126

1 He works at a hotel. He lays

the tables and serves dinner
every day.

2 It rarely rains in the desert.

3 The plane to London takes

off at 6:50 am.

4 a) Hill kicks the ball and

passes it to Dawson.

b) Laura Hunt actssuperbly

in the film.

c) So, the prince tells her

5 Helen is working hard

these days. Right now
she’s reading a
newspaper.

6 You’re always forgetting

to pay the bills.

7 Melanie is getting married at

3 this afternoon.

8 More and more forests are

disappearing because of
fires.

9 They have been friends

for twenty years.

10 Sarah has been picking

vegetables for two hours.

11 She has picked a lot of

apples.

12 He is dirty. He has been

playing football.

13 a) He has broken his arm.

b) Peter has been to Paris

four times.

14 a) She has received three

faxes this morning.

b) She received three

faxes this morning.

15 Who has been reading my

business papers?

Unit 1 (flashcards 1 - 19)

R

R

R

R

u

u

u

u

b

b

b

b

rr

rr

ii

ii

c

c

c

c

s

s

s

s

ff

ff

o

o

o

o

rr

rr

tt

tt

h

h

h

h

e

e

e

e

ff

ff

ll

ll

a

a

a

a

s

s

s

s

h

h

h

h

c

c

c

c

a

a

a

a

rr

rr

d

d

d

d

s

s

s

s

127

16 —

17 S1: Mr Parker has put on

weight.

S2: Alice has taken up

tennis. etc.

18 A: Where are the Millers?

B: They’ve gone to

Buenos Aires.

19 A: Where have you

been?

B: We’ve been to Buenos

Aires.

1 They spent their holidays in

Switzerland last winter. They
had a great time.

2 First, he read the message.

Then, he called his boss.

3 People travelled/used to

travel by carriage in those
days.

4 At three o’clock yesterday

afternoon, they were
sitting at an outdoor café.

5 He was walking when he

slipped on a banana skin.

6 She was steering the boat

while he was playing the
guitar.

7 Marilyn Monroe starred in a

number of successful films.

8 Todd and Emily were

riding through the forest.
The sun was shining and
the birds were singing.

9 —

10 Kate Steele wrote her first

novel in 1970.

11 Kate Steele has written a

lot of successful novels.

12 George Barns was a

basketball player for ten
years.

Unit 2 (flashcards 1 - 24)

128

13 Jim Presley has worked/

has been working as a
waiter for fifteen years.

14 They had already reserved

the table when they went to
the restaurant. They had
already sat down for dinner
by 8 pm.

15 They had been skating

together for five years
before they entered the
competition.

16 Bill had injured his legs in

a car accident, so he had
to use a wheelchair for six
months.

17 She had been working hard

that day, so she was tired.

18 Last Monday, Lisa and her

husband fed the children
when he came home.

19 Last Tuesday, Lisa was

feeding the children when
her husband came home.

20 Last Friday, Lisa had

already fed the children
when her husband came
home.

21 —

22 —

23 —

24 —

Unit 3 (flashcards 1 - 14)

1 His parents think he will

become an artist one day.

2 I’ll take this jacket.

3 Since it’s your birthday, I’ll

pay for lunch.

4 Jill will be two years old

next month.

5 I hope pollution levels will

drop soon.

Factories must stop
polluting the air or else we
won’t be able to breathe.

129

1 She wants to finish her

work. She must work
overtime. She hopes to get
a promotion soon.

2

—

3 They all want to answer the

question.

4 I want John to explain this.

5 He is too young to walk by

himself.

Unit 4 (flashcards 1 - 7)

6 I’m going to employ more

staff.

I’m going to expand my
company.

7 Look at him! He is going to

win the race.

8 He is leaving for

Amsterdam in an hour.

9 The film starts in ten

minutes.

10 This time next week, I’ll be

skiing in Austria.

11 A: Shall I inform the rest of

the team?

B: No, I’ll do it. I’ll be

seeing them at the
meeting anyway.

12 A: Will you be going out

later?

B: Yes. Why?
A: Could you get me a

sandwich, please?

13 They will have finished

their meeting by four
o’clock this afternoon.

14 By the time Rick retires, he

will have been working for
the same company for thirty
years.

130

6 There is enough snow to

build a snowman.

7 Windsurfing is a popular

summer sport. A lot of young
people spend hours
windsurfing.

Unit 5 (flashcards 1 - 38)

1 You must stop when the

traffic light is red.

2 You mustn’t/can’t park here.

3 You must behave yourself at

school.

4 a) They must be the boy’s

parents.

b) They can’t be the boy’s

grandparents.

5 I must find a hotel to stay at

tonight.

6 I have to wear a uniform at

work.

7 Must I do my homework

now?

8 Do I have to type these

letters now?

9 They mustn’t play on the

railway track.

10 The farmer needn’t/doesn’t

need to/doesn’t have to
buy any eggs.

11 They didn’t need to cut any

more wood.

12 You needn’t have bought

me a gift.

13 He can fly a helicopter.

14 I could ski very well when I

was young.

15 A: Can I go swimming?

B: No, you can’t.

16 A: Could/May/Might I have

a look at this report?

B: Certainly.

17 You can’t see Kim tonight,

but you can see her
tomorrow if you like.

18 —

131

19 Can/Could/Shall I get you

anything from the
supermarket?

20 A: What shall we do tonight?

B: We can/could go to the

cinema.

21 A: Can/Could/Will/Would

you help me with my
French homework
please?

B: Of course.

22 a) They can’t be strangers.

b) They must know each

other.

23 A: John is late.

B: He could be stuck in

traffic.

24 Yesterday, there was a

terrible accident.
The driver could have been
killed.

25 She was able to climb to

the top of the mountain.

26 They can’t be at work.

They must be on holiday.

27 She can’t be doing her

homework.
She must be writing a letter.

28 He can’t have done the

exercise properly.
He must have strained his
back.

29 The drivers can’t have been

driving slowly.
The drivers must have been
driving too fast.

30 A: Where’s Aunt Julia?

B: She may/might/could still

be at work.

31 A: May/Might I ask you

another question?

B: Of course.

32 A: May/Can/Could I have a

pen and some paper,
please?

B: Here you are.

33 A: Can/Could/Shall I help

you choose Mary’s
present?

B: That would be great.

132

34 A: Shall/Can/Could we go

to the market today?

B: I’d rather not.

35 A: Where shall we go

tonight?

B: We can/could go to the

theatre.

36 A: Will/Can you hold the

plate for me, please?

B: Of course.

37 You should/ought to be

more careful.

38 You all should/ought to

have tried harder.

1 Stonehenge was built in

prehistoric times. It was
probably constructed as a
place of worship. Many of its
stones have been stolen
over the years. It is visited
by a lot of tourists every year.

2 Mrs Archer’s ruby ring was

stolen from her house last
night.

3 Rolls Royce cars are made

in England.

4 The cows are milked once

a day.

5 Two teenagers were

seriously injured in a car
accident last night.

Unit 6 (flashcards 1 - 5)

1 The children had breakfast

with their parents before they
left for school. Their mother
will have cleaned the house
by the time they come back.

2 —

3 Forests are being

destroyed. As a result/
Therefore/Consequently a
lot of animals are losing
their homes.

Unit 7 (flashcards 1 - 8)

133

4 The air is becoming polluted

because of factories.
The air is becoming polluted
due to the fact that there
are a lot of factories.

5 They went to the beach to

enjoy the sunset.
They went to the beach so
that they could enjoy the
sunset.

6 They enjoy working in the

garden although/even
though it is very hard work.

7 They look as if/as though

they are celebrating.

8 I don’t like her. She speaks

to me as if she was the
boss.

1 If/When the sun shines,

snow melts.

2 If he doesn’t study hard,

he won’t pass his exam.

3 Bob is daydreaming.

If I won the lottery, I would
buy an expensive car and I
would go on holiday to a
tropical island next summer.

4 John got up late, so he

missed the bus.
If John hadn’t got up late,
he wouldn’t have missed
the bus.

5 I wish I could understand

what he’s saying.

6 I wish I hadn’t spent all that

money.

7 I wish it would stop raining.

8 A: You had better apply to

a university abroad.

B: No, I’d rather study near

home.

Unit 8 (flashcards 1 - 8)

134

1 A racing driver is someone

who/that drives racing cars
and whose job is very
dangerous.

A kangaroo is an animal
which/that lives in Australia.
A book is something which/
that people read.

Unit 9 (flashcard 1)

1 I’m very happy with your

results in the History exam.

What did Mr Reed tell his
class yesterday?

He said to the class, ‘I’m
very happy with your
results in the History
exam.’ OR
He told the class (that) he
was very happy with their
results in the History exam.

2 Have you had any

experience?
Why do you want this job?
Yesterday, Eric had a
job interview.
The manager asked Eric
if/whether he had had any
experience.

He also asked him why he
wanted the job.

3 Let’s fly the kite.

Pull the strings harder!
Unroll more string, please.
Don’t let go of the kite!

Keith suggested flying the
kite.
He told Paul to pull the
strings harder.
He asked Paul to unroll
more string.
He also told him not to let
go of the kite.

Unit 10 (flashcards 1 - 3)

135

1 Jane Silver is painting a

picture.

2 Anne Taylor is having her

portrait painted.

3 —

4 —

5 —

6 —

7 —

8 —

9 —

10 —

Unit 11 (flashcards 1 - 10)

1 There is an egg.

There are some peppers.
There is also some
chocolate.

What else is there in the
picture?

2 —

Unit 12 (flashcards 1, 2)

1 It’s a pleasant warm day.

There is a woman sitting on
a wooden bench. She is
young.

2 Vets work hard.

They treat animals gently
and examine them carefully.

3 Price:

í2,000

People:

4

Top Speed: 80 mph
Age:

15 years old

This car is cheap. It is also
old.

Unit 13 (flashcards 1 - 6)

136

4 Price:

í8,000

People:

6

Top Speed: 100 mph
Age:

5 years old

This car is more expensive
than the first car. It is also
faster.

5 Price:

í18,000

People:

2

Top Speed: 130 mph
Age:

1 year old

This car is the most
expensive of all. It is also
the fastest of all.

6 The sofa is as comfortable

as the armchair.
The stool is not as/so big
as the sofa.
The armchair is less
expensive than the sofa.

1 This is Emma and Bob.

Emma loves romantic films,
but Bob can’t stand them.
She likes classical music, but
he hates it. They both love
their dog and they take good
care of him.

2 This is the Smith family.

They are in their living room.
Their daughter, Tina, is
watching her favourite TV
programme.

3 Ken grew these flowers

himself.

4 They are enjoying

themselves.

5 Janet and Beth are looking

at themselves in the mirror.

6 They are looking at each

other.

7 —

8 This is a flower, Jimmy.

9 Look at that! It’s a deer.

Unit 14 (flashcards 1 - 18)

137

10 There is some nice furniture

in the room. There are some
books on the table. There is
nobody in the room. There
isn’t anything under the table.

11 Many invited every girl from

the office to her party.

Each girl brought her a
present.

12 There is a lot of/lots of cake.

Are there many eggs? Yes,
there are a lot.
Is there much orange juice?
Yes, there is a lot.

13 Jim has got a few stamps.

He can post all the letters.

14 Ben has got (very) few

stamps. He can’t post all
the letters.

15 Alice has got a little sugar.

She can make a cake.

16 Diana has got (very) little

sugar. She can’t make a
cake.

17 Both of them live in water.

Neither of them makes/
make a lot of noise. Both
the dolphin and the turtle
are friendly animals. Neither
the dolphin nor the turtle is
dangerous.

18 All of them are wild animals.

None of them eats/eat
vegetables. All of them have
got sharp teeth.

Unit 15 (flashcards 1 - 6)

1 ‘Is she a typist?’ ‘Yes, she is.’

‘Does she work for a
company?’ ‘Yes, she does.’
‘Has she finished her work?’
‘No, she hasn’t.’

2 Isn’t it a lovely place!

Wouldn’t it be nice to
come here more often?

138

3 ‘How many people are

there in the picture?’ ‘Three’
‘Where are they?’ ‘They’re in
the street.’
‘What are they doing?’
‘They’re talking.’

4 It isn’t a dog, is it?

They are peacocks, aren’t
they?

5 This isn’t a sparrow, is it?

6 This is a turtle, isn’t it?

Unit 16 (flashcards 1 - 9)

1 There is a vase on the table.

There are some flowers in
the vase. The cat is under
the table. There are some
books next to/by /beside
the vase. The keys are on
top of the books.

2 The dentist’s is above/ over

the travel agent’s. The travel
agent’s is below the dentist’s.
A man is walking past the
travel agent’s. A woman is
walking across the street.
A boy is cycling along the
pavement.

3 The bus is going from London

to Heathrow Airport. The bus
driver is leaning against the
bus. There is a man at the bus
stop. He’s taking some money
out of his pocket.

4 A car is going through the

gateway. The guards are
standing opposite each
other. The building is
beyond the gateway.

5 There are some people

inside the restaurant. A man
is sitting between two
women. The woman is
waiting outside the
restaurant.

6 The man is standing in front

of the woman. The woman
is standing behind the man.
The dog is running towards
them.

7 The clown is standing

among the children. They
are all running round/
around him.

139

8 The woman is going up the

steps and the man is
coming down the steps.

9 He’s taking the letters off the

trolley and putting them
onto the desks.