Osteologia

Ćw.1	Ćw.2	Ćw.3	Ćw.4
1.The vertebral column 2.The cervical vertebra 3.The thoracic vertebra 4.The lumbar vertebra 5.The sacrum 6.The rib 7.The sternum 8.The jugular notch 9.The sternal angle	1.The synchondrosis 2.The intervertebral disc 3.The syndesmosis 4.The anterior longitudinal ligament 5.The posterior longitudinal ligament 6.The synovial joint 7.The atlanto-occipital joint 8.The atlanto-axial joint 9.The cruciate ligament 10.The thoracic cage	The upper limb The clavicle The scapula The glenoid cavity The humerus The radius The ulna The carpal bones The metacarpal bones The phalanx	1. The sternoclavicular joint 2. The articular disc 3. The acromioclavicular joint 4. The glenohumeral joint 5. The glenoid labrum 6. The elbow 7. The wrist
Ćw.5	Ćw.6	Ćw.7	Ćw.8
1. The lower limb 2. The hip bone 3. The acetabulum 4. The lunate srface 5. The ischial spine 6. The ischial tuberosity 7. The obturator foramen 8. The thigh 9. The femur 10.The knee 11.The tibia 12.The fibula 13.The talus 14.The calcaneus 15.The tarsal sinus 16.The sustentaculum tali	1.The hip joint 2.The acetabular labrum 3.The inguinal ligament 4.The obturator membrane 5. The knee joint 6.The meniscus 7. The cruciate ligament 8.The talocrural joint 9.The talocalcaneonavicular joint 10. The transverse tarsal joint 11.The tarsometatarsal joint	1.The frontal bone 2. The parietal bone 3. The occipital bone 4. The sphenoid bone 5.The temporal bone 6.The ethmoid bone 7. The cribriform plate 8.The optic canal 9. The superior orbital fissure 10.The foramen rotundum 11.The foramen ovale 12.The foramen spinosum 13.The internal acoustic meatus 14.The jugular foramen 15.The hypoglossal canal 16.The carotid canal 17.The stylomastoid foramen	1.The mandible 2.The maxilla 3.The zygomatic bone 4.The palatine bone 5.The inferior nasal concha 6.The nasal bone 7.The lacrinal bone 8.The vomer 9.The sphenopalatine foramen 10.The pterygopalatine fossa 11.The inferior orbital fissure 12.The infratemporal fossa 13.The temporal fossa

OUN

Ćw.1	Ćw. 2
Central Nervous System (CNS) Encephalon Brain Brainstem Cerebellum Spinal cord 2. Peripheral Nervous System Cranial nerve(s) Spinal nerve(s) 3. Somatic Nervous System 4. Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Sympathetic nervous system Parasympathetic nervous system 5. Telencephalon Right (left) cerebral hemisphere Longitudinal cerebral fissure Gray matter of cerebral hemisphere: sulci (grooves) of cerebral cortex Central sulcus Lateral sulcus Cingulate sulcus Parietooccipital sulcus Calcarine sulcus Gray matter: lobes and gyri of cerebral cortex Frontal lobe- precentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, orbital gyri, straight gyrus, anterior (part of) paracentral lobule Parietal lobe- postcentral gyrus, posterior (part of) paracentral lobule, superior parietal lobule, inferior parietal lobule, angular gyrus, precuneus Temporal lobe- superior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, transverse temporal gyri, fusiform gyrus Occipital lobe- cuneus, lingual gyrus, occipital gyri Insula Olfactory (smell) system- olfactory bulb, olfactory nerves, olfactory tract Limbic lobe and limbic system- cingulate gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, uncus, hippocampus 6. Functional areas of cerebral cortex Primary motor cortex (area) and pyramidal motor system Premotor and supplementary motor cortex and extrapyramidal motor system Frontal eye field Primary somatosensory cortex Somatosensory association cortex Gustatory (taste) cortex Primary visual cortex Visual association cortex Primary auditory cortex Auditory association cortex Motor speech area (Broca’s area) Sensory speech area (Wernicke’s area) Visual speech area Prefrontal cortex	Gray matter of cerebral hemisphere- Basal ganglia Corpus striatum (Head, body, and tail of) Caudate nucleus Lentiform nucleus- Globus pallidus, Putamen Claustrum Amygdaloid nuclear complex (amygdala, amygdaloid body) Striatal motor system Substantia nigra Nigrostriatal dopaminergic projection White matter of cerebral hemisphere Arcuate fasciculus (Column, body, commissure, crus of) fornix Papez circuit (Rostrum, genu, body, splenium of) corpus callosum (Anterior limb, genu, posterior limb, sublenticular part, retrolenticular part) of internal capsule Ventricular system of CNS (Anterior horn, body, posterior horn, inferior horn of ) lateral ventricle Interventricular foramen (of Monro) Third ventricle Cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius) Fourth ventricle Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Choroid plexus
Ćw. 3	Ćw. 4
Thalamus Pulvinar Lateral (medial) geniculate body Ventral posterolateral nucleus VPL Ventral posteromedial nucleus VPM Internal medullary lamina Intralaminar (centromedian) nuclei CM and reticular formation Anterior nucleus of thalamus and Papez circuit Subthalamus Pineal gland (body) Posterior commissure Hypothalamus Optic nerve Optic chiasm Optic tract Tuber cinereum Infundibulum Hypophysis (pituitary gland) Adenohypophysis (anterior lobe of pituitary gland) Neurohypophysis (posterior lobe of pituitary gland) Mammillary body Lateral hypothalamic area- hunger center Ventomedial nucleus- satiety center Supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei Arcuate (infundibular) nucleus Third ventricle	Midbrain (mesencephalon) Cerebral peduncle Interpeduncular fossa Tectum (tectal plate) Superior (inferior) colliculus Superior cerebellar peduncle Cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius) Substantia nigra Cerebral crus (crus cerebri) Tegmentum Red nucleus Oculomotor nerve CNIII Trochlear nerve CNIV Pons Middle cerebellar peduncle Cerebellopontine angle Trigeminal nerve CNV Abducent nerve CNVI Facial nerve CNVII Vestibulocochlear nerve CNVIII Ascending reticular system Descending reticular system Fourth ventricle Rhomboid fossa
Ćw. 5	Ćw. 6
Medulla oblongata Pyramid of medulla oblongata Pyramidal decussation Corticospinal (pyramidal) tract Olive of medulla oblongata Inferior cerebellar peduncle Glossopharyngeal nerve CNIX Vagus nerve CNX Accessory nerve CNXI Hypoglossal nerve CNXII Gracile fasciculus Gracile nucleus Cuneate fasciculus Cuneate nucleus Medial lemniscus Decussation of medial lemniscorum Autonomic nervous system Sympathetic nervous system Parasympathetic nervous system Enteric system Sympathetic trunk	Cerebellum Right and left cerebellar hemisphere Vermis of cerebellum Cerebellar tonsil Anterior lobe of cerebellum Posterior lobe of cerebellum Flocculonodular lobe of cerebellum (flocculus and nodule of cerebellum) Fastigial nucleus Interposed nucleus Globose nucleus Emboliform nucleus Dentate nucleus Fourth ventricle Rhomboid fossa Dura mater (Spinal) epidural space Middle meningeal artery Falx cerebri Tentorium cerebelli Superior (inferior) sagittal sinus Straight sinus Confluence of sinuses Transverse sinus Sigmoid sinus Internal jugular vein Cavernous sinus Subdural space Arachnoid mater Arachnoid granulations Subarachnoid space Cerebrospinal fluid CSF (Spinal) lumbar cistern Cerebellospinal cistern Pia mater
Ćw. 7	Ćw. 8
Spinal cord Spinal nerve Anterior (ventral) rootlets (roots) of spinal nerve Posterior (dorsal) rootlets (roots) of spinal nerve Spinal ganglion Anterior (ventral) branch (ramus) of spinal nerve Posterior (dorsal) branch (ramus) of spinal nerve Meningeal branch (ramus) of spinal nerve Cauda equina Anterior (posterior) horn of spinal cord Lateral horn of spinal cord Anterior (lateral) funiculus of spinal cord Posterior funiculus (dorsal column) of spinal cord Gracile fasciculus Cuneate fasciculus Dorsal column- medial lemniscus tract Lateral (anterior) spinothalamic tract Lateral (anterior) corticospinal (pyramidal) tract Upper (central) motor neuron Lower (peripheral) motor neuron	Internal carotid artery Ophthalmic artery Central retinal artery Anterior cerebral artery Anterior communicating artery Middle cerebral artery Anterior choroid artery Posterior communicating artery Vertebral artery Anterior spinal artery Posterior spinal artery Posterior inferior cerebellar artery Basilar artery Anterior inferior cerebellar artery Labyrinthine artery Superior cerebellar artery Posterior cerebral artery Arterial circle of Willis Great anterior medullary artery (artery of Adamkiewicz) Great cerebral vein (of Galen)

GŁOWA I SZYJA

Ćw.1	Ćw.2
Muscles of facial expression Occipitofrontalis (muscle) Frontal belly Occipital belly Galea aponeurotica Orbicularis oculi (muscle) Orbital part Palpebral part Lacrimal part Platysma (muscle) Occipitofrontalis (muscle) Depressor anguli oris (muscle) Depressor labii inferioris (muscle) Zygomaticus major (muscle) Zygomaticus minor (muscle) Risorius (muscle) Orbicularis oris (muscle) Buccinator (muscle) Levator labii superioris (muscle) Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (muscle) Levator anguli oris (muscle) Facial nerve Greater petrosal nerve Nerve to stapedius Chorda tympani Parotid (intraparotid) plexus Muscles of mastication Temporalis (muscle) Masseter (muscle) Medial pterygoid (muscle) Lateral pterygoid (muscle) Trigeminal nerve Ophthalmic nerve Maxillary nerve Mandibular nerve Inferior alveolar nerve Lingual nerve Auriculotemporal nerve Buccal nerve Arch of aorta (aortic arch) Brachiocephalic trunk Left (right) common carotid artery Carotid sinus External carotid artery Superior thyroid artery Lingual artery Facial artery Ascending pharyngeal artery Superficial temporal artery Maxillary artery Middle meningeal artery Inferior alveolar artery	Nose Nasal cavity Vestibule of nose Proper nasal cavity Inferior, middle, superior nasal meatus(es) Sphenoethmoidal recess Nasal septum Bony part (vomer, perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone) Cartilaginous part Membranous part Olfactory region of mucous membrane Respiratory region of mucous membrane Paranasal sinus(es) Frontal sinus(es) Maxillary sinus(es) Sphenoidal sinus(es) Anterior, posterior, (middle) ethmoidal cells Ophthalmic artery Anterior, posterior ethmoidal artery(ies) Supraorbital artery Maxillary artery Posterior superior alveolar artery Infraorbital artery Anterior superior alveolar artery Sphenopalatine artery Descending palatine artery Ophthalmic nerve Supraorbital nerve Nasociliary nerve Anterior, posteriori ethmoidal nerve(s) Ciliary ganglion Maxillary nerve Zygomatic nerve Infraorbital nerve Posterior, middle, anterior alveolar nerve(s) Pterygopalatine ganglion Greater petrosal nerve Deep petrosal nerve
Ćw. 3	Ćw. 4
Mouth Oral cavity Upper (lower) lip Frenulum of upper (lower) lip Cheek Parotid papilla Hard palate Soft palate Uvula Palatoglossal arch Palatopharyngeal arch Palatine Tonsil Fauces Floor of oral cavity Mylohyoid (muscle) Tongue and its root, body and apex (tip) Lingual frenulum Median (lateral) glossoepiglottic fold (epiglottic) vallecula Lingual tonsil  Genioglossus (muscle) Lingual papilla(ae) Vallate papilla(ae) Foliate papilla(ae) Fungiform papilla(ae) Filiform papilla(ae) Glossopharyngeal nerve Hypoglossal nerve Lingual artery	Salivatory glands Parotid gland (duct) Submandibular gland (duct) Sublingual glands Submandibular ganglion Otic ganglion Tooth, teeth Crown, neck, root of tooth Enamel, cement, dentine, pulp of tooth Periodontium Gum(s), gingiva(ae) Permanent teeth Medial (central) and lateral Incisor(s) Canine First and second premolar(s) First, second molar(s) Third molar (wisdom tooth) Deciduous (milk) teeth Inferior alveolar nerve Mental nerve Buccal nerve Lingual nerve Infraorbital nerve Anterior, middle, and posterior superior alveolar nerve(s) Greater palatine nerve Nasopalatine nerve Maxillary artery Inferior alveolar artery Infraorbital artery Anterior, middle, and posterior superior alveolar artery(arteries)
Ćw. 5	Ćw. 6
Platysma Sternocleidomastoid (muscle) Infrahyoid muscles Sternohyoid (muscle) Sternohyoid (muscle) Thyrohyoid (muscle) Omohyoid (muscle) Suprahyoid muscles Mylohyoid (muscle) Geniohyoid (muscle) Stylohyoid (muscle) Digastric (muscle) Anterior, middle, posteriori scalene muscle(s) Superficial cervical fascia Deep cervical fascia Pretracheal layer Prevertebral layer Carotid sheath Accessory nerve Cervical plexus Lesser occipital nerve Great auricular nerve Transverse cervical nerve Supraclavicular nerves Ansa cervicalis Phrenic nerve	Pharynx Nasopharynx Pharyngeal opening of auditory (pharyngotympanic or Eustachian) tube Salpingopalatine fold Torus tubarius Tubal tonsil Salpingopharyngeal fold Pharyngeal recess Pharyngeal (adenoid or third) tonsil Oropharynx Laryngopharynx Aryepiglottic fold Piriform recess Muscles of pharynx Superior (middle, inferior) pharyngeal constrictor Stylopharyngeus (muscle) Retropharyngeal space Parapharyngeal space Ascending pharyngeal artery Esophagus Vagus nerve Meningeal branch of vagus nerve Superior laryngeal nerve Right (left) recurrent laryngeal nerve Inferior laryngeal nerve Cervical cardiac branches of vagus nerve Sympathetic trunk Superior (middle) cervical ganglion of sympathetic trunk Cervicothoracic (stellate) ganglion of sympathetic trunk
Ćw. 7	Ćw. 8
Larynx Laryngeal cartilages Thyroid cartilage Cricoid cartilage Epiglottic cartilage Arytenoid cartilage Corniculate cartilage Cuneiform cartilage Epiglottis Cricothyroid joint Cricoarytenoid joint Thyrohyoid membrane Conus elasticus Vocal ligament Cricothyroid ligament Quadrangular membrane Vestibular ligament Laryngeal cavity Vestibule of larynx (epiglottic cavity) Laryngeal inlet Aryepiglottic fold Vestibular fold Transglottic cavity Vocal fold Glottis Rima glottidis Ventricle of larynx (laryngeal sinus) Infraglottic cavity Muscles of larynx Posterior cricoarytenoid (muscle) Lateral cricoarytenoid (muscle) Transverse and oblique arytenoid (muscle) Thyroarytenoid (muscle) Vocalis (muscle) Cricothyroid (muscle) Trachea Vagus nerve Superior laryngeal nerve Right (left) recurrent laryngeal nerve Inferior laryngeal nerve	Thyroid gland Isthmus of thyroid gland Right (left) lobe of thyroid gland Pyramidal lobe of thyroid gland Superior (inferior) parathyroid gland(s) Superior (inferior) thyroid artery Thyroid ima artery Facial vein Retromandibular vein External jugular vein Anterior jugular vein Pterygoid plexus Internal jugular vein Subclavian vein Right (left) venous angle Brachiocephalic vein Superior vena cava Thoracic duct Right lymphatic duct Occipital lymph nodes Retroauricular (mastoid) lymph nodes Parotid lymph nodes Submental lymph nodes Submandibular lymph nodes Retropharyngeal lymph nodes Infrahyoid lymph nodes Prelaryngeal lymph nodes Pretracheal and paratracheal lymph nodes Deep cervical lymph nodes Superficial cervical lymph nodes Supraclavicular lymph nodes

1. External ear

   1. Auricle of ear

   2. External acoustic meatus

2. Middle ear

   1. Tympanic membrane

   2. Tympanic cavity

   3. Auditory ossicles

      1. Malleus

      2. Incus

      3. Stapes

   4. Stapedius

   5. Tensor tympani

   6. Auditory (pharyngotympanic) tube

   7. Mastoid cells and mastoid antrum

3. Inner ear

   1. Bony labyrinth

      1. Perilymph

      2. Vestibule

         1. Oval window

         2. Round window

         3. Secondary tympanic membrane

      3. Anterior, posterior, and lateral semicircular canals

      4. Cochlea and cochlear canal

   2. Membranous labyrinth

      1. Endolymph

      2. Saccule and macula of saccule

      3. Utricule and macula of utricule

      4. Anterior, posterior, and lateral semicircular ducts with ampullary crests

      5. Cochlear duct

         1. Spiral organ (organ of Corti)

   3. Internal acoustic meatus

      1. Vestibulocochlear nerve

      2. Labyrinthine artery

KLATKA

Ćw.1	Ćw.2
1.The aorta 2.The ascending aorta 3.The arch of aorta 4.The descending aorta 5.The subclavian artery 6.The internal thoracic artery a) RITA= Right internal thoracic artery b) LIMA =Left internal mammary (thoracic) artery 7.The thoracic duct 8.The superior vena cava 9.The inferior vena cava 10.The vena azygos 11.The vena hemiazygos 12.The diaphragma 13.The opening of vena cava 14.The oesophageal opening 15. The aortic opening	1.The heart 2.The apex of the heart 3.The right /left atrium 4. The auricle 5.The right/ left ventricle 6.The coronary sinus 7.The tricuspid valve 8.The pulmonary valve 9.The mitral valve 10.The aortic valve 11.The epicardium 12. The myocardium 13. The endocardium 14.The ventricular septum 15. The atrial septum 16. The sinuatrial node 17.The atrioventricular node 18.The atrioventricular bundle= the bundle of Hisi 19.The right/left bundle brenches 20.The right coronary artery 21. PDA =The Posterior Descending Artery =the interventricular branch of the right coronary artery 22.The left coronary artery 23. LAD = The Left Descending Artery=the the interventricular branch of the left coronary artery 24. The septomarginal trabecula
Ćw. 3	Ćw.4
1. The pericardium 2.The transverse sinus of the pericardium 3. The oblique sinus of pericardium 4.The fossa ovalis 5. The foramen ovale 6.The ligamentum venosum 7. The ligamentum arteriosum 8.The dactus arteriosus 9. The dactus venosus 10. The umbilical vein 11. The umbilical atrteris 12.The placenta 13. The umbilicus	1.The trachea 2.The carina of the trachea 3.The bifurcation of the trachea 4.The right/left bronchus 5.The lung 6.The oblique fissure 7.The horizontal fissure 8.The pleura 9.The pulmonary ligament 10.The cervical pleura 11.The costodiaphragmatic recess 12.The costomediastinal recess 13.The lower boundaries of the lungs 14.The lower boundary of the parietal pleura
Ćw.5 1.The mammary gland 2.The areola of the breast 3.The lactiferous duct 4.The lactiferous sinus 5.The lymph gland 6.The thoracic duct 7.The right lymphatic duct 8.The mediastinal trunk 9.The subclavian trunk 10.The cisterna chyli 11.The venous angle 12.The thymus

KOŃCZYNA DOLNA

Ćwiczenie 1	Ćwiczenie 2
Trapezius muscle Latissimus dorsi muscle Levator scapulae muscle Rhomboid major muscle Rhomboid minor muscle Serratus posterior superior muscle Serratus posterior inferior muscle Erector spinae muscle Deltoid muscle Supraspinatus muscle Infraspinatus muscle Teres minor muscle Teres major muscle Subscapularis muscle Axilla Axillary fossa Brachial plexus Trunks of brachial plexus: superior, middle, inferior Posterior and anterior divisions of brachial plexus Cords of brachial plexus: lateral, medial, posterior Musculocutaneous nerve Median nerve Radial nerve Axillary nerve Ulnar nerve Medial cutaneous nerve of arm Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm	Long head of biceps brachii muscle Short head of biceps brachii muscle Bicipital aponeurosis Brachialis muscle Coracobrachialis muscle Long head of triceps brachii muscle Lateral head of triceps brachii muscle Medial head of triceps brachii muscle Medial intermuscular septum Lateral intermuscular septum Anconeus muscle Cubital fossa Subclavian artery Axillary artery Brachial artery Deep artery of arm Superior ulnar collateral artery Inferior ulnar collateral artery Radial artery Ulnar artery Deep branch of the radial nerve Superficial branch of the radial nerve
Ćwiczenie 3	Ćwiczenie 4
Pronator teres muscle Flexor carpi radialis muscle Palmaris longus muscle Flexor carpi radialis muscle Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle Flexor digitorum profundus muscle Flexor pollicis longus muscle Pronator quadrates muscle Brachioradialis muscle Extensor carpi radialis longus muscle Extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle Supinator muscle Extensor digitorum muscle Extensor digiti minimi muscle Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle Extensor indicis muscle Abductor pollicis longus muscle Extensor pollicis longus muscle Extensor pollicis brevis muscle Interosseous membrane Common interosseous artery Anterior and posterior interosseous artery Flexor retinaculum (transverse carpal ligament) Extensor retinaculum Anatomical snuff box Palmar branch of ulnar nerve Dorsal branch of ulnar nerve Clow hand Wrist-drop Hand of benediction	Palmar aponeurosis Thenar muscles:    Opponens pollicis muscle    Abductor pollicis brevis muscle    Flexor pollicis brevis muscle    Adductor pollicis muscle Hypothenar muscles:    Abductor digiti minimi muscle    Flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle    Opponens digiti minimi muscle Lumbrical muscles Dorsal interosseous muscles Palmar interosseous muscles Extensor expansion Carpal tunnel Ulnar canal (Guyon canal) Superficial palmar arch Common palmar digital artery Proper palmar digital artery Deep palmar arch Palmar metacarpal artery Princeps pollicis artery Common palmar digital nerve Proper palmar digital nerve Cephalic vein Basilic vein Median antebrachial vein Median cubital vein

 

BRZUCH I MIEDNICA

ĆWICZENIE 1 ABDOMEN ABDOMINAL  REGIONS EPIGASTRIUM HYPOGASTRIUM HYPOCHONDRIUM UMBILICAL REGION TRANSPYLORIC PLANE INGUINAL REGION LATERAL REGION PUBIC  REGION UMBILICUS  RING UMBILICAL LINEA SEMILUNARIS LINEA ALBA INGUINAL LIGAMENT INGUINAL CANAL FASCIA TRANSVERSALIS MUSCLES OF ABDOMEN TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS INTERNAL OBLIQUE EXTERNAL OBLIQUE RECTUS ABDOMINIS DEEP FASCIA SUPERFICIAL FASCIA ABDOMINAL HERNIAE PELVIC DIAPHRAGM /PELVIC FLOOR/  MUSCLE  ILIOPSOAS ILIACUS PSOAS MAJOR QUADRATUS  LUMBORUM ANTERIOR ,POSTERIOR  WALL HYMEN PUDENDUM / VULVA/ MONS PUBIS PUDENDAL CLEFT LABIUM MAJUS , MINUS VESTIBULE OF VAGINA VAGINAL  ORIFICE GREATER VESTIBULAR GLAND CLITORIS FEMALE URETHRA INTERNA,L EXTERNAL URETHRAL  ORIFICE EXTERNAL URETHRE SPHINCTER UTERINE ARTERY,VEIN PUDENDAL NERVE INTERNAL PUDENDAL ARTERY, VEIN OVARIAN ATERY, VEIN INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY , VEIN	ĆWICZENIE  2 ABDOMINAL CAVITY EXTRAPERITONEAL SPACE EXTRAPERITONEAL ORGAN RETROPERITONEAL SPACE PERITONEUM PARIETAL, VISCERAL  PERITONEUM MESENTERY ROOT OF MESENETRY MESOCOLON LESSER OMENTUM GREATER OMENTUM LIGAMENTS OF LIVER RECESSUS, FOSSAE, FOLDS LESSER SAC OMENTAL FORAMEN INTERSIGMOID RECESS SUBPHRENIC RECESS ILEOCAECAL RECESSUS MEDIAL, LATERAL  UMBILICAL FOLD MEDIAL, LATERAL  INGUINAL FOSSA VESICO-UTERINE POUCH RECTO-UTERINE POUCH RECTO-VESICAL POUCH OESOPHGUS  ABDOMINAL PART DIAPHRAGMATIC  CONSTRICTION STOMACH ANTERIOR, POSTERIOR WALL FUNDUS,BODY OF STOMACH CARDIAC PART PYLORIC PART PYLORUS PYLORIC SPHINCTER GASTRIC FOLDS GASTRIC AREAS
ĆWICZENIE 3 SMAL INESTINE CIRCULAR FOLDS INTESTINAL VILLI SOLITARY LYMPHOID  NODULES AGGREGATED LYMPHOID NODULES DUODENUM DUODENAL AMPULLA DUODENOJEJUNAL FLEXURE MAJOR DUODENAL PAPILLA JEJUNUM ILEUM LARGE INTESTINE CAECUM ILEOCAECAL VALVE, ORIFICE, PAPILLA APPENDIX COLON ASCENDING, TRANSVESE, DESCENDING, SIGMOID SEMILUNAR FOLDS OF COLON HAUSTRA OF COLON EPIPLOIC APPENDICES TENIAE COLI : FREE, OMENTAL, MESOCOLIC RECTUM SACRAL FLEXURE TRANSVERSE FOLDS OF RECTUM RECTAL AMPULLA ANAL CANAL PERINEAL FLEXURE ANAL COLUMMS ANAL SINUSES PECTINATE LINE INTERNAL ANAL SPHINCTER EXTERNAL ANAL SPHINCTER ANUS DESCENDING AORTA ABDOMINAL AORTA COELIAC TRUNK LEFT GASTRIC ARTERY COMMON HEPATIC ARTERY PROPER HEPATIC ARTERY SPLENIC ARTERY SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY JEJUNAL ARTERIES ILEAL ARTERIES ILEOCOLIC ARTERY APPENDICULAR ARTERY INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY SUPERIOR RECTAL ARTERY INFERIOR VENA CAVA HEPATIC VEIN RIGHT, LEFT, INTERMEDIATE RENAL VEIN RIGHT SUPRARENAL VEIN RIGHT TESTICULAR VEIN RIGHT OVARIAN VEIN COMMON ILIAC VEIN INTERNAL ILIAC VEIN COELIAC PLEXUS COELIAC GANGLIA AORTICORENAL GANGLIA SUPERIOR MESENTERIC GANGLION PLEXUS : SPLENIC,GASTRIC,PANCREATIC,SUPRARENAL, RENAL,INTERMESENTERIC,ENTERIC, INFEROR  MESENTERIC THORACIC DUCT  ABDOMINAL PART CHYLE CYSTERN RIGHT, LEFT LUMBAR TRUNK INTESTINAL TRUNKS COELIAC LYMPH NODES LUMBAR LYMPH NODES AORTIC LYMPH NODES EXTERNAL, INTERNAL ILIAC LYMPH  NODES INGUINAL LYMPH NODES  SUPERFICIAL, DEEP  PARA-UTERINE  LYMPH NODES PARARECTAL LYMPH NODES ANORECTAL LYMPH NODES	ĆWICZENIE 4  LIVER VISCERAL,DIAPHRAGMATIC SURFACE FOSSA FOR GALBLADDER GROOVE FOR VENA CAVA PORTA HEPATIS HEPATIC PORTAL VEIN SPLENIC VEIN SUPERIOR MESENTERIC VEIN IMPRESSION : GASTRIC,COLIC, RENAL, SUPRARENAL, DUODENAL, LOBES OF LIVER: RIGHT,  LEFT, CAUDATE, QUADRATE FIBROSUS CAPSULE LOBULES OF LIVER INTERLOBULAR  ARTERIES,  VEINS,  BILE DUCTUS COMMON HEPATIC DUCTUS RIGHT, LEFT HEPATIC DUCTUS GALLBLADDER  / GALL BLADDER/ FUNDUS, BODY,NECK  OF GALLBLADDER CYSTIC DUCT COMMON BILE DUCT SPHINCTER OF BILE DUCT HEPATOPANCREATIC AMPULLA SPHINCTER OF AMPULLA PANCREAS HEAD, NECK, BODY, TAIL  OF PANCREAS UNCINATE PROCESSUS MAIN, ACCESORY  PANCREATIC DUCT SPHINCTER OF PANCREATIC DUCT PANCREATIC ISLETS SPLEEN DIAPHRAGMATIC SURFACE VISCERAL SURFACE IMPRESSION: RENAL, GASTRIC, COLIC, PANCREATIC EXTREMITY: ANTERIOR, POSTEROR HILUM, SINUS SPLENIC PULP RED,  WHITE
ĆWICZENIE  5 UROGENITAL SYSTEM KIDNEY HILUM OF KIDNEY KIDNEY  LOBES RENAL COLUMNS RENAL CORTEX RENAL PAPILLA RENAL PYRAMIDS RENAL ARTERY AFFERENT GLOMELURAL ARTERIOLE EFFERENT GLOMELURAL ARTERIOLE RENAL PELVIS MAJOR CALICES MINOR CALICES ADRENAL GLAND CORTEX,  MEDULLA  SUPRARENAL GLAND MIDDLE SUPRARENAL ARTERY URETER ABDOMINAL PART PELVIC PART URINARY  BLADDER BODY,FUNDUS, APEX  OF URINARY BLADDER TRIANGLE OF URINARY BLADDER DETRUSOR URETERIC  ORIFICE INTERNAL URETHRAL ORIFICE	ĆWICZENIE 6 MALE GENITAL ORGANS TESTIS TESTICULAR ARTERY MEDIASTINUM OF TESTIS LOBULES  OF TESTIS PARENCHYMA OF TESTIS RETE TESTIS EFFERENT DUCTULES OF TESTIS EPIDIDYMIS HEAD, BODY, TAIL OF EPIDIDYMIS DUCT OF EPIDIDYMIS SPERMATIC CORD PAMPINIFORM PLEXUS CREMASTER VAS DEFERENS AMPULLA OF DUCTUS DEFERENS SEMINAL GLAND/VESICLE/ EXCRETORY DUCT EJACULATORY DUCT PROSTATE BASE, APEX, OF PROSTATE LOBES, ISTHMUS,CAPSULA OF PROSTATE BULBO-URETHRAL GLAND PENIS ROOT, BODY,CRUS OF PENIS GLANS PENIS CORPUS CAVERNOSUM PENIS CORPUS SPONGIOSUM PENIS BULB OF PENIS HELICINE ARTERIES MALE URETHRA PROSTATIC URETHRA SEMINAL COLLICULUS PROSTATIC SINUS, UTRICLE INTERNAL URETHRAL SPHINCTER MEMBRANOSUS URETHRA SPONGY PART OF URETHRA EXTERNAL  URETHRAL ORIFICE SCROTUM
ĆWICZENIE 7 OVARY STROMA,CORTEX, MEDULLA OVARIAN LIGAMENT OF OVARY UTERINE TUBE ABDOMINAL, UTERINE  OSTIUM INFUNDIBULUM AMPULLA, ISTHMUS OF TUBE UTERINE TUBAL FOLDS UTERUS FUNDUS,HORN,CAVITY UTERINE BODY OF UTERUS UTERINE CERVIX /CERVIX OF UTERUS/ SUPRAVAGINAL PART VAGINAL PART EXTERNAL OS OF UTERUS CERVICAL CANAL PARAMETRIUM PERIMETRIUM MYOMETRIUM ENDOMETRIUM CARDINAL LIGAMENT ROUND  LIGAMENT OF UTERUS VAGINA VAGINAL FORNIX	ĆWICZENIE 8 PELVIC CAVITY PELVIC FLOOR PELVIC DIAPHRAGM  LEVATOR ANI MUSCLE COCCYGEUS PELVIC FASCIA SACRAL PLEXUS PELVIC  SPLANCHNIC NERVES COMMON  ILIAC ARTERY, VEIN EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY, VEIN INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY, VEIN UROGENITAL DIAPHRAGM DEEP TRANSVERSE PERINEAL  MUSCLE PERINEAL BODY ISCHIORECTAL FOSSA

 

KOŃCZYNA DOLNA

ćw.1

Pelvic girdle
Lumbar plexus, femoral nerve, obturator nerve, saphenous nerve
Sacral plexus, sciatic nerve, pudendal nerve
Common iliac artery, external iliac artery, internal iliac artery
Iliotibial tract
Greater sciatic foramen, lesser sciatic foramen
Femoral sheath

 

ćw. 2
Anterior thigh muscles
Medial thigh muscles
Posterior thigh muscles
Sciatic nerve
Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
Saphenous nerve
Femoral nerve
Obturator nerve
Saphenous opening
Femoral artery
Deep artery of thigh
Tarsal tunnel (medial malleolar canal)

ćw. 3
Plantar aponeurosis
Popliteal artery
Anterior tibial artery
Posterior tibial artery
Dorsalis pedis artery (dorsal artery of foot)
Fibular artery
Common fibular nerve: Superficial and deep fibular nerve
Tibial nerve
Sural nerve
Tarsal tunnel (medial malleolar canal)
Deep plantar arch
Great saphenous vein
Small saphenous vein