Linux Primer: What is Linux?


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2. What is Linux?
Linux is a computer operating system, like Unix, Windows 95/NT, MacOS, and
OS/2. It was originally developed for Intel x86 processors, but now runs on
Motorola 68k, Digital Alpha, Sun Sparc, MIPS, Motorola PowerPC and a number of
other machines. Linux is source compatible with Unix (this means that programs
which are written for Unix can be recompiled with no changes to run under Linux)
and runs nearly all of the same software as commercial Unix versions, but it is
not descended from the non-free Unix sources.

It supports a wide range of software, including graphical user interfaces,
text editors, word processors, databases, web servers, and an extensive
collection of networking software (including PPP and ISDN). Many people have run
benchmarks on Pentium Linux systems and found them comparable with mid-range
workstations from Sun and Digital.

Linux (often pronounced with a short "i" and with the first syllable stressed
-- LIH-nucks) is available over the Internet from hundreds of ftp sites, and
from various vendors on CD-ROM.

The Linux kernel is covered by the GNU General Public License (GPL), and is
usually bundled with various programs that comprise a working UNIX operating
system. These software bundles are called "distributions" and come in many sizes
and arrangements.

Linux is being used today by millions of people around the world. It is used
for software development, networking (intra-office and Internet), and as an
end-user platform. Linux has become a cost-effective alternative to expensive
UNIX and Windows NT systems.

(Adapted from http://www.linuxresources.com/what.html).




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