
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l = |
5,0 |
m |
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współczynnik długości wyboczeniowej: |
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my = |
1,0 |
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mz = |
1,0 |
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klasa użytkowania |
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1 |
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klasa trwania obciążenia: |
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k mod = |
0,7 |
wstaw odpowiednią wartość z tabeli |
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stałe |
0,55 |
0,6 |
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0,60 |
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długotrwałe |
0,6 |
0,7 |
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0,70 |
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średniotrwałe |
0,65 |
0,8 |
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0,80 |
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krótkotrwałe |
0,7 |
0,9 |
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0,90 |
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chwilowe |
0,9 |
1,1 |
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1,10 |
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klasa drewna |
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C 30 |
wstaw odpowiednie wartość z normy |
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cechy mechaniczne drewna: |
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wytrz. na zginanie |
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f m,k = |
30 |
Mpa |
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wytrz. na ściskanie |
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f e,o,u = |
23 |
Mpa |
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średni moduł spręzystości |
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E0,mean = |
12 |
Mpa |
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gęstość charak. Drewna |
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r = |
380 |
kg/m3 |
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połączenie na gwoździe |
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Wartości obliczeniowe |
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f m,d = |
f m,k * |
k mod |
= |
30 |
0,7 |
= |
16,15 |
Mpa |
= |
1,62 |
kN/cm2 |
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g M |
1,3 |
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g M = |
1,3 |
wsp.materiałowy dla materiałów drewnopochodnych |
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k mod = |
0,7 |
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f c,o,d = |
f c,o,k * |
k mod |
= |
23 |
0,7 |
= |
12,38 |
Mpa |
= |
1,24 |
kN/cm2 |
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g M |
1,3 |
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1.2 Dobór przekroju |
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Wstępne ustalenie napreżeń w elemencie ściskanym osiowo |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
f c,o,d |
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k c * |
Ac |
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k c = |
0,4 - 0,5 |
wsp. wyboczeniowy |
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k c = |
0,4 |
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Ac - |
przekrój obliczeniowy |
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Ac > |
N |
= |
140 |
= |
282,61 |
cm2 |
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k c * |
f c,o,d |
0,40 |
1,24 |
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Przyjeto przekrój : |
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7 |
10 |
7 |
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24 |
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7 |
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436 |
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10 |
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7 |
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24 |
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Ac = |
436 |
cm2 |
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2. Przyjęcie wielkość i rozstaw gwoździ |
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- średnica gwoździa |
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t min = |
7 |
cm |
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d = |
0,64 |
1,17 |
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przyjeto |
d = |
7 |
cm |
tabela PN Z-7.4.1-2 |
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d = |
7x200 |
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7 * d |
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49 |
mm |
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t max = |
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13 d - 30 |
*r |
= |
57,95 |
mm |
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400 |
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- rozstaw gwoździ |
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Minimalne rozstawy i odległości gwoździ odczytano z tablicy PN 7.4.1.1 |
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- odległość miedzy gwoździami |
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< |
> |
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dla |
d |
> |
5,0 |
mm |
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> |
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7,00 |
a1 = |
5 |
7 |
cos a |
7 |
= |
84,0 |
mm |
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przyjeto |
a1 = |
100 |
mm |
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- rozstaw miedzy gwoździami |
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a2 = |
5*d |
= |
35 |
mm |
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- odległość od końca obciążonego |
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a3 = |
10 |
5 |
cos a |
7 |
= |
105,0 |
mm |
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- odległość od krawędzi nieobciążonej |
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a4 = |
5 |
7 |
= |
35 |
mm |
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3. Wyboczenie słipa w płaszczyznie równoległej do szwów: ( oś y ) |
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3.1 Współczynnik redukcyjny gi |
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Jy = |
suma Jyi + |
gy * |
suma Ai * |
eyi2 |
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gy = |
1 |
= |
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1 |
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= |
0,55 |
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1 + |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
* A iy |
* S1 |
1 |
3,14 |
8000 |
0,49 |
50 |
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k l 2 |
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937,0 |
5000 |
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S1 = |
a1 |
= |
100 |
= |
50 |
mm |
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2 |
2 |
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S1 = |
5 |
cm |
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E 0,05 = |
8 Gpa |
= |
8000 |
Mpa |
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A iy = |
7 |
7 |
= |
49 |
cm2 |
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A iy = |
0,49 |
*104 |
mm2 |
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k = |
2/3 kser |
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k - |
moduł podatności złacza |
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kser - |
moduł podatności gwoździa na 1 cięcie wg 7.2 |
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kser = |
ru1.5 * |
d 0.8 |
= |
380 |
7 |
= |
1405,4 |
N/mm |
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25 |
25 |
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k = |
2 |
1405,4 |
= |
937,0 |
N/mm |
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3 |
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3.2 Efektywny moment bezwładności |
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Jefy = |
suma Jyi + |
gy * |
suma Ai * |
eyi2 |
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Jefy = |
2 |
7 |
10 |
2 |
24 |
7 |
2 |
0,55 |
168 |
8,5 |
= |
15841 |
cm4 |
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12 |
12 |
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3.3 Smukłość efektywna |
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lef,y = |
my * |
l |
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ief,y |
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my = |
1,0 |
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l = |
500 |
cm |
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ief,y = |
Jefy |
= |
15841 |
= |
6,03 |
cm |
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Ac |
436 |
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lef,y = |
1,0 |
500 |
= |
82,95 |
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6,03 |
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3.4 Współczynnik wyboczeniowy |
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naprężenie krytyczne |
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sc,cvity = |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
= |
3,14 |
8000 |
= |
11,46 |
Mpa |
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lef,y2 |
82,95 |
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smukłość sprawdzona |
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lred,y = |
f e,o,u |
= |
23 |
= |
1,42 |
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sc,cvity |
11,46 |
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współczynnik ky |
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ky = |
0,5[1+bc(lred.y - 0,5) + lerd.y2] |
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bc - wsp dotyczacy prostoliniowości elementów |
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bc = |
0,2 |
dla drewna litego |
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ky = |
1,59 |
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współczynnik wyboczeniowy kc.y |
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kc.y = |
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1 |
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ky + |
ky2 - |
lred2,y |
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kc.y = |
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1 |
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0,43 |
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1,59 |
1,59 |
1,42 |
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3.5 Sprawdzenie napręzeń w przekroju |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
1,0 |
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kc.y * |
Ac * |
f c,o,d |
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sc,o,d = |
140 |
= |
0,60 |
< |
1,00 |
Mpa |
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0,43 |
436,00 |
1,24 |
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4. Wyboczenie słipa w płaszczyznie równoległej do szwów: ( oś z ) |
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4.1 Współczynnik redukcyjny gi |
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Jz = |
suma Jzi + |
gz * |
suma Ai * |
ezi2 |
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gz = |
1 |
= |
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1 |
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= |
0,55 |
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1 + |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
* A iż |
* S1 |
1 |
3,14 |
8000 |
0,49 |
50 |
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k l 2 |
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937,0 |
5000 |
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S1 = |
a1 |
= |
100 |
= |
50 |
mm |
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2 |
2 |
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S1 = |
5 |
cm |
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E 0,05 = |
8 Gpa |
= |
8000 |
Mpa |
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A iz = |
7 |
7 |
= |
49 |
cm2 |
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A iz = |
0,49 |
*104 |
mm2 |
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k = |
2/3 kser |
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k - |
moduł podatności złacza |
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kser - |
moduł podatności gwoździa na 1 cięcie wg 7.2 |
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kser = |
ru1.5 * |
d 0.8 |
= |
380 |
7 |
= |
1405,4 |
N/mm |
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25 |
25 |
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k = |
2 |
1405,4 |
= |
937,0 |
N/mm |
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3 |
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4.2 Efektywny moment bezwładności |
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Jefz = |
suma Jzi + |
gz * |
suma Ai * |
ezi2 |
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Jefy = |
2 |
10 |
7 |
2 |
70 |
8,5 |
7 |
24 |
2 |
0,55 |
= |
22242 |
cm4 |
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12 |
12 |
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4.3 Smukłość efektywna |
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lef,z = |
mz * |
l |
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ief,z |
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mz = |
1,0 |
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l = |
500 |
cm |
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ief,z = |
Jefz |
= |
22242 |
= |
7,14 |
cm |
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Ac |
436 |
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lef,z = |
1,0 |
500 |
= |
70,00 |
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7,14 |
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4.4 Współczynnik wyboczeniowy |
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naprężenie krytyczne |
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sc,cvitz = |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
= |
3,14 |
8000 |
= |
16,10 |
Mpa |
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lef,z2 |
70,00 |
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smukłość sprawdzona |
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lred,z = |
f e,o,u |
= |
23 |
= |
1,20 |
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sc,cvitz |
16,10 |
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współczynnik kz |
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kz = |
0,5[1+bc(lred.z - 0,5) + lerd.z2] |
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bc - wsp dotyczacy prostoliniowości elementów |
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bc = |
0,2 |
dla drewna litego |
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ky = |
1,28 |
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współczynnik wyboczeniowy kc.z |
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kc.z = |
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1 |
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kz + |
kz2 - |
lred2,z |
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kc.z = |
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1 |
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= |
0,57 |
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1,28 |
1,28 |
1,20 |
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3.5 Sprawdzenie napręzeń w przekroju |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
1,0 |
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kc.z * |
Ac * |
f c,o,d |
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sc,o,d = |
140 |
= |
0,45 |
< |
1,00 |
Mpa |
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0,57 |
436,00 |
1,24 |
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Ćwiczenie projektowe nr 1 |
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Zaprojektować słup drewniany ściskany osiowo , o przekroju złożonym, przy nastepujacych założeniach |
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1.1 Dane: |
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wstaw dane: |
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obliczeniowa siła ściskająca |
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N = |
140 |
kN |
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długość teoretyczna słupa |
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l = |
5,0 |
m |
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współczynnik długości wyboczeniowej: |
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my = |
1,0 |
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mz = |
1,0 |
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klasa użytkowania |
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1 |
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klasa trwania obciążenia: |
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k mod = |
0,7 |
wstaw odpowiednią wartość z tabeli |
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stałe |
0,55 |
0,6 |
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0,60 |
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długotrwałe |
0,6 |
0,7 |
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0,70 |
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średniotrwałe |
0,65 |
0,8 |
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0,80 |
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krótkotrwałe |
0,7 |
0,9 |
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0,90 |
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chwilowe |
0,9 |
1,1 |
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1,10 |
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klasa drewna |
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C 30 |
wstaw odpowiednie wartość z normy |
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cechy mechaniczne drewna: |
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wytrz. na zginanie |
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f m,k = |
30 |
Mpa |
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wytrz. na ściskanie |
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f e,o,u = |
23 |
Mpa |
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średni moduł spręzystości |
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E0,mean = |
12 |
Mpa |
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gęstość charak. Drewna |
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r = |
380 |
kg/m3 |
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połączenie na gwoździe |
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Wartości obliczeniowe |
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f m,d = |
f m,k * |
k mod |
= |
30 |
0,7 |
= |
16,15 |
Mpa |
= |
1,62 |
kN/cm2 |
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g M |
1,3 |
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g M = |
1,3 |
wsp.materiałowy dla materiałów drewnopochodnych |
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k mod = |
0,7 |
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f c,o,d = |
f c,o,k * |
k mod |
= |
23 |
0,7 |
= |
12,38 |
Mpa |
= |
1,24 |
kN/cm2 |
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g M |
1,3 |
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1.2 Dobór przekroju |
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Wstępne ustalenie napreżeń w elemencie ściskanym osiowo |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
f c,o,d |
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k c * |
Ac |
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k c = |
0,4 - 0,5 |
wsp. wyboczeniowy |
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k c = |
0,4 |
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Ac - |
przekrój obliczeniowy |
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Ac > |
N |
= |
140 |
= |
282,61 |
cm2 |
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k c * |
f c,o,d |
0,40 |
1,24 |
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Przyjeto przekrój : |
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7 |
10 |
7 |
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24 |
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7 |
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436 |
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10 |
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7 |
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24 |
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Ac = |
436 |
cm2 |
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2. Przyjęcie wielkość i rozstaw gwoździ |
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- średnica gwoździa |
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t min = |
7 |
cm |
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d = |
0,64 |
1,17 |
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przyjeto |
d = |
7 |
cm |
tabela PN Z-7.4.1-2 |
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d = |
7x200 |
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7 * d |
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49 |
mm |
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t max = |
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13 d - 30 |
*r |
= |
57,95 |
mm |
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400 |
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- rozstaw gwoździ |
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Minimalne rozstawy i odległości gwoździ odczytano z tablicy PN 7.4.1.1 |
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- odległość miedzy gwoździami |
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< |
> |
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dla |
d |
> |
5,0 |
mm |
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> |
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7,00 |
a1 = |
5 |
7 |
cos a |
7 |
= |
84,0 |
mm |
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przyjeto |
a1 = |
100 |
mm |
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- rozstaw miedzy gwoździami |
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a2 = |
5*d |
= |
35 |
mm |
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- odległość od końca obciążonego |
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a3 = |
10 |
5 |
cos a |
7 |
= |
105,0 |
mm |
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- odległość od krawędzi nieobciążonej |
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a4 = |
5 |
7 |
= |
35 |
mm |
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3. Wyboczenie słipa w płaszczyznie równoległej do szwów: ( oś y ) |
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3.1 Współczynnik redukcyjny gi |
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Jy = |
suma Jyi + |
gy * |
suma Ai * |
eyi2 |
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gy = |
1 |
= |
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1 |
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0,46 |
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1 + |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
* A iy |
* S1 |
1 |
3,14 |
8000 |
0,70 |
50 |
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k l 2 |
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937,0 |
5000 |
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S1 = |
a1 |
= |
100 |
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50 |
mm |
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2 |
2 |
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S1 = |
5 |
cm |
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E 0,05 = |
8 Gpa |
= |
8000 |
Mpa |
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A iy = |
10 |
7 |
= |
70 |
cm2 |
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A iy = |
0,70 |
*104 |
mm2 |
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k = |
2/3 kser |
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k - |
moduł podatności złacza |
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kser - |
moduł podatności gwoździa na 1 cięcie wg 7.2 |
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kser = |
ru1.5 * |
d 0.8 |
= |
380 |
7 |
= |
1405,4 |
N/mm |
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25 |
25 |
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k = |
2 |
1405,4 |
= |
937,0 |
N/mm |
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3 |
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3.2 Efektywny moment bezwładności |
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Jefy = |
suma Jyi + |
gy * |
suma Ai * |
eyi2 |
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Jefy = |
10 |
10 |
2 |
24 |
7 |
2 |
0,46 |
168 |
8,5 |
= |
14720 |
cm4 |
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12 |
12 |
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3.3 Smukłość efektywna |
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lef,y = |
my * |
l |
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ief,y |
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my = |
1,0 |
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l = |
500 |
cm |
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ief,y = |
Jefy |
= |
14720 |
= |
5,81 |
cm |
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Ac |
436 |
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lef,y = |
1,0 |
500 |
= |
86,05 |
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5,81 |
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3.4 Współczynnik wyboczeniowy |
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naprężenie krytyczne |
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sc,cvity = |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
= |
3,14 |
8000 |
= |
10,65 |
Mpa |
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lef,y2 |
86,05 |
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smukłość sprawdzona |
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lred,y = |
f e,o,u |
= |
23 |
= |
1,47 |
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sc,cvity |
10,65 |
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współczynnik ky |
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ky = |
0,5[1+bc(lred.y - 0,5) + lerd.y2] |
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bc - wsp dotyczacy prostoliniowości elementów |
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bc = |
0,2 |
dla drewna litego |
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ky = |
1,68 |
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współczynnik wyboczeniowy kc.y |
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kc.y = |
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ky + |
ky2 - |
lred2,y |
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kc.y = |
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1 |
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0,40 |
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1,68 |
1,68 |
1,47 |
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3.5 Sprawdzenie napręzeń w przekroju |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
1,0 |
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kc.y * |
Ac * |
f c,o,d |
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sc,o,d = |
140 |
= |
0,64 |
< |
1,00 |
Mpa |
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0,40 |
436,00 |
1,24 |
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4. Wyboczenie słipa w płaszczyznie równoległej do szwów: ( oś z ) |
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4.1 Współczynnik redukcyjny gi |
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Jz = |
suma Jzi + |
gz * |
suma Ai * |
ezi2 |
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gz = |
1 |
= |
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1 |
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= |
0,46 |
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1 + |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
* A iż |
* S1 |
1 |
3,14 |
8000 |
0,7 |
50 |
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k l 2 |
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937,0 |
5000 |
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S1 = |
a1 |
= |
100 |
= |
50 |
mm |
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2 |
2 |
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S1 = |
5 |
cm |
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E 0,05 = |
8 Gpa |
= |
8000 |
Mpa |
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A iz = |
10 |
7 |
= |
70 |
cm2 |
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A iz = |
0,7 |
*104 |
mm2 |
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k = |
2/3 kser |
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k - |
moduł podatności złacza |
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kser - |
moduł podatności gwoździa na 1 cięcie wg 7.2 |
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kser = |
ru1.5 * |
d 0.8 |
= |
380 |
7 |
= |
1405,4 |
N/mm |
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25 |
25 |
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k = |
2 |
1405,4 |
= |
937,0 |
N/mm |
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3 |
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4.2 Efektywny moment bezwładności |
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Jefz = |
suma Jzi + |
gz * |
suma Ai * |
ezi2 |
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Jefz = |
10 |
10 |
2 |
7 |
24 |
2 |
0,46 |
168 |
8,5 |
= |
44232 |
cm4 |
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12 |
12 |
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4.3 Smukłość efektywna |
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lef,z = |
mz * |
l |
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ief,z |
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mz = |
1,0 |
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l = |
500 |
cm |
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ief,z = |
Jefz |
= |
44232 |
= |
10,07 |
cm |
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Ac |
436 |
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lef,z = |
1,0 |
500 |
= |
49,64 |
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10,07 |
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4.4 Współczynnik wyboczeniowy |
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naprężenie krytyczne |
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sc,cvitz = |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
= |
3,14 |
8000 |
= |
32,01 |
Mpa |
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lef,z2 |
49,64 |
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smukłość sprawdzona |
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lred,z = |
f e,o,u |
= |
23 |
= |
0,85 |
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sc,cvitz |
32,01 |
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współczynnik kz |
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kz = |
0,5[1+bc(lred.z - 0,5) + lerd.z2] |
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bc - wsp dotyczacy prostoliniowości elementów |
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bc = |
0,2 |
dla drewna litego |
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ky = |
0,89 |
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współczynnik wyboczeniowy kc.z |
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kc.z = |
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1 |
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kz + |
kz2 - |
lred2,z |
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kc.z = |
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1 |
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= |
0,85 |
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0,89 |
0,89 |
0,85 |
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3.5 Sprawdzenie napręzeń w przekroju |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
1,0 |
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kc.z * |
Ac * |
f c,o,d |
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sc,o,d = |
140 |
= |
0,31 |
< |
1,00 |
Mpa |
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0,85 |
436,00 |
1,24 |
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Ćwiczenie projektowe nr 1 |
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Zaprojektować słup drewniany ściskany osiowo , o przekroju złożonym, przy nastepujacych założeniach |
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1.1 Dane: |
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wstaw dane: |
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obliczeniowa siła ściskająca |
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N = |
95 |
kN |
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długość teoretyczna słupa |
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l = |
4,8 |
m |
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współczynnik długości wyboczeniowej: |
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my = |
1,0 |
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mz = |
1,0 |
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klasa użytkowania |
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2 |
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klasa trwania obciążenia: |
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k mod = |
0,7 |
wstaw odpowiednią wartość z tabeli |
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stałe |
0,55 |
0,6 |
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0,60 |
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długotrwałe |
0,6 |
0,7 |
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0,70 |
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średniotrwałe |
0,65 |
0,8 |
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0,80 |
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krótkotrwałe |
0,7 |
0,9 |
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0,90 |
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chwilowe |
0,9 |
1,1 |
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1,10 |
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klasa drewna |
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C 27 |
wstaw odpowiednie wartość z normy |
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cechy mechaniczne drewna: |
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wytrz. na zginanie |
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f m,k = |
27 |
Mpa |
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wytrz. na ściskanie |
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f e,o,u = |
22 |
Mpa |
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średni moduł spręzystości |
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E0,mean = |
12 |
Mpa |
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gęstość charak. Drewna |
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ρ= |
370 |
kg/m3 |
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połączenie na gwoździe |
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Wartości obliczeniowe |
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f m,d = |
f m,k * |
k mod |
= |
27 |
0,7 |
= |
14,54 |
Mpa |
= |
1,45 |
kN/cm2 |
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g M |
1,3 |
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g M = |
1,3 |
wsp.materiałowy dla materiałów drewnopochodnych |
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k mod = |
0,7 |
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f c,o,d = |
f c,o,k * |
k mod |
= |
22 |
0,7 |
= |
11,85 |
Mpa |
= |
1,18 |
kN/cm2 |
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g M |
1,3 |
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1.2 Dobór przekroju |
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Wstępne ustalenie napreżeń w elemencie ściskanym osiowo |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
f c,o,d |
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k c * |
Ac |
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k c = |
0,4 - 0,5 |
wsp. wyboczeniowy |
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k c = |
0,4 |
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Ac - |
przekrój obliczeniowy |
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Ac > |
N |
= |
95 |
= |
200,49 |
cm2 |
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k c * |
f c,o,d |
0,40 |
1,18 |
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Przyjeto przekrój : |
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5 |
10 |
5 |
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20 |
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5 |
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300 |
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10 |
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5 |
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20 |
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Ac = |
300 |
cm2 |
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2. Przyjęcie wielkość i rozstaw gwoździ |
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- średnica gwoździa |
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t min = |
5 |
cm |
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d = |
0,45 |
0,83 |
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przyjeto |
d = |
5 |
mm |
tabela PN Z-7.4.1-2 |
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d = |
5x125 |
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7 * d |
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= |
35 |
mm |
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t max = |
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13 d - 30 |
*ρ |
= |
32,375 |
mm |
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400 |
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- rozstaw gwoździ |
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Minimalne rozstawy i odległości gwoździ odczytano z tablicy PN 7.4.1.1 |
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- odległość miedzy gwoździami |
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< |
> |
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dla |
d |
> |
5,0 |
mm |
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> |
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7,00 |
a1 = |
5 |
7 |
cos a |
5 |
= |
60,0 |
mm |
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przyjeto |
a1 = |
100 |
mm |
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- rozstaw miedzy gwoździami |
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a2 = |
5*d |
= |
25 |
mm |
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- odległość od końca obciążonego |
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a3 = |
10 |
5 |
cos a |
5 |
= |
75,0 |
mm |
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- odległość od krawędzi nieobciążonej |
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a4 = |
5 |
5 |
= |
25 |
mm |
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3. Wyboczenie słipa w płaszczyznie równoległej do szwów: ( oś y ) |
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3.1 Współczynnik redukcyjny gi |
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Jy = |
suma Jyi + |
gy * |
suma Ai * |
eyi2 |
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gy = |
1 |
= |
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1 |
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= |
0,62 |
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1 + |
ρ2 |
* E 0,05 |
* A iy |
* S1 |
1 |
3,14 |
8000 |
0,25 |
50 |
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k l 2 |
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687,8 |
4800 |
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S1 = |
a1 |
= |
100 |
= |
50 |
mm |
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2 |
2 |
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S1 = |
5 |
cm |
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E 0,05 = |
8 Gpa |
= |
8000 |
Mpa |
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A iy = |
5 |
5 |
= |
25 |
cm2 |
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A iy = |
0,25 |
*104 |
mm2 |
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k = |
2/3 kser |
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k - |
moduł podatności złacza |
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kser - |
moduł podatności gwoździa na 1 cięcie wg 7.2 |
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kser = |
ρu1.5 * |
d 0.8 |
= |
370 |
5 |
= |
1031,7 |
N/mm |
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25 |
25 |
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k = |
2 |
1031,7 |
= |
687,8 |
N/mm |
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3 |
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3.2 Efektywny moment bezwładności |
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Jefy = |
suma Jyi + |
gy * |
suma Ai * |
eyi2 |
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Jefy = |
2 |
5 |
10 |
2 |
20 |
5 |
2 |
0,62 |
100 |
7,5 |
= |
8185 |
cm4 |
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12 |
12 |
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3.3 Smukłość efektywna |
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lef,y = |
my * |
l |
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ief,y |
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my = |
1,0 |
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l = |
480 |
cm |
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ief,y = |
Jefy |
= |
8185 |
= |
5,22 |
cm |
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Ac |
300 |
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lef,y = |
1,0 |
480 |
= |
91,89 |
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5,22 |
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3.4 Współczynnik wyboczeniowy |
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naprężenie krytyczne |
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sc,cvity = |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
= |
3,14 |
8000 |
= |
9,34 |
Mpa |
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lef,y2 |
91,89 |
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smukłość sprawdzona |
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lred,y = |
f e,o,u |
= |
22 |
= |
1,53 |
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sc,cvity |
9,34 |
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współczynnik ky |
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ky = |
0,5[1+bc(lred.y - 0,5) + lerd.y2] |
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bc - wsp dotyczacy prostoliniowości elementów |
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bc = |
0,2 |
dla drewna litego |
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ky = |
1,78 |
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współczynnik wyboczeniowy kc.y |
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kc.y = |
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1 |
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ky + |
ky2 - |
lred2,y |
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kc.y = |
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1 |
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= |
0,37 |
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1,78 |
1,78 |
1,53 |
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3.5 Sprawdzenie napręzeń w przekroju |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
1,0 |
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kc.y * |
Ac * |
f c,o,d |
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sc,o,d = |
95 |
= |
0,72 |
< |
1,00 |
Mpa |
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0,37 |
300,00 |
1,18 |
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4. Wyboczenie słipa w płaszczyznie równoległej do szwów: ( oś z ) |
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4.1 Współczynnik redukcyjny gi |
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Jz = |
suma Jzi + |
gz * |
suma Ai * |
ezi2 |
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gz = |
1 |
= |
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1 |
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= |
0,62 |
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1 + |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
* A iż |
* S1 |
1 |
3,14 |
8000 |
0,25 |
50 |
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k l 2 |
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687,8 |
4800 |
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S1 = |
a1 |
= |
100 |
= |
50 |
mm |
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2 |
2 |
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S1 = |
5 |
cm |
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E 0,05 = |
8 Gpa |
= |
8000 |
Mpa |
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A iz = |
5 |
5 |
= |
25 |
cm2 |
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A iz = |
0,25 |
*104 |
mm2 |
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k = |
2/3 kser |
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k - |
moduł podatności złacza |
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kser - |
moduł podatności gwoździa na 1 cięcie wg 7.2 |
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kser = |
ru1.5 * |
d 0.8 |
= |
370 |
5 |
= |
1031,7 |
N/mm |
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25 |
25 |
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k = |
2 |
1031,7 |
= |
687,8 |
N/mm |
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3 |
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4.2 Efektywny moment bezwładności |
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Jefz = |
suma Jzi + |
gz * |
suma Ai * |
ezi2 |
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Jefy = |
2 |
10 |
5 |
2 |
50 |
7,5 |
5 |
20 |
2 |
0,62 |
= |
10343 |
cm4 |
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12 |
12 |
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4.3 Smukłość efektywna |
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lef,z = |
mz * |
l |
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ief,z |
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mz = |
1,0 |
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l = |
480 |
cm |
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ief,z = |
Jefz |
= |
10343 |
= |
5,87 |
cm |
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Ac |
300 |
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lef,z = |
1,0 |
480 |
= |
81,75 |
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5,87 |
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4.4 Współczynnik wyboczeniowy |
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naprężenie krytyczne |
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sc,cvitz = |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
= |
3,14 |
8000 |
= |
11,80 |
Mpa |
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lef,z2 |
81,75 |
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smukłość sprawdzona |
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lred,z = |
f e,o,u |
= |
22 |
= |
1,37 |
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sc,cvitz |
11,80 |
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współczynnik kz |
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kz = |
0,5[1+bc(lred.z - 0,5) + lerd.z2] |
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bc - wsp dotyczacy prostoliniowości elementów |
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bc = |
0,2 |
dla drewna litego |
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ky = |
1,52 |
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współczynnik wyboczeniowy kc.z |
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kc.z = |
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1 |
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kz + |
kz2 - |
lred2,z |
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kc.z = |
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1 |
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= |
0,46 |
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1,52 |
1,52 |
1,37 |
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3.5 Sprawdzenie napręzeń w przekroju |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
1,0 |
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kc.z * |
Ac * |
f c,o,d |
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sc,o,d = |
95 |
= |
0,58 |
< |
1,00 |
Mpa |
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0,46 |
300,00 |
1,18 |
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Ćwiczenie projektowe nr 1 |
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Zaprojektować słup drewniany ściskany osiowo , o przekroju złożonym, przy nastepujacych założeniach |
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1.1 Dane: |
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wstaw dane: |
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obliczeniowa siła ściskająca |
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N = |
105 |
kN |
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długość teoretyczna słupa |
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l = |
5,4 |
m |
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współczynnik długości wyboczeniowej: |
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my = |
1,5 |
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mz = |
1,0 |
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klasa użytkowania |
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2 |
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klasa trwania obciążenia: |
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k mod = |
0,7 |
wstaw odpowiednią wartość z tabeli |
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stałe |
100 |
1 |
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100 |
% |
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klasa drewna |
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C 35 |
wstaw odpowiednie wartość z normy |
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cechy mechaniczne drewna: |
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wytrz. na zginanie |
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f m,k = |
35 |
Mpa |
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wytrz. na ściskanie |
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f e,o,u = |
25 |
Mpa |
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średni moduł spręzystości |
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E0,mean = |
13 |
Mpa |
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gęstość charak. Drewna |
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ρ= |
400 |
kg/m3 |
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połączenie na gwoździe |
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Wartości obliczeniowe |
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f m,d = |
f m,k * |
k mod |
= |
35 |
0,7 |
= |
18,85 |
Mpa |
= |
1,885 |
kN/cm2 |
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g M |
1,3 |
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g M = |
1,3 |
wsp.materiałowy dla materiałów drewnopochodnych |
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k mod = |
0,7 |
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f c,o,d = |
f c,o,k * |
k mod |
= |
25 |
0,7 |
= |
13,46 |
Mpa |
= |
1,346 |
kN/cm2 |
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g M |
1,3 |
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1.2 Dobór przekroju |
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Wstępne ustalenie napreżeń w elemencie ściskanym osiowo |
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δc,o,d = |
N |
< |
f c,o,d |
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k c * |
Ac |
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k c = |
0,4 - 0,5 |
wsp. wyboczeniowy |
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k c = |
0,4 |
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Ac - |
przekrój obliczeniowy |
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Ac > |
N |
= |
105 |
= |
195,00 |
cm2 |
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k c * |
f c,o,d |
0,40 |
1,35 |
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Przyjeto przekrój : |
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7,5 |
10 |
7,5 |
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25 |
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5 |
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15 |
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5 |
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25 |
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Ac = |
475 |
cm2 |
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2. Przyjęcie wielkość i rozstaw gwoździ |
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- średnica gwoździa |
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t min = |
5 |
cm |
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d = |
0,45 |
0,83 |
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przyjeto |
d = |
5 |
mm |
tabela PN Z-7.4.1-2 |
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d = |
6x125 |
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7 * d |
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35 |
mm |
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t max = |
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13 d - 30 |
*ρ |
= |
35 |
mm |
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400 |
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- rozstaw gwoździ |
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Minimalne rozstawy i odległości gwoździ odczytano z tablicy PN 7.4.1.1 |
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- odległość miedzy gwoździami |
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< |
> |
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dla |
d |
> |
5,0 |
mm |
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> |
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7,00 |
a1 = |
5 |
7 |
cos a |
5 |
= |
60,0 |
mm |
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przyjeto |
a1 = |
80 |
mm |
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- rozstaw miedzy gwoździami |
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a2 = |
5*d |
= |
25 |
mm |
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- odległość od końca nie obciążonego |
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a3 = |
10 |
5,0 |
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= |
50,0 |
mm |
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- odległość od krawędzi nieobciążonej |
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a4 = |
5 |
5 |
= |
25 |
mm |
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3. Wyboczenie słipa w płaszczyznie równoległej do szwów: ( oś y ) |
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3.1 Współczynnik redukcyjny gi |
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Jy = |
suma Jyi + |
gy * |
suma Ai * |
eyi2 |
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gy = |
1 |
= |
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1 |
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= |
0,66 |
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1 + |
ρ2 |
* E 0,05 |
* A iy |
* S1 |
1 |
3,14 |
8000 |
0,38 |
40 |
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k l 2 |
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773,1 |
5400 |
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S1 = |
a1 |
= |
80 |
= |
40 |
mm |
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2 |
2 |
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S1 = |
4 |
cm |
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E 0,05 = |
8 Gpa |
= |
8000 |
Mpa |
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A iy = |
7,5 |
5 |
= |
37,5 |
cm2 |
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A iy = |
0,38 |
*104 |
mm2 |
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k = |
2/3 kser |
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k - |
moduł podatności złacza |
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kser - |
moduł podatności gwoździa na 1 cięcie wg 7.2 |
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kser = |
ρu1.5 * |
d 0.8 |
= |
400 |
5 |
= |
1159,6 |
N/mm |
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25 |
25 |
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k = |
2 |
1159,6 |
= |
773,1 |
N/mm |
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3 |
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3.2 Efektywny moment bezwładności |
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Jefy = |
suma Jyi + |
gy * |
suma Ai * |
eyi2 |
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Jefy = |
2 |
7,5 |
15 |
2 |
25 |
5 |
2 |
0,66 |
125 |
10 |
= |
21135 |
cm4 |
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12 |
12 |
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3.3 Smukłość efektywna |
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lef,y = |
my * |
l |
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ief,y |
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my = |
1,5 |
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l = |
540 |
cm |
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ief,y = |
Jefy |
= |
21135 |
= |
6,67 |
cm |
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Ac |
475 |
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lef,y = |
1,5 |
540 |
= |
121,43 |
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6,67 |
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3.4 Współczynnik wyboczeniowy |
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naprężenie krytyczne |
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sc,cvity = |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
= |
3,14 |
8000 |
= |
5,35 |
Mpa |
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lef,y2 |
121,43 |
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smukłość sprawdzona |
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lred,y = |
f e,o,u |
= |
25 |
= |
2,16 |
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sc,cvity |
5,35 |
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współczynnik ky |
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ky = |
0,5[1+bc(lred.y - 0,5) + lerd.y2] |
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bc - wsp dotyczacy prostoliniowości elementów |
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bc = |
0,2 |
dla drewna litego |
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ky = |
3,00 |
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współczynnik wyboczeniowy kc.y |
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kc.y = |
|
1 |
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ky + |
ky2 - |
lred2,y |
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kc.y = |
|
1 |
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= |
0,20 |
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3,00 |
3,00 |
2,16 |
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3.5 Sprawdzenie napręzeń w przekroju |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
fc,o,d = |
1,346 |
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kc.y * |
Ac * |
f c,o,d |
Mpa |
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sc,o,d = |
105 |
= |
1,12 |
< |
1,35 |
Mpa |
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0,20 |
475,00 |
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4. Wyboczenie słipa w płaszczyznie równoległej do szwów: ( oś z ) |
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4.1 Współczynnik redukcyjny gi |
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Jz = |
suma Jzi + |
gz * |
suma Ai * |
ezi2 |
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gz = |
1 |
= |
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1 |
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= |
0,66 |
|
|
1 + |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
* A iż |
* S1 |
1 |
3,14 |
8000 |
0,375 |
40 |
|
|
k l 2 |
|
773,1 |
5400 |
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S1 = |
a1 |
= |
80 |
= |
40 |
mm |
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2 |
2 |
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S1 = |
4 |
cm |
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E 0,05 = |
8 Gpa |
= |
8000 |
Mpa |
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A iz = |
7,5 |
5 |
= |
37,5 |
cm2 |
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A iz = |
0,375 |
*104 |
mm2 |
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k = |
2/3 kser |
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k - |
moduł podatności złacza |
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kser - |
moduł podatności gwoździa na 1 cięcie wg 7.2 |
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kser = |
ru1.5 * |
d 0.8 |
= |
400 |
5 |
= |
1159,6 |
N/mm |
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25 |
25 |
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k = |
2 |
1159,6 |
= |
773,1 |
N/mm |
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3 |
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4.2 Efektywny moment bezwładności |
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Jefz = |
suma Jzi + |
gz * |
suma Ai * |
ezi2 |
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Jefy = |
2 |
15 |
7,5 |
2 |
112,5 |
8,75 |
5 |
25 |
2 |
0,66 |
= |
25373 |
cm4 |
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|
12 |
12 |
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4.3 Smukłość efektywna |
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lef,z = |
mz * |
l |
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ief,z |
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mz = |
1,0 |
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l = |
540 |
cm |
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ief,z = |
Jefz |
= |
25373 |
= |
7,31 |
cm |
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Ac |
475 |
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lef,z = |
1,0 |
540 |
= |
73,88 |
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7,31 |
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4.4 Współczynnik wyboczeniowy |
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|
naprężenie krytyczne |
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|
sc,cvitz = |
p2 |
* E 0,05 |
= |
3,14 |
8000 |
= |
14,45 |
Mpa |
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lef,z2 |
73,88 |
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|
smukłość sprawdzona |
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lred,z = |
f e,o,u |
= |
25 |
= |
1,32 |
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sc,cvitz |
14,45 |
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współczynnik kz |
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kz = |
0,5[1+bc(lred.z - 0,5) + lerd.z2] |
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|
bc - wsp dotyczacy prostoliniowości elementów |
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bc = |
0,2 |
dla drewna litego |
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ky = |
1,45 |
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współczynnik wyboczeniowy kc.z |
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kc.z = |
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kz + |
kz2 - |
lred2,z |
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kc.z = |
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0,49 |
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1,45 |
1,45 |
1,32 |
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3.5 Sprawdzenie napręzeń w przekroju |
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sc,o,d = |
N |
< |
fc,o,d = |
1,346 |
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kc.z * |
Ac |
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sc,o,d = |
105 |
= |
0,45 |
< |
1,35 |
Mpa |
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0,49 |
475,00 |
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nośność połączeń |
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Vdz= |
3,59 |
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S1z= |
984,37 |
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beta= |
1 |
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Fdz= |
0,36 |
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t2= |
66,5 |
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t1= |
50 |
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Rd1= |
2724,44 |
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fh,1,k= |
20,24 |
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Rd2= |
3623,51 |
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fh,1,d= |
10,90 |
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Rd3= |
1337,16 |
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d= |
5 |
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Rd4= |
1474,98 |
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Myd= |
9091,83 |
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Rd5= |
1189,86 |
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Rd6= |
1094,93 |
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Rd,min= |
1094,93 |
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Fdz= |
364,89 |
< |
Rd,min= |
1094,93 |
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Vdy= |
8,90 |
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S1y= |
1250 |
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Fdy= |
1,38 |
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Fdy= |
1381,27 |
> |
Rd,min= |
1094,93 |
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