1
Illegal drugs
How to detect and identify illegal drugs?
Presumptive chemical tests
Treating with chemical reagents
Observe color changes
2
Detection & Identification
Marquis Test
Heroin
Red-purple
Amphetamines
Orange-brown
1
3
Detection & Identification
Marquis Test
Cobalt thiocyanate turns blue
1
Scott Test for cocaine
2
4
Detection & Identification
Marquis Test
1
Scott Test
2
Chromatography
3
Spectroscopy
4
5
Thin Layer Chromatography
Not very precise
Presumptive test
TLC
6
GC & HPLC
Quantitative tests
Detection & Identification
IR fingerprint region
Spectroscopic identification
GC-MS
Hyphenated methods
7
Immunoassay
Detection and identification
of a drug in a body fluid
Detection & Identification
8
Chemically triggers a color change
Generation of antibodies to the drug
Immunoassay
Binding of substrate to antibody
Too sensitive?
Highly sensitive
9
Morphine
Immunoassays for detecting morphine in urine
Positive test
Heroin user
Produced by papaver somniferum
Almost all poppies produce morphine
10
Morphine
Other poppies produce it in tiny amounts
Poppy seeds used for flavoring foods
Trace amounts of morphine in body
Positive results for immunoassay test
11
Summary
Three types of illegal drugs
1
Natural
Semi-synthetic
Synthetic
Morphine, cocaine, cannabis
Heroin
Ketamine
12
Summary
Three types of illegal drugs
1
Detection and determination of illegal drugs
2
Natural; semi-synthetic; synthetic
Spectroscopy
Chromatography
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