ZG SUSPENSION 2 - 1
SUSPENSION
CONTENTS
page page
ALIGNMENT ............................. 1 REAR SUSPENSION ...................... 12
FRONT SUSPENSION ...................... 5
ALIGNMENT
INDEX
page page
GENERAL INFORMATION WHEEL ALIGNMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
WHEEL ALIGNMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 SPECIFICATIONS
SERVICE PROCEDURES ALIGNMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
PRE-ALIGNMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
uneven tire wear. The wheel toe position is the final
GENERAL INFORMATION
front wheel alignment adjustment.
" STEERING AXIS INCLINATION ANGLE is
WHEEL ALIGNMENT
measured in degrees and is the angle that the steer-
Wheel alignment involves the correct positioning of
ing knuckles are tilted. The inclination angle has a
the wheels in relation to the vehicle. The positioning
fixed relationship with the camber angle. It will not
is accomplished through suspension and steering
change except when a spindle or ball stud is dam-
linkage adjustments. An alignment is considered
aged or bent. The angle is not adjustable, damaged
essential for efficient steering, good directional stabil-
component(s) must be replaced to correct the steering
ity and to minimize tire wear. The most important
axis inclination angle.
measurements of an alignment are caster, camber
" THRUST ANGLE is the angle of the rear axle
and toe position (Fig. 1).
relative to the centerline of the vehicle. Incorrect
" CASTER is the forward or rearward tilt of the
thrust angle can cause off-center steering and exces-
steering knuckle from vertical. Tilting the top of the
sive tire wear. This angle is not adjustable, damaged
knuckle rearward provides positive caster. Tilting the
component(s) must be replaced to correct the thrust
top of the knuckle forward provides negative caster.
angle.
Caster is a directional stability angle. This angle
enables the front wheels to return to a straight
CAUTION: Never attempt to modify suspension or
ahead position after turns.
steering components by heating or bending.
" CAMBER is the inward or outward tilt of the
wheel relative to the center of the vehicle. Tilting the
top of the wheel inward provides negative camber.
NOTE: Periodic lubrication of the front suspension/
Tilting the top of the wheel outward provides positive
steering system components may be required. Rub-
camber. Incorrect camber will cause wear on the
ber bushings must never be lubricated. Refer to
inside or outside edge of the tire. The angle is not
Group 0, Lubrication And Maintenance for the rec-
adjustable, damaged component(s) must be replaced
ommended maintenance schedule.
to correct the camber angle.
" WHEEL TOE POSITION is the difference
between the leading inside edges and trailing inside
edges of the front tires. Incorrect wheel toe position
is the most common cause of unstable steering and
2 - 2 SUSPENSION ZG
GENERAL INFORMATION (Continued)
Fig. 1 Wheel Alignment Measurements
SERVICE PROCEDURES CAMBER
The wheel camber angle is preset. This angle is not
PRE-ALIGNMENT adjustable and cannot be altered.
Before starting wheel alignment, the following
CASTER
inspection and necessary corrections must be com-
Check the caster of the front axle for correct angle.
pleted. Refer to Suspension and Steering System
Be sure the axle is not bent or twisted. Road test the
Diagnosis Chart for additional information.
vehicle and observe the steering wheel return-to-cen-
(1) Inspect tires for size, air pressure and tread
ter position. Low caster will cause poor steering
wear.
wheel returnability.
(2) Inspect front wheel bearings for wear.
During the road test, turn the vehicle to both the
(3) Inspect front wheels for excessive radial or lat-
left and right. If the steering wheel returns to the
eral runout and balance.
center position unassisted, the caster angle is correct.
(4) Inspect ball studs, linkage pivot points and
However, if steering wheel does not return toward
steering gear for looseness, roughness or binding.
the center position unassisted, a low caster angle is
(5) Inspect suspension components for wear and
probable.
noise.
Caster can be adjusted by loosening and rotating
the cams on the lower suspension arm (Fig. 2).
WHEEL ALIGNMENT
Changing caster angle will also change the
Before each alignment reading the vehicle should
front propeller shaft angle. The propeller shaft
be jounced (rear first, then front). Grasp each
angle has priority over caster. Refer to Group 3,
bumper at the center and jounce the vehicle up and
Differential and Driveline for additional infor-
down three times. Always release the bumper in the
mation.
down position.
ZG SUSPENSION 2 - 3
SERVICE PROCEDURES (Continued)
Fig. 3 Drag Link and Tie Rod Clamp (LHD)
Fig. 2 Cam Adjuster
TOE POSITION (LHD)
NOTE: The wheel toe position adjustment should
be the final adjustment.
(1) Start the engine and turn wheels both ways
before straightening the steering wheel. Center and
secure the steering wheel.
(2) Loosen the adjustment sleeve clamp bolts (Fig.
3).
(3) Adjust the right wheel toe position with the
Fig. 4 Steering Linkage (LHD)
drag link (Fig. 4). Turn the sleeve until the right
TOE POSITION (RHD)
wheel is at the correct positive TOE-IN position.
Position the clamp bolts as shown (Fig. 3) and
NOTE: The wheel toe position adjustment should
tighten to:
be the final adjustment.
" Vehicles with 2.5L engine: 27 N·m (20 ft. lbs.)
" Vehicles with 4.0L engine: 27 N·m (20 ft. lbs.)
(1) Start the engine and turn wheels both ways
" Vehicles with 5.2L engine: 49 N·m (36 ft. lbs.)
before straightening the steering wheel. Center and
secure the steering wheel.
NOTE: Make sure the toe setting does not change
(2) Loosen the adjustment sleeve clamp bolts (Fig.
during clamp tightening.
5).
(3) Adjust the left wheel toe position with the drag
(4) Adjust the left wheel toe position with the tie
link (Fig. 5). Turn the sleeve until the left wheel is at
rod. Turn the sleeve until the left wheel is at the
the correct positive TOE-IN position. Position the
same TOE-IN position as the right wheel. Position
clamp bolts to their original position and tighten to:
the clamp bolts as shown (Fig. 3) and tighten to:
" Vehicles with 2.5L engine: 27 N·m (20 ft. lbs.)
" Vehicles with 2.5L engine: 27 N·m (20 ft. lbs.)
" Vehicles with 4.0L engine: 27 N·m (20 ft. lbs.)
" Vehicles with 4.0L engine: 27 N·m (20 ft. lbs.)
" Vehicles with 5.2L engine: 49 N·m (36 ft. lbs.)
" Vehicles with 5.2L engine: 49 N·m (36 ft. lbs.)
NOTE: Make sure the toe setting does not change
NOTE: Make sure the toe setting does not change
during clamp tightening.
during clamp tightening.
(5) Verify the toe setting.
2 - 4 SUSPENSION ZG
SERVICE PROCEDURES (Continued)
(5) Verify the toe setting.
SPECIFICATIONS
ALIGNMENT
FRONT WHEELS
ADJUSTMENT PREFERRED RANGE
CASTER 7° 6.5° to 7.5°
CAMBER NA - 1.13° to +
0.13°
TOE-IN 0.12° 0° to + 0.22°
(each wheel)
Toe Differential Left to Right .05°
Fig. 5 Steering Linkage (RHD)
(4) Adjust the right wheel toe position with the tie REAR AXLE
rod. Turn the sleeve until the right wheel is at the
ADJUSTMENT SPECIFICATION
same TOE-IN position as the left wheel. Position the
clamp bolt to it s original position and tighten to:
THRUST ANGLE .25°
" Vehicles with 2.5L engine: 27 N·m (20 ft. lbs.)
TOTAL TOE-IN 0.00 to + 0.5°
" Vehicles with 4.0L engine: 27 N·m (20 ft. lbs.)
" Vehicles with 5.2L engine: 49 N·m (36 ft. lbs.)
NOTE: Make sure the toe setting does not change
during clamp tightening.
ZG SUSPENSION 2 - 5
FRONT SUSPENSION
INDEX
page page
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION STABILIZER BAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
FRONT SUSPENSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 STEERING KNUCKLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING TRACK BAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
SHOCK DIAGNOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 UPPER SUSPENSION ARM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION WHEEL MOUNTING STUDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
AXLE BUSHING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 SPECIFICATIONS
COIL SPRING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 TORQUE CHART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
HUB BEARING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 SPECIAL TOOLS
LOWER SUSPENSION ARM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 FRONT SUSPENSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
SHOCK ABSORBER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
cam bolts at the axle to allow for caster and pinion
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
angle adjustment. The suspension arm travel is lim-
ited through the use of jounce bumpers in compres-
FRONT SUSPENSION
sion and shocks absorbers in rebound.
The front suspension is a link/coil design (Fig. 1).
Stabilizer Bar: The stabilizer bar is used to con-
This design is used on Left Hand Drive (LHD) and
trol vehicle body roll during turns. The spring steel
Right Hand Drive (RHD) vehicles. The suspension is
bar helps to control the vehicle body in relationship
comprised of:
to the suspension. The bar extends across the front
" Drive axle (4WD), tube axle (2WD)
underside of the chassis and connects to the frame
" Dual-action shock absorbers
rails. Links are connected from the bar to the axle
" Coil springs
brackets. Stabilizer bar mounts are isolated by rub-
" Upper and lower suspension arms
ber bushings.
" Stabilizer bar
Track Bar: The track bar is used to control front
" Track bar
axle lateral movement. The bar is attached to a
" Jounce Bumper
frame rail bracket with a ball stud and isolated with
Link/Coil Suspension: The link/coil suspension
a bushing at the axle bracket.
allows each wheel to adapt to different road surfaces
without greatly affecting the opposite wheel. Wheels
CAUTION: Components attached with a nut and
are attached to a hub/bearings which bolts to the
cotter pin must be torqued to specification. Then if
knuckles. The hub/bearing is not serviceable and is
the slot in the nut does not line up with the cotter
replaced as a unit. Steering knuckles pivot on
pin hole, tighten nut until it is aligned. Never loosen
replaceable ball studs attached to the axle tube
the nut to align the cotter pin hole.
yokes.
Shock Absorbers: The shock absorbers dampen
jounce and rebound motion of the vehicle over vari-
CAUTION: Suspension components with rubber/
ous road conditions. The top of the shock absorbers
urethane bushings (except stabilizer bar) should be
are bolted to the body. The bottom of the shocks are
tightened with the vehicle at normal ride height. It is
bolted to the axle brackets.
important to have the springs supporting the weight
Coil Springs: The coil springs control ride quality
of the vehicle when the fasteners are torqued. If
and maintain proper ride height. The coil springs
springs are not at their normal ride position, vehicle
mount up in the wheelhouse which is part of the
ride comfort could be affected and premature bush-
unitized body bracket. A rubber doughnut isolator is
ing wear may occur.
located between the top of the spring and the body.
The bottom of the spring seats on a axle pad and is
retained with a clip. NOTE: Periodic lubrication of the front suspension/
Upper And Lower Suspension: The suspension steering system components may be required. Rub-
arms use bushings to isolate road noise. The suspen- ber bushings must never be lubricated. Refer to
sion arms are bolted to the frame and axle through Group 0, Lubrication And Maintenance for the rec-
the rubber bushings. The lower suspension arm uses ommended maintenance schedule.
2 - 6 SUSPENSION ZG
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)
Fig. 1 Front Suspension (LHD)
NOTE: The service procedures and torque specifi- The shock absorber bushings do not require any
cations are the same for LHD and RHD vehicles. type of lubrication. Do not attempt to stop bushing
The following service procedures and pictures were noise by lubricating them. Grease and mineral oil-
developed with a LHD vehicle. base lubricants will deteriorate the bushing.
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
SHOCK ABSORBER
SHOCK DIAGNOSIS
A knocking or rattling noise from a shock absorber REMOVAL
may be caused by movement between mounting (1) Remove the nut, retainer and grommet from
bushings and metal brackets or attaching compo- the upper stud in the engine compartment (Fig. 2).
nents. These noises can usually be stopped by tight- (2) Remove the lower nuts and bolts from the axle
ening the attaching nuts. If the noise persists, bracket. Remove the shock absorber.
inspect for damaged and worn bushings, and attach-
INSTALLATION
ing components. Repair as necessary if any of these
(1) Position the lower retainer and grommet on the
conditions exist.
upper stud. Insert the shock absorber through the
A squeaking noise from the shock absorber may be
shock tower hole.
caused by the hydraulic valving and may be intermit-
(2) Install the lower bolts and nuts. Tighten nuts
tent. This condition is not repairable and the shock
to 28 N·m (250 in. lbs.).
absorber must be replaced.
(3) Install the upper grommet and retainer on the
The shock absorbers are not refillable or adjust-
stud in the engine compartment. Install the nut and
able. If a malfunction occurs, the shock absorber
tighten to 23 N·m (17 ft. lbs.).
must be replaced. To test a shock absorber, hold it in
an upright position and force the piston in and out of
the cylinder four or five times. The action throughout
each stroke should be smooth and even.
ZG SUSPENSION 2 - 7
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION (Continued)
(3) Raise the axle into position until the spring
seats in the upper mount.
(4) Install lower suspension arms and rear bolts.
(5) Install caliper flex hose brackets to the frame
rails.
(6) Install ABS sensor wires into brackets.
(7) Connect the stabilizer bar links and shock
absorbers to the axle bracket. Connect the track bar
to the frame rail bracket.
(8) Install drag link to pitman arm.
(9) Remove the supports and lower the vehicle.
(10) Tighten all suspension components to proper
torque.
STEERING KNUCKLE
For service procedures on the steering knuckle and
ball joints refer to Group 3 Differentials And Driv-
eline.
LOWER SUSPENSION ARM
REMOVAL
(1) Raise and support the vehicle.
(2) Paint or scribe alignment marks on the cam
adjusters and suspension arm for installation refer-
ence (Fig. 3).
Fig. 2 Coil Spring & Shock Absorber
COIL SPRING
REMOVAL
(1) Raise and support the vehicle. Position a
hydraulic jack under the axle to support it.
(2) Remove rear lower suspension arm bolts.
(3) Remove caliper flex hose brackets from the
frame rails.
(4) Remove ABS sensor wires from brackets.
(5) Disconnect the stabilizer bar link and shock
absorber from the axle.
(6) Disconnect the track bar from the frame rail
bracket.
(7) Disconnect the drag link from the pitman arm.
(8) Lower the axle until the spring is free from the
upper mount. Remove the coil spring retainer bolt
(Fig. 2) and remove the spring.
(9) Remove the jounce bumper if necessary from
the upper spring mount (Fig. 2).
Fig. 3 Cam Adjuster
INSTALLATION
(3) Remove the lower suspension arm nut, cam
(1) Install the jounce bumper on the upper spring
and cam bolt from the axle (Fig. 4).
mount.
(4) Remove the nut and bolt from the frame rail
(2) Position the coil spring on the axle pad. Install
bracket and remove the lower suspension arm (Fig.
the spring retainer and bolt. Tighten bolt to 22 N·m
4).
(16 ft lb).
2 - 8 SUSPENSION ZG
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION (Continued)
(2) Position spacer 7932-1 (J-35581-1) over the
bushing in the axle for two-wheel drive axles and
right side on Model 30 axle.
(3) Install Bushing Removal/Installer (Fig. 5).
(4) Remove the bushing by tightening the Long
Nut.
Fig. 4 Upper & Lower Suspension Arms
INSTALLATION
(1) Position the lower suspension arm at the axle
bracket and frame rail bracket.
(2) Install the rear bolts and finger tighten the
new nuts.
(3) Install a new cam bolt, cam and new nut in the
axle. Re-align the reference marks.
(4) Install the bolts and finger tighten the new
nuts.
(5) Lower the vehicle.
(6) Tighten the axle bracket nut to 115 N·m (85 ft.
Fig. 5 Bushing Removal
lbs.).
(7) Tighten the frame bracket nut to 176 N·m (130
NOTE: For two-wheel drive axles and right side on
ft. lbs.).
Model 30 axle, do not remove spacer 7932-1
(8) Check the alignment if new parts were
(J-35581-1). This spacer is need for installation.
installed.
INSTALLATION
UPPER SUSPENSION ARM
(1) Position new bushing, Receiver and Installer
REMOVAL on axle (Fig. 6).
(1) Raise and support the vehicle. (2) Install the bushing by tightening the Long Nut.
(2) Remove the upper suspension arm nut and bolt (3) Remove tools and install the upper suspension
at the axle bracket (Fig. 4). arm.
(3) Remove the nut and bolt at the frame rail and
remove the upper suspension arm. STABILIZER BAR
INSTALLATION REMOVAL
(1) Position the upper suspension arm at the axle (1) Raise and support the vehicle.
and frame rail. (2) Remove upper link bolts (Fig. 7) and separate
(2) Install the bolts and finger tighten the nuts. links from the stabilizer bar with Remover
(3) Remove the supports and lower the vehicle. MB-990635.
(4) Tighten the nut at the axle and frame bracket (3) Remove the stabilizer bar clamps bolts from
to 75 N·m (55 ft. lbs.). the frame rails and remove the stabilizer bar.
(4) Remove the stabilizer bar link nuts from the
AXLE BUSHING
axle brackets (Fig. 7).
REMOVAL INSTALLATION
(1) Remove the upper suspension arm from axle. (1) Position the stabilizer bar on the frame rail
and install the clamps and bolts. Ensure the bar is
ZG SUSPENSION 2 - 9
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION (Continued)
(6) Tighten the nuts at the axle bracket end to 95
N·m (70 ft. lbs.).
TRACK BAR
REMOVAL
(1) Raise and support the vehicle.
(2) Remove the cotter pin and nut from the ball
stud end at the frame rail bracket (Fig. 8).
(3) Use a universal puller to separate the ball stud
from the frame rail bracket.
(4) Remove the bolt and flag nut from the axle
shaft tube bracket (Fig. 8). Remove the track bar.
Fig. 6 Bushing Installation
Fig. 8 Track Bar
INSTALLATION
(1) Install the track bar at axle tube bracket.
Loosely install the retaining bolt and flag nut.
Fig. 7 Stabilizer Bar
(2) It may be necessary to pry the axle assembly
over to install the track bar at the frame rail. Install
centered with equal spacing on both sides. Tighten
track bar at the frame rail bracket. Install the
the bolts to 54 N·m (40 ft. lbs.).
retaining nut on the stud.
(2) Install the links into the stabilizer bar and axle
(3) Tighten the ball stud nut to 81 N·m (60 ft.
brackets.
lbs.). Install a new cotter pin.
(3) Tighten the nuts at the axle bracket end to 95
(4) Remove the supports and lower the vehicle.
N·m (70 ft. lbs.).
(5) Tighten the bolt at the axle shaft tube bracket
(4) Tighten the stabilizer bar to link nuts to 61
to 75 N·m (55 ft. lbs.).
N·m (45 ft. lbs.).
(6) Check alignment if a new track bar was
(5) Remove the supports and lower the vehicle.
installed.
2 - 10 SUSPENSION ZG
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION (Continued)
Fig. 9 Hub Bearing & Knuckle
(4) Remove stud from hub with Remover C-4150A
HUB BEARING
(Fig. 10).
REMOVAL
(1) Raise and support the vehicle.
(2) Remove the wheel and tire assembly.
(3) Remove the brake caliper, rotor and ABS wheel
speed sensor, refer to Group 5 Brakes.
(4) Remove the cotter pin, nut retainer and axle
hub nut (Fig. 9).
(5) Remove the hub mounting bolts and remove
hub bearing from the steering knuckle and axle
shaft.
INSTALLATION
(1) Install the hub bearing and brake dust shield
to the knuckle.
(2) Install the hub to knuckle bolts and tighten to
102 N·m (75 ft. lbs.).
(3) Install the hub washer and nut. Tighten the
Fig. 10 Wheel Stud Removal
hub nut to 237 N·m (175 ft. lbs.). Install the nut
INSTALLATION
retainer and a new cotter pin.
(1) Install new stud into hub flange.
(4) Install the brake rotor, caliper and ABS wheel
(2) Install three washers onto stud, then install
speed sensor, refer to Group 5 Brakes.
lug nut with the flat side of the nut against the
(5) Install the wheel and tire assembly.
washers.
(6) Remove support and lower the vehicle.
(3) Tighten lug nut until the stud is pulled into
WHEEL MOUNTING STUDS the hub flange. Verify that the stud is properly
seated into the flange.
REMOVAL
(4) Remove lug nut and washers.
(1) Raise and support vehicle.
(5) Install the brake rotor and caliper, refer to
(2) Remove wheel and tire assembly.
Group 5 Brakes for procedure.
(3) Remove brake caliper and rotor, refer to Group
5 Brakes for procedure.
ZG SUSPENSION 2 - 11
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION (Continued)
(6) Install wheel and tire assembly, use new lug
nut on stud or studs that were replaced.
(7) Remove support and lower vehicle.
SPECIFICATIONS
TORQUE CHART
DESCRIPTION TORQUE
Shock Absorber
Nut, Long 7603 (J-21474 18)
Upper Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 N·m(17 ft. lbs.)
Lower Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 N·m(21 ft. lbs.)
Suspension Arm Upper
Nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75 N·m(55 ft. lbs.)
Suspension Arm Lower
Axle Bracket Nut. . . . . . . . . . .115 N·m(85 ft. lbs.)
Frame Bracket Nut . . . . . . . .176 N·m (130 ft. lbs.)
Stabilizer Bar
Clamp Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 N·m(40 ft. lbs.)
Link Upper Nut. . . . . . . . . . . . .61 N·m(45 ft. lbs.)
Link Lower Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . .95 N·m(70 ft. lbs.)
Bolt, Special 7604 (J-21474 19)
Track Bar
Ball Stud Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81 N·m(60 ft. lbs.)
Axle Bracket Bolt . . . . . . . . . . .75 N·m(55 ft. lbs.)
Track Bar Bracket
Bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121 N·m (90 ft. lbs.)
Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121 N·m (90 ft. lbs.)
Support Bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95 N·m(70 ft. lbs.)
Hub Bearing
Bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102 N·m (75 ft. lbs.)
SPECIAL TOOLS
Remover C-4150A
FRONT SUSPENSION
Remover Tie Rod End MB-990635
Remover/Installer Suspension Bushing 7932
(J-35581)
2 - 12 SUSPENSION ZG
REAR SUSPENSION
INDEX
page page
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION SHOCK ABSORBER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
REAR SUSPENSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 STABILIZER BAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING TRACK BAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
SHOCK DIAGNOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 UPPER SUSPENSION ARM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION SPECIFICATIONS
COIL SPRING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 TORQUE CHART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
LOWER SUSPENSION ARM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Upper And Lower Suspension: The suspension
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
arms use bushings to isolate road noise. The suspen-
sion arms are bolted to the body and axle through
REAR SUSPENSION
the rubber bushings. The lower suspension arm has
The rear suspension is link/coil design comprised of
provision for the use of cam bolts at the axle to allow
(Fig. 1):
for pinion angle or thrust angle adjustment. The
" Drive axle
cams are available as a service kit and are not
" Dual-action shock absorbers
installed at the factory. The suspension arm travel is
" Coil springs
limited through the of use jounce bumpers in com-
" Upper and lower suspension arms
pression and shock absorbers in rebound.
" Track bar
Shock Absorbers: The shock absorbers dampen
" Stabilizer bar
jounce and rebound of the vehicle over various road
conditions. The top of the shock absorbers are bolted
to the body. The bottom of the shocks are bolted to
the axle shock absorber bracket.
Coil Springs: The coil springs mount up in the
fender shield that is part of the unitized body
bracket. There is a rubber isolator between the top of
the spring and bracket to isolate road noise. The bot-
tom of the spring seats on the axle pad and is
retained with a clip.
Stabilizer Bar: The stabilizer bar is used to con-
trol vehicle body roll during turns. The spring steel
bar helps to equalize the vehicle body in relationship
to the suspension. The bar extends across the under-
side of the chassis and connects to the frame rails.
Links are connected from the bar to the axle brack-
ets. Stabilizer bar are isolated by rubber bushings.
Track Bar: The track bar is used to control rear
axle lateral movement. The track bar is attached to a
frame rail bracket and an axle bracket. It is isolated
with bushings at both ends.
CAUTION: Suspension components with rubber/
urethane bushings (except stabilizer bar) should be
tightened with the vehicle at normal ride height. It is
important to have the springs supporting the weight
of the vehicle when the fasteners are torqued. This
will maintain vehicle ride comfort and prevent pre-
mature bushing wear.
Fig. 1 Rear Suspension
ZG SUSPENSION 2 - 13
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
SHOCK DIAGNOSIS
A knocking or rattling noise from a shock absorber
may be caused by movement between mounting
bushings and metal brackets or attaching compo-
nents. These noises can usually be stopped by tight-
ening the attaching nuts. If the noise persists,
inspect for damaged and worn bushings, and attach-
ing components. Repair as necessary if any of these
conditions exist.
A squeaking noise from the shock absorber may be
caused by the hydraulic valving and may be intermit-
tent. This condition is not repairable and the shock
absorber must be replaced.
The shock absorbers are not refillable or adjust-
able. If a malfunction occurs, the shock absorber
must be replaced. To test a shock absorber, hold it in
an upright position and force the piston in and out of
the cylinder four or five times. The action throughout
each stroke should be smooth and even.
The shock absorber bushings do not require any
type of lubrication. Do not attempt to stop bushing
Fig. 2 Rear Coil Spring & Shock Absorber
noise by lubricating them. Grease and mineral oil-
(3) Disconnect the track bar from the frame rail
base lubricants will deteriorate the bushing.
bracket.
(4) Lower the axle until the spring is free from the
upper mount seat. Remove the coil spring retainer
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
bolt (Fig. 2) and remove the spring.
SHOCK ABSORBER
INSTALLATION
Inspect isolator for damage or wear. Replace the
REMOVAL
isolator if necessary before installing spring.
(1) Raise and support the vehicle. Position a
(1) Position the coil spring on the axle pad. Install
hydraulic jack under the axle to support it.
the spring retainer and bolt. Tighten the bolt to 22
(2) Remove the upper nut and retainer from the
N·m (16 ft. lbs.).
frame rail stud (Fig. 2).
(2) Raise the axle into position until the spring
(3) Remove the lower nut and bolt from the axle
seats in the upper mount.
bracket. Remove the shock absorber.
(3) Connect the stabilizer bar links and shock
absorbers to the axle bracket. Connect the track bar
INSTALLATION
to the frame rail bracket.
(1) Install the shock absorber on the upper frame
(4) Remove the supports and lower the vehicle.
rail stud. Install the shock absorber on the axle
(5) Tighten the track bar and shock absorber to
bracket.
specified torque.
(2) Install the retainer and nut on the stud.
Tighten the upper nut to 70 N·m (52 ft. lbs.).
LOWER SUSPENSION ARM
(3) Install lower bolt and nut finger tight.
(4) Remove the supports and lower the vehicle.
REMOVAL
(5) Tighten the lower nut to 92 N·m (68 ft. lbs.).
(1) Raise and support the vehicle.
(2) Remove the lower suspension arm nut and bolt
COIL SPRING
at the axle bracket (Fig. 3).
(3) Remove the nut and bolt (Fig. 3) at the frame
REMOVAL
(1) Raise and support the vehicle. Position a rail and remove the lower suspension arm.
hydraulic jack under the axle to support it.
INSTALLATION
(2) Disconnect the stabilizer bar link and shock
(1) Position the lower suspension arm at the axle
absorber from the axle bracket.
bracket and frame rail bracket.
2 - 14 SUSPENSION ZG
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION (Continued)
(5) Disconnect the stabilizer bar clamps from the
frame rails. Remove the stabilizer bar.
Fig. 3 Upper & Lower Suspension Arms
(2) Install the bolts and finger tighten the nuts.
(3) Remove the supports and lower the vehicle.
Fig. 4 Rear Stabilizer Bar
(4) Tighten the lower suspension arm nuts to 177
N·m (130 ft. lbs.). INSTALLATION
(1) Position the stabilizer bar on the frame rail
UPPER SUSPENSION ARM
and install the clamps and bolts. Ensure the bar is
centered with equal spacing on both sides. Tighten
REMOVAL
the bolts to 54 N·m (40 ft. lbs.).
(1) Raise and support the vehicle.
(2) Install the links and grommets onto the stabi-
(2) Remove the upper suspension arm nut and bolt
lizer bar and axle brackets. Install the nuts and
at the axle bracket (Fig. 3). Remove the ABS wire
tighten to 36 N·m (27 ft. lbs.).
bracket from the arm.
(3) Connect the muffler and tail pipe to their
(3) Remove the nut and bolt at the frame rail and
hangers.
remove the upper suspension arm.
(4) Install the wheel and tire assembly.
INSTALLATION
TRACK BAR
(1) Position the upper suspension arm at the axle
and frame rail.
REMOVAL
(2) Install the bolts and finger tighten the nuts.
(1) Raise and support the vehicle.
Install the ABS wire bracket onto the arm.
(2) Remove the bolt and nut from the frame rail
(3) Remove the supports and lower the vehicle.
bracket (Fig. 5).
(4) Tighten the upper suspension arm nuts to 75
(3) Remove the bolt from the axle tube bracket
N·m (55 ft. lbs.).
(Fig. 5). Remove the track bar.
STABILIZER BAR
INSTALLATION
(1) Install the track bar to the axle bracket and
REMOVAL
install a new bolt.
(1) Raise and support the vehicle. Remove one
(2) It may be necessary to pry the axle assembly
wheel and tire.
over to install the track bar. Install the track bar to
(2) Disconnect the stabilizer bar links from the
the frame rail bracket. Loosely install the bolt and
axle brackets (Fig. 4).
flag nut.
(3) Lower the exhaust by disconnecting the muffler
(3) Remove the supports and lower the vehicle.
and tail pipe hangers.
(4) Tighten the track bar bolts 100 N·m (74 ft.
(4) Disconnect the stabilizer bar from the links.
lbs.).
ZG SUSPENSION 2 - 15
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION (Continued)
SPECIFICATIONS
TORQUE CHART
DESCRIPTION TORQUE
Shock Absorber
Upper Nut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70 N·m(52 ft. lbs.)
Lower Nut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92 N·m(68 ft. lbs.)
Suspension Arm Upper
Nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75 N·m(55 ft. lbs.)
Suspension Arm Lower
Nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177 N·m (130 ft. lbs.)
Stabilizer Bar
Clamp Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 N·m(40 ft. lbs.)
Link Nut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 N·m(27 ft. lbs.)
Track Bar
Frame Bracket Nut. . . . . . . . .100 N·m (74 ft. lbs.)
Axle Bracket Bolt . . . . . . . . . .100 N·m (74 ft. lbs.)
Fig. 5 Rear Track Bar