opis symulatora Z80

background image

3ROLWHFKQLND%LDáRVWRFND

:\G]LDá(OHNWU\F]Q\

.DWHGUD$XWRPDW\NLL(OHNWURQLNL

%LDá\VWRN

6

<08/$725

3

52*5$02:<

0

,.52352&(625$

=

RSLVX*\WNRZ\

GULQ*/*URG]NL

QDSRGVWDZLHSUDF\G\SORPRZHMPJULQ*-5\G]HZVNLHJR

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

2*Ï/1<23,6352*5$08

.

21),*852:$1,(352*5$08

6

<08/$&-$,:,=8$/,=$&-$67$18352&(625$

=

$5='=$1,(2.1$0,:352*5$0,(

23,68)<7.2:<6<08/$725$

3

5=<*272:$1,(7(.678352*5$08

$

6(0%/$&-$352*5$08

2

%6à8*$6<08/$725$

3UDFDNURNRZD

3UDFDFLJáD

3U]HVNRF]

:\NRQDMGR

:\NRQDMGR5(7

$XWRNURN

3XáDSNL

3U]HUZDQLD

0

(18

3

52-(.7

%,%/,2*5$),$

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

2JyOQ\RSLVSURJUDPX

2SUyF] SRGVWDZRZHM IXQNFML MDN MHVW SURJUDPRZD V\PXODFMD G]LDáDQLD

PLNURSURFHVRUD = SURJUDP RIHUXMH X*\WNRZQLNRZL ZEXGRZDQ\ HG\WRU WHNVWX
(UyGáRZHJRRUD]PHFKDQL]PDVHPEODFMLWHJRWHNVWXGRSOLNXZ\QLNRZHJRSU]\X*\FLX
Z\EUDQHJRDVHPEOHUDGRP\OQLHMHVWWRPHWDDVHPEOHU&>@

3URJUDPSRVLDGDXSRU]GNRZDQHPHQXZNWyU\P]DZDUWHV ZV]\VWNLHIXQNFMH

'RGDWNRZR SRQL*HM PHQX XPLHV]F]RQR SDVHN ] V]\ENLPL SU]\FLVNDPL NWyUH UHDOL]XM
QDMF]FLHMZ\NRQ\ZDQHIXQNFMH

3URJUDP PR*H SUDFRZDü SRG V\VWHPDPL URG]LQ\ :LQGRZV F]\OL :LQGRZV

Š

:LQGRZV0H

Š

:LQGRZV

Š

L:LQGRZV;3

Š

7\SV\VWHPXQLHPDGX*HJR]QDF]HQLD

SRQLHZD* SURJUDPQLHNRU]\VWD]HVSHF\ILF]Q\FKGODGDQHJRV\VWHPXIXQNFML

.RQILJXURZDQLHSURJUDPX

:FHOXGRVWRVRZDQLDSURJUDPXGRLQG\ZLGXDOQ\FKSRWU]HEX*\WNRZQLNDSRVLDGD

RQPR*OLZRü XVWDZLDQLD SHZQ\FK SDUDPHWUyZNWyUH GHF\GXM R G]LDáDQLX SURJUDPX
:V]\VWNLH SDUDPHWU\ NRQILJXUDFML SURJUDPX PR*QD ]PLHQLDü Z VSHFMDOQ\P RNQLH
NRQILJXUDFML NWyUH RWZLHUD VL ] PHQX >.RQILJXUDFMD=PLH@ 2NQR WR ]DZLHUD NLOND
]DNáDGHN ] JUXSDPL XVWDZLH 1D ND*GHM ]DNáDGFH ]QDMGXM VL SDUDPHWU\ Z\EUDQHM
JUXS\ 3RG]LDá WHQ XáDWZLD RULHQWDFM Z JV]F]X Uy*Q\FK RSFML :LGRN ]DNáDGHN RNQD
NRQILJXUDFML SU]HGVWDZLDM U\VXQNL 3R ]PLDQLH XVWDZLH NRQILJXUDF\MQ\FK
ZVND]DQH MHVW LFK ]DSLVDQLH Z SOLNX NRQILJXUDF\MQ\P 6<08/$725,1, RSFMDPL
>.RQILJXUDFMD=DSLV]@

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

5\V2NQRNRQILJXUDFMLXVWDZLHQLDRJyOQH

5\V2NQRNRQILJXUDFMLXVWDZLHQLDNRORUyZ

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

5\V2NQRNRQILJXUDFMLXVWDZLHQLDHG\WRUD

5\V2NQRNRQILJXUDFMLXVWDZLHQLDDVHPEODFML

6\PXODFMDLZL]XDOL]DFMDVWDQXSURFHVRUD

6\PXODFMDPLNURSURFHVRUDZ\NRQ\ZDQDMHVWQDSR]LRPLHUR]ND]yZ3R]LRPWHQ

MHVWZ\VWDUF]DMF\GRWHVWRZDQLDLXUXFKDPLDQLDSURJUDPyZSLVDQ\FKSU]H]VWXGHQWyZ
QD]DMFLDFKODERUDWRU\MQ\FK)XQNFMHGRW\F]FHV\PXODFMLV Z]RURZDQHQDIXQNFMDFK
SDQD 0DUDWD )D\]XOOLQD 'UyGáD W\FK IXQNFML XGRVWSQLá RQ GR QLHNRPHUF\MQHJR
Z\NRU]\VWDQLDQD>@

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

:L]XDOL]DFMD]HVWDZXUHMHVWUyZLIODJXPLHV]F]RQDMHVWZRGG]LHOQ\PRNQLHNWyUH

QD]\ZD VL 5HMHVWU\ SU]HGVWDZLRQ\P QD U\VXQNX 0LQLPDOQ\ ZLGRN WHJR RNQD
]DZLHUD IODJL L UHMHVWU\ SRGVWDZRZH :DUWRFL UHMHVWUyZ V SU]HGVWDZLRQH QD GZD
VSRVRE\ZV\VWHPLHV]HVQDVWNRZ\P+(;ZVSHFMDOQ\PSROXHG\F\MQ\PRERNQD]Z\
UHMHVWUXL Z V\VWHPLH ELQDUQ\P ]D SRPRF NRORURZ\FK SURVWRNWyZ UHSUH]HQWXMF\FK
SRV]F]HJyOQH ELW\ UHMHVWUX :DUWRü UHMHVWUX PR*QD ]PLHQLDü ZSLVXMF ZDUWRü Z
V\VWHPLHV]HVQDVWNRZ\P+(;OXENOLNDMFQDSRV]F]HJyOQHSURVWRNW\LPRG\ILNXMF
ZWHQVSRVyEZDUWRüSRMHG\QF]\FKELWyZ

5\V3HáQHRNQRUHMHVWUyZ

2NQR UHMHVWUyZ PR*H E\ü SRZLNV]RQH R SUH]HQWDFM ]DZDUWRFL SDPLFL

DGUHVRZDQHMSU]H]UHMHVWU\NWyUHPRJ VáX*\üPLQGRDGUHVRZDQLDSRUHGQLHJR%&
'( +/ ,; ,< 3& 63 0R*OLZH MHVW UyZQLH* SRZLNV]HQLH RNQD Z FHOX SUH]HQWDFML
]HVWDZXUHMHVWUyZ DOWHUQDW\ZQ\FK 5R]ZL]DQLH WDNLH GDMH PR*OLZRü ]DRV]F]G]HQLD
PLHMVFDQDHNUDQLHSU]H]GRVWRVRZDQLHZ\PLDUyZRNQDGRSRWU]HEX*\WNRZQLND

=DZDUWRüSDPLFL5$0MHVWSU]HGVWDZLRQDZRNQLH5$0;JG]LH;WR QXPHU

RNQDSDPLFL2]QDF]DWRPR*OLZRüSRND]DQLDNLONXRNLHQ]SDPLFL.D*GHPDVZyM
QXPHU3U]\NáDGRZ\ZLGRNWDNLHJRRNQDMHVWQDU\VXQNX']LNLWHPXPR*OLZHMHVW
REVHUZRZDQLH MHGQRF]HQLH NLONX REV]DUyZ SDPLFL 3RV]F]HJyOQH NRPyUNL SDPLFL
XPLHV]F]RQH V Z WDEHOL NWyUD PD NROXPQ L Z ]DOH*QRFL RG UR]PLDUX SDPLFL
RGSRZLHGQL OLF]E ZLHUV]\ : SLHUZV]HM NROXPQLH XPLHV]F]RQ\ MHVW DGUHV SLHUZV]HM
NRPyUNL Z GDQ\P ZLHUV]X 1DVWSQH RVLHP NROXPQ WR NROHMQH NRPyUNL SDPLFL
']LHZLWD NROXPQD SU]HGVWDZLD RGSRZLHGQLNL Z NRG]LH $6&,, ]DZDUWRFL NRPyUHN Z

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

ZLHUV]X 1D GROH RNLHQND XPLHFLáHP SDVHN VWDWXVX QD NWyU\P Z\ZLHWODQH V
LQIRUPDFMH WDNLH MDN DGUHV ]D]QDF]RQHM NRPyUNL SDPLFL ZDUWRü Z V\VWHPLH
V]HVQDVWNRZ\P+(;ZDUWRüZV\VWHPLHG]LHVLWQ\PL]QDNZNRG]LH$6&,,:UD]LH
JG\E\ ]DLVWQLDáD NRQLHF]QRü RGZLH*HQLD ZLGRNX SDPLFL QDOH*\ GZXNURWQLH NOLNQü
QD SDVHN VWDWXVX 3R ]DNRF]RQ\P RGZLH*DQLX ]RVWDQLH Z\ZLHWORQ\ QD W\P SDVNX
NRPXQLNDWÄ2GZLH*DQLH]DNRF]RQH´

5\V2NQRZLGRNXSDPLFL

3UH]HQWDFMDSRUWyZZHMüZ\MüSRVLDGDRVREQHRNQR3RUW\MDNQDU\VXQNX

QLHZLGRF]QH SU]\ XUXFKRPLHQLX SURJUDPX 0R*QD MH MHGQDN SU]\ZRáDü SROHFHQLHP
>2NQD3RND* SRUW\@:RNQLH3RUW\ PR*OLZ\MHVWMHGQRF]HVQ\SRGJOGF]WHUHFKSRUWyZ
1XPHUSRUWXPR*QDZ\EUDü]DSRPRF VSHFMDOQ\FKSyOHG\F\MQ\FKZNWyU\FKQXPHU
SRUWXMHVWSU]HGVWDZLRQ\ZV\VWHPLHV]HVQDVWNRZ\P=DZDUWRüZ\EUDQHJRSRUWXMHVW
SUH]HQWRZDQD SRGREQLH MDN UHMHVWU\ QD GZD VSRVRE\ Z V\VWHPLH V]HVQDVWNRZ\P
+(; Z VSHFMDOQ\P SROX HG\F\MQ\P RERN QXPHUX SRUWX L Z V\VWHPLH ELQDUQ\P ]D
SRPRF NRORURZ\FKSURVWRNWyZUHSUH]HQWXMF\FKVWDQ\SRV]F]HJyOQ\FKELWyZSRUWX

5\V2NQRSRUWyZZHZ\

2NQR .RG SURJUDPX ]DZLHUD LQWHUSUHWDFM ]DZDUWRFL SDPLFL MDNR UR]ND]yZ

PLNURSURFHVRUD*áyZQ F]üRNQD]DMPXMHWDEOLFDSRVLDGDMFDWU]\NROXPQ\DGUHV
NRG UR]ND] : ND*G\P ZLHUV]X Z SLHUZV]HM NROXPQLH ]QDMGXMH VL DGUHV SRF]WNX
UR]ND]XZGUXJLHMNRGUR]ND]XZNRG]LH+(;ZWU]HFLHM±PQHPRQLNDVHPEOHURZ\
UR]ND]X3URJUDPQLHPDPR*OLZRFLUR]SR]QDQLDF]\SRGGDQ\PDGUHVHPZSDPLFL

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

]QDMGXMH VL UR]ND] F]\ GDQH 'ODWHJR FDá\ REV]DU SDPLFL MHVW LQWHUSUHWRZDQ\ MDNR
UR]ND]\=WHJRZ]JOGXPR*HVL ]GDU]\ü*HSRF]WHNNROHMQHJRUR]ND]X]DF]QLHVL
ZQLHZáDFLZ\PPLHMVFX1DU\VXQNXMHVWSRND]DQHSU]\NáDGRZH(UyGáRSURJUDPX
NWyUH]RVWDáRVNRPSLORZDQHL]DáDGRZDQHGRSDPLFLV\PXODWRUD

5\V=áDLQWHUSUHWDFMDNRGXSURJUDPX

3URJUDP ]DF]\QD VL RG DGUHVX + 3LHUZV] LQVWUXNFM MHVW VNRN GR HW\NLHW\

VWDUW NWyUD ]QDMGXMH VL ]D GZXEDMWRZ GDQ &+ 1DVWSQLH ]ZLNV]DQD MHVW R
MHGHQ ZDUWRFL UHMHVWUX $ L QDVWSXMH SRQRZQ\ VNRN GR HW\NLHW\ VWDUW 3R NRPSLODFML L
]DáDGRZDQLXWHJRSURJUDPXGRSDPLFLV\PXODWRUDZRNQLHÄ.RG SURJUDPX´ SRMDZLáD
VL LQWHUSUHWDFMD WHJR NRGX ZLGRF]QD QD U\VXQNX 1D SU]\NáDG]LH WHJR NUyWNLHJR
SURJUDPXZLGDü*HLQWHUSUHWDFMDNRGXSLHUZV]HMLQVWUXNFMLMHVWSUDZLGáRZD-3+D
QDVWSQD LQVWUXNFMD ]RVWDáD ]LQWHUSUHWRZDQD MDNR ,1& +/ D QLH MDNR GDQD + 7R
MHV]F]HQLHVWZDU]DSUREOHPXERUR]ND] MHVWMHGQREDMWRZ\L LQWHUSUHWDFMDQDVWSQHJR
NRGX ]DF]QLH VL RG NROHMQHJR EDMWX 1DVWSQ\ ]LQWHUSUHWRZDQ\ UR]ND] MHVW MX*
EDMWRZ\ -3 ;;;;+ 1DNáDGD VL RQ QD QDVWSQ SUDZLGáRZ LQVWUXNFM SRZRGXMF
EáGQH LQWHUSUHWDFMH NRGyZ GDOV]\FK UR]ND]yZ &KRü SURJUDP MHVW Z\NRQ\ZDQ\
SUDZLGáRZR WR LQWHUSUHWDFMD Z RNQLH NRGX MHVW EáGQD -H*HOL FKFHP\ DE\ Z GDOV]HM
F]FLSURJUDPE\áLQWHUSUHWRZDQ\SRSUDZQLHQDOH*\SRGDüDGUHVRGNWyUHJR]DF]\QD
VL SRSUDZQDLQVWUXNFMD0R*QD]URELüWRNOLNDMFSUDZ\PSU]\FLVNLHPP\V]NL ZRNQLH
NRGXSURJUDPXL]PHQXSRGUF]QHJRZ\EUDüRSFM 3RND* NRGRG3RMDZLVL RNQR]
S\WDQLHPRDGUHVMDNQDU\VXQNX

&38=7%/

+2),17

25*+

MSVWDUW

GZO&+

VWDUWLQFD

MSVWDUW

(1'

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

5\V2NQRGRSRGDQLDDGUHVX

1DOH*\SRGDüDGUHVZW\PSU]\SDGNX+L]D]QDF]\üRSFM Ä3RF]WHNRG

WHJRDGUHVX´7HUD]RNQRNRGXSURJUDPXZ\JOGDWDNMDNQDU\VXQNX

5\V3UDZLGáRZDLQWHUSUHWDFMDNRGXSURJUDPX

2NQR .RG SURJUDPX RSUyF] SUH]HQWDFML SU]HWáXPDF]RQ\FK UR]ND]yZ SRVLDGD

NLONDLQQ\FKSU]\GDWQ\FKIXQNFMLWDNLFKMDN
x ]PLDQD UR]ND]yZ UHDOL]RZDQ SU]H] HG\FM PQHPRQLND UR]ND]X Z WU]HFLHM

NROXPQLH RNQD -HOL QRZ\ UR]ND] MHVW GáX*V]\ Z EDMWDFK RG SLHUZRWQHJR WR
]PLDQLHXOHJQ WDN*HEDMW\QDVWSQH-HOL]PLHQLRQ\UR]ND] MHVWNUyWV]\WRZROQH
PLHMVFHMHVWZ\SHáQLDQHUR]ND]DPL123:REXSU]\SDGNDFKZ\ZLHWOLVL RNLHQNR]
LQIRUPDFMMDNDMHVWUy*QLFDZEDMWDFKLS\WDQLHPF]\NRQW\QXRZDü]PLDQ UR]ND]X
(G\FMDEH]SRUHGQLRZRNQLHNRGXSURJUDPXSRZLQQDRJUDQLF]\üVL GRGUREQ\FK
]PLDQ QLH SRZRGXMF\FK ]ZLNV]HQLD GáXJRFL NRGX UR]ND]X 1DWRPLDVW ZLNV]H
]PLDQ\SRZLQQ\E\üQDQRV]RQHZNRG]LH(UyGáRZ\PSURJUDPX

x RGZLH*HQLH ZLGRNX UHDOL]RZDQH SR NOLNQLFLX Z GROQ\ SDVHN RNQD SURJUDPX

]JRGQLH]ZLGRF]Q\PQDQLPRSLVHP3RQLHZD* RGZLH*DQLHPR*HF]DVHP]DMü
VSRURF]DVXZFHOXMHJRSU]HUZDQLDQDOH*\SRZWyUQLHNOLNQüQDSDVHNVWDWXVX

x Z\Uy*QLHQLHZLHUV]D]UR]ND]HPNWyU\]RVWDQLHZ\NRQDQ\ZQDVWSQ\PNURNXSUDF\

SURFHVRUDF]\OLSR]\FMDUHMHVWUX3&Z\Uy*QLRQ\ZLHUV]PDF]HUZRQHWáR

x PRG\ILNDFMDZDUWRFLOLF]QLNDUR]ND]yZ3&MH*HOLQRZDZDUWRü3&PDZVND]\ZDü

QD MHGHQ ] UR]ND]yZ ZLGRF]Q\FK Z RNQLH SURJUDPX WR QDOH*\ NOLNQü SUDZ\P

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

NODZLV]HP P\V]\ QD W\P UR]ND]LH L Z\EUDü ] SRMDZLDMFHJR VL PHQX RSFM
3& ;;;; ]PLHQL VL ZDUWRü 3& L ZVND]DQ\ UR]ND] ]RVWDQLH SRGZLHWORQ\ MDNR
UR]ND]GRZ\NRQDQLD

x Z\Uy*QLHQLH ZLHUV]\ Z NWyU\FK ]RVWDá\ XVWDZLRQH SXáDSNL Z\Uy*QLRQ\ ZLHUV] PD

]LHORQHWáR

x XVWDZLDQLH SXáDSHN SURJUDPRZ\FK SR NOLNQLFLX SUDZ\P NODZLV]HP P\V]\ QD

Z\EUDQ\ UR]ND] ZVND]XMHP\ RSFM 3U]HáF] SXáDSN DOER SR ZVND]DQLX UR]ND]X
OHZ\PNODZLV]HPP\V]\ZFLVNDP\)

x Z\NRQDQLH SURJUDPX GR Z\EUDQHJR ZLGRF]QHJR Z RNQLH UR]ND]X SR NOLNQLFLX

SUDZ\P NODZLV]HP P\V]\ QD Z\EUDQ\ UR]ND] ZVND]XMHP\ :\NRQDM GR DOER SR
ZVND]DQLXUR]ND]XOHZ\PNODZLV]HPP\V]\ZFLVNDP\)

=DU]G]DQLHRNQDPLZSURJUDPLH

2NQD ZLGRF]QH SRGF]DV SUDF\ SURJUDPX V\PXODWRUD SRGOHJDM W\SRZ\P

UHJXáRP MDN Z SURJUDPDFK RNLHQNRZ\FK PRJ E\ü SU]HVXZDQH ]DP\NDQH PR*QD
]PLHQLDü LFK Z\PLDU\ 'RGDWNRZR RNQR HG\WRUD WHNVWX SURJUDPX PR*H E\ü
PLQLPDOL]RZDQH OXE PDNV\PDOL]RZDQH 2SFMH PHQX >2NQD8VWDZ RNQD@ RUD]
>2NQD8VWDZ RNQD L UR]PLDU\@ VáX* V]\ENLHPX XSRU]GNRZDQLX SRGVWDZRZ\FK
RNLHQHNZL]XDOL]XMF\FKVWDQV\PXORZDQHJRSURFHVX

2SFMD >2NQD1RZH RNQR 5$0@ SR]ZDOD RWZLHUDü NROHMQH RNQD GR SRGJOGX

]DZDUWRFL V\PXORZDQHM SDPLFL RSHUDF\MQHM 2NQD WH ]DZV]H SRND]XM ]DZDUWRü
SDPLFLRGNRPyUNLRDGUHVLHK&KFFRJOGDüLQQ\IUDJPHQWSDPLFLQDOH*\X*\ü
GRVWSQ\FK]ERNXSU]\FLVNyZVXZDND

:UyG SU]\FLVNyZ V]\ENLHJR Z\ERUX ]QDMGXM VL WDN*H SU]\FLVNL SU]HáF]DMFH

DNW\ZXMFHRNQR5HMHVWU\

.RGSURJUDPX

LGRZROQHRNQR5$0;

2SLVX*\WNRZ\V\PXODWRUD

3URJUDPXUXFKDPLDVL SU]H]Z\ZRáDQLHSOLNXV\PXODWRUH[H 3RFKZLOLSRMDZLD

VL RNQRJáyZQHSURJUDPXMDNQDU\VXQNX

5\V2NQRJáyZQHSURJUDPX

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

1DVWSQLH Z ]DOH*QRFL RG SRWU]HE SU]\VWSXMHP\ GR SU]\JRWRZDQLH WHNVWX

SURJUDPX MHJR DVHPEODFML OXE V\PXODFML ZF]HQLHM SU]\JRWRZDQHJR NRGX SURJUDPX
6SRVyESU]HSURZDG]HQLDW\FKF]\QQRFL]RVWDQLHRSLVDQ\SRQL*HM

3U]\JRWRZDQLHWHNVWXSURJUDPX

7HNVW SURJUDPX XUXFKDPLDQHJR SURJUDPX PR*QD SU]\JRWRZDü Z GRZROQ\P

HG\WRU]HWHNVWRZ\PSR]ZDODMF\PQD]DSLVWHNVWXEH]SRUHGQLRZNRG]LH$6&,,EH]
LQIRUPDFML HG\WRUVNLFK L IRUPDWXMF\FK 1DMZ\JRGQLHMV]\P MHGQDN UR]ZL]DQLHP MHVW
VNRU]\VWDQLH ] HG\WRUD ZEXGRZDQHJR Z RSLV\ZDQ\ V\PXODWRU 2IHUXMH RQ IXQNFM
NRORURZDQLD VNáDGQL G]LNL QLHM Z WHNFLH SURJUDPX PR*HP\ UR]Uy*QLü NURMHP OXE
NRORUHPF]FLRQNLWDNLHHOHPHQW\MDNPQHPRQLNLUR]ND]yZOLF]E\HW\NLHW\NRPHQWDU]H
LWGSDWU]NRQILJXURZDQLHSURJUDPX

&KFF UR]SRF]ü SLVDQLH WHNVWX QRZHJR SURJUDPX QDOH*\ X*\ü PHQX

$VHPEOHU1RZ\ OXE NODZLV]D V]\ENLHJR Z\ERUX

3RMDZL VL ZWHG\ RNQR

XPR*OLZLDMFHZSLV\ZDQLHWHNVWXSURJUDPXU\VXQHN

5\V2NQRHG\WRUD]SU]\NáDGRZ\PSURJUDPHP

0R*QD UyZQLH* UR]SRF]ü RG JRWRZHJR SOLNX VWDUWRZHJR 6=.,(/(7$60

]DZLHUDMFHJR MX* QLH]EGQH G\UHNW\Z\ DVHPEOHUD 1DOH*\ Z W\P FHOX VNRU]\VWDü ]

RSFML >$VHPEOHU2WZyU] SOLN $60@ DOER NODZLV]D V]\ENLHJR Z\ERUX

: WHQ VDP

VSRVyE PR*QD SRZUyFLü GR HG\FML XSU]HGQLR SU]\JRWRZ\ZDQHJR SURJUDPX 0HQX

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

>$VHPEOHU@ PD WDN*H RSFM >:F]\W\ZDQH@ XPR*OLZLDMF V]\ENLH RGZRáDQLH VL GR
MHGQHJR]SLFLXZF]HQLHMHG\WRZDQ\FKSOLNyZ

3R QDSLVDQLX SURJUDPX GOD = QDOH*\ ]DSLVDü JR QD G\VNX X*\ZDMF PHQX

>$VHPEOHU=DSLV]$60MDNR@OXENODZLV]HP

3RMDZLVL VWDQGDUGRZHGODV\VWHPX

:LQGRZVRNQRGLDORJXGR]DSLVDQLDSOLNX$NWXDOL]DFM MX* LVWQLHMFHJRSOLNX$60QRZ
WUHFL Z\NRQXMHVL WDNVDPR

$VHPEODFMDSURJUDPX

3URJUDP PR*H ZVSyáSUDFRZDü ] GRZROQ\P DVHPEOHUHP JHQHUXMF\P SOLN ]

NRGHPELQDUQ\PZIRUPDFLH,QWHOKH[:\ERUXSURJUDPXDVHPEOXMFHJRGRNRQXMHVL
QDRGSRZLHGQLHM]DNáDGFHRNQDNRQILJXUDFML

'RP\OQLH SURJUDP MHVW VNRQILJXURZDQ\ GR NRU]\VWDQLD ] PHWDDVHPEOHUD

&(;(:\QLNDM ]WHJRSHZQHRJUDQLF]HQLD
ƒ QD]Z\ SOLNyZ $60 PXV] E\ü Z IRUPDFLH '26RZ\P WM PDNVLPXP

]QDNyZQD]Z\

ƒ QD]Z\NDWDORJyZQLHSRZLQQ\E\üGáX*V]HQL* ]QDNyZ

3U]\JRWRZDQ\ Z HG\WRU]H SURJUDP PR*QD VNRPSLORZDü X*\ZDMF PHQX

>$VHPEOHU.RPSLOXM@OXENODZLV]HP

8:$*$ =D ND*G\P UD]HP JG\ FKFHP\ VNRPSLORZDü HG\WRZDQ\ SURJUDP SOLN Z
HG\WRU]H PXVL E\ü ]DSLVDQ\ QD G\VNX 2SHUDFM ]DSLVX SU]HG NRPSLODFM PR*QD
]DXWRPDW\]RZDü ]D]QDF]DMF Z NRQILJXUDFML QD ]DNáDGFH Ä.RPSLODWRU´ RSFM
Ä$XWRPDW\F]QLH]DSLV]SU]HGNRPSLODFM´3U]\WDNLPXVWDZLHQLXJG\]RVWDQLHX*\WD

NRPHQGD >$VHPEOHU.RPSLOXM@ OXE NODZLV]

QDMSLHUZ SOLN Z HG\WRU]H ]RVWDQLH

]DSLVDQ\QDG\VNDSRWHP]RVWDQLHZ\NRQDQDNRPSLODFMD

3RNRPSLODFMLPR*HVL RND]Dü*HZ\VWSLá\EáG\6 RQHZ\ZLHWODQHZGROQHM

F]FLRNQDHG\WRUDJG]LHSRMDZLDVL Z\MFLHNRPSLODWRUD

U\VXQHN

Z\MFLHNRPSLODWRUD±NRPXQLNDW\Z\ZLHWODQHSU]H]SURJUDPZF]DVLHMHJRG]LDáDQLD

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

5\V:\QLNNRPSLODFMLSURJUDPX]EáGDPL

.XUVRU HG\WRUD ]RVWDQLH SU]HQLHVLRQ\ Z PLHMVFH SLHUZV]HJR EáGX 8 GRáX

U\VXQNX ZLGRF]Q\MHVWRSLVEáGXZOLQLLNROXPQDRWUHFLÄ8QGHILQHGODEHO´
F]\OL QLH]GHILQLRZDQD HW\NLHWD -DN ZLGDü Z NRG]LH (UyGáRZ\P Z LQVWUXNFML ÄMU GDOH´ Z
HW\NLHFLH ÄGDOH´ EUDNXMH MHGQHM OLWHU\ ÄM´ 3R SRSUDZLHQLX EáGX PR*HP\ SU]HMü GR
QDVWSQHJRZ\NU\WHJREáGXNOLNDMFGZXNURWQLHZGROQHMF]FLRNQDHG\WRUDQDOLQLMFH
]DZLHUDMFHMWHNVWQDVWSQHJREáGX.XUVRUHG\WRUD]RVWDQLHSU]HQLHVLRQ\ZPLHMVFH
JG]LHZ\VWSLáEáG:WHQVSRVyEPR*QDV]\ENRSRSUDZLüEáG\QLHWUDFFF]DVXQD
RGQDMG\ZDQLHPLHMVFDZNWyU\PRQHZ\VWSLá\-H*HOLSURJUDPDVHPEOXMF\QLH]JáRVL
*DGQHJREáGXQLHSRMDZL VL GRGDWNRZHLQIRUPDFMHZRNQLHHG\WRUD

3U]\ DVHPEODFML SRZVWDMH GRGDWNRZR SOLN R UR]V]HU]HQLX /67 NWyU\ ]DZLHUD

SHáQ\ UDSRUW ] SUDF\ PHWDDVHPEOHUD & ZUD] ] SU]HGUXNLHP DVHPEORZDQHJR
SURJUDPX

1D]DNáDGFH.RPSLODWRU RNQDNRQILJXUDFMLPR*OLZHMHVWUyZQLH* ZáF]HQLHRSFML

Ä3RND]XMW\ONRRVWU]H*HQLDLEáG\´NWyUDSRZRGXMHILOWURZDQLHZ\QLNyZNRPSLODFMLWDN
DE\ZPLHMVFXZ\QLNyZNRPSLODFML]QDMGRZDá\VL W\ONRLQIRUPDFMHGRW\F]FHRVWU]H*H L
EáGyZ

3U]\EH]EáGQHMDVHPEODFMLWHNVWXSURJUDPXJHQHURZDQ\MHVWSOLNZ\QLNRZ\W\SX

+(;ZIRUPDFLH,QWHOKH[

8ZDJD ZLGRF]QD Z PHQX RSFMD >3DPLü$VHPEOXM ] SOLNX@ VáX*\ GR

DVHPEORZDQLDSRMHG\QF]\FKUR]ND]yZ]DSLVDQ\FKZ ]HZQWU]Q\PSOLNX 'ODWHJR QLH
PDRQD]QDF]HQLDSUDNW\F]QHJRSU]\XUXFKDPLDQLXSURJUDPyZ

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

2EVáXJDV\PXODWRUD

3U]HGUR]SRF]FLHPV\PXODFMLQDOH*\Z\NRQDüGZLHF]\QQRFL

x ]DáDGRZDüGRSDPLFLV\PXODWRUDNRGXUXFKDPLDQHJRSURJUDPX
x ]DSHZQLü]DáDGRZDQHPXSURJUDPRZLRGSRZLHGQLREV]DUSDPLFLW\SX5$0

3LHUZV]D F]\QQRü PR*H E\ü UHDOL]RZDQD DXWRPDW\F]QLH SR SRSUDZQHM

DVHPEODFML MH*HOL QD ]DNáDGFH .RPSLODWRU RNQD NRQILJXUDFML ]D]QDF]\P\ RSFM
Ä$XWRPDW\F]QLHZF]\WDMSOLN+(;SRNRPSLODFML´0R*QDUyZQLH* Z\NRU]\VWDüPHQX

>3DPLü:F]\WDM@NRPELQDFM NODZLV]\>&WUO2@OXENODZLV]V]\ENLHJRZ\ERUX

,FK

X*\FLHSRZRGXMHXND]DQLHVL VWDQGDUGRZHJRRNQDXPR*OLZLDMFHJRZVND]DQLHSOLNXR
GRP\OQ\P UR]V]HU]HQLX +(; NWyUHJR ]DZDUWRü QDOH*\ ZF]\WDü GR SDPLFL
V\PXODWRUD 0HQX >3DPLü@ G\VSRQXMH WDN*H RSFM >:F]\W\ZDQH@ NWyUHM Z\EUDQLH
SR]ZDODVNRU]\VWDü]MHGQHJR]SLFLXZF]HQLHMáDGRZDQ\FKSOLNyZ+(;(ZHQWXDOQH
EáG\RGF]\WXZ\EUDQHJRSOLNXV ]DSLV\ZDQHZRNQLHÄ/RJ´U\VXQHN

5\V2NQRORJX]SU]\NáDGRZ\PNRPXQLNDWHPREáG]LHRGF]\WXSOLNX+(;

3RGF]DV áDGRZDQLD NRGX SURJUDPX SDPLü V\PXODWRUD XOHJD UR]V]HU]HQLX GR

UR]PLDUX Z\QLNDMFHJR ] ZLHONRFL áDGRZDQHJR NRGX -HGQDN WHVWRZDQ\ SURJUDP
SRGF]DV V\PXODFML ]Z\NOH SRWU]HEXMH W]Z SDPLFL GDQ\FK 5$0 Z NWyUHM SRZLQQ\
]QDOH(ü VL MHJR VWUXNWXU\ GDQ\FK MDN UyZQLH* VWRV SURJUDPRZ\ =DUH]HUZRZDQLH
IUDJPHQWX SDPLFL W\SX 5$0 GOD VWRVX MHVW NRQLHF]QH MH*HOL Z SURJUDPLH Z\VWSXM
Z\ZRáDQLD SURFHGXU OXE SU]HZLGXMH VL Z\NRU]\VWDQLH V\VWHPX SU]HUZD -HVW WR
ZáDQLHGUXJD]QLH]EGQ\FKF]\QQRFLSU]HGSU]\VWSLHQLHPGRZáDFLZHMV\PXODFML

5R]V]HU]HQLDOXEZVWSQHJRXVWDZLHQLDUR]PLDUXV\PXORZDQHMSDPLFLGRNRQXMH

VL SU]\ SRPRF\ PHQX >3DPLü5R]PLDU 5$0@ : SRMDZLDMF\P VL RNLHQNX
U\VXQHN QDOH*\ SRGDü Z SRVWDFL +(; PDNV\PDOQ\ DGUHV SDPLFL 5$0 NWyU\
EG]LH GRVWSQ\ GOD SURFHVRUD 3R FKZLOL SDPLü ]RVWDMH SU]\G]LHORQD L Z\]HURZDQD
5R]PLDU SDPLFL EG]LH R ZLNV]\ QL* SRGDQ\ DGUHV ']LHMH VL WDN ] SRZRGX
DGUHVRZDQLDSDPLFLRG]HUD F]\OLSLHUZV]DNRPyUNDSDPLFLPDDGUHV+GUXJD±
+WU]HFLD±+LWG:SU]\SDGNXSURFHVRUD=V]\QDDGUHVRZDQLDPDV]HURNRü
ELWyZZLFPDNV\PDOQ\DGUHVPR*HRVLJQüZDUWRü

± ))))+'R

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

SRGJOGXSDPLFLSURJUDPXLSR]RVWDá\FKREV]DUyZV\PXORZDQHMSDPLFL5$0VáX*
RSLVDQHZSNWRNQD.RGSURJUDPX L5$0;

5\V'HILQLRZDQLHPDNV\PDOQHJRUR]PLDUXV\PXORZDQHMSDPLFL

0HQX >3DPLü@ SRVLDGD WDN*H RSFM >=DSLV]@ XUXFKDPLDQ WDN*H NRPELQDFM

NODZLV]\ >&WUO6@ OXE NODZLV]HP V]\ENLHJR Z\ERUX

3RZRGXMH RQD SRMDZLHQLH VL

VWDQGDUGRZHJRRNLHQNDXPR*OLZLDMFHJR]DSLVGRZVND]DQHJRSOLNXELH*FHJRREUD]X
V\PXORZDQHMSDPLFLRSHUDF\MQHMPLNURSURFHVRUD=DSLVRGE\ZDVL ZIRUPDFLH,QWHO
KH[0HFKDQL]PWHQSR]ZDODQD]DSDPLWDQLHZSOLNXVWDQXV\PXORZDQHMSDPLFLE\
SRZUyFLüGRSUDF\QDGSURJUDPHPZSy(QLHMV]\PRNUHVLH

.LHG\ MX* PDP\ ]DáDGRZDQ\ SURJUDP L ]GHILQLRZDQ MHJR SDPLü RSHUDF\MQ

PR*HP\ SU]\VWSLü GR MHJR V\PXODFML 6\PXODWRU RIHUXMH GZD JáyZQH WU\E\ SUDF\
NURNRZ\ L FLJá\ RUD] NLOND LQQ\FK EGF\FK PRG\ILNDFMDPL JáyZQ\FK 3U]HVNRF]
:\NRQDMGR:\NRQDMGR5(7$XWRNURN3RQL*HMSU]HGVWDZLRQ\MHVWRSLVND*GHJR]
Z\*HMZ\PLHQLRQ\FKWU\EyZSUDF\

3UDFDNURNRZD

-HGHQ NURN SURFHVRUD PR*QD Z\NRQDü ]D SRPRF PHQX >3URFHVRU.URN@ ]D

SRPRF NODZLDWXU\ SU]\FLVNLHP ) OXE NODZLV]HP V]\ENLHJR Z\ERUX

:\NRQDQ\

]RVWDMHMHGHQUR]ND]ZVND]\ZDQ\SU]H]DNWXDOQ ]DZDUWRüUHMHVWUXOLF]QLNDUR]ND]yZ
3&

3UDFDFLJáD

7U\EWHQ ZáF]DVL ] PHQX >3URFHVRU5XQ =@ NODZLV]HP ) OXE NODZLV]HP

V]\ENLHJR Z\ERUX

=RVWDMH ZáF]RQH FLJáH Z\NRQ\ZDQLH SRMHG\QF]\FK NURNyZ

:\áF]HQLH WHJR WU\EX PR*H QDVWSLü QD VNXWHN MDNLHJR ]GDU]HQLD NRQLHF SDPLFL
RGF]\W]DSLV SR]D SDPLFL SXáDSND L LQQH 3RQDGWR PR*QD UF]QLH ]DWU]\PDü
Z\NRQ\ZDQLHSURJUDPXSU]\SRPRF\PHQX>3URFHVRU3DX]D@OXENODZLV]HPV]\ENLHJR

Z\ERUX

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

3U]HVNRF]

7U\EWHQ ]DFKRZXMH VL MDN WU\E NURNRZ\ MHOL UR]ND]HP GR Z\NRQDQLD QLH MHVW

&$// : SU]HFLZQ\P SU]\SDGNX ]RVWDMH Z\NRQDQD SURFHGXUD &$// Z WU\ELH SUDF\
FLJáHM 3R ]DNRF]HQLX SURFHGXU\ SURJUDP MHVW ]DWU]\P\ZDQ\ : HIHNFLH SURFHGXUD
]RVWDMH SRWUDNWRZDQD MDN MHGHQ UR]ND] Z WU\ELH NURNRZ\P 3R]ZDOD WR QD RPLMDQLH
FDá\FK SURFHGXU L V]\EV]H DQDOL]RZDQLH Z\NRQ\ZDQLD SURJUDPX 7HQ WU\E V\PXODFML

XUXFKDPLDVL ]PHQX>3URFHVRU3U]HVNRF]@NODZLV]HP) OXE

:\NRQDMGR

7U\E WHQ XUXFKDPLD VL ] PHQX >3URFHVRU:\NRQDM GR@ OXE NODZLV]HP )

: WU\ELHW\PSURJUDPSU]HFKRG]LZWU\EFLJáHMV\PXODFMLNWyUDMHVW]DWU]\P\ZDQDSR
GRMFLXZ\NRQ\ZDQLDGR]D]QDF]RQHJRZLHUV]DZRNQLHÄ.RGSURJUDPX´

:\NRQDMGR5(7

7U\E WHQ XUXFKDPLD VL ] PHQX >3URFHVRU:\NRQDM GR 5(7@ NRPELQDFM

NODZLV]\ 6KLIW) OXE SU]\FLVNLHP

:áF]DQ\ MHVW WU\E SUDF\ FLJáHM -DN QD]ZD

ZVND]XMH V\PXODFMD MHVW ]DWU]\P\ZDQD SR Z\NRQDQLX UR]ND]X 5(7 F]\OL SRZURWX ]
SURFHGXU\']LNLWHPXPR*QDRGQDOH(üPLHMVFHZ\ZRáDQLDSURFHGXU\

$XWRNURN

7U\E WHQ SRZRGXMH F\NOLF]QH Z\NRQDQLH SRMHG\QF]\FK NURNyZ ] RGVWSHP

F]DVRZ\P RNUHORQ\P Z NRQILJXUDFML U\VXQHN QD VWURQLH :áF]D VL JR
SROHFHQLHP >3URFHVRU$XWR NURN@ OXE NRPELQDFM NODZLV]\ 6KLIW) 1DWRPLDVW
Z\áF]\ü PR*QD SRQRZQLH Z\ELHUDMF >3URFHVRU$XWR NURN@ SROHFHQLHP

>3URFHVRU3DX]D@OXENODZLV]HP

3XáDSNL

'R WHVWRZHJR ]DWU]\P\ZDQLD Z\NRQ\ZDQLD SURJUDPX Z GRZROQ\P PLHMVFX

PR*QDX*\üSXáDSHN:FHOXXVWDZLHQLDSXáDSNLSRSU]HMFLX GR Z\EUDQHJRZLHUV]D
QDOH*\ Z RNQLH .RG SURJUDPX Z\EUDü ] PHQX >3XáDSNL3U]HáF] SXáDSN@ OXE
QDFLVQü NODZLV] ) 8VWDZLRQD SXáDSND MHVW V\JQDOL]RZDQD ]PLHQLRQ\P ]LHORQ\P
WáHP ZLHUV]D =HVWDZLHQLH ZV]\VWNLFK SXáDSHN PR*QD ]REDF]\ü Z RNQLH SXáDSHN
U\VXQHN 2NQR WR PR*QD SU]\ZRáDü ] PHQX >3XáDSNL/LVWD SXáDSHN@ OXE
>2NQD/LVWDSXáDSHN@

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

5\V2NQROLVW\SXáDSHN

.OLNDMF GZXNURWQLH Z REV]DU]H NROXPQ\ Ä6WDQ´ PR*QD W\PF]DVRZR Z\áF]\ü

SXáDSN:WDNLPSU]\SDGNXVWDQ WHM SXáDSNL ]PLHQLD VL QD Ä1LH DNW\ZQD´ =QLND WH*
Z\Uy*QLHQLH Z RNQLH Ä.RG SURJUDPX´ 'ZXNURWQH NOLNQLFLH SR]D NROXPQ Ä6WDQ´
SRZRGXMHSU]HMFLHNXUVRUDZRNQLH.RGSURJUDPX GRZLHUV]D]DGUHVHPSXáDSNL:
WHQ VSRVyE PR*QD V]\ENR SU]HJOGDü Z MDNLFK PLHMVFDFK ]QDMGXM VL SRV]F]HJyOQH
SXáDSNL

3U]HUZDQLD

0LNURSURFHVRU = SRVLDGD PR*OLZRü SU]\MPRZDQLD GZyFK SU]HUZD

]HZQWU]Q\FK QLHPDVNRZDOQHJR 10, L PDVNRZDOQHJR ,17 3U]HUZDQLH SRZRGXMH
]DWU]\PDQLH Z\NRQ\ZDQLD SURJUDPX L Z\NRQDQLH VSHFMDOQHJR NRGX NWyU\ ]ZDQ\ MHVW
SURFHGXU OXESRGSURJUDPHPREVáXJLSU]HUZDQLD3RZ\NRQDQLXWHMSURFHGXU\SURFHVRU
SRZUDFD GR Z\NRQ\ZDQLD SU]HUZDQHJR SURJUDPX 3U]\MFLH SU]HUZDQLD SRZRGXMH
DXWRPDW\F]QH ]DSDPLWDQLH QD VWRVLH ]DZDUWRFL OLF]QLND UR]ND]yZ FR XPR*OLZLD
SRSUDZQ\ SRZUyW GR SURJUDPX Z\NRQ\ZDQHJR SU]HG SU]HUZDQLHP 1LH MHVW
]DSDPLW\ZDQD ]DZDUWRü *DGQ\FK LQQ\FK UHMHVWUyZ 3RGSURJUDP REVáXJL SU]HUZDQLD
PXVL]DGEDüRWRVDP3RSU]\MFLXSU]HUZDQLDQLHPDVNRZDOQHJR10,QDVWSXMHVNRN
GRSURFHGXU\REVáXJLSU]HUZDQLDSRGDGUHVHP+

: SU]\SDGNX SU]HUZDQLD PDVNRZDOQHJR ,17 SURFHVRU G\VSRQXMH WU]HPD

WU\EDPLMHJRREVáXJLSU]HáF]DQ\PLSURJUDPRZR

:WU\ELHSURFHVRUSU]\MPXMFSU]HUZDQLHWUDNWXMH]DZDUWRüV]\Q\GDQ\FKMDNR

NRG UR]ND]X GR Z\NRQDQLD 7 GDQ SRZLQQR GRVWDUF]\ü XU]G]HQLH ]HZQWU]QH
1DMF]FLHMVWRVXMHVL SU]HVáDQLHNRGXUR]ND]XUHVWDUWX567NWyU\MHVWMHGQREDMWRZ\P
UR]ND]HPZ\ZRáDQLDSRGSURJUDPXPLHV]F]FHJRVL SRGMHGQ\P]DGUHVyZ++
++++++

:WU\ELH]RVWDMHZ\ZRáDQ\SRGSURJUDPPLHV]F]F\VL SRGDGUHVHPK
: WU\ELH SURFHVRU RF]HNXMH RG XU]G]HQLD ]HZQWU]QHJR Z\VWDZLHQLD QD

PDJLVWUDO GDQ\FK EDMWX WUDNWRZDQHJR MDNR PQLHM ]QDF]FD SRáRZD DGUHVX -DNR
EDUG]LHM ]QDF]F\ EDMW DGUHVX SURFHVRU SRELHUD XVWDZLRQ SURJUDPRZR ]DZDUWRü

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

UHMHVWUX , D QDVWSQLH GRNRQXMH RGF]\WX GZXEDMWRZHJR VáRZD PLHV]F]FHJR VL Z
SDPLFL SRG ZVND]DQ\P DGUHVHP 7H GZD RGF]\WDQH EDMW\ WUDNWXMH MDNR DGUHV
SRGSURJUDPX REVáXJL SU]HUZDQLD 1DMPQLHM ]QDF]F\ ELW EDMWX SU]HND]\ZDQHJR SU]H]
XU]G]HQLH ]HZQWU]QH MHVW LJQRURZDQ\ L ]DZV]H WUDNWRZDQ\ MDNR 3U]HUZDQLD Z
V\PXODWRU]HPR*QDJHQHURZDü]DSRPRF SROHFH>3URFHVRU10,@L>3URFHVRU,17@

NODZLV]DPL RGSRZLHGQLR ) ) OXE NODZLV]DPL V]\ENLHJR Z\ERUX

L

-HOL

DNWXDOQ\ WU\E OXE Z\PDJD SU]\MFLD GRGDWNRZ\FK GDQ\FK ]ZL]DQ\FK ]
SU]HUZDQLHP WR ]RVWDQLH Z\ZLHWORQH RNQR U\VXQHN Z NWyU\P QDOH*\ SRGDü WH
GDQH

5\V2NQRSU]\MFLDZHNWRUDSU]HUZDQLD,17

0HQX3URMHNW

']LNL WHPX PHQXPR*QD ]DSLVDü OXE ZF]\WDü ] G\VNX VWDQ SUDF\ V\PXODWRUD

'RNáDGQLHMFKRG]LWXRRWZDUWHSOLNLRUD]SRáR*HQLHLUR]PLDURNLHQQDHNUDQLH3URMHNW
PR*QD ]DSLVDü X*\ZDMF PHQX >3URMHNW=DSLV] MDNR@ =RVWDQLH VWZRU]RQ\ SOLN Z
IRUPDFLH ,1, L UR]V]HU]HQLX 352 %G Z QLP ]DSLVDQH LQIRUPDFMH R UR]PLDU]H
SDPLFL RWZDUW\FK SOLNDFK RUD] SRáR*HQLX RNLHQ L LFK VWDQLH :F]\WXMF SURMHNW SU]H]

PHQX>3URMHNW2WZyU]SURMHNW@OXESU]\FLVNLHPV]\ENLHJRZ\ERUX

]PLHQLDQ\MHVW

UR]PLDUSDPLFLRWZLHUDQHV RGSRZLHGQLHSOLNLRUD]XVWDZLDQHV RNQDZ]DSLVDQ\FK
ZF]HQLHMSR]\FMDFK']LNLWHPXPR*QDV]\ENRSU]\ZUyFLüXVWDZLHQLDLZ\JOGRNLHQ
GRSRSU]HGQLHJRVWDQX

0HQX >3URMHNW@ SRVLDGD UyZQLH* RSFM >:F]\W\ZDQH@ NWyUD XPR*OLZLD V]\ENLH

RGZRáDQLHVL GRMHGQHJR]SLFLXRVWDWQLRX*\ZDQ\FKSURMHNWyZV\PXODFML

2SFMD>3URMHNW1RZ\@

SR]ZDOD]DLQLFMRZDüSUDF QDGQRZ\PSURMHNWHP

background image

2SLVV\PXODWRUDSURJUDPRZHJR=

%LEOLRJUDILD

>@ 6\PXODWRUSURJUDPRZ\PLNURSURFHVRUD=-5\G]HZVNLSUDFDPDJLVWHUVND

>@ Ä2SLVPHWDDVHPEOHUD&´RSUGULQ*/HFK*URG]NL%LDá\VWRN

KWWSYHODSEELDO\VWRNSOaNDLHNDLHPG/DEPHWDDVHPEOHUSGI

>@ Ä+RPH3DJHRI0DUDW)D\]XOOLQ´0DUDW)D\]XOOLQKWWSIPVNRPNRQRUJ


Document Outline


Wyszukiwarka

Podobne podstrony:
opis symulacji 3, Nieruchomości, Nieruchomości - pośrednik
opis symulacji 5, Nieruchomości, Nieruchomości - pośrednik
opis symulacji 2, wycena nieruchomośći, NIERUCHOMOŚCi pośrednik
opis symulacji 4, Nieruchomości, Nieruchomości - pośrednik
opis symulacji 3, Nieruchomości, Nieruchomości - pośrednik
z80 opis
Z80 opis i rozkazy
Pakiet symulacyjny Vensim opis
Analiza pracy Opis stanowiska pracy
opis techniczny
Opis taksacyjny
SYMULACJA
OPIS JAKO ĆWICZENIE W MÓWIENIU I PISANIU W ppt
2 Opis RMDid 21151 ppt
mgr cw 2 symulacja zmian stanu zasobów 2010
prognozowanie i symulacje wyklad (25 str)
Bliższy opis obiektów Hauneb
Nabici w kapsułę – bezsens treningów polskich pilotów na rosyjskich symulatorach

więcej podobnych podstron