2. The vector area
A and the electric field
E are shown on the diagram below. The angle θ between them
is 180
◦
− 35
◦
= 145
◦
, so the electric fluxthrough the area is
Φ =
E
·
A = EA cos θ = (1800 N/C)(3.2
× 10
−3
m)
2
cos 145
◦
=
−1.5 × 10
−2
N
·m
2
/C .
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θ
A
E
35
◦