Archiwum cotygodniowego kursu języka angielskiego dla

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Lekcja 45

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GRAMMAR

CONDITIONALS (1) AND TIME CLAUSES

Zero Conditional

If + present simple + present simple

Positive and negative
If you eat carrots, you have good eyes.
If you don't smoke, you are more healthy.

Questions
If you eat carrots, do you have better eyes?
If you don't smoke, are you more healthy?

We use this form to talk about facts, rules, habits and things which are always true:

If you put your finger in a fire, you burn it.

(fact)

If Hermann is hungry, he eats a sandwich

(habit)

If you steal from a shop, you go to prison.

(rule/law)

If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils.

(always true)

First Conditional

If + present simple + will + bare infinitive

Positive and negative
If I have some money, I will give some to you.
If you don't work hard, you will not pass your exams.

Questions
If you go to Spain, will you buy me a present?
If we don't save enough money, what will happen to us?

We use first conditionals to express promises, offers, threats and warnings:

If I go to Spain, I will buy you a present.

(promise)

If your homework is difficult, I will help you

(offer)

If you don't pay me, I will hit you.

(threat)

If you touch that fire, you will burn yourself

(warning)

UWAGA The conditional clause can be at the beginning of a sentence or at the end. We use a comma if
it is at the beginning:

If you don't help me, I will call the police
I will call the police if you don't help me.

Time Clauses

When, while, after, before, as soon as, until + present tense

I will call you when I arrive.
Don't go anywhere until I come.
After we finish, we will go home.
Call me as soon as you get any news.
I will read this magazine while I wait/I am waiting.
Before I start, has anyone got any questions?

UWAGA When we are talking about the future, we do not use will with these time words:

WRONG:

I will call you when I will arrive.

WRONG:

Call me as soon as you will get any news.

But we can use these words to talk about the past:

Before I started, people asked me some questions.
After I finished, I went home.


Practice 1
Match the two halves of the sentences

0) Wait here while ...
0) If I win a lot of money ...
0) As soon as I arrive in London ...
0) If I am bored ...
0) I will not be happy ...
0) I will put on some warm clothes before ...
0) If you drink alcohol ...
0) You get fat ...

) ... you shouldn't drive
) ... I will buy you a car.
) ... I eat chocolate.
) ... I go into the supermarket.
) .. if you break a window.
) ... I go to climb the mountain.
) ... if you eat too much.
) ... I will telephone you.

Practice 2
Finish these sentences with your own ideas:

0) If you go out without an umbrella ....
0) Tell me how much it costs before ...
0) If I find a handsome man ....
0) If you drink too much alcohol ....
0) ... I will help you.
0) ... you go to prison.
0) After ... I will help you.
0) Send me an e-mail as soon as .....

0) Press the red button when ...
0) ... it will rain

VOCABULARY

USEFUL LANGUAGE: MAKING FRIENDS

Hi // Hey* // Hello // How's it going? // What's up?*

[*= American English]

Where are you from? // What's your name? // My name's ... // How old are you?

Have you got any brothers or sisters? // Do you smoke? // Have you got any pets?

What (job) do you do? // Do you like it? // Why/why not? // What are your hobbies?

I'm a ....(student/businessman) // I like ... (playing golf/playing chess/going out)

Do you want to go out somewhere tonight? // What are you doing at the weekend?

Yes, I'd love to (go out) // Let's meet at ... (the pub/the cinema) at ... (8 o'clock)


Practice 1
Use the above phrases and your own ideas to complete this dialogue:

Adam: Hi!
John: How's it going?
Adam: What's your name?
John:
Adam:
John:
Adam:
John:
Adam:

Vocabulary from the unit:
threat - groźba
comma - przecinek



LESSON 13 – answer key

GRAMMAR
Practice 1
1) Wait here while d
2) If I win a lot of money b
3) As soon as I arrive in London h
4) If I am bored c
5) I will not be happy e
6) I will put on some warm clothes before f
7) If you drink alcohol a
8) You get fat g

Practice 2
Suggested answers:
1) If you go out without an umbrella you (will) get wet.
2) Tell me how much it costs before I buy it.
3) If I find a handsome man I will marry him.
4) If you drink too much alcohol you (will) get drunk.
5) If you have a problem I will help you.
6) If you steal, you go to prison.
7) After you pay me, I will help you.
8) Send me an e-mail as soon as you arrive.
9) Press the red button when I tell you.
10) If the clouds are black it will rain


VOCABULARY
Practice 1
Sugesstions:
Adam: Hi!
John: How's it going?
Adam: What's your name?
John: My name’s John.
Adam: Where are you from?
John: London.
Adam: Do you want to go out somewhere tonight?
John: No, thank you.
Adam: Ok. Bye.