STAGE 10
955 LESSON 144
SHADE SHADOW OVERHEAD PROJECTOR
cień, odcień, osłonić cień nad głową projektor
BEAM SCREEN OLD - FASHIONED
wiązka światła ekran staroświecki
WHAT'S THE OPPOSITE OF "TO SIT IN THE SUN"? The opposite of "to sit in
the sun" is "to sit in the shade"
WHAT SHADE OF BLUE DO YOU PREFER-A LIGHT SHADE OR A DARK
SHADE ? I prefer a... shade of blue
WHAT AM I PRETENDING TO DO?/ You're pretending to shade your
eyes from the sun
By the word "shadow", we generally mean a dark shape thrown onto a surface by an
object standing in front of a light For example, if we put the light on in this room
and held our hand over the table, we would be able to see the shadow of our hand
upon the table.
WHAT DO WE GENERALLY MEAN BY THE WORD "SHADOW"? By the
word "shadow" we generally mean a dark shape thrown onto a
surface by an object standing in front of a light
GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE, PLEASE !/ When the sun rises in the morning, the
houses etc. throw long shadows on the ground, whilst at
midday, with the sun overhead, the shadows are short
956 AT THE CINEMA, WHEN SOMEONE PASSES IN FRONT OF THE
PROJECTOR AND SO CUTS THE BEAM OF LIGHT, WHAT DO WE SEE
APPEAR ON THE SCREEN ? At the cinema, when ... we see the shadow of the
person's head appear on the screen
PDF processed with CutePDF evaluation edition www.CutePDF.com
DO YOU LIKE OLD-FASHIONED HOUSES WHERE THE CEILINGS ARE
SUPPORTED BY BIG WOODEN BEAMS ?/ Yes, I like old-fashioned ...
or... No, I don't like ...
WOULD YOU LIKE TO LIVE IN SUCH A HOUSE ? Yes, I'd like to ... or...
No, I wouldn't...
CHEER dodawać CHEERS CHEER UP! WINNER CONCERT
otuchy, skandować okrzyki głowa do góry zwycięzca koncert
HIP! HIP! HURRAY! (OR, HURRAH!) hip, hip, hura
SUPPOSING I WERE THE SPORTS MASTER AT A SCHOOL AND AFTER A
GAME I SAID "THREE CHEERS FOR THE WINNERS", WHAT WOULD I
THEN SHOUT, AND WHAT WOULD THE PLAYERS SHOUT IN REPLY ?/
Supposing you were the ... you would shout "Hip! Hip!"
and the players would shout "Hurray", both you
and the players repeating this three times
957 WHAT DO PEOPLE DO AT A CONCERT WHEN THE PERFORMANCE HAS
BEEN VERY GOOD? People cheer at a concert when the performance ...
WHAT DOES IT MEAN : "CHEER UP! THINGS ARE NOT AS BAD AS
THEY SEEM" ? "Cheer up! Things are not as bad as they seem" means that someone
is telling us not to be so miserable, as the situation that is making us unhappy is not as
serious as it appears to be
DIRECT TELEPHONING CONTACT (v) TELEPHONE EXCHANGE
bezpośredni telefonując kontaktować się centrala telefoniczna
ENGLISH CHANNEL CHANNEL DOVER CALAIS CURVE
Kanał La Manche kanał Dover Calais zakrzywienie
COURSE OFF COURSE CURRENT MAINLAND
kurs z kursu prÄ…d kontynent
TAKE THE NAME DIRECTLY STRAITS
bierze nazwę bezpośrednio cieśnina
958 WHEN TELEPHONING FROM YOUR HOME TOWN, ARE YOU ABLE TO
CONTACT PEOPLE IN OTHER COUNTRIES DIRECTLY-OR DO YOU HAVE
TO GO THROUGH THE LOCAL TELEPHONE EXCHANGE ?/
When telephoning from ... I can be put... or
... When telephoning ... I have to go ...
DIRECT ME TO THE NEAREST POST OFFICE FROM HERE, PLEASE !
You go out of the building, turn ...
WHEN SWIMMERS SWIM THE ENGLISH CHANNEL, DO THEY SWIM IN A
DIRECT LINE FROM DOVER TO CALAIS ? No, when swimmers ... they don't
swim in ... but they swim in a curve
WHY IS THIS? Because if they tried to go in a direct line, they'd be carried
off course by the strong current and land not at Calais
but somewhere further along the coast
Some people wonder what right the English have to call the channel between England
and France the English Channel. Usually the water between the mainland and an
island takes the name of the island or the name of a town on the island. For
example, the sea of Japan, the Straits of Gibraltar or the Straits of Messina.
WHAT DO YOU DO DIRECTLY THE LESSON IS OVER ?/ I... directly
the lesson is over ...
959 DO YOU THINK YOU'D BE ANY GOOD AT DIRECTING A LARGE
BUSINESS ? Yes, I think I'd be good at... or... No, I don't think I'd be any good at..
FELLOW ASSOCIATE COMRADE FELLOW-WORKER
facet, kolega, członek partner towarzysz współpracownik
SCHOOL - FELLOW kolega szkolny SOCIETY stowarzyszenie
A fellow is a male person. We sometimes use the word for a man whose name we don't
know, e.g. "Who was that fellow I saw you with yesterday ?" Another meaning of
the word fellow is "associate" or "comrade", e.g. fellow-worker, school-fellow, etc. A
third meaning of the word fellow is a member of a learned society, e.g. a Fellow of
the Royal Society, or a Fellow of St John's College, Cambridge.
WHAT ARE THE THREE MEANINGS OF THE WORD "FELLOW" ? - AND
GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE OF EACH. The three meanings of... are:
1) A man whose name we don't know, e.g. Who was that fellow ... ?
2) An associate or comrade, e.g. fellow-worker ... 3) A member
of a learned society, e.g. Fellow of the Royal Society ...
WILL - WOULD TO BE IN THE HABIT OF/
mieć zwyczaj
960 The words "will" and "would" can be used with the meaning of "to be in the habit or*.
For example, "He will sit in his chair by the fire for hours and hours smoking his
pipe and not saying a word", or, "In the old days he would sit in his chair by the fire
GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE OF "WILL" AND "WOULD" USED WITH THE MEAN-
ING OF "TO BE IN THE HABIT OF". "The birds will come here every day to be
fed" or "The birds would come here every day to be fed"
CAMERA aparat fotograficzny TAKE A PHOTOGRAPH zrobić zdjęcie
WHAT DO WE DO WITH CAMERAS?/ We take photos with cameras
JUICE sok
WHICH'S YOUR FAVOURITE FRUIT JUICE ? My favourite ...
NEST gniazdo TAKE ADVANTAGE OF skorzystać z
WHAT DO WE CALL THE HOME A BIRD BUILDS FOR ITSELF? We call
the home... a nest
WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE SAY SOMEONE HAS FEATHERED HIS
NEST ? When we say someone has ... we mean, usually in an unpleasant way, that
someone has taken advantage of a certain situation, and all he has thought about is
making money out of the situation: he has put the money into the bank in order
to live a comfortable life, rather like a bird that feathers its
nest in order to make it comfortable
961 NOON południe
WHAT'S ANOTHER WORD FOR MIDDAY ? Another word ... is noon
RARE rzadki
NAME ME A RARE METAL. Gold is a rare metal
DICTATION 83 UNDONE odwiązany, otworzony, nieskończony
The boy whistled to himself/ as he cycled down the empty street./ The evil deed has been
done/ and cannot be undone,/ so we must accept the fact/ and stop crying about it./ Every
now and again/ we have to grease our cars/ if we want them to run properly./ The girl sat
cutting the pink cloth up/ into small pieces./ In the discussion that followed,/ Arthur lost
his temper/ and began to quarrel violently.
LESSON 145
JOKE żart
DO YOU LIKE PEOPLE WHO ARE ALWAYS LAUGHING AND JOKING ?
Yes, I like people who ... or... No, I don't ...
CAN YOU TELL US A JOKE ? Yes, I can tell you a joke - "A man ..."
... or... No, I can't...
962 HIRE wynająć
The word "hire" is similar in meaning to the words "rent" and "let", but sometimes
it is used differently. For example, although we hire or rent a car, we don't hire a
house - we rent it. On the other hand we don't rent a servant to help us for a day -
we hire him./
WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN "HIRE" AND "RENT" ? The difference ...
is that we hire or rent a car but not a house
... we don't rent a servant... but hire him
LONELY LONELINESS SADNESS SADLY DEFINITION
samotny/-ie samotność smutek smutny definicja
HUGE ogromny, wielki EMPEROR cesarz, imperator
The word "alone" means "without company, by oneself, by itself etc For example,
"I live alone" or "The house stood alone". The word "lonely", on the other hand,
expresses a feeling of sadness which can be caused by being alone. For example,
"He sat down sadly by the river looking the perfect picture of loneliness."/
WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN "ALONE" AND "LONELY" ?
The difference ... is that "alone" means "without company"
... whilst "lonely" expresses a feeling of sadness ...
963 Despite these two definitions, it doesn't follow that one feels lonely because one is
alone, neither does it mean that one can't feel lonely in company - one is a physical
condition, whilst the other is a spiritual condition. For example, one can say "I live
all alone, but I never feel lonely" or "I suddenly felt terribly lonely standing there in
the middle of that huge crowd."/
DOES IT NATURALLY FOLLOW THAT ONE IS LONELY WHEN ONE IS
ALONE, OR THAT ONE CAN'T BE LONELY IN COMPANY ?
No, it doesn't naturally ...
GIVE ME SOME EXAMPLES, PLEASE ! He sat alone, but seemed quite happy.
An emperor in the old days must have felt very
lonely surrounded by people he could not trust.
BY - AND ITS MANY USES (cont)
BY THE HAND BY BIRTH BY HEART POETRY MEASUREMENT
za rękę z urodzenia na pamięć poezja wymiary
NATIONALITY narodowość
The following sentences are examples of some more uses of the word "by":-
964 1) They were walking slowly by the river - meaning "near".
2) We shall have finished the job by this time tomorrow - meaning "before or at".
3) The workmen get paid by the hour. The room was 14 feet by 20 - "by" being
used here with measurements.
4) He is Chinese by birth. He can learn poetry by heart very quickly. She led the
child by the hand.
WHO'S SITTING BY ME ? ... is sitting by you
WILL THE LESSON BE OVER BY 6 O'CLOCK?/ Yes, the lesson'll be over by ...
WHAT KIND OF PEOPLE GET PAID BY THE HOUR? The kind of people who
get... are private teachers, factory-workers...
WHAT ARE THE MEASUREMENTS OF THIS ROOM ?
The measurements of this room are ... by...
WHAT NATIONALITY ARE YOU BY BIRTH ? I'm ... by birth
MAKE THE BEST OF OR MAKE THE MOST OF AH, WELL
zrobić najlepszy użytek wykorzystać no, tak
"Make the best or* and "make the most or1 are similar in meaning, and we use them
when things are not exactly as we would like them to be. For example, if we return
home late at night feeling very hungry and we find there's not much food in the
house, we might say "Ah, well, we'll just have to make the best of what there is". In
other words, we'll have to be content with what there is, and do the best we can with
it.
965 WHEN DO WE USE THE EXPRESSIONS "MAKE THE BEST OF" OR "MAKE
THE MOST OF" ?/ We use the... when things are not exactly
as we would like them to be
GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE, PLEASE! If we hadn't very much money, we might say
"Ah, well, we'll just have to make the most of what we've got"
WHICH MEANS? To be content ...
REPORT świadectwo REPORTER HEADMISTRESS MISBEHAVIOUR
wezwać, raport reporter dyrektorka szkoły złe zachowanie
HAPPENING wydarzenie
IF YOUR SCHOOL REPORT IS (OR WAS) GOOD (OR BAD) WHAT DO (OR
DID) YOUR PARENTS SAY ? If my school report ... my parents...
HAVE YOU EVER BEEN (OR WERE YOU EVER) REPORTED TO THE HEAD-
MASTER (OR HEADMISTRESS) OF YOUR SCHOOL FOR MISBEHAVIOUR ?/
Yes, I've sometimes been ... or... No, I've never...
966 WHAT'S A NEWSPAPER REPORTER'S JOB? A newspaper reporter's job is to
report the news, events and happenings of the day
SET JET SMART WELL-DRESSED
zestaw, komplet odrzutowiec elegancki dobrze ubrany
The word "set" as a noun can mean a group of people or things. For example, the "jet
set" is a set of very rich people who do a lot of travelling by jet aeroplane, or the
"smart set" is a group of people who are rich and well-dressed. For things, we can
have a set of tea-cups, that is cups all of the same kind, or a set of stamps, or knives,
or false teeth, etc./
WHAT DOES THE WORD "SET" MEAN AS A NOUN ? The word "set" as a
noun means a group of people or things
GIVE ME SOME EXAMPLES, PLEASE! ... young set... set of handkerchiefs ...
TRACK RUNNING-TRACK PRINT RAILWAY-TRACK RUN
ślad bieżnia odcisk szyny kolejowe biegać
HOW IS A TRACK MADE? A track is made by people or animals constantly
walking over the same piece of ground
WHAT'S A RUNNING-TRACK? A running-track is a track we find in a sports
field, used for foot races...
967 WHAT ARE RAILWAY-TRACKS ?/ Railway-tracks are the lines on which
trains run...
HOW CAN WE TELL THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TRACKS OF A
HORSE AND THOSE OF A COW ? We can tell the difference ... by the prints.
The prints left by a horse are round like a horseshoe,
whilst those of a cow are split down the middle ...
HOW DO THE POLICE TRACK A MURDERER? The police track a murderer
mainly by asking people questions ...
ALIKE podobni LIKE EACH OTHER podobni
WHAT CAN WE SAY INSTEAD OF "THEY ARE LIKE EACH OTHER" ?/
We can say "They are alike" instead of "They are like each other"
WHAT CAN WE SAY INSTEAD OF "THIS BOOK'S LIKE THAT BOOK" ?
We can say "These two books are alike" instead of "This book's like that book"
PACKAGE PACKET STRING
pakunek, paczka paczka sznurek
A package and a parcel are more or less the same thing, though a parcel we think of
more as being tied with string. A packet, on the other hand, we generally think of
as being a small package, or a container for something we buy, like cigarettes.
968 WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A PACKAGE, A PARCEL AND A
PACKET ?/ The difference ... is that...
CAMP obóz TENT namiot
WHAT DO WE CALL A GROUP OF ARMY TENTS IN A FIELD? We call a
group of... a camp
RAKE 2500 grabie
DESCRIBE A RAKE. A rake's rather like a fork, or the spread fingers of a human
hand, on the end of a stick. We use it, for example, in the
garden for collecting dead leaves together
SADDLE siodło
WHAT'S A SADDLE? A saddle is a thing, usually made of leather, used as
a seat on a horse or on a bicycle
MESSAGE VIA ORAL MESSENGER
wiadomość przez ustny posłaniec
HOW DO WE SEND A MESSAGE ? We send a message either in written form
or orally, via a messenger; or even via a pigeon
969 DICTATION 84
It was thus decided/ that the best plan/ would be to find/ some kind of natural harbour/
along the coast,/ protected perhaps by some high cliffs,/ and leave the boat there./ It was
clear/ that both nephew and niece/ worshipped their uncle./ War was declared/ and all
foreigners were seized/ by the police/ and thrown into prison./ The student's lodgings
were very poor./ His room was furnished/ with just a bed,/ table, chair/ and a shelf for his
books./ The student himself was so poor/ that he scarcely had the money/ to buy stamps/
for any letters/ he might need to write.
LESSON 146
BEAT - BEAT - BEATEN bić, pobić
WHAT AM I DOING ? You're beating your pen on the edge of the table
DOES YOUR TOWN USUALLY GET BEATEN AT FOOTBALL?
Yes, my town ... or... No, my town ...
CHIEF CHIEFLY TRIBE
wódz, główny głównie, przede wszystkim plemię
WHAT DO YOU FIND TO BE THE CHIEF DIFFICULTY FOR YOU IN
LEARNING ENGLISH ?/ I find the chief... to be ...
CAN YOU THINK OF THE NAMES OF ANY CHIEFS OF RED INDIAN
TRIBES ? Yes, I can think of... Geronimo, Sitting Bull...
970 HOW DO YOU CHIEFLY SPEND YOUR FREE TIME ? I chiefly spend my free
time ... reading, watching TV ...
DISAPPOINT rozczarować DISAPPOINTMENT rozczarowanie
ARE YOU EASILY DISAPPOINTED? Yes, I'm easily disappointed... or... No, I'm not...
WHAT'S THE BIGGEST DISAPPOINTMENT YOU'VE EVER SUFFERED IN
YOUR LIFE?/ The biggest disappointment ...was when...
FINE SUPERIOR REFINE(D)
rafinowany, pierwszorzędny, wyższy, oczyszczać, rafinować
SKILL SKILLED APPROVAL ADMIRATION
zręczność, wprawa wykwalifikowany aprobata podziw
The word "fine" means 1) superior or highly refined, e.g. fine gold, 2) delicate, small
or thin, e.g. fine thread, 3) highly skilled e.g. a fine judge of horses, and 4) used
when showing general approval or admiration, e.g. a fine piece of work; a fine
woman; a fine day.
GIVE ME ONE OF THE FOUR MEANINGS AND AN EXAMPLE OF THE
WORD "FINE". Superior or highly refined, e.g. fine gold
971 HOLLOW pusty, SOLID stały SUNKEN FALL TO PIECES
zapadnięty masywny zatopiony rozpaść się na kawałki
SORT rodzaj, gatunek
The word "hollow" means 1) not solid, and 2) sunken
WHAT DOES THE WORD "HOLLOW" MEAN ? The word "hollow" means ...
WHAT SORT OF SOUND DO WE GET WHEN WE HIT SOMETHING
HOLLOW ? We get a sort of hollow sound when we hit something hollow
HOW DO PEOPLE GET HOLLOW CHEEKS ? People get hollow cheeks through
working too much, not sleeping enough, not eating enough, illness, etc.
AT WHAT TEMPERATURE DOES WATER CHANGE FROM A LIQUID
STATE TO A SOLID STATE?/ Water changes from ... at a temperature of nought
degrees centigrade or 32 degrees Fahrenheit
WHEN SOMETHING IS NOT SOLIDLY BUILT, WHAT IS IT IN DANGER OF
DOING ? When something is not... it's in danger of
falling down or falling to pieces ...
WOULD YOU LIKE THE JOB OF SORTING LETTERS AT THE POST OFFICE?
Yes, I'd like ... or ... No, I wouldn't...
972 WHY OR WHY NOT ?
THE LOT THEY = HE OR SHE THEM = HIM OR HER/
wszystko oni im
IF YOU WERE MAKING A BARGAIN WITH SOMEONE AND THEY SAID
"LOOK! HOW MUCH DO YOU WANT FOR THE LOT?", WHAT WOULD
THEY MEAN? If I were making ... they would mean that
they were willing to buy all I had ...
We sometimes use the word "they" when we should really use the words "he" or
"she". We do this when we are not talking about any man or woman in particular
but about people in general, as in the last question, which should really have been
"If you were making a bargain with someone and he or she said ... etc.", because the
word "someone" is singular and so we shouldn't use the word "they" with it; the
word "they" being plural. However, we use the word "they" because, although
being grammatically incorrect, it is shorter and easier than saying "he or she" when
we don't know if it's a "he" or a "she" we're talking about.
973 WHY DO WE SOMETIMES USE THE WORD "THEY", AS IN THE LAST
QUESTION, WHEN TO BE GRAMMATICALLY CORRECT WE OUGHT
REALLY TO USE THE WORDS "HE" OR "SHE" ?/ We sometimes use the ...
because it's shorter and easier than saying "he" or "she", especially when ...
LOUD SOFT TURN UP
głośny miękki, delikatny zjawić się
ARE YOU THE KIND OF PERSON WHO DOESN'T MIND IF THE RADIO
OR THE TELEVISION ETC. IS TURNED UP AS LOUD AS POSSIBLE, OR
DO YOU PREFER ALL THE SOUNDS AROUND YOU TO BE SOFT?
Yes, I'm the kind of... or... No, I'm not the ... but I prefer all ...
REPRESENT SYMBOLIZE GENERAL CEREMONY
reprezentować symbolizować ogólny, powszechny ceremonia
The verb "to represent" means 1) to symbolize, e.g. The cross on the piece of paper
represents the village church, whilst the circle represents the house where I live, 2)
to show, e.g. The picture represents Napoleon dressed in his general's uniform, and
3) to act in place of, e.g. The Queen was represented at the ceremony by her cousin./
WHAT'S ONE OF THE MEANINGS OF THE WORD "REPRESENT" ? - AND
GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE. One of the... is "to symbolize". For example, "Good
heavens! What's that drawing supposed to represent ?"
974 ASHAMED SHAME SHAMEFUL INTERNATIONAL
zawstydzony wstyd skandaliczny, haniebny międzynarodowy
ON AN INTERNATIONAL SCALE na międzynarodową skalę
HOW DO PEOPLE BEHAVE WHEN THEY FEEL ASHAMED OF WHAT
THEY'VE DONE ? When people feel ashamed of... they drop their eyes... become
red in the face... say they're terribly sorry... etc.
WHAT DO YOU CONSIDER TO BE THE MOST SHAMEFUL ACT COMMITTED
IN RECENT YEARS, EITHER IN YOUR OWN PERSONAL EXPERIENCE OR ON
AN INTERNATIONAL SCALE ?/ I consider the most shameful act committed... to be...
CAP czapka, beret
WHAT DO WE CALL THE SMALL ROUND HAT THAT SOME BOYS,
ESPECIALLY ENGLISH SCHOOLBOYS, WEAR? We call the small... a cap
975 NONSENSE RUBBISH EXCLAIM
nonsens bzdury zawołać, wykrzyknąć
WHAT DO WE EXCLAIM WHEN WE THINK SOMEONE'S TALKING
NONSENSE ? When we think someone's talking nonsense, we can
exclaim either "Nonsense!" or "Rubbish!"
RANK ranga ADMIRAL admirał
WHAT'S THE HIGHEST RANK IN THE NAVY?/ The highest rank in the navy
is admiral... First Sea Lord... etc.
TAILOR krawiec TAILORESS krawcowa
WHAT DO WE CALL A MAN WHO MAKES CLOTHES? We call... a tailor
WHAT DO WE CALL A WOMAN WHO MAKES CLOTHES ? We call... a
tailoress or dressmaker
BAGGAGE (US) bagaż LUGGAGE bagaż
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY BAGGAGE ? By baggage we mean suitcases,
packages, parcels, etc., that we travel with
WHAT'S ANOTHER WORD FOR "BAGGAGE" ? Another word ... is "luggage"
976 DICTATION 85
The cat followed her mistress/ into the kitchen/ hoping for some food./ I scarcely have
the courage/ to tell him that/ he will never be a poet,/ only a writer of third-class verse./1
dare not think/ of the effect it will have on him,/ but he ought to be told./ Even if we get a
loan,/ we shall only be postponing the day/ when we have to close the business/ as a
complete loss./1 can still see the scene now,/ with the boy almost in tears/ standing before
the headmaster's desk, / at the end of his first term at school,/ asking not to be sent away./
It was one of those old country houses/ with suits of armour/ standing in the entrance/ and
deer wandering around in the grounds outside.
LESSON 147
IT IS TIME + PAST TENSE
After the words "it is time" we generally use the Past Tense or the Infinitive. For
example, we say "Don't you think it's time you had your hair cut ?" or "Don't you
think it's time to have your hair cut ?"
WHAT DO WE GENERALLY USE AFTER THE WORDS "IT IS TIME" ?
We generally use the Past Tense or the Infinitive after the words "It is time"
GIVE ME EXAMPLES, PLEASE ! It's time we went home. It's time to go home
TREAT traktować SHOCK EXCEPTIONALLY TREATMENT leczenie
obchodzić się z kimś szok wyjątkowo sposób traktowania
977 DO YOU THINK ONE SHOULD TREAT EVERYONE ALIKE - THAT IS, DO
YOU THINK ONE SHOULD TREAT A WAITER AS ONE WOULD TREAT A
KING ? Yes, I think one should treat... or... No, I don't...
DO YOU KNOW HOW TO TREAT SOMEONE FOR SHOCK, OR SOMEONE
WHO'S FAINTED ? Yes, I know how to ... or... No, I don't...
HOW ?/ By making them comfortable, keeping them warm ...
CAN YOU THINK OF A BOOK OF HISTORY, SCIENCE, ETC. THAT TREATS
ITS SUBJECT EXCEPTIONALLY WELL ? Yes, I can think of... or
...No, I can't think ...
WHAT DO YOU THINKS THE BEST TREATMENT FOR A COMMON COLD?
I think the best treatment... is ...
ALLOWANCE przydział, zasiłek
MAKE ALLOWANCE uwzględniać, brać w rachubę
DO YOU THINK IT'S BETTER TO GIVE A CHILD A FIXED WEEKLY
ALLOWANCE, OR GIVE HIM MONEY LITTLE BY LITTLE AS HE NEEDS
IT ?/ I think it's better to give a child ...
IN OUR TREATMENT OF CRIMINALS, DO YOU THINK WE SHOULD MAKE
ALLOWANCES FOR THE FACT THAT THE CRIMINAL HAS PROBABLY
HAD A HARD LIFE AS A CHILD ... ETC. ? Yes, in our treatment of... I think
we ... or ... No, in our treatment... I don't think ...
978 BEG błagać FORGIVE FORGIVENESS PARDON
żebrać przebaczać przebaczenie wybaczać, przepraszam
I BEG YOUR PARDON perzepraszam bardzo
ARE YOU AGAINST BEGGING IN THE STREETS ? Yes, I'm against... or...
No, I'm not against...
ON WHAT KIND OF OCCASIONS DO PEOPLE BEG FOR FORGIVENESS ?
The kind of occasions people ... are when they have
done something seriously wrong, like ...
When we have not quite heard what someone has said, we either say "I beg your
pardon ?" or just "Pardon ?" or "Sorry ?"
WHEN WE HAVE NOT QUITE HEARD WHAT SOMEONE HAS JUST SAID,
WHAT DO WE SAY ?/ When we have not... we say "I beg your pardon ?"
or just "Pardon ?" or "Sorry ?"
CLOTH CLOTHE CLOTHING
materiał, sukno ubierać, odziewać odzież, bielizna
979 WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE WORDS "CLOTH" AND "CLOTHE"?
The difference ... is that "cloth" is material, it's a noun, whilst
"clothe" is a verb meaning "to put on" or "to wear" clothes
ABOUT HOW MANY MORE PIECES OF CLOTHING DOES THE AVERAGE
PERSON WEAR IN COLD WEATHER THAN IN HOT WEATHER?
The average person wears about... more pieces of clothing in ...
DISEASE CONTAGIOUS INFLUENZA MALARIA FEVER
choroba zakaz
na grypa malaria gorÄ…czka
A disease is an illness which is sometimes contagious, like influenza, malaria or
yellow fever, etc.
YELLOW FEVER febra
WHAT DO WE GENERALLY MEAN BY A DISEASE ? By a disease we
generally mean an illness which ...
FIRE ognia!
WHAT ARE THE ORDERS AN OFFICER GIVES HIS MEN WHEN HE WANTS
THEM TO FIRE ON THE ENEMY IN A BATTLE ?/ The orders an ... Take aim!
... Steady!... Fire! (or, Ready! ... Aim!... Fire!)
980 ROOM pokój, miejsce SOLUTION255° rozwiÄ…zanie
DO YOU THINK THERE IS, AND ALWAYS WILL BE, ENOUGH ROOM IN
THE WORLD FOR EVERYBODY ? Yes, I think there is ... or... No, I don't think ...
IF NOT, WHAT DO YOU THINK'S THE BEST SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM ?
I think the best solution is ...
SHARP ostry, szybki, nagły
The word "sharp" has many meanings, but basically it means "quick - sudden -
violent - severe"./
WHAT DOES THE WORD "SHARP" BASICALLY MEAN ? The word "sharp"
basically means "quick, sudden, violent or severe"
WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A SHARP PAIN AND A DULL PAIN ?
The difference between ... is that a sharp pain is sudden
and violent, but one that doesn't last long, whereas a
dull pain is less violent but more continuous
DOES IT MAKE YOU FEEL A LITTLE ANGRY IF YOU HAVE TO WRITE
WITH A PENCIL THAT HASN'T GOT A SHARP POINT, OR CUT WITH A
KNIFE THAT HASN'T GOT A SHARP EDGE ?/ Yes, it makes me feel a ... or
... No, it doesn't make ...
981 CAPE przylądek HORN róg
NAME ME SOME FAMOUS CAPES IN THE WORLD. Some famous ... are the
Cape of Good Hope, in South Africa; Cape Horn, in South America...
RAW surowy, nierafinowany UNPROCESSED nieprzetworzony
DO YOU EVER EAT RAW MEAT OR VEGETABLES ? Yes, I sometimes... or
... No, I never ...
WHY OR WHY NOT?
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY RAW MATERIALS ? By raw materials we mean
materials in their natural or unprocessed state
GIVE ME SOME EXAMPLES, PLEASE ! Coal, wood, metal
SAMPLE próbka BEFOREHAND przedtem, uprzednio, z góry
WHY DOES A BUSINESS SEND ITS CUSTOMERS A SAMPLE OF THE
GOODS IT WISHES TO SELL ?/ A business sends its ..., so that the customers can
see beforehand what the goods look like before ordering a large quantity
982 UNDERGRADUATE GRADUATE
student, studentka osoba, która ukończyła studia
WHAT DO WE CALL A UNIVERSITY STUDENT WHO HAS NOT YET
TAKEN HIS DEGREE ? - AND ONE WHO HAS TAKEN IT ? A university student
who has not yet... we call an undergraduate,
whilst one who has taken it we call a graduate
VAIN próżny, daremny STRUGGLE (v) usiłować, walczyć
WHAT DOES THE WORD "VAIN" MEAN ? The word vain means ...
GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE, PLEASE ! They struggled in vain to free themselves
from the ropes that bound their hands behind their backs.
He was very vain about his appearance. He was
always looking at himself in the mirror
DICTATION 86
A search was made/ to see if the number of mice/ on board the merchant ship/ was
excessive./ One of the boxes/ was split open with an axe/ and was found to be full of
worms./ Baskets of oranges/ with a leaf or two still on them/ were put on the tables/ in
preparation for the village feast,/ and it was felt/ that even the greediest of villagers/
would go away well satisfied./ It was decided/ that the land should be ploughed/ and
beans grown on it./ We balanced the log of wood/ on the top of the old oil drum/ and with
a lot of cursing/ managed to hammer the bent nail into it./ James, who was too lazy to
help,/just sat and laughed/ when the log fell on my toe,/ cutting the leather of my shoe.
983 LESSON 148
TURN TO BADLY MISJUDGE TRAFFIC LIGHTS
zwrócić się do z
le, kiepsko, licho z
le osądzić światła
TURN = CHANGE TURN OUT TO BE DISHONEST QUEUE kolejka
odwrócić, obrócić okazać się nieuczciwy stać w kolejce
OUT OF TURN poza kolejką STEP OUT OF TURN wejść poza kolejką
WHOM DO YOU TURN TO WHEN YOU ARE IN TROUBLE OR NEED HELP
BADLY ? I turn to ... when I'm in ...
IN WHAT ORDER DO TRAFFIC LIGHTS TURN FROM STOP TO GO AND
VICE VERSA; THAT IS, IN WHAT ORDER DO THE COLOURS CHANGE ?/
The order in which traffic lights turn from ... is ...
DO YOU FIND YOU OFTEN MISJUDGE A PERSON YOU MEET FOR THE
FIRST TIME ? FOR EXAMPLE, YOU MIGHT THINK HE'S HONEST AND HE
TURNS OUT TO BE DISHONEST, OR YOU THINK HE'S NICE AND HE
TURNS OUT TO BE THOROUGHLY UNPLEASANT Yes, I often find I... or...
No, I don't often find ... I...
WHAT DO YOU DO, OR HOW DO YOU FEEL, IF YOU ARE IN A QUEUE
AND SOMEONE STEPS OUT OF TURN IN FRONT OF YOU?/ If I'm in a
queue and someone steps ... I...
984 ALOUD na głos, głośno
WHAT'S THE CONTRARY OF "TO READ TO ONESELF" ? The contrary
is "to read aloud"...
DO ONE'S BEST robić wszystko co można
DO YOU ALWAYS TRY TO DO YOUR BEST IN EVERYTHING YOU DO?
Yes, I always try to ... or... No, I don't...
BEYOND WILD FANTASTIC EXPECTATION
poza, za dziki fantastyczny oczekiwanie
IF YOU FACED SOUTH AND COULD LOOK AT THE HORIZON FROM
WHERE YOU'RE SITTING NOW, WHICH VILLAGE, TOWN, CITY OR
COUNTRY WOULD BE JUST BEYOND THE HORIZON?/ If I faced south and
could ... the village of... would be ...
HAS ANYTHING EVER HAPPENED TO YOU WHICH HAS BEEN BEYOND
YOUR WILDEST DREAMS - THAT IS, BEYOND YOUR MOST FANTASTIC
EXPECTATIONS ? Yes, something has happened to ... or... No, nothing has ever...
WHAT?
985 WHO WOULD YOU SAY WAS BEYOND DOUBT THE GREATEST PERSON
ALIVE TODAY ? I'd say that... was beyond doubt the ...
COARSE CULTIVATE CULTIVATED
ordynarny, gruby, szóstki uprawiać,udoskonalać kulturalny
UNCULTIVATED meuprawny;(os) niekulturalna UNREFINED szorstki
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY COARSE CLOTH OR COARSE FOOD ? By coarse
... we mean rough to feel or to taste; not refined ...
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A COARSE PERSON OR COARSE BEHAVIOUR?
By a coarse ... we mean not refined, educated or cultivated;
or, unrefined, uneducated or uncultivated
DOT kropka
WHAT'S THIS? It's a dot
WHERE DO WE PUT DOTS WHEN WE'RE WRITING ? When we're writing, we put
dots over the letters "i" and "j"; at the end of
sentences; and in colons and semi-colons
986 FIRM mocny FLESH ciało
IS THE FLESH ON AN OLD MAN'S ARM USUALLY FIRM ? No, the flesh
on an old man's arm isn't usually firm. It depends
on how old the man is; how he has lived; whether he's
still physically active; whether he takes any exercise, etc....
WOULD YOU SAY THAT YOU WERE FIRM IN YOUR CHARACTER, FIRM
IN YOUR DECISIONS, FIRM IN PURPOSE ETC. ? Yes, I'd say I was ... or...
No, I wouldn't say I was ...
WHICH IS THE BIGGEST FIRM IN YOUR HOME TOWN ?/ The biggest... is ...
ROT zgnić ROTTEN zgniły, zepsuty
WHERE DOES MEAT ROT MORE QUICKLY - IN THE HEAT OR IN THE
COLD ? Meat rots more quickly in the heat
CAN YOU THINK OF ANY FOOD THAT PEOPLE LIKE TO EAT WHEN IT'S
ROTTEN ? Yes, I can think of some food that... certain cheeses, certain birds, etc....
SHEET prześcieradło
987 ARE YOU ABLE TO SLEEP COMFORTABLY IN A BED WITHOUT SHEETS ?/
Yes, I'm able to sleep ... or... No, I'm not able ...
WHICH IS THINNER, A SHEET OF PAPER OR A SHEET OF STEEL ?
Usually a sheet of paper, but it depends: a sheet of
metal can be made very thin these days
WHAT HAPPENS TO A SHEET OF WATER WHEN THE TEMPERATURE OF
THE AIR FALLS BELOW FREEZING POINT ? When the temperature ... a sheet of
water freezes into a sheet of ice
RAY promień
WHEN ARE THE RAYS OF THE SUN AT THEIR HOTTEST ?/ The rays of
the sun are... at noon
SAUCE sos
WHAT'S YOUR FAVOURITE SAUCE? My favourite ...
VEIL woalka, welon
WHEN AND WHY DOES A WOMAN SOMETIMES WEAR A VEIL ?
A woman sometimes ... at a funeral in order to hide
her tears ... sometimes at a wedding ...
YIELD ugiąć się, ustępować KILO (KILOGRAM) kilo
988 IF SOMEONE PUT A 100 KILO OBJECT ON YOUR BACK, WOULD YOUR
LEGS YIELD BENEATH THE WEIGHT ?/ Yes, if someone ...
WOULD YOU YIELD TO A THIEF WHO WAS TRYING TO STEAL SOME
THING FROM YOU WITHOUT A FIGHT ? Yes, I'd yield to a ... or...
No, I wouldn't...
WHY OR WHY NOT ? Because, if he were carrying some kind of weapon,
it'd be too dangerous not to yield ... or... because
I'd be so angry, I wouldn't care if I got hurt
EARNEST poważny, sumienny
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY AN EARNEST PERSON ? By an earnest person, we
mean someone who's serious or sincere
LESSON 149
RUN SHORT OF wyczerpać się, kończyć się
WHAT DO YOU DO WHEN YOU RUN SHORT OF MONEY ? When I run... I
borrow some from...
ALTOGETHER zupełnie, razem, całkiem
CAN YOU THINK OF A FILM THAT YOU'VE SEEN THAT WAS
ALTOGETHER BAD ? Yes, I can think ... or ... No, I can't...
WHICH? WHY?
989 TAKING THINGS ALTOGETHER, DO YOU THINK LIFE ON THIS EARTH
IS WORTH LIVING?/ Yes, taking things ... I think ... or ... No, taking things ...
BITE - BIT - BITTEN ugryz
ć
WHAT AM I DOING ? You're biting your finger
WHAT'S THE PARADIGM OF THE VERB "TO BITE" ?
The paradigm ... bite - bit - bitten...
CONFIDENCE SECRET KEEP A SECRET SELF-CONFIDENCE
zaufanie sekret dotrzymać tajemnicy pewność siebie
IN CONFIDENCE w zaufaniu IN SECRET w sekrecie
IS THERE ANYONE YOU CAN THINK OF IN WHOM YOU HAVE SUCH
CONFIDENCE THAT YOU COULD TRUST THEM TO KEEP YOUR GREATEST
SECRETS ?/ Yes, there's someone I can ... or ... No, there isn't anyone ...
WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE SAY THAT SOMEONE IS FULL OF SELF-
CONFIDENCE ? When we say that... we mean that he has great confidence
in himself, or in his ability to do something...
WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE SAY WE SPEAK TO SOMEONE IN
CONFIDENCE ? When we say we speak... we mean we speak to them in secret...
990 DRAG wlec FIGURATIVE MEAN TO SAY FALL BEHIND ociągać się
(się),ciągnąć przenośny chcieć powiedzieć pozostawać w tyle
BIT kawałek, odrobina COME ON / zbliżyć się, nadejść
WHAT BASICALLY DOES THE WORD "DRAG" MEAN ? Basically, the word
"drag" means to pull something heavy along, or to move slowly
We can also use the word "drag" in a figurative sense, e.g. "Whatever you do, don't
drag me into the argument"
GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE OF THE WORD "DRAG" USED FIGURATIVELY.
You mean to say that you've dragged me all
this way just to show me that!
WHAT WOULD I MEAN IF I SAID "THE FILM WAS QUITE GOOD, BUT IT
DRAGGED A BIT IN THE MIDDLE" ? / If you said "The film was ..." you would
mean that it moved a little slowly and heavily in the middle ...
WHAT DOES A MOTHER MEAN WHEN SHE'S OUT WALKING WITH HER
CHILDREN AND SHE SAYS "COME ON NOW, DON'T DRAG BEHIND" ?
When a mother's out with ... and she says "Come on now ..."
she means that she wants her children to keep near her
and not walk slowly and so fall behind and get lost...
991 FLASH błysk LIGHTNING THUNDER THUNDERSTORM
błyskać się błyskawica grzmot burza
APPROACH THUNDER ROLL PASS (time) ONCE MORE
zbliżyć się, odejście grzmot się rozlega upłynąć jeszcze raz
When there's a thunderstorm, we first see the flash of lightning, then later, after a few
seconds, we hear the thunder, even though, in fact, the thunder and lightning
happen at the same time. The reason for the delay in hearing the thunder is that
sound travels more slowly than light/
WHY IS IT THAT IN A THUNDERSTORM WE FIRST SEE THE FLASH OF
LIGHTNING, THEN, AFTER A DELAY OF A FEW SECONDS, WE HEAR
THE ROLL OF THUNDER ? The reason that in a ... is that sound
travels slower than light
If we want to find out whether the storm is approaching us or going away from us, all
we have to do is count the number of seconds that pass between seeing the flash of
lightning and hearing the thunder roll, and then, when the lightning flashes a second
time, to count once more. If, the second time, the number of seconds we count
between seeing the lightning and hearing the thunder is greater than the first time,
then the storm is moving away; if, on the other hand, the number of seconds is less,
then the storm is approaching. /
992 HOW CAN WE FIND OUT IF A STORM IS APPROACHING US OR GOING
AWAY FROM US ? We can find out if... by counting the number of seconds that
pass between seeing the flash of lightning and hearing the thunder roll...
SIGNAL sygnał
WHAT AM I DOING ? You're making a signal for someone to stop
SLIP SLIDE CRASH
poślizgnąć się, przesunąć się poślizgnąć się, ześlizgnąć się trzask, grzmot
CRUSH ONOMATOPOEIA BANANA
zgnieść, rozgnieść onomatopeja banan
SKIN (of a fruit) skórka z owoca CONNECTION2600 połączenie, związek
There are many words in English that give us an idea of their meaning by their sound.
This connection between sound and meaning is known as onomatopoeia. For
example, we have the two words "slip" and "slide" which are both similar in
meaning, but the word "slip", which has a short, quick sound, we generally use for a
short, quick action like slipping on a banana skin in the street, whilst the word
"slide", which has a longer and slower sound in its pronunciation, we generally use
for a longer and slower action like snow sliding down the side of a mountain./
993 Another two examples of onomatopoeia can be seen with the words "crash" and
"crush". For example, "The glass fell on the floor with a crash" and "He crushed
the letter angrily in his hand".
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY ONOMATOPOEIA? By onomatopoeia we mean the
connection between the sound and the meaning of a word
GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE, PLEASE !/ An example is "slip" and "slide". We use
"slip" for a short, quick action, like slipping on a banana
skin, whilst we use "slide" for a longer, slower action,
like snow sliding down the side of a mountain
WHAT KIND OF SOUND DOES THUNDER MAKE WHEN IT BREAKS ?
Thunder makes a crashing sound when it breaks
WHAT AM I DOING? You're crushing a piece of paper in your hand
SLIGHT drobny, mały, nieznaczny UNIMPORTANT nieważny
994 WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A "SLIGHT HEADACHE" OR A "SLIGHT DELAY" ?
By a "slight headache" or a "slight delay" we mean a headache
which's not very strong, and a delay of a very few minutes
WHAT THEN DOES THE WORD "SLIGHT" MEAN ?/ ... light, little, unimportant
AS - AND ITS DIFFERENT USES WHILE chwila, podczas gdy
The different uses of the word "as" are as follows:-
1) With the meaning of "when" or "while", e.g. As I was coming to school it was
raining.
2) Used to show a reason for something, e.g. As Mr. Green has not arrived yet, let
us go and have a drink whilst we are waiting.
3) With the meaning of "in the same way", e.g. Try and do it exactly as I have
done it
4) In comparisons, e.g. I am as tall as my father. It is not as (or so) easy as it
appears.
5) In the construction "the same... as", e.g. His hair is the same colour as mine.
6) In the construction "such ... as", e.g. He is not such a bad fellow as he appears
to be.
7) Used when giving examples, e.g. We study all sorts of subjects, such as history,
science, art, mathematics etc./
995 TELL ME THE SEVEN DIFFERENT USES OF THE WORD "AS", PLEASE !
AND GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE OF EACH. The seven different... are 1)...
SAUCER spodek, podstawka TABLECLOTH obrus
WHAT DO WE USE A SAUCER FOR ? We use a saucer to stand a cup on, in order
to prevent any of the liquid that might collect round the bottom
of the cup getting onto the table or tablecloth and leaving a mark ...
FADE zwiędnąć, wypłowieć SUNLIGHT światło słoneczne
WHAT MAKES THE COLOUR IN CLOTH FADE?/ Sunlight can make
the colour in cloth fade ...
KNOT WORK LOOSE UNDO UNDONE nie zrobiony
węzeł, supeł rozluz
nić się rozwiązać, rozpiąć, nie załatwiony
WHAT HAPPENS TO A KNOT IF WE DON'T TIE IT TIGHTLY ENOUGH ? If
we don't tie ... it will slip, work loose and eventually come undone ...
SCARCE rzadki, niewystarczajÄ…cy
WHY DOES FOOD BECOME SCARCE IN WAR TIME ? Food becomes scarce
in war time because the fields get destroyed, there
aren't enough men to work the land, as they're away
fighting, and everything's in a general state of confusion ...
996 PLANT roślina
WHICH PLANT DO YOU THINK LOOKS THE NICEST ? I think the ... plant
looks the nicest
REGAIN CONSCIOUSNESS BLOODSTREAM
odzyskać świadomość strumień krwi
DICTATION 87
We cannot call the man a liar,/ as we have no means of checking/ the truth of his
statement./ The actual salary for the job/ is based upon a fixed scale/ which gives the
employee/ an increase each year;/ with the amount being settled/ by the government./
The head of the unconscious patient/ was raised/ and a kind of powder/ was
anxiously applied to his wound/ with a pad of cotton wool./ When the patient
regained consciousness,/ the doctor forbade him all food,/ as he was eager to get
him well again/ as soon as possible/ by immediately getting rid/ of whatever
poison/ might be in the patient's bloodstream./ He also advised him/ to remain
thoroughly idle/ for several days after leaving hospital.
LESSON 150
997 ANNOY BORED BORING PASS (change)
dokuczyć, irytować znudzony nudny przejść
FALL ASLEEP FLY UNINTERESTING
zasnąć latać nieinteresujący
When people are very annoyed, they can easily pass from being annoyed to being
angry, whilst, when people are very bored, they can easily fall asleep.
WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN "TO BE ANNOYED" AND "TO BE
BORED" ? The difference ... is that when people are ...
WHAT KIND OF THINGS ANNOY YOU ? The kind of things that... are a fly
flying round me whilst I'm trying to sleep ... etc.
WHAT KIND OF THINGS BORE YOU ?/ The kind of things ... are dull people ...
uninteresting work... etc.
WHAT DO YOU DO WHEN YOU FEEL BORED ? When I feel bored I... listen
to music...
WHAT'S THE BEST WAY TO DEAL WITH PEOPLE WHO ARE BORING ?
The best way to ... is to ... make an excuse and leave ...
ANY SOME WHICHEVER CONSUME
jakiś, który, jakikolwiek tu: jakiś którykolwiek skonsumować
One of the differences between the words "any" and "some" is that we can use "any"
in an unlimited sense, for example, "If you could visit any country in the world,
which would you choose ?", that is, whichever country you preferred, whilst the
word "some" we use in a more limited sense, for example, "There's some country,
which I can't think of at the moment, which consumes more coffee than any other
country in the world", that is, a country in particular. When the word "some" is
used in this sense, the noun which follows it is singular, e.g. some country, and not
some countries. Generally, as we know, "some" is used as the plural of "a", e.g. a
book - some books./
998 GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE OF THE WORD "ANY" USED IN AN UNLIMITED
SENSE AND "SOME" USED IN A LIMITED SENSE. "If you could have any
book you liked in this library, which would you take ?" and "There's some
book in this library in which I saw a photograph of the last king"
APPLAUD APPLAUSE CLAP
oklaskiwać, bić brawo oklaski, aprobata klaskać
WHAT AM I DOING ? You're clapping your hands together in applause for something
WHAT DOES AN AUDIENCE DO WHEN IT APPLAUDS A SINGER OR AN
ACTOR ETC. ?/ An audience shouts and claps when it...
BLADE SHOULDER-BLADE OAR
ostrze łopatka wiosło
WHAT DO WE USE THE WORD "BLADE" FOR? We use the word blade for
1) a blade of a knife, a sword or a razor 2) a blade of grass
3) a shoulder-blade, or 4) a blade of an oar; that is, generally
speaking, something which is flat and shaped like these objects
999 SORE bolÄ…cy
IF YOU SHOUTED TOO MUCH OR RUBBED YOUR FINGER ON THE EDGE
OF THE TABLE LIKE THIS, WHAT'D HAPPEN?/ If I shouted too ... I'd get a
sore throat, whilst if I rubbed my ... I'd get a sore finger
CORK korek
WHAT'S A CORK MADE OF, AND WHAT DO WE USE IT FOR? A cork
is made of cork, and we use it to put into the neck of a bottle in
order to stop the liquid in the bottle escaping...
DRIVE RUDE OVERCHARGE
tu: odstraszać, poruszać niegrzeczny przeciążyć, zedrzeć (pieniądze)
HOW DOES A SHOPKEEPER, WITHOUT REALIZING WHAT HE IS DOING,
SOMETIMES DRIVE CUSTOMERS AWAY FROM HIS SHOP ? A shopkeeper,
without... by being rude to them, keeping them
waiting too long, overcharging them ... etc.
HOW ARE MOST TRAINS DRIVEN THESE DAYS - BY STEAM OR BY
ELECTRICITY ?/ Most trains these days are driven by electricity
SORROW smutek, żal
1000 The difference between "pain" and "sorrow" is that, generally speaking, we use "pain"
more in the physical sense, like a pain in the arm, whilst "sorrow" we use in a
spiritual sense, like the sorrow a mother feels at the loss of one of her children.
WHAT, GENERALLY SPEAKING, IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN "PAIN"
AND "SORROW" ? - AND GIVE ME EXAMPLES, PLEASE ! Generally speaking
the difference ... is that we use "pain" more in the physical
sense ... whilst "sorrow" we use in a spiritual sense ...
FOND OF lubić, być zwolennikiem
ARE YOU FOND OF CHILDREN AND ANIMALS?/ Yes, I'm fond of... or
... No, I'm not...
ARE YOU FOND OF THE THEATRE ? Yes, I'm fond of... or ... No, I'm not...
WIPE FOREHEAD CARPET MAT RUG
wytrzeć, otrzeć czoło dywan wycieraczka dywanik, kilim
WHAT AM I DOING ? You're wiping your forehead with the back of your hand
The difference between a carpet, a mat, and a rug is that a carpet is usually quite large,
sometimes covering the whole floor of a room; a mat we usually put in front of the
door for people to wipe their feet on before entering the house, whilst a rug is
usually not very large and is placed in front of the fire or by the side of the bed, and
is often made of longer and looser threads than a carpet./
1001 WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A CARPET, A MAT AND A RUG?
The difference ... is that a carpet is usually quite large ...
SOUR RIPE UNRIPE OVERRIPE
kwaśny, cierpki dojrzały niedojrzały mocno dojrzały
WHAT HAPPENS TO MILK IF WE LEAVE IT FOR TOO LONG BEFORE
USING IT ? If we leave milk too long before using it, it goes sour (or turns sour)
WHAT'S SOUR FRUIT, AND WHAT'S THE OPPOSITE OF SOUR FRUIT?/
Sour fruit is fruit that isn't ripe (or is unripe), whilst the
opposite of sour fruit is overripe fruit
APPOINT mianować, ustanowić POSITION położenie, sytuacja
IF YOU COULD CHOOSE, WHAT KIND OF POSITION OR JOB WOULD YOU
LIKE TO BE APPOINTED TO ? If I could choose, the kind of... I'd like to be ...
would be that of...
BLAME winić, zganić, zarzut
IN ROAD ACCIDENTS WHO, OR WHAT, DO YOU THINK IS TO BLAME MORE
THAN ANYTHING ELSE ? In road accidents, I think ... driving too close
... is to blame more than anything else
1002 COURT NOBLE TENNIS-COURT RECTANGLE
dwór królewski szlachetny kort tenisowy prostokąt
RECTANGULAR prostokÄ…tny NET siatka
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A KING'S COURT ?/ By a king's court, we mean all
the important nobles, ministers, or famous men in
the land who collect around the king ...
DESCRIBE A TENNIS-COURT. A tennis-court is apiece of ground covered either
with grass or some kind of material. If with grass, it is carefully rolled flat. It's
rectangular in shape with white lines painted on it to show the spaces in which
the ball must hit the ground. The rectangle is divided in half by a net... etc.
TAME oswojony, domowy
WHAT'S THE CONTRARY OF A WILD ANIMAL? The contrary of... is a
tame animal
WAX WOSk
WHAT DO WE USE FOR MAKING CANDLES ? / We use wax for making
candles
BANK brzeg
WHAT DO WE CALL THE SIDES OF A RIVER? We call the sides of a river
"the banks"
1003 AT LAST wreszcie IN THE END w końcu
We do not use "at last" in negative sentences; instead we would use "in the end", e.g.
"At last, we managed to get the tin open", or, "In the end, we didn't manage to get
the tin open."
MAKE A SENTENCE USING THE WORDS "AT LAST". After searching all
day, we at last realized our mistake in thinking that what we
were looking for could be found without help
MAKE A SENTENCE WITH THE WORDS "IN THE END". In the end, we did
not find what we were looking for
DICTATION 88
The moment the prisoner/ had climbed the high fence/ and made good his escape,/ he
went to the place/ where he had been told/ a weapon of some kind/ had been buried for
him./ The child got down on his knees/ to look at the poor dog's paw,/ which had a small
nail caught in it./ It is a mystery/ why some people live a life of virtue/ whilst others live/
in exactly the opposite way./ From the carriage window/ we had a clear view of the
ancient town/ through the gap in the mountains./ Wandering around the village/ we came
across a funeral/ at the entrance of a small church./ It was obviously not the funeral/ of
any distinguished person,/ as was clear by the humble-looking crowd.
1004 LESSON 151
SPARE zapasowe PUNCTURE przebicie, przedziurawić się
WHAT WOULD I MEAN IF I SAID "HE CANT SPARE THE MONEY TO
BUY HIMSELF A NEW SUIT" ? If you said ... you'd mean he has some money, but
must use it for other things and has none left, or spare, with
which to buy himself a new suit
WHAT DO YOU DO IN YOUR SPARE TIME ? I... in my spare time
WHY DO WE CARRY A SPARE WHEEL IN A CAR ?/ We carry a ... so that,
if we get a puncture in any of the four we are
using, we can change it immediately ...
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A SPARE ROOM AT HOME ? By a spare ... we
mean an extra room in the house which
we keep empty for guests etc.
FOOL PART (v) IDIOT
głupiec dzielić, oddzielić idiota
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY "A FOOL AND HIS MONEY ARE SOON PARTED" ?
By a ... we mean that, when an idiot has any money, it is not
long before he loses it by doing something stupid with it...
HAS ANYBODY EVER FOOLED YOU ? Yes, I've been fooled by someone ... or...
No, nobody has ever fooled me
1005 WHO? WHEN? WHERE? HOW?
SPILL - SPILT - SPILT (OR SPILLED) rozlać
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE POUR TOO MUCH WATER INTO A GLASS ?
When we pour too ... some of the water spills over the edge of the glass ...
WHAT DOES IT MEAN: "THERE'S NO USE CRYING OVER SPILT MILK" ?
"There's no use ..." means that, whatever misfortune it is that has happened
cannot be changed, and so it is a waste of time crying about it...
FORMER LATTER THE FORMER.. THE LATTER
poprzedni ostatni poprzedni.. ostatni
WHAT DO I MEAN WHEN I SAY "IN FORMER TIMES MOST PEOPLE HAD
TO WALK EVERYWHERE THEY WENT"?/ When you say that in former times
... you mean that in earlier days most... but not nowadays
When we say "Paris and Rome are capital cities; the former is in France whilst the
latter is in Italy", we mean that the first mentioned is in France whilst the second
mentioned is in Italy.
WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE SAY "BEETHOVEN AND TOLSTOY WERE
BOTH GREAT MEN; THE FORMER WAS GERMAN WHILST THE LATTER
WAS RUSSIAN"? When we say "Beethoven ..." we mean the first mentioned
was German whilst the second mentioned was Russian
1006 ARISE BACK(v) BACK OUT/
powstaswać, pojawiać cofnąć, poprzeć, wzmacniać wycofać się
WHEN AN ARGUMENT ARISES, WHAT DO YOU DO ? - DO YOU BACK
OUT OF IT BEFORE IT GETS TOO HEATED, OR DO YOU GO INTO IT
WITH PLEASURE ? When an argument arises, I ...
BLESS błogosławić, czcić
WHAT DOES A PRIEST DO WHEN HE BLESSES PEOPLE ? A priest... makes
a movement with his hand ... when he blesses people
WHICH WOULD YOU RATHER BE BLESSED WITH - HEALTH OR
WEALTH ?/ I'd rather be blessed with ...
1007 CRACK rozłupać WORKMANSHIP DAMPNESS DRYNESS
trzasnąć wykonanie wilgoć suchość, jałowość
WHIP bat, chłostać
WHAT 'D HAPPEN IF I BIT HARD ON MY PEN (OR PENCIL) ? If you bit
... you'd crack it
WHAT CAUSES CRACKS IN THE WALLS AND CEILING ? Age, dampness,
dryness or bad workmanship can cause cracks in walls and ceilings
WHY DOES THE DRIVER OF A HORSE AND CART CRACK HIS WHIP ?/
The driver of a ... to make his horse go faster
without actually having to hit the horse
SPIN - SPUN - SPUN TEAM SPIN-DRIER
prząść, obrócić zespół maszyna do suszenia
WHAT HAPPENS BEFORE A GAME OF FOOTBALL STARTS? Before a game
of... the captains of the two sides spin a coin to decide
which half of the field their team will play in
WHAT'S A SPINNING MACHINE ? A spinning machine is a machine used for
spinning wool or cotton thread
WHAT'S A SPIN-DRIER? A spin-drier is a machine for drying clothes
DO YOU PREFER TEAM GAMES OR GAMES IN WHICH YOU PLAY AS
AN INDIVIDUAL?/ I prefer ...
1008 FORTH2650 naprzód REPLACE zastąpić
The word "forth" means "forward" or "out". It is one of those words which's used
more in written than in spoken English./ In spoken English, we generally replace the
word "forth" with the word "out". For example, instead of saying "bring forth, set
forth" etc., we say "bring out, set out" etc.
TELL ME ABOUT THE WORD "FORTH", PLEASE ! The word "forth" means
"forward" or "out". It is one ...
GIVE ME A SENTENCE CONTAINING THE WORD "FORTH", PLEASE !
The writer set forth his arguments with great skill
SPOT miejsce, punkt
WHY DO WE SOMETIMES CALL A DOG "SPOT" ?/ We sometimes...
because it has a coloured spot somewhere on its coat.
If, for example, it's a white dog, it might have a
black spot in the middle of its back ... etc.
WHAT KIND OF SPOT DO YOU PREFER FOR A PICNIC ? I prefer... a
quiet spot by the sea ... for a picnic
ARRANGE ARRANGEMENT BOOK (v)
zaaranżować, planować plan, układ zamówić, rezerwować
IN ANY CASE w każdym razie
WHICH SHOP IN THIS PLACE DO YOU THINK ARRANGES ITS GOODS IN
ITS WINDOWS THE BEST, AND WHICH DO YOU THINK ARRANGES ITS
GOODS THE WORST ?/ I think the shop in this place which arranges ... is ...
whilst the one which arranges them the worst is ...
1009 HAVE YOU ARRANGED TO DO ANYTHING THIS EVENING ? Yes, I've
arranged to ... or... No, I haven't...
WHAT?
DOES A FAMOUS ACTOR, SINGER OR ENTERTAINER GENERALLY MAKE
HIS OWN ARRANGEMENTS WITH THE THEATRE WHERE HE'S BOOKED
TO PERFORM ? No, a famous actor ... does not generally ... He generally has a
manager who makes all the arrangements for him ...
WHY ?/ Because entertaining is one job, and managing is another, and to do two jobs
at the same time could be very tiring. In any case, entertainers are often not
practical businessmen, and so find it rather difficult to run themselves ...
VESSEL naczynie BLOOD-VESSEL naczynie krwionośne
A vessel is any kind of container, such as a cup, a bottle, a drum etc. We also call
a ship a vessel, and also have "blood-vessels" in the body.
WHAT IS A VESSEL? A vessel is any kind ...
1010 WARMTH ciepło
WHAT'S THE NOUN OF THE ADJECTIVE "WARM"? The noun of ...is "warmth"
MEANWHILE tymczasem
MAKE A SENTENCE WITH THE WORD "MEANWHILE". James was still eating,
so meanwhile, I decided to finish the little piece of sewing I still had to do
PECK dziobać BEAK dziób
WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE SAY THAT A CHICKEN PECKS THE
GROUND? When we say that... we mean that it picks
up food from the ground with its beak
POLITENESS uprzejmość JEALOUSY zazdrość
DICTATION 89
Although it was freezing cold/ outside the hut,/ inside we were all sweating with the
heat./ We found that we could grind the com/ with reasonable ease/ between two stones/
and produce enough flour/ for several loaves of bread/ which, when they had been
baked,/ we piled neatly one on top of the other./ It was clear/ that they were rivals,/ for
one could see that/ beneath their politeness to each other/ they suffered from a bitter
jealousy/ and envy./1 was given my pint of beer/ in a thick glass/ which felt as heavy as
lead/ and had a large handle to it./ The path turned at an angle/ of ninety degrees/ and
passed between rows of flowers/ which gave off a strong scent.
1011 LESSON 152
BLOCK kloc, blok, blokować
WHAT CAN WE USE A BLOCK OF WOOD FOR? We can use a block of wood
for putting under the wheels of a car to stop it running down
hill... under the leg of a table which is not level... etc.
WHY DO THE POLICE SOMETIMES BLOCK A ROAD ? The police sometimes...
because an accident may have happened further up the road
... they may be looking for a criminal... part of the road
might be in danger of sliding down a hill... etc.
CREAM śmietana
WHAT IS CREAM AND WHERE DOES IT COME FROM ? Cream is the fat
part of the milk which rises to the surface, or
anything which looks like it in appearance
WHY DO SOME PEOPLE RUB CREAM INTO THEIR HANDS AFTER DOING
ROUGH OR DIRTY WORK ? Some people rub ... in order to help clean
their skin and keep it smooth ...
SPRING - SPRANG - SPRUNG JACK-IN-THE-BOX SPRING (n)
skoczyć, skakać niespodzianka w pudełku wiosna
CURIOUS ciekawy, osobliwy UNFASTEN odwiązać
1012 A "Jack-in-the-box" is one of those surprise boxes in which there is a head made of
paper, or some such material, fixed on a spring, so that when someone, curious to
know what is inside, unfastens the lid of the box, the head suddenly springs out and
makes the person jump with fright.
WHAT'S A "JACK-IN-THE-BOX" ?/ A "Jack-in-the-box" is one ...
WHAT'S THE MOST CURIOUS THING THAT HAS EVER HAPPENED TO
YOU ? The most curious thing...
ARTICLE przedmiot, artykuł
ABOUT HOW MANY ARTICLES WOULD YOU SAY THERE WERE IN
THIS ROOM ? I'd say there were about... articles in this room
WHAT KIND OF PEOPLE WRITE ARTICLES IN NEWSPAPERS ?
The kind of people who ... are professional writers, or people
who have special knowledge of particular subjects ... etc.
BOLD COURAGEOUS DENTIST IMPRISON
śmiały, zuchwały odważny, mężny dentysta uwięzić
IMPRISONMENT REMEDY SHAMELESS
uwięzienie lekarstwo, środek bezwstydny
STRIKING WELL-DEFINED
uderzajÄ…cy, zdumiewajÄ…cy dobrze zdefiniowany
1013 The word "bold" is similar in meaning to the word "brave"; both have the
meaningof courageous, without fear etc., but, like so many words which are similar
in meaning, they are often used differently. "Bold" we use more with the meaning
of being confident and going forward without fear of danger; whereas one can be
brave without even moving - for example, when face to face with one's dentist, or
when suffering from an illness that has no remedy, or when facing the possibility of
imprisonment for one's beliefs etc.
Another two meanings of the word "bold" are- "shameless", e.g. a bold dress; and -
"clear, striking" or "well-defined", e.g. "The name over the shop was written in
bold letters."/
WHAT DOES THE WORD "BOLD" MEAN ? - AND GIVE ME EXAMPLES.
The word "bold" means being confident and going forward without fear of
danger, e.g. The soldiers marched boldly forward to meet the enemy;
"shameless", e.g. She wore a very bold dress; and "clear, striking,
well-defined", e.g. The house was painted in very bold colours
STAIN WOODWORK REMOVE DRY CLEANER'S
plama stolarka, drewno usunąć pralnia chemiczna
WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN "TO PAINT A TABLE" AND "TO
STAIN A TABLE" ? The difference ... is that paint does not enter into the woodwork
of the table, but forms a covering or coat, which can be scraped
off. Stain, on the other hand, is a thinner liquid which
enters into the woodwork and colours it
1014 HOW CAN ONE REMOVE A STAIN FROM ONE 'S CLOTHES ? One can
remove ... by using a stain remover; depending on what kind of stain it
is. Usually it is easier to take the clothes to the dry cleaner's ...
CREEP - CREPT - CREPT pełzać
The word "creep" means either to move like a snake with the body close to the
ground, or just to move slowly and cautiously.
WHAT DOES THE WORD "CREEP" MEAN ? The word "creep" means ...
GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE OF EACH, PLEASE! 1) The thief s hand crept across
the table to steal the woman's handbag. 2) Because the road
was blocked, the cars were creeping slowly forward
STEPS STAIRS UPSTAIRS DOWNSTAIRS SIMILAR/
kroki schody na górze na dole podobny
The two words "steps" and "stairs" are similar, but we generally think of steps leading
up to a public building or down the mountain-side to a beach; whilst stairs we think
of as being indoors, like the stairs leading from one floor of a building to another.
When talking about steps we say "go up the steps" and "go down the steps", but
when talking about "stairs" we say "go upstairs" and "go downstairs".
1015 WHATS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN "STEPS" AND "STAIRS" ?/
The difference ... is that we generally think of "steps"
as being out of doors ... "stairs" being indoors ...
PASSAGE przejście, korytarz, wyjątek EXTRACT wyjąte/c
A passage is a very narrow way, generally between two houses, or inside a house, like
a corridor. We can also use the word with the meaning of "sea passage", or with
the meaning of a short extract taken from a speech or a piece of writing.
WHAT DOES THE WORD "PASSAGE" MEAN ? - AND GIVE ME SOME
EXAMPLES. The word ... "a very narrow way" ... also ... For example,...
corridor... sea passage ... piece of writing...
STEER sterować, kierować
WHAT AM I PRETENDING TO DO ?/ You're pretending to steer a car, a
bicycle or a ship
ASIDE na bok, na boku DRAW ASIDE odciągnąć na bok
The word "aside" means "on one side" or "to one side".
WHAT DOES THE WORD "ASIDE" MEAN ? The word ... "on one ..."
DO YOU PUT MONEY ASIDE EACH WEEK FOR ANY SPECIAL PURPOSE?
Yes, I put money aside ... for a special purpose ... or... No, I don't...
1016 AT A PARTY, WHAT DOES IT MEAN WHEN A MAN DRAWS ANOTHER
MAN ASIDE FROM THE REST OF THE CROWD ?/ At a party, when a ... it means
he has something to say to him that he does not want the others to hear...
STICK-STUCK-STUCK PIN OPPOSITION
wetknąć, wbijać szpilka, przypiąć opozycja
WHAT DO WE DO WITH A STAMP? We stick a stamp on an envelope
WHAT DO WE DO WITH A PIN? We stick a pin into two pieces of paper or
cloth to hold them together. We also use a type of
pin for pinning notices onto notice-boards ...
WHAT'S THE PARADIGM OF "STICK" ? The paradigm ... stick - stuck - stuck ...
WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE SAY A MAN STICKS TO HIS OPINIONS ?/
When we say ... we mean his opinions remain fixed and he
refuses to change them against strong opposition
BORDER granica, skraj, graniczyć
ARE THE POLICE ALLOWED TO FOLLOW A CRIMINAL ACROSS THE
BORDERS OF THEIR OWN COUNTRY INTO ANOTHER COUNTRY ?
No, the police aren't...
1017 WHY NOT ? Because the police of one country have no right to enter another
country without the permission of that country
WHAT MUST THEY DO INSTEAD? They must ask the other country to help
them catch the criminal instead
WHAT DO WE GENERALLY FIND ALONG THE BORDERS OF A FIELD?/
We generally find a hedge or a fence along the ...
PATTERN wzór
DO YOU PREFER PLAIN CLOTHES OR CLOTHES WITH A PATTERN ON
THEM ? I prefer ...
WHO DO YOU THINK SHOULD BE MORE RESPONSIBLE FOR SETTING
THE CORRECT PATTERN OF BEHAVIOUR FOR A CHILD - ITS PARENTS
OR ITS TEACHERS ? I think a child's ... should be more responsible ...
WEAVE - WOVE - WOVEN tkać, knuć, pleść
WHAT AM I DOING?/ You're weaving the first finger of your right hand
over and under the fingers of your left
WHAT'S THE PARADIGM OF "WEAVE" ? The paradigm ... weave - wove - woven
WHAT KIND OF THINGS DO WE MAKE BY WEAVING ? We make cloth,
baskets etc. by weaving
1018 RUIN (S) ruina, ruiny FINANCIAL finansowy
HOW CAN DRINK CAUSE A PERSON'S FINANCIAL RUIN ?/ How drink can
cause a person's financial ruin depends a lot, of course, on the individual; but
a person who drinks constantly often smokes constantly, both of which habits
can be very expensive. Also a person who's constantly drunk can lose
his job or his position in society. On the other hand, some of the
wealthiest members of society are heavy smokers and drinkers
ARE THERE ANY OLD RUINS IN YOUR HOME TOWN ? Yes, there are
... or ... No, there aren't...
WHAT KIND ? HOW OLD ?
WHISPER szept, szeptać
WHAT AM I DOING ? You're whispering
WHY DO PEOPLE WHISPER? People whisper because they don't want others
to hear what they say
LAMP lampa
HOW DO YOU PREFER TO SEE A ROOM LIT - WITH OVERHEAD
LIGHTS OR WITH LAMPS ? I prefer to see a...
GARAGE garaż
1019 DO MOST PEOPLE IN YOUR TOWN KEEP THEIR CARS IN GARAGES
OR LEAVE THEM IN THE STREET? Most people in my ...
UNSCREW odkręcić (śrubę) ON RECEIPT OF po otrzymaniu...
DICTATION 90
We managed/ to unscrew the lid of the box/ with the point of a knife,/ and, instead of the
treasure/ we had expected to find inside,/ found nothing but a heap of coins,/ which, after
scraping away the dirt/ that had collected on them,/ we saw were not even very old./
Perhaps some thief? had already stolen/ whatever else had been inside./ On receipt of the
news,/ given us by an eye-witness,/ that our side had won the battle,/ there was great
rejoicing/ in the streets./1 scratched the back of my head,/ and fancied that some kind of
trick/ must have been employed/ in order to have got the licence,/ and so began to make
enquiries/ which I knew might be rather risky/ and lead to trouble.
LESSON 153
STIFF WORK PASTE REFUSAL
sztywny, twardy praca, pracować pasta odmowa
The word "stiff* means "not easily bent", like a stiff piece of wire, or a stiff neck from
reading too long; or it can mean "not easily worked", like a stiff paste. We can also
use the word figuratively. For example, "The man had a stiff manner".
WHAT DOES THE WORD "STIFF" MEAN ? - AND GIVE ME SOME
EXAMPLES. The word ... "not easily ...". For example, a stiff arm,
a stiff piece of card, a stiff refusal...
1020 ASTONISH zadziwiać, zdumiewać
WHAT DO PEOPLE SAY AND DO WHEN THEY ARE ASTONISHED ?/
When people are astonished, they open their eyes, and perhaps their mouths,
wide, raise their hands and say something like "Good heavens!"
BOUND granica, OUT OF BOUNDS BOUNDARY
odbić się, ograniczyć zakaz przekraczania granica/graniczny
IS SPAIN BOUNDED ON ALL SIDES BY THE SEA ? No, Spain isn't...
but a lot of it is
WHAT DOES IT MEAN WHEN WE SEE A SIGN SAYING "OUT OF
BOUNDS" ? When we see a... it means it is forbidden to go beyond that point...
HOW DOES ONE GENERALLY MARK THE BOUNDARY OF ONE'S
PROPERTY ?/ One generally marks ... with a boundary-wall, fence, hedge etc....
BEE STING - STUNG - STUNG SENSATION SLAP
pszczoła użądlić uczucie klaps, dawać klapsa
IODINE jodyna
WHAT'S A BEE LIKELY TO DO IF IT LANDS ON YOU WHILST YOU'RE
SUNBATHING AND YOU DISTURB IT ? If a bee lands on you whilst...
it's likely to sting you
1021 WHAT'S THE PARADIGM OF THE VERB "TO STING"? The paradigm ...
sting-stung-stung
FROM WHAT ELSE DO WE GET A STINGING SENSATION ?/ We get a
stinging sensation when someone slaps our face, or when we cut ourselves
and have to put some iodine on the cut to clean it... etc.
CURL 2700 zwinąć, falować, lok
WHAT DO WE CALL A PIECE OF HAIR THAT FORMS THE SHAPE OF
A RING? We call a piece of hair that ...a curl
CAN SMOKE CURL UPWARDS WHEN THERE'S A STRONG WIND?
No, smoke can't curl...
WHY NOT ? Because the wind straightens the smoke out and sends
it flying across the sky ...
STORE dom handlowy, VARIETY TINNED FOOD/
zapas, zaopatrywać różnorodność żywność w puszkach
A store is a shop which sells a great variety of goods. It can either be a very large shop
in the city, which sells food, clothes, furniture and almost anything you can think of;
or it can be a shop in a village, which sells all sorts of articles that the people in the
village might need - that is, anything from eggs to shoes. The word "store" is often
used in the plural.
1022 WHAT'S A STORE (OR STORES)? A store is a shop which sells a great
variety of goods. It can either...
The verb "to store" means to collect and keep for future use, whilst the noun "store"
means a collection of something or other for future use./
WHAT DOES THE VERB "TO STORE" MEAN ? The verb ... "to collect..."
AND THE NOUN? A collection of...
DO YOU (OR YOUR MOTHER OR YOUR WIFE) KEEP A STORE OF
TINNED FOOD AT HOME ? Yes, I keep a ... or ... No, I don't...
ATTEMPT próba MOUNTAINEER góral, alpinista, taternik
WAS MOUNT EVEREST CONQUERED AT THE FIRST ATTEMPT?/
No ... but many teams of mountaineers had attempted to climb it
for many years before it was finally conquered ...
BOW(n) BOW(v) BOW TIE RAINBOW
łuk, smyczek kłaniać się, schylać się muszka (na szyję) tęcza
1023 The noun "bow" and the verb "bow" are different in pronunciation. A "bow" (n) we
use for firing arrows, and to describe anything which is bow-shaped, such as a "bow
tie" or a "rainbow"; whilst the word "bow" (v) means to bend the body into the
shape of a "bow" (n), for example, when one bows before the king.
WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN "BOW" (n) AND "BOW" (v) ?/
The difference ... is that... for firing arrows ... to bend the body ...
STOVE piec RUN ON tu: ogrzewać
A stove can either be used for heating or for cooking, and can run on gas, electricity or
wood etc.
WHAT DO WE USE A STOVE FOR, AND WHAT DO WE RUN IT ON ?
We use a stove for ... and we run ...
CURRENT prąd, bieżący, aktualny
The word "current", apart from meaning the current of a river or of the sea, is also
used with the meaning of current events, and current opinions etc.
WHAT DOES THE WORD "CURRENT" MEAN ?/ The word "current", apart fiom...
STRETCH wydłużyć, naprężyć, wyciągać się
1024 The basic meaning of the word "stretch" is "extend".
WHAT'S THE BASIC MEANING OF THE WORD "STRETCH" ? The basic ...
WHAT AM I DOING? You're stretching yourself
WHAT AM I DOING ? You're stretching out your hand to take something
WHAT AM I TRYING TO DO? You're trying to stretch your tie, pullover, dress etc.
HOW FAR DOES THE ROAD OUTSIDE THIS BUILDING STRETCH ?
The road outside... stretches as far as...
AWKWARD CUPBOARD EMBARRASS /
niezgrabny kredens zakłopotać
The basic meaning of the word "awkward" is "difficult" or "having little skill".
WHAT'S THE BASIC MEANING OF THE WORD "AWKWARD" ? The basic...
WHY ARE SOME PEOPLE AWKWARD IN THEIR MOVEMENTS?
The reasons some people are ... could be many and various. Perhaps they
are suffering from an illness, or perhaps as a child they played very
little sport or the usual games that children play and so never
developed an easy movement of the body ...
1025 WHAT'S THE MOST AWKWARD THING YOU HAVE AT HOME-THAT IS,
THE MOST DIFFICULT THING TO USE, LIKE A CUPBOARD THAT WON'T
OPEN PROPERLY ?/ The most awkward ... is ...
WHAT HAS BEEN THE MOST AWKWARD MOMENT OF YOUR LIFE, THAT
IS, THE MOST EMBARRASSING MOMENT ? The most awkward ... was ...
WELL studnia
WHAT DO WE CALL A HOLE IN THE GROUND FROM WHICH WE GET
WATER ? We call a hole in ... a well
DECREASE maleć, spadać
WHAT'S THE OPPOSITE OF THE WORD "INCREASE"? The opposite of...
"decrease"
FAN kibic, miłośnik, wahlować
WHAT AM I DOING ? You're fanning yourself with your book
ARE YOU A FAN OF ANY FOOTBALL CLUB (OR FILM STAR ETC.)?/
Yes, I'm a fan ... or... No, I'm not a...
GOAT ROCKY HILLSIDE
koza skalisty, chwiejny stok
1026 TELL ME SOMETHING ABOUT GOATS (DESCRIBE THEM ETC.). Goats have
two horns, a beard, give milk, often live on mountains or rocky hillsides ...
PINCH szczypać, uszczypnąć
WHAT AM I DOING? You're pinching your cheek
WHY DID WOMEN IN THE OLD DAYS SOMETIMES PINCH THEIR CHEEKS ?
Women in the old ... pinched their cheeks in
order to bring some colour to their faces
PROPOSE proponować, oświadczyć się
"To propose" means to suggest or to intend, e.g. "This is the plan I propose", or,
"Next year they propose to go to Ireland for their holiday."
WHAT DOES "TO PROPOSE" MEAN ? "To propose" means ...
GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE OF EACH, PLEASE ! This is the ... and ... Next year...
DICTATION 91
The doctor gave Edward/ some liquid/ with which to bathe/ the lids of his eyes./ The
river descended slowly/ through a kind of chalk basin/ and only began/ to hasten itself/
when joined by a second river./ The boy had cut/ a branch off the tree/ with his knife,/
which had an edge on it/ like a razor,/ and was using it/ as a fishing rod./ It is very easy/
to be cheated/ and deceived,/ especially if one receives/ no warning./ One can think that/
what one has bought/ is quite without value./ 1 was urged/ to try and get on/ the town
council/ by my friends,/ but it would have been/ a great nuisance/ for me to have to
attend/ the meetings.
1027 LESSON 154
SWING - SWUNG - SWUNG TO AND FRO
huśtać się, kołysać tam i z powrotem
WHAT AM I DOING ? You're swinging your pen to and fro; holding it
between your finger and thumb
WHAT'S MY PEN DOING ? Your pen's swinging to and fro ...
BOWL czara, miska, kula SUGAR - BOWL cukierniczka
WHEN WE PUT SUGAR ON THE TABLE, WHAT DO WE CALL THE
CONTAINER IT'S IN? When we put... a sugar-bowl
FUN PLAYFULNESS FUNNY PUZZLE intrygować
zabawa, żart figlarność, swawolność śmieszny łamigłówka
JIGSAW układanka
1028 CARDBOARD CROSSWORD PUZZLE ACCOMPANY/
tektura, pudełka kartonowe krzyżówka towarzyszyć
CLUE trop, ślad
The word "fun" means amusement; sport; playfulness etc. For example, "It was
nothing serious; we just did it for fun."
WHAT DOES THE WORD' "FUN" MEAN ? - AND GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE.
The word ... "Our dog enjoys all kinds of fun and games"
The word "funny" has two meanings, either "amusing", in which case we laugh or
smile, for example, "Charlie Chaplin made some very funny films"; or "strange", in
which case we look puzzled, for example, "It's very funny that we haven't received a
letter from Richard for over a week. I wonder what has happened" /
WHAT DOES THE WORD "FUNNY" MEAN ? - AND GIVE ME EXAMPLES.
The word ... "He looks so funny; I can't keep a straight face whenever I look
at him" ... "It's very funny weather we're having for this time of year"
A jigsaw puzzle consists of many little pieces of wood or cardboard of different shapes
and sizes, which, when fitted slowly and correctly together, form a complete picture
of something.
A crossword puzzle, on the other hand, consists of a large square divided into many
small squares. Into each square we write a letter of the alphabet in order to form
words. Accompanying the large square is a list of clues, the answers to which
determine the words we form in the squares. For example, clue number one might
be "The capital of Japan (5 letters)", and so we write in the squares the word
"Tokyo"; or it might be "A queen of ancient Egypt (9 letters)", and we write the
word "Cleopatra". /
1029 WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A JIGSAW PUZZLE AND A
CROSSWORD PUZZLE ? ... consists of little pieces of wood... consists of a large square...
SWEAR - SWORE - SWORN EVIDENCE jawność, COPY (n)
przysiąc, kląć oczywistość, dowód kopia
Before a witness gives evidence in an English court of law, he is obliged to put his hand
on a copy of the Bible, or on a book of his own religion, and say, "I swear to tell the
truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth, so help me God."/
BEFORE A WITNESS GIVES EVIDENCE IN AN ENGLISH COURT OF LAW,
WHAT'S HE OBLIGED TO DO AND SAY ? Before a witness... he's obliged to put...
Another meaning of the verb "swear" is to use bad language. For example, some
people swear when they are angry or hurt.
WHAT'S ANOTHER MEANING OF THE VERB "SWEAR", AND WHEN DO
PEOPLE SWEAR ?/ Another meaning ... and people swear...
WHAT'S THE PARADIGM OF "SWEAR" ? The paradigm ... swear - swore - sworn
1030 BREATH BREATHE OUT OF BREATH
oddech, tchnienie oddech,powiewać bez tchu
WHAT AM I DOING ? You're breathing
AND WHAT'S THIS COMING OUT OF MY MOUTH? Your breath is coming...
The difference between "breath" and "breathe" is that "breath" is the noun whilst
"breathe" is the verb.
WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN "BREATH" AND "BREATHE"?/
The difference ... is that...
HOW LONG CAN YOU HOLD YOUR BREATH FOR ? I can hold my ...
WHY DO PEOPLE GET OUT OF BREATH? People get out of breath through
running, climbing the stairs ... etc.
STRIP obnażyć, STRIPE STRIPED UNDRESS SERGEANT
rozebrać pas pasiasty rozebrać się sierżant
WHAT'S ANOTHER WORD FOR "UNDRESS" ? Another word ... is "strip"
WHAT AM 1 ABOUT TO DO? You're about to tear a strip of paper
out of your book ...
DO YOU PREFER A STRIPED TIE OR A SPOTTED ONE ?/ I prefer a ...
1031 WHAT DOES IT MEAN WHEN WE SAY A SERGEANT IS STRIPPED
OF HIS STRIPES ? When we say a ... we mean that he has done something wrong
and in consequence loses his stripes and rank of sergeant
BURST PAPER BAG BURST INTO TEARS
wybuchnąć, wysadzić torebka papierowa rozpłakać się
WHAT AM I PRETENDING TO DO? You're pretending to blow up a paper bag
and burst it
WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN "TO CRY" AND "TO BURST INTO
TEARS" ?/ The difference ... is that a person can cry without trying to control himself,
whilst one generally bursts into tears after having tried to control oneself...
SWELL - SWELLED - SWELLED (OR SWOLLEN) puchnąć
SWELLING AREA INSECT FLOOD
opuchlizna obszar insekt powódz

WHAT USUALLY HAPPENS TO THAT AREA OF THE BODY WHERE A
BEE OR SOME OTHER INSECT HAS STUNG US? That area of the
body where ... usually swells
WHAT DO WE DO WITH THE SWELLING? We either do nothing and let it go
away by itself or put something on it - a cream or something ...
1032 WHAT'S THE PARADIGM OF "SWELL" ?/ The paradigm ... swell - swelled - swelled
(or swollen)
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A RIVER SWELLS AND BURSTS ITS BANKS ?
When a river ... the land around becomes flooded ...
TOWEL ręcznik
AFTER WASHING, WHAT DO WE WIPE OUR HANDS AND FACE ON ?
After washing we ... a towel
TOY zabawka
WHAT WAS YOUR FAVOURITE TOY AS A CHILD ? My favourite ... was ...
FRAME ramka FRAME OF MIND nastrój
WHAT DO WE CALL THE WOODEN OR METAL BORDER ROUND A
PICTURE OR WINDOW ?/ We call the wooden ... a frame
CAN YOU THINK OF ANOTHER USE OF THE WORD "FRAME" ? Yes, I
can think ... the frame of the human body
WHAT FRAME OF MIND DO YOU USUALLY FEEL IN WHEN YOU GO TO
WORK (OR TO SCHOOL) ? I usually feel in a... frame of mind when ...
1033 LUMP gruda, guz, kostka
DO YOU PREFER SOUP WITH LUMPS OF MEAT AND VEGETABLES IN IT,
OR DO YOU PREFER JUST PLAIN SOUP ?/ I prefer...
SHALLOW płytki, powierzchowny
WHAT'S THE CONTRARY OF "DEEP"? The contrary of... is shallow
TRAIN pociÄ…g
HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO TRAIN A DOCTOR ? It takes about... years
to train...
TRAY tacka
WHAT DO WE USE A TRAY FOR ? We use a tray to carry cups and
saucers etc., on...
CLAY glina
WHAT DO WE MAKE WITH CLAY ? We make cups, saucers, bowls etc.
with clay
CLERK urzędnik
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A CLERK?/ By a clerk we usually mean a man who
works with a pen in an office ...
1034 HOOK hak
WHAT DO WE USE A HOOK FOR ? We use a hook for hanging things on;
or we use it on the end of a line for catching fish with ...
RESIGN rezygnować
WHY DOES ONE RESIGN FROM ONE'S POST? One resigns from one's post
either because one has done something wrong, or because one
doesn't agree with the people one has to work with ...
TREMBLE drżeć
WHAT'S MY HAND DOING ? Your hand's trembling
WHAT MAKES PEOPLE TREMBLE? Fear makes people tremble
BERRY jagoda
WHAT CAN WE MAKE WITH BERRIES?/ We can make jam with berries
DITCH rów EXCESS nadmiar, nadwyżka
WHY DO THEY OFTEN PUT A DITCH ROUND A FIELD? They often put a
... to take away the excess water from the field ...
1035 PASTRY ciasto, klej
"Paste" is a mixture of flour and water etc., which is used either for making pastry
for cooking, or for sticking things together like paper on walls etc.
WHAT IS "PASTE", AND WHAT DO WE USE IT FOR ? "Paste" is a mixture
... and we use it either...
LESSON 155
STRICT ścisły, całkowity DISOBEY nie słuchać, być nieposłusznym
WHY MUST DISCIPLINE IN THE ARMY BE VERY STRICT ? Discipline in the...
because soldiers must be trained to behave, not as individuals, but as one
solid mass. For this reason the individual's personal wishes have to be strictly
controlled. He must be so conditioned to taking orders that, in the heat of battle,
he will be more afraid of disobeying an order than he will of the enemy,
and will behave not as an individual, but as part of a body ... etc.
Another meaning of the word "strict" is "exact".
WHAT'S ANOTHER MEANING OF THE WORD "STRICT" ? Another meaning
... is "exact"
GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE, PLEASE !/ "What you say is not strictly true"
1036 REVENGE2750 REPAY SATISFYING WRONG
odwet, zemsta, pomścić spłacać, zwrócić zadowalający z
le
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY THE EXPRESSION "REVENGE IS SWEET"?
By the expression ... that, when we have been wronged by somebod;
it is very pleasant and satisfying to repay the wrong, or in oth<
words to get our revenge against him; althougl
of course, it is not very civilized .
TRIP wycieczka
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A TRIP? By atrip we mean a short journey
DIVE nurkować ADVISABLE słuszny, roztropny
IS IT ADVISABLE TO DIVE INTO SHALLOW WATER? No, it isnt advisable to.
WHY NOT ?/ Because you'd hit your head on the bottom, perhaps drown ... etc
COMMITTEE komitet PARLIAMENTARY parlamentarny
A committee is a group of people appointed to attend to some kind of special business.
Usually this group is appointed by some larger group, to which it belongs. Foi
example, we have university committees, trade-union committees, parliamentary
committees, and so on.
1037 WHAT'S A COMMITTEE ? AND GIVE ME SOME EXAMPLES, PLEASE !
A committee is a ... Some examples are university committees ...
COUGH kaszel
WHAT AM I DOING ?/ You're coughing
REWARD nagroda
DO YOU THINK CHILDREN SHOULD BE GIVEN A REWARD FOR
BEHAVING THEMSELVES PROPERLY ? IF SO, WHAT KIND OF REWARD ?
OR DO YOU THINK CHILDREN SHOULD BE TAUGHT TO BEHAVE
CORRECTLY BECAUSE IT IS THE RIGHT THING TO DO AND NOT JUST
FOR THE SAKE OF RECEIVING A REWARD ? I think children ...
TWIST skręcić, zwinąć
WHAT AM I PRETENDING TO DO?/ You're pretending to twist a piece of paper
in your hands, perhaps so that it can be used to get a light from a fire
COMPLAIN skarżyć się TO ONE'S TASTE w czyimś smaku; guście
IN A RESTAURANT, WHEN THE FOOD IS EITHER NOT GOOD ENOUGH
OR NOT TO YOUR TASTE, DO YOU CALL THE WAITER AND COMPLAIN,
OR DO YOU JUST STAY QUIET AND EAT WHAT YOU'RE GIVEN ?
In a restaurant, when the food ... I...
1038 COWARD tchórz
WHY DO YOU SUPPOSE SOME PEOPLE ARE COWARDS WHILST OTHERS
ARE BRAVE ?/ I suppose the reason some people ... is that some people are ...
smaller, weaker, more afraid to die ...
RUST rdza, rdzewieć
WHAT HAPPENS TO IRON WHEN IT IS LEFT IN A DAMP ATMOSPHERE ?
When iron is left ... it rusts
STROKE głaskać, uderzyć, kreska
WHICH WOULD CUT DEEPER INTO WOOD: A STROKE FROM A SWORD
OR FROM AN AXE, AND WHY ? A stroke from an axe would cut deeper, as an
axe is heavier than a sword
HOW MANY STROKES OF THE PEN DOES IT TAKE TO FORM THE
CAPITAL LETTER "N" ?/ ... three ...
WHY DOES A CAT LIKE TO BE STROKED ? ... it is said that it probably
reminds it of when it used to be cleaned by its mother's tongue ...
ROAR ryknąć, wrzasnąć, ryk, huk
1039 WHAT KIND OF NOISE DOES A LION MAKE? The kind of noise ... is a
roaring noise
SHOWER prysznic
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A RAIN SHOWER ? By a rain shower we mean a
very short period of rain
WHICH DO YOU PREFER: A BATH OR A SHOWER ? 1 prefer a ...
SLOPE BRAKE STEEP
zbocze, stok hamować, hamulec stromy, urwisty
WILL A CAR STAND STILL ON A SLIGHT SLOPE WITHOUT ITS BRAKES
ON ? / No, a car won't stand ...
WHAT HAPPENS TO IT? It begins to slide (or roll) slowly down the slope
AND IF THE SLOPE IS VERY STEEP WHAT HAPPENS ? If the slope is ... the
car gathers speed and probably finishes up by crashing into
something and causing a fairly serious accident
SOIL gleba, ziemia
IS THE SOIL DEEP ON THE SIDE OF A MOUNTAIN ? No ... but it's shallow
or thin
WHY? / Because it gets carried away by the rain ...
1040 COAT OF ARMS DESIGN SHIELD
herb projektować tarcza
A coat of arms is a design, generally in the shape of a shield, used by a noble family, a
town or a university etc. as its symbol.
WHAT'S A COAT OF ARMS? A coat of arms is a ...
BLEED - BLED - BLED krwawić
WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE SAY THAT SOMEBODY BLEEDS TO
DEATH ?/ When we say that... we mean that, being so badly injured or
wounded, they lose so much blood that they die
WHAT'S THE PARADIGM OF "BLEED" ?/ The paradigm ... bleed - bled - bled
SPIT - SPAT - SPAT pluć
IS IT FORBIDDEN TO SPIT IN THE STREETS IN THIS COUNTRY ?
Yes, it's forbidden ... or... No, it isn't...
WHAT'S THE PARADIGM OF "SPIT"? The paradigm ... spit-spat-spat
RICE ryż
1041 IN WAR TIME, WHY ARE MESSAGES SOMETIMES WRITTEN ON RICE
PAPER ?/ In war time, the reason messages ... is that, if the messenger
gets caught by the enemy, he can eat the message
TYPEWRITER maszyna do pisania
WHAT DO WE USE A TYPEWRITER FOR? We use a typewriter for typing
COMB czesać
HOW MANY TIMES A DAY DO YOU COMB YOUR HAIR ? I comb my
hair about... a day
RUBBER RUB OUT TYRE
guma wytrzeć, wymazać opona
WHAT DO WE USE RUBBER FOR? We use rubber for making car or bicycle
tyres etc., and for rubbing out mistakes if we are working in pencil...
DAYBREAK świt, brzask INKY atramentowy
DICTATION 92
The girl's eyebrows and eyelashes/ were very dark,/ whereas her hair was fair./ The
sailors' ship/ had been wrecked/ near the shore of the island,/ and they managed to walk/
to the land/ in the pale light/ of a silvery moon,/ as the water was only/ waist deep./ Next
morning at daybreak/ they came across/ some of the natives/ of the island - / strange-
looking people/ with feathers in their hair;/ one of them/ with an inky black monkey/ on
one shoulder,/ which was tearing at a small bunch/ of bananas/ the native was holding in
his hand./ This man, it appeared,/ was addressed by the others/ with some kind of title,/
and it seemed/ that they spoke to him/ with great caution,/ afraid perhaps of his temper/
and the punishment/ he was able to order for them/ with a mere word.
1042 LESSON 156
RIBBON wstążka, taśma TIE UP zawiązać
WHAT DO WE USE RIBBON FOR ? We use ribbon for tying up presents. A girl
uses it to tie up her hair, and we also use it in a typewriter
STUFF materiał, surowiec MANUFACTURE produkować, wyrabiać
The word "stuff1' we use for anything liquid or solid, raw or manufactured, and esp-
ecially anything for which we cannot think of the name at the moment of speaking.
For example, in a shop we might say "I wonder if you have any of that stuff used for
fixing glass in a window ?"
WHAT DO WE USE THE WORD "STUFF" FOR ?/ We use the word "stuff1 for...
ROAST piec OVEN piekarnik
HOW DO WE ROAST MEAT? ...by holding it before or over a fire, or by
putting it in an oven
1043 TRUNK DESTINATION SEPARATELY TRUNK-ROAD
pień, tułów przeznaczenie osobno szosa główna
CALL rozmowa telefoniczna, wołać
TRUNK - CALL tel. rozmowa długodystansowa
WHAT DO WE CALL THE MAIN PART OF THE BODY, THAT IS, THE
BODY WITHOUT HEAD, ARMS OR LEGS ? We call the main ... the trunk
CONSEQUENTLY, WHAT IS A TREE TRUNK ?/ A tree trunk is the main
part or body of a tree
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A TRUNK USED FOR TRAVELLING? By a trunk
used ... we mean a large, strong box (often wooden) in which
we put the main part of our clothing when we travel. We usually
send it on to our destination separately, whilst we
ourselves just travel with a suitcase.
The word "trunk" therefore we generally use for the main part of anything. For
example, a trunk-road is a main road, whilst a trunk-call on the telephone is a long-
distance call. We also call an elephant's nose a trunk
WHAT ARE THE OTHER USES OF THE WORD "TRUNK" ?/ The other uses of
... are ... trunk-road ... trunk-call...
SHELL muszla, pancerz OUTER zewnętrzny
1044 WHAT DO WE CALL THE OUTER COVERING OF AN EGG OR A NUT ?
We call the outer... the shell
SOW - SOWED - SOWED (OR SOWN) siać
AT WHAT TIME OF THE YEAR DOES THE FARMER SOW HIS WHEAT
SEED IN YOUR COUNTRY-AND HOW DOES HE SOW IT?/ The fanner
sows his ... in ... - and he sows it... by machine ...
WHAT'S THE PARADIGM OF "SOW"? The paradigm ... sow - sowed - sowed
(or sown)
WRAP pakować, owijać WRAP UP zapakować
WHAT AM I DOING ? You're wrapping ...
WHAT DO WE USE TO WRAP UP A PARCEL? We use cardboard, paper,
string etc. to wrap up a parcel
DO YOU WRAP UP WELL WHEN YOU GO OUT IN COLD WEATHER ?/ Yes, I
wrap up ... or... No, I don't...
BRIBE łapówka
1045 IF YOU WERE IN A HIGH POSITION, WOULD YOU ACCEPT BRIBES?
Yes, if I were in ... or... No, if I were ...
THREATEN zagrozić, zagrażać THREAT groz
ba, pogróżka
WHAT AM I DOING ? You're threatening to hit somebody with your hand
HAS ANYBODY EVER THREATENED YOU WITH A KNIFE OR A GUN ?
Yes, somebody has ... or... No, nobody has ever ...
WHAT HAPPENED ? OR, WHAT'D YOU DO IF THEY DID ?/ ... If they did,
I'd give them whatever they wanted ...
ACCORDING TO THE LAW IN YOUR COUNTRY, DO YOU KNOW IF
A THREAT IS CONSIDERED AS SERIOUS AS AN ACTUAL DEED ? - IN
OTHER WORDS, IF A MAN THREATENS TO KILL ANOTHER MAN, DOES
A COURT OF LAW CONSIDER THAT AS SERIOUS AS IF THE MAN HAD
ACTUALLY COMMITTED THE DEED ? According to the law in my ...
CHEST kufer, DRAWER CHEST OF DRAWERS
skrzynia, klatka piersiowa szuflada komoda
WHERE ARE THE HEART AND LUNGS SITUATED IN THE BODY ?/
The heart and lungs are situated in the chest...
1046 A chest is also a large, strong box, usually made of wood, which we use for storing
things in, like clothes, tools, medicine, money etc. A chest of drawers is a chest with
drawers in it. It is usually a piece of furniture in which we keep clothes.
WHAT'S ANOTHER MEANING OF THE WORD "CHEST"; AND WHAT IS A
CHEST OF DRAWERS ? Another meaning of... is "a large, strong ...",
whilst a chest of drawers is ...
CROP 2800 plon, zbiór
WHAT KIND OF CROPS DO THEY GROW WHERE YOU LIVE ?/ The kind
of crops ... are ...
STOCK STOCK SIZE IN STOCK
zapas normalny rozmiar w zapasie
OUT OF STOCK CURE STOCK - CAR
zapas wyczerpany leczyć, kurować, lekarstwo zwykły samochód
The word "stock" means "a store of goods", but when used as an adjective, it means
"regular, normal, usual" etc.
WHAT DOES THE WORD "STOCK" MEAN ? The word "stock" means ...
1047 DO MEN'S CLOTHES SHOPS SOMETIMES STOCK WOMEN'S CLOTHES
AS WELL; AND VICE VERSA ?/ Yes, men's clothes shops ... or ... No, men's ...
SUPPOSING A PERSON IS STOCK SIZE AND HE GOES TO BUY CLOTHES
FROM A SHOP, DO YOU THINK HE'S MORE LIKELY TO FIND HIS SIZE
IN STOCK THAN IF HE WERE AN EXCEPTIONALLY BIG PERSON OR AN
EXCEPTIONALLY SMALL PERSON ? Yes, supposing a person is ... I think ...
WHAT'S THE OPPOSITE OF "IN STOCK"? The opposite ... "out of stock"
WHAT'S THE STOCK CURE FOR A HEADACHE OR FOR A COMMON
COLD ?/ The stock cure for a headache is to lie down and take a pill,
whilst for a cold it is to go to bed and take medicine ...
Stock-car racing is racing in which the kind of car that is used is not a special racing
car but basically a normal car made for the road.
WHAT'S STOCK-CAR RACING ? Stock-car racing is ...
COPPER miedz
, miedziak REDDISH czerwonawy
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY COPPER-COLOURED HAIR? By copper-coloured
hair we mean hair which is the colour of
copper; that is, a reddish brown colour
1048 SOAP mydło
WHAT'S THE NAME OF THE SOAP YOU GENERALLY USE? The name of... is
SPADE Å‚opata
WHAT DO WE USE A SPADE FOR ?/ We use a spade for digging
BRASS mosiÄ…dz
WHAT COLOUR'S BRASS ? Brass is a yellowish golden colour
BUCKET wiadro, kubeł
WHAT DO WE USE A BUCKET FOR ? We use a bucket for carrying water, sand
and so on in
MECHANIC mechanik MECHANICAL mechaniczny
WHAT KIND OF WORK DOES A MECHANIC DO? A mechanic repairs machines ...
WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE SAY WE DO SOMETHING IN A
MECHANICAL MANNER ? When we say we ... we mean we do it as if we were a
machine, or were like a machine; in other words,
without thinking about what we're doing
1049 DICTATION 93 SWITCH (n) trzasnąć, kierować, przełączyć
The cinema queue/ extended down the street/ and curved round the corner./ It was one of
those rare films which can be enjoyed/ by different types of people./ The knife was not
sharp enough/ to cut the piece of raw meat./ We were relieved to find the baggage/ where
we had left it./ George touched the light switch/ and got a shock/ from the electric
current./ The racecourse had been closed/ for a whole season./ In the shadows,/ leaning
against a wooden beam,/ was a ladder./ A piece of straw/ is really the stem of a wheat
plant./ If you give me/ a needle and thread,/ I will sew up the hole/ in your shirt./ A
nurse's job/ is to help to heal people/ who are sick.
LESSON 157
SHELTER schronienie
WHAT IS A SHELTER ? A shelter is a small construction, built for protection
against the weather. For example, at a bus stop we might find a small
construction of some kind which shelters us from the wind and rain
whilst we are waiting for a bus. This is called a bus shelter
AVENUE aleja
An avenue is a road with trees on either side, or it can be a wide street (with or
without trees) with buildings on either side.
WHAT'S AN AVENUE ? An avenue is a...
1050 BREADTH szerokość
WHAT'S THE NOUN OF THE WORD "BROAD" ? The noun of... is breadth ...
BUNDLE tobołek, plik
A bundle is a number of articles or objects fastened together. For example, a
bundle of sticks, or a bundle of clothes./
WHAT'S A BUNDLE? A bundle is a ...
ANYHOW byle jak, w każdym razie ADMIT przyjąć, przyznać
Three examples of the use of the word "anyhow" are as follows:-
1) Anyhow, you must admit he's a bit of a fool (meaning "in any case, at least").
2) He's such a careless worker, he does things just anyhow ("carelessly").
3) I've tried very hard, but I can't get it to work anyhow ("in any way whatever").
GIVE ME THREE EXAMPLES OF THE USE OF THE WORD "ANYHOW",
PLEASE ! Three examples of... are 1)...
SAW piła
A saw is a tool used for cutting (or sawing) wood or metal etc.
1051 WHAT'S A SAW?/ A saw is a...
COTTAGE dom na wsi
WHAT IS A COTTAGE? A cottage is generally thought of as a small house
in the country
FLAVOUR smak,zapach ICE-CREAM lody
WHAT'S YOUR FAVOURITE FLAVOUR OF ICE-CREAM ? My favourite ... is ...
CROWN korona
WHAT DOES A KING WEAR ON HIS HEAD FOR CEREMONIAL OCCASIONS?
A king wears a crown on his...
CURTAIN zasłona DRAW THE CURTAINS zaciągnąć zasłony
WHEN AND WHY DO PEOPLE DRAW THEIR CURTAINS ? People draw...
when it's dark and when they switch their lights on, because they
don't want people from outside to see into their room ...
FUR futro
"Fur" is the thick, soft hair of animals like that on a cat.
WHAT IS "FUR" ? "Fur" is the ...
1052 STRAP rzemyk STRIP (n) WRIST-WATCH
taśma, pasek, przywiązać pasek, taśma, listwa zegarek na rękę
A strap is a strip of leather or some such material. We use a strap, for example, for a
wrist-watch.
WHAT'S A STRAP, AND WHAT DO WE USE IT FOR?/ A strap is a... and
we use...
WHY DO PEOPLE STRAP THEMSELVES INTO A CAR ? People strap ... so that
if there is an accident, they will not be thrown about... etc.
CUSHION poduszka
WHY AND FOR WHAT DO WE USE A CUSHION? We use a cushion to sit
on or kneel on ... to cover a hard surface and
make us feel more comfortable ... etc.
SUCK ssać
WHAT AM I DOING? You're sucking your thumb, or the end of your pen
AT ABOUT WHAT AGE DO CHILDREN USUALLY STOP SUCKING THEIR
THUMBS ?/ Children usually stop ... at about...
1053 FATE zguba, przeznaczenie EXTRAORDINARY niezwykły
AS THOUGH (OR, AS IF) jak gdyby DESTINY przeznaczenie, los
By fate we mean that the events of our lives are not controlled or determined by
ourselves, no matter how hard we try, but by some power beyond ourselves...
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY FATE ? By fate we ...
Napoleon believed in fate, or destiny. Probably because his life was so eventful, and
the events so extraordinary, with so much depending on mere chance, that it must
have seemed to him as though he were in the hands of fate.
WHY DOES A MAN LIKE NAPOLEON BELIEVE IN FATE ?/ A man like ...
because his life is so eventful...
WHAT EVENTUALLY WAS NAPOLEON'S FATE? Napoleon's fate was
eventually to be defeated in battle
MEANTIME tymczasem, w międzyczasie
GIVE ME A SENTENCE WITH THE WORD "MEANTIME". If, in the meantime,
it starts to rain, we shan't go
PERCENTAGE procent, odsetek PER CENT od stu, procent
1054 WHAT PERCENTAGE OF THE POPULATION DO YOU THINK SMOKES ?
I think about... per cent of ...
SWEEP - SWEPT - SWEPT BROOM
zamiatać miotła
WHAT DO WE SWEEP THE FLOOR WITH?/ We sweep ... a broom
SWALLOW połykać
WHAT'S THE DANGER OF LETTING A BABY SUCK THINGS, LIKE COINS
AND OTHER BITS OF METAL? The danger of... is that it might swallow them
OUNCE (oz.) POUND (Ib.) STONE (st.)
uncja funt 14 funtów
HUNDREDWEIGHT (cwt.) cetnar = 112 funtów TON tona
16 OUNCES = 1 Pound (453.6 grams)
14 POUNDS = 1 Stone
8 STONES = 1 Hundredweight
20 HUNDREDWEIGHTS = 1 Ton
1055 HOW MANY OUNCES MAKE A POUND ? 16 ounces make a pound
HOW MANY POUNDS MAKE A STONE ?/ 14 pounds ...
HOW MANY STONES MAKE A HUNDREDWEIGHT ? 8 stones ...
HOW MANY HUNDREDWEIGHTS MAKE A TON ? 20 hundredweights
make a ton
HOW MANY GRAMS ARE THERE IN A POUND? There are 453.6 (453
point 6) grams in a pound
WHAT ARE THE SIGNS FOR OUNCE; POUND; STONE AND The signs
HUNDREDWEIGHT ? ... are oz., Ib., St., and cwt....
NEGLECT zaniedbać DECAY niszczyć, gnić, chylić się ku upadkowi
WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU NEGLECT TO CLEAN YOUR TEETH EACH DAY?/
If you neglect... they will decay ...
RATE proporcja, tempo, stawka
AT WHAT RATE DO YOU THINK THE AVERAGE PERSON WALKS ? I think
the... at about 4 miles (about 6.5 kilometres) per hour perhaps
1056 PATIENCE cierpliwość PATIENT cierpliwy, wytrzymały
DO YOU AGREE THAT PATIENCE IS A VIRTUE ? Yes, I agree that... or...
No, I don't...
ARE YOU PATIENT ? Yes, I'm ... or... No, I'm not...
HAVE YOU EVER BEEN A PATIENT IN A HOSPITAL ? Yes, I've been ... or
... No, I've never...
REFRESH odświeżyć REFRESHMENT odświeżenie, zakąska
HOW DOES ONE REFRESH ONESELF?/ One refreshes oneself by eating,
sleeping and drinking
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY REFRESHMENTS ? By refreshments we mean food
and drink
WHAT ARE THE REFRESHMENTS LIKE IN THE REFRESHMENT ROOM AT
THE STATION OF YOUR HOME TOWN ? The refreshments in the refreshment
room at... are ... quite good ...
PAUSE 285° pauza, przerwa
DO YOU LIKE PEOPLE WHO GO ON TALKING WITHOUT A PAUSE FOR
HOURS AND HOURS ?/ Yes, I like ... or ... No, I don't... or... I don't
mind ... if they are interesting
1057 JEWEL klejnot, kamień MONARCH monarcha
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY THE CROWN JEWELS OF ENGLAND? By the
Crown Jewels ... we mean the jewels which belong to the
monarch and which are kept for safety in the Tower of London
DELIGHT zachwycić się, ucieszyć się
WHAT KIND OF WORK DELIGHTS YOU MOST ? The kind of work which... is...
PRESSURE ciśnienie, nacisk
TELL ME WHAT YOU KNOW ABOUT HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE?
High blood pressure ... can be caused by overeating, not enough exercise ...
BEAST zwierzÄ™, bestia
NAME A WILD BEAST. The lion, the tiger...
POINT punkt, sedno SCREEN (v) ekran, zasłona, zasłonić
DICTATION 94
As we sat on our caps/ on the slightly damp grass,/ in the shade of a tree,/ screened from
the wind/ by a thick hedge,/ we ate our sandwiches/ and drank fruit juice,/ which cheered
us up,/ even to the point of telling each other jokes./ We had hunted all that morning/ but
with little success,/ as our aim on occasions/ had not been very straight./ Sometimes we
had fired our guns/ without realizing/ that they had not been loaded;/ and so, apart from a
rabbit/ that we had caught in a trap,/ we had very little to show/ for our efforts./ We
continued eating our cheese sandwiches/ until our jaws began to ache,/ and thought of the
soup and meat/ that awaited us at home.
1058 LESSON 158
ABSENCE nieobecność
WHAT DOES IT MEAN: "ABSENCE MAKES THE HEART GROW FONDER" ?
"Absence makes ..." means that, if we don't see a person for
some time, we feel more fond of him ...
DO YOU AGREE ? Yes, I agree ... or... No, I don't agree ....
ABSOLUTELY absolutnie "czywiście
IS THERE ANYTHING YOU'RE ABSOLUTELY SURE OF, BESIDES DEATH ?
Yes, there's something ... or ... No, there isn't...
WHAT?
BACKBONE kręgosłup RUN biec
WHAT'S THE BACKBONE? The backbone is the bone that runs down the
middle of the back
WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE SAY THAT A MAN HAS NO BACKBONE?/
When we say... we mean that he is weak in character and has no courage...
1059 CALCULATE kalkulować
WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE SAY SOMEONE IS CALCULATING ?
When we say... we mean he has little feeling for others, or
that he calculates and plans everything in advance ...
CANAL kanał SHIPPING flota handlowa, statki
WHAT IS A CANAL ? WHAT IS IT USED FOR ? AND NAME A FAMOUS
CANAL. A canal is a sort of man-made river used for shipping. A famous canal
is the Panama Canal (or the Suez Canal)
CAPITAL kapitał
WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN WE TALK ABOUT CAPITAL FOR STARTING
A BUSINESS?/ When we talk... we mean the money required in order to rent a
place (office, shop etc.), furnish it, pay for advertising ... etc.
IMITATE naśladować GROWN UP dorosły
WHY DO CHILDREN IMITATE THEIR PARENTS ? Children imitate ... because
it's a natural way of learning, and children like to
pretend that they too are grown up...
1060 IMMENSE ogromny, niezmierny
DO YOU THINK ITS RIGHT THAT CERTAIN PEOPLE SHOULD BE ALLOWED
TO POSSESS IMMENSE PERSONAL WEALTH ? Yes, I think it's ... or...
No, I don't...
DO YOU THINK YOUR OPINION WOULD CHANGE IF YOU YOURSELF
SUDDENLY CAME INTO POSSESSION OF IMMENSE PERSONAL WEALTH ?/
Yes, I think my ... or... No, I don't think ...
JOY radość
WHAT'S THE GREATEST JOY OF YOUR DAILY LIFE? The greatest joy of... is...
QUALIFY określić, zdobyć kwalifikacje
HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE A PERSON TO QUALIFY AS A DOCTOR ?
It takes a person about... years to ...
SACRED poświęcony, święty
WHICH ANIMAL'S SACRED IN INDIA ? The cow is sacred in India
SACRIFICE poświęcenie, ofiara LESSEN zmniejszać, skrócić
WHY DID PEOPLE IN THE OLD DAYS MAKE SACRIFICES TO THE GODS ?/
People in the... to thank them; to lessen the anger of the gods, etc.
1061 WHAT'S THE BIGGEST SACRIFICE YOU'VE EVER MADE IN YOUR LIFE?
The biggest sacrifice I've ... was ...
GAY wesoły, barwny
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY GAY COLOURS? By gay colours, we mean bright colours
INSTANT natychmiastowy, moment
DO YOU ANSWER LETTERS THE INSTANT YOU RECEIVE THEM, OR DO
YOU WAIT A DAY OR TWO ?/ I answer... or... I wait...
ORNAMENT ornament, ozdoba PURELY....czysto, wyłącznie, całkowicie
DO YOU BELIEVE THAT EVERY PIECE OF FURNITURE IN A ROOM
SHOULD HAVE A USE, OR DO YOU BELIEVE THAT CERTAIN PIECES
CAN BE PURELY ORNAMENTAL? I believe that...
PEARL perła
WHAT'S A PEARL DIVER? A pearl diver is a person, often a woman, who dives
down to the bottom of the sea in order to look for pearls
which are found in certain kinds of shellfish ...
1062 EXPLORE odkrywać, badać UNIVERSE/ wszechświat
DO YOU BELIEVE THAT ONE DAY MAN WILL BE ABLE TO EXPLORE
THE WHOLE OF THE UNIVERSE ? Yes, I believe that... or... No, I don't...
ACCUSE oskarżać
WHAT WOULD YOU DO IF YOU WERE WRONGLY ACCUSED OF A
CRIME ? If I were wrongly ... I'd try to get a good lawyer to defend me ...
DICTATION 95
William lit a match/ and, heating the wax with it,/ put the melted wax/ over the knots/ on
the coarse string/ round the parcel,/ accidentally dropping/ some of the wax on the rug./
Jane had been out shopping all day./ Refusing to hire a car,/ she had walked
everywhere/ and, now, where the bare flesh of her feet/ had been rubbing against her
shoes,/ she felt quite sore, which made her earnestly regret/ not having hired a car./ The
surface of the water/ lay like a sheet of glass/ and the distant bank/ was veiled in
darkness./ Beyond this, all was silent./ The soldiers stood/ in order of rank,/ waiting for
the command/ to attack the enemy's castle,/ which was like a small dot in the distance.
LESSON 159
PATRIOTISM NATIONALISM DISTINCTION
patriotyzm nacjonalizm różnica, wyróżnienie się
1063 PATRIOT DEFENCE NATIONALIST DIMMISH
patriota obrona nacjonalista zmniejszać
Patriotism and nationalism often appear similar in meaning, but perhaps we could
make a distinction by saying that patriotism is more the love of one's country, whilst
nationalism is often the hatred of another country. A patriot will die in the defence
of his country, whereas a nationalist will die in attacking another country.
HOW PERHAPS MIGHT WE DEFINE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
PATRIOTISM AND NATIONALISM ?/ We might perhaps ... by saying that
patriotism is more the love of one's own country, whilst
nationalism is often the hatred of another country ...
DO YOU AGREE WITH SUCH A DEFINITION ? Yes, I agree... or...
No, I dont agree...
DO YOU THINK THERE'S MORE PATRIOTISM THAN NATIONALISM IN
YOUR COUNTRY OR IN THE WORLD GENERALLY? Yes, I think there's
... or... No, I don't think...
DO YOU THINK NATIONALISM IS INCREASING OR DIMINISHING IN
THE WORLD THESE DAYS ?/ I think nationalism is ... in the world these days
GLORY chwała
WHAT DO SOLDIERS MEAN BY "DEATH OR GLORY"? By "Death or Glory"
soldiers mean that they will either die in battle or will win
the battle; but will never accept defeat...
1064 PERMANENT TEMPORARY PICK (fruit)
stały tymczasowy zbierać (owoce)
WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A PERMANENT JOB AND A
TEMPORARY ONE ? - AND GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE OF EACH.
The difference ... is that a permanent job is one that can last for years,
like that of an office-clerk, whilst a temporary job is just for a
short period of time, like fruit-picking during harvest time...
PERMIT (v) pozwolić, zezwolić PERMIT (n) pozwolenie
HOW OLD MUST A PERSON BE BEFORE HE'S LEGALLY PERMITTED TO
DRIVE A CAR, BUY CIGARETTES, OR DRINK ALCOHOL IN THIS
COUNTRY ?/ A person must be...
DO YOU THINK THAT'S REASONABLE ? Yes, I think that's... or... No, I don't...
WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE IN PRONUNCIATION BETWEEN "PERMIT"
USED AS A VERB AND "PERMIT" USED AS A NOUN? The difference... is
that, as a verb, the stress is on the second
syllable, whilst as a noun, it's on the first
REDUCE zredukować
WHAT DO YOU THINK'S THE BEST WAY TO REDUCE ONE'S WEIGHT?
I think the best... is to ...
SCENERY sceneria, otoczenie
WHAT KIND OF SCENERY DO YOU PREFER ? The kind of scenery ... is ...
mountain scenery...
ADMISSION wstęp GALLERY galeria
DO YOU THINK THAT ADMISSION TO MUSEUMS, ART GALLERIES ETC.,
OUGHT TO BE FREE AND THAT THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD PAY TO
MAINTAIN SUCH PLACES ?/ Yes, I think that... or... No, I don't...
BARBER POLE SURGICAL
fryzjer męski biegun, pal, Polak, Polka chirurgiczny
WHAT WAS THE OLD SIGN FOR A BARBER'S SHOP ? The old sign ... was a
red and white striped pole which was hung outside the barber's shop
WHAT DID THE COLOUR RED REPRESENT, AND WHY ? The colour red
represented blood, because in the old days the barber, apart from
cutting hair, also used to perform small surgical operations
ELASTIC elastyczny
WHAT DO WE USE ELASTIC BANDS FOR ? We use ... for wrapping round things
like banknotes etc., in order to keep them together
ENCOURAGE zachęcić
HOW CAN WE ENCOURAGE PEOPLE TO STUDY ?/ We can encourage ... by
offering them a reward, or by explaining that the
more we know, the easier life can become...
GRACE wdzięk, gracja GRACEFUL wdzięczny, pełen wdzięku
WHICH DO YOU THINK'S THE MOST GRACEFUL ANIMAL IN ITS
MOVEMENTS ? I think the ... is the most...
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY "THE GRACE OF GOD"? By "the grace of God" we
mean that God will favour us and give us what we wish ...
290
LIBERTY STATUE TORCH °
wolność, swoboda statua latarka
WHERE'S THE STATUE OF LIBERTY? The statue of... is at the entrance of
New York harbour
1067 DESCRIBE IT./ It's a huge statue of a woman representing freedom, which was given
to America by France. In one hand Liberty holds a lighted torch ...
TEMPT DONKEY CARROT
nęcić, kusić osioł marchewka
WHAT'S THE CLASSIC WAY OF TEMPTING A DONKEY TO MOVE ?
The classic way of... is by tying a carrot onto the end of a piece of string, then
tying the other end of the string onto the end of a stick, and hanging the
carrot just in front of the donkey's nose so that he is tempted to
move forward to take it. As the stick's tied to the donkey's
own back, the carrot will move forward with the donkey,
and so the donkey has to move forward again and
again and, of course, he never reaches the carrot
FIRMNESS RUDENESS WHIP (v)
stanowczość, stałość, jędrność niegrzeczność bat, bicz
DICTATION 96
As the blade of the oar/ dipped into the water,/ it hit the side/ of the strange-looking
vessel,/ which was shaped like a saucer/ and seemed to be made of cork./ The chickens
wander about/ pecking and biting at plants./ Remaining seated in the saddle,/ the rider
produced the parcel/ and the message/ from under his huge cape./ The poor tailor worked
day and night,/ despite having a fever./ His cheeks had become hollow/ and the flesh on
his face/ had lost its firmness./ The chief of the tribe/ ordered the men to be whipped/ for
their shameful behaviour./ Some begged for mercy,/ but the chief would not yield./ The
court blamed the accident/ and the prisoner's rudeness,/ on the fact that/ the prisoner was
over-fond of drink.
1068 LESSON 160
GUIDE przewodnik HISTORIC historyczny
WHEN YOU VISIT A PLACE OF HISTORIC INTEREST DO YOU PREFER
TO HAVE A GUIDE ? Yes, when I... or... No, when I...
WHY OR WHY NOT?
ENGINEER inżynier
WHAT KIND OF WORK DOES AN ENGINEER DO? The kind of work ... is
building houses, bridges, ships etc....
GRATEFUL wdzięczny
WHAT KIND OF GIFT WOULD YOU BE MOST GRATEFUL TO RECEIVE ?/
The kind of gift I'd be ... would be ...
URGENT pilny
WHAT DOES IT MEAN WHEN A PARCEL OR A LETTER ETC. IS MARKED
"URGENT" ? When a parcel or... it means that the person who's sending
it wants it to arrive and be attended to as soon as possible
DEPARTMENT wydział
WHICH DEPARTMENT OF A LARGE STORE WOULD YOU PREFER TO
WORK IN ? The department of... I'd prefer to ... would be the ... department
1069 EXPLODE eksplodować
WHAT'S ANOTHER WORD FOR "BLOW UP" ?/ Another word ... is "explode"
PRECIOUS cenny
WHAT DO YOU THINK'S THE MOST PRECIOUS THING ON EARTH, OR
THAT YOU PERSONALLY POSSESS ? I think the most... is ...
HESITATE wahać się
WHAT DOES IT MEAN: "HE WHO HESITATES: IS LOST" ? - AND GIVE ME
AN EXAMPLE, PLEASE !/ "He who..." means that, although, generally speaking,
it is better to think carefully before making a decision, there are certain occasions
in life when, if we hesitate, we lose our courage. For example, to dive into
cold water in a swimming pool, especially from a high diving-board,
needs a bit of courage, particularly if one's not used to it, and the
more one hesitates the more difficult it becomes to do...
PUMP pompa, pompować
WHAT DO WE USE A PUMP FOR ? We use a pump to pump water or air etc. into
or out of something. For example, when we pump up
a football, or pump water out of a boat
1070 TOTAL całkowity, kompletny BILLION miliard
WHAT'S THE TOTAL POPULATION OF THE WORLD ? The total... about
... billion...
HALLO HELLO HULLO cześć
WHAT ARE THE THREE SPELLINGS OF THE WORD "HALLO" ? The three
... are...
REPRODUCE reprodukować, odtwarzać REPRODUCTION reprodukcja
DO YOU PREFER TO SEE ORIGINAL, BUT THIRD CLASS, PAINTINGS
HANGING ON THE WALLS IN A HOUSE, OR GOOD REPRODUCTIONS OF
GREAT AND FAMOUS MASTERPIECES ? I prefer to see ...
TUBE SQUEEZE TOOTHPASTE
rura, wąż, tubka ścisnąć pasta do zębów
ARE YOU THE TYPE OF PERSON WHO SQUEEZES A TUBE OF
TOOTHPASTE IN THE MIDDLE, OR DO YOU PRESS IT AT THE END OF
THE TUBE ? I'm the type of person ...
1071 DISGUST wstręt, odraza, budzić wstręt
WHAT DISGUSTS YOU MORE THAN ANYTHING ELSE ? The thing that
disgusts ... is ... bad manners ...
COLLAR kołnierzyk
WHAT'S THIS?/ It's the collar of your....
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A WHITE-COLLAR WORKER? By a white-collar
worker we mean someone who works wearing a white collar;
that is, has a clean job, such as in an office
CONGRATULATE gratulować
ON WHAT KIND OF OCCASIONS DO WE CONGRATULATE PEOPLE ?
The kind of... are when they have won a
prize, passed an exam, got married etc.
SOLEMN uroczysty, solenny
ON WHAT KIND OF OCCASIONS DO PEOPLE SPEAK SOLEMNLY AND
WEAR SOLEMN FACES ?/ The kind of occasions on which... are funerals, state
ceremonies etc....
FRESH świeży
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A FRESHMAN AT UNIVERSITY? By a freshman ...
we mean a first-year student; that is, someone
who's new or fresh to the university...
1072 WHAT'S THE OPPOSITE OF FRESH FRUIT ? The opposite of fresh fruit is
tinned fruit, dried fruit, or fruit that is old and losing its taste ...
SUBSTANCE substancja
WHAT SUBSTANCE IS THIS TABLE MADE OF ?/ The substance this table is
made of is wood
BAY zatoka
WHICH DO YOU THINK IS THE MOST BEAUTIFUL BAY IN THE WORLD ?
I think the Bay of... is the ...
ESSENCE istota
WHAT DO YOU THINK IS THE ESSENCE OF CIVILIZATION ? I think the
essence ... is good manners; that is, consideration for others,
trying to disturb or upset others as little as possible
CANVAS WATERPROOF NYLON CAMPING
płótno nieprzemakalny nylon obozowanie, kamping
DESCRIBE A TENT. A tent is made of waterproof canvas, or nylon, supported
on poles, and is used for sleeping in when we go camping ...
DESPAIR rozpaczać
1073 DO YOU DESPAIR EASILY ? Yes, I despair ... or ... No, I don't...
LESSON 161
PREJUDICE uprzedzenie
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY PREJUDICE ? By prejudice we mean we form an
opinion for or against someone or something before we have
sufficient knowledge of the person or thing ...
WHAT KIND OF PREJUDICES DO PEOPLE SUFFER FROM ? The kind of
prejudices people ... are against other nations; people they've heard
about but never met; certain kinds of music or books ...
MODEL model REPRESENTATION reprezentacja, wzór
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY THE MODEL OF AN AEROPLANE ? By the
model of... we mean a small representation of a real aeroplane
that we often put on a table or desk as an ornament...
HOW OFTEN DOES A CAR COMPANY CHANGE ITS MODELS ?/ A car
company changes its models about once every ... years
WHAT'S YOUR IDEA OF A MODEL HUSBAND OR WIFE ? My idea
of a... is one who ...
1074 PURPLE fioletowy, liliowy
DO YOU LIKE PURPLE ? Yes, I like purple ... or ... No, I don't...
REPUBLIC republika
WHAT'S A REPUBLIC? A republic is a country that's run by a government elected
by the people, with the head of state also being elected and not
necessarily permanent, unlike a king or a queen ...
TUNE melodia
WHAT'S YOUR FAVOURITE TUNE ? My favourite ...
DOZEN tuzin
WHAT'S A BAKER'S DOZEN? A baker's dozen is thirteen. A dozen is twelve
of anything, but a baker's dozen is thirteen
WHAT DOES IT MEAN : "TO TALK NINETEEN TO THE DOZEN" ?/
"To talk ..." means to talk very quickly without stopping, and usually too much
COMPLICATED skomplikowany
WHAT'S THE MOST COMPLICATED THING YOU'VE EVER HAD TO LEARN ?
The most complicated thing I've ever had to learn was ...
SPLENDID wspaniały
1075 WHICH DO YOU THINK'S THE MOST SPLENDID BUILDING IN THE WORLD?
I think ... is the most...
EXCELLENT doskonały, znakomity
WOULD YOU SAY THAT YOUR ENGLISH WAS EXCELLENT NOW ?/
No, I wouldn't say ... but I'd say it was very good, or at least quite good ...
FAMILIAR poufały, zażyły, obeznany
WHY MUSTN'T AN ARMY OFFICER GET TOO FAMILIAR WITH HIS MEN ?
An army officer mustn't... because if he becomes a
friend, they may not obey him ...
TEST test, próbować, zbadać INADVISABLE nie godne polecenia
WHY WOULD IT BE INADVISABLE TO BUY A SECOND-HAND CAR
WITHOUT FIRST GIVING IT A THOROUGH TEST ? The reason it'd be
inadvisable ... is that appearances can easily deceive, and there
might be a lot of things wrong with it that are not obvious
DIAMOND diament
WHY DO WE SAY "DIAMONDS ARE FOREVER" ?/ We say ... because they
don't wear out and seldom lose their value
PROCESSION procesja
1076 WHAT DO PEOPLE DO IN THIS COUNTRY WHEN A FUNERAL
PROCESSION PASSES BY? People in this country ... when a funeral...
MODEST LUXURY SHOW EXAGGERATE
skromny luksus pokaz, popis przesadzać
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A MODEST WAY OF LIVING ? By a modest...
we mean a type of living without luxury or too
much expense or excessive show ...
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A MODEST PERSON ?/ By a modest... we mean
someone who doesn't boast of, or exaggerate, his achievements...
REPUTATION 2950 reputacja
HOW CAN A HOTEL (RESTAURANT, SHOP, SCHOOL, ETC.) GET A BAD
REPUTATION ? A hotel... can get... by behaving badly to
the public, cheating, not giving good value, etc....
CONSCIENCE sumienie
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A GUILTY CONSCIENCE? By a guilty conscience,
we mean that we have done something wrong and are worried
about it. Usually we have not been found out or punished,
but we still feel uncomfortable about it...
SUSPECT podejrzewać
1077 WHAT DO THE POLICE DO WHEN THEY SUSPECT A MAN OF
COMMITTING CRIMES BUT HAVE NO PROOF ?/ When the police suspect...
they watch his every movement...
EXCHANGE wymiana, wymieniać
WHAT'S THE RATE OF EXCHANGE IN THIS COUNTRY FOR THE POUND?
The rate of... is ...
IS THERE ANYTHING YOU OWN THAT YOU WOULDN'T EXCHANGE
FOR ALL THE WORLD ? Yes, there's something ... or... No, there ...
WHAT? WHY?
PROGRAMME program
WHAT'S YOUR PROGRAMME FOR THIS EVENING?/ My programme for... is...
DO YOU KEEP AT HOME THEATRE PROGRAMMES, FOOTBALL
MATCH PROGRAMMES, ETC. OF SPECIAL OCCASIONS YOU HAVE BEEN
AT (OR TO) ? Yes, I keep at home ... or... No, I don't...
MOTION NOTE DOWN REORGANISE CUT DOWN
ruch, poruszenie, bieg zanotować reorganizować zredukować
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY A "TIME AND MOTION" MAN IN INDUSTRY ?
By a "time ..." we mean a man who goes around with a watch and a
piece of paper and notes down how long each job takes. Then, by
reorganising the job, he cuts down the time it takes ...
1078 PROMPT szybki, skory, skłonić, podpowiedzieć
WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF DOING THINGS PROMPTLY
INSTEAD OF LEAVING THEM TILL TOMORROW?/ The advantages of...
are that we get them out of our mind ...
MOTOR motor, silnik
WHAT DO WE USE A MOTOR FOR? We use a motor for driving a car,
a bus, a bicycle etc.
SUSPICION podejrzenie
CAN THE POLICE IN THIS COUNTRY HOLD YOU IN PRISON JUST
UNDER SUSPICION ? Yes, the police can ... or ... No, the police ...
MULTIPLY mnożyć
MULTIPLY 30 BY 3, PLEASE ! 30 multiplied by 3 equals 90
MUDDY REPLAY DOORMAT2963
ubłocony odpowiedzieć wycieraczka
1079 DICTATION 97
As the team came forth/ onto the field/ the crowd applauded by clapping and shouting./
Within minutes/ the ball was in the net/ for the first goal./ Courageously, the opposing
side/ fought back, looking for revenge./ The game dragged a little,/ and then, to
everyone's annoyance,/ a storm began to approach/ with scarcely a second or two passing/
between the flash of lightning/ and the crack of thunder./ The game had to stop,/ because
the field soon became/ a muddy paste/ and arrangements had to be made/ for a replay./
Fortunately, my friend had brought/ a spare raincoat,/ which he was able to lend me./
Leaving the ground, we signalled a taxi/ and went home./ When we arrived home,/ we
were careful to wipe our shoes/ on the doormat/ before entering the house.
Lesson
No.
ABILITY 139 ARTICLE 152 BORED 150 CHEEK 13
6
ABOUT 129 AS - AND ITS BORING 150 CHEER 14
ABOVE ALL 135 DIFFERENT USES 149 BOUND 153 CHEER UP! 14
ABSENCE 158 AS IF 157 BOUNDARY 153 CHEERIO 13
ABSOLUTELY 1S8 AS THOUGH 157 BOW(N) 153 CHEERS 134 ,14
ABSORB 128 ASHAMED 146 BOW(V) 153 CHEESE 14
ACCIDENT 125 ASIDE 152 BOW TIE 153 CHEST 15
ACCIDENTALLY 139 ASLEEP 150 BOWL 154 CHEST OF DRAWERS 15
ACCOMPANY 154 ASSOCIATE 144 BOXER 141 CHIEF 14
ACCORDING TO 129 ASTONISH 153 BRAKE 155 CHIEFLY 14
ACCOUNT 131 AT ALL 125 BRASS 156 CHOCOLATE 14
ACCUSE 158 AT EASE 130 BREADTH 157 CLAP IS
ACT 133 AT LAST 150 BREAK (N) 140 CLAY 15
ACTION 133 AT SEA 141 BREATH 154 CLERK IS
ADDITION 129 ATTACK 126 BREATHE 154 CLEVER 13
ADJECTIVE + ATTEMPT 153 BRIBE 156 CLOSELY 13
INFINITIVE 127 AVENUE 157 BRING AN ACTION CLOTH 143, 14
ADMIRAL 146 AWKWARD 153 AGAINST 133 CLOTHE 139,147
ADMIRATION 146 BROOM 157 CLOTHING 132,147
ADMIRE 129 BACK (V) 151 BUCKET 156 CLUE 15
ADMISSION 159 BACKBONE 158 BUNCH 139 COARSE 14
ADMIT 143,157 BACKGROUND 125 BUNDLE 157 COAT OF ARMS 15
ADVANCE 135 BACON 140 BURST 154 COLD SHOULDER
ADVANTAGE OF 144 BADLY 148 BURST INTO TEARS 154 (Idiom 42) 13
ADVERTISE 137 BAG 154 BURY 126 COLLAR 16
ADVERTISEMENT 137 BAGGAGE 146 BY ACCIDENT 125 COLONIALISM 13
ADVERTISING 137 BANANA 149 BY AND COMB 15
ADVICE (N) 132 BAND 129 ITS MANY USES 141 COME BACK 13
ADVISABLE 155 BANK 150 BY AND ITS COME DOWN 13
ADVISE (V) 132 BAR 133 MANY USES (CONT ) 145 COME IN 13
AEROPLANE 138 BARBER 159 BY BIRTH 145 COME ON 14
AFFAIR 139 BARE 135 BY CHANCE 128 COMMERCIAL 13
AFRAID OF 127 BARELY 135 BY DEGREES 135 COMMITTEE 15
AFRAID THAT 127 BARGAIN 137 BY HEART 145 COMPARATIVES AND
AFRAID TO 127 BARREL 142 BY HIMSELF 141 SUPERLATIVES 12
AGENCY 141 BARRISTER 133 BY NOW 134 COMPASS 14
AGENT 141 BASEMENT 137 BY SEA 141 COMPLAIN 15
AGREE ABOUT 126 BASIN 139 BY THE HAND 145 COMPLICATED 16
AGREE THAT 126 BATH 142 BYE-BYE 134 COMPOUND WORDS 12
AGREE TO 126 BATHE 142 COMRADE 14
AGREE WITH 126 BAY 160 CAGE 133 CONCERT 14
"AH, WELL" 145 BEAK 151 CALAIS 144 CONFIDENCE 14
AHEAD 142 BEAM 144 CALCULATE 158 CONFIDENT 12
AIM 143 BEAST 157 CALL 156 CONFUSION 13
AIRTIGHT 143 BEAT 146 CAMERA 144 CONGRATULATE 16
ALIKE 145 BEATEN 146 CAMP 145 CONNECTION 14
ALL RIGHT 136 BEE 153 CAMPING 160 CONSCIENCE 16
ALLOWANCE 147 BEFOREHAND 137,147 CANAL 1S8 CONSCIOUSNESS 14
ALOUD 148 BEG 147 CANDLE 130 CONSUME 15
ALTOGETHER 149 BEG PARDON 147 CANT HELP 142 CONT ACT (V) 14
ANCIENT 125 BEHIND 149 CANT MAKE HEAD NOR CONTAGIOUS 14
ANGER 126 BELIEF 141 TAIL OF IT (Idiom 33) 130 CONTAINER 14
ANGLE 135 BENEATH 133 CANVAS 160 CONTENT (N) 13
ANNOY ISO BERRY 154 CAP 146 CONTENT (V) 13
ANNOYANCE 129 BEST 148 CAPABLE 133 CONTINUATION 12
ANTICLOCKWISE 132 BEST OF 145 CAPE 147 CONTRACTIONS
ANXIETY 125 BEYOND 148 CAPITAL 158 (DOUBLE) 13
ANXIOUS 125 BILLION 160 CARDBOARD 154 CONTROL (SELF-) 14
ANY 150 BIRTH 145 CARE FOR 126 CONTROL (V.) 14
ANY CASE 151 BISCUIT 140 CARPET 150 CONVINCE 14
ANYHOW 157 BIT 149 CARRIAGE 129 COOKING - POT 14
APOSTROPHE "S" 142 BITE 149 CARROT 159 COPPER 15
APPLAUD 150 BITTEN 149 CART 133 COPY(N) 15
APPLAUSE 150 BITTER 129 CASE 135 CORK 15
APPLY 125 BLACKBOARD 139 CAUTION 137 CORNER 12
APPOINT 150 BLADE ISO CAUTIOUSLY 137 COTTAGE 15
APPROACH 149 BLAME 150 CENTIGRADE 136 COTTON 12
APPROVAL 146 BLED 155 CEREAL 140 COTTON - WOOL 12
APPROVE OF 139 BLEED 155 CEREMONY 146 COUGH 15
APPROXIMATE 140 BLESS 151 CHALK 139 COUNCIL 13
AREA 154 BLOCK 152 CHAMPION 141 COUNTRY 14
ARISE 151 BLOOD - VESSEL 151 CHANCE 128 COUPLE 13
ARM - IN - ARM 130 BLOODSTREAM 149 CHANNEL 144 COURAGEOUS 15
ARMS 140 BOLD 152 CHARM 139 COURSE 14
ARRANGE 151 BOMB 131 CHARMER 139 COURT IS
ARRANGEMENT 151 BOOK (V) 151 CHARMING 139 COWARD 15
ARREARS 135 BORDER 152 CHEAT 142 CRACK 15
Lesson
No
CRASH 149 DOCUMENTS 131 EXPLAIN TO 126 FRIGHT 136
CREAM 152 DONT MENTION IT 136 EXPLODE 160 FRIGHTEN 136
CREATURE 136 DOORMAT 161 EXPLORE 158 FROZE 136
CREEP 152 DOORPOST 138 EXPLOSION 131 FROZEN 136
CREPT 152 DOT 148 EXTRACT 152 FRY 140
CRITIC 137 DOUBLE CONTRACTIONS EXTRAORDINARY 157 FUN 154
CROP 156 138 EYEBROW 139 FUNERAL 127
CROSSWORD PUZZLE 154 DOUBLING CONSONANTS EYELASH 139 FUNNY 154
CROWN 157 128 EYELID 139 FUR 157
CRUSH 149 DOVER 144
CULTIVATE 148 DOWNSTAIRS 152 FACE (V) 126 GALLERY 159
CULTIVATED 148 DOZEN 161 FACE TO FACE 126 GALLON 135
CUPBOARD 153 DRAG 149 FADE 149 GAP 127
CURE 156 DRAW ASIDE 152 FAHRENHEIT 136 GARAGE 152
CURIOUS 152 DRAW THE CURTAINS 157 FAILURE 130 GARDEN GATE 138
CURL 153 DRAWER 156 FAINT 133 GATE 138
CURRENT 144,153 DRESSMAKER 146 FALL ASLEEP 150 GATHER SPEED 128
CURTAIN 157 DRIVE ISO FALL BEHIND 149 GAY 158
CURVE 144 DRY CLEANER'S 152 FALL TO PIECES 146 GENERAL 146
CUSHION 157 DRYNESS 151 FAMILIAR 161 GENEROUS 129
CUSTOM 130 DUG 138 FAN 153 GENTLE 130
CUT DOWN 161 DUKE 141 FANCY 135 GET 135
DWARF 141 FANTASTIC 148 GET HOLD OF THE
DAMP 143 FAST 138 WRONG END OF
DAMPNESS 151 E ACH OTHER 145 FASTEN 138 THE STICK (IdiomJS) 132
DARING 126 EAGER 126 FATE 157 GET ONE
DAYBREAK 155 EARNEST 148 FAVOUR 136 DOWN (Idiom 31) 128
DEAR 130 EASE 130 FAVOUR(V) 139 GET RID OF 135
DEBT 132 EASY 130 FEAR 133 GET THE BETTER OF
DECAY 157 EDGE 125 FEATHER 133 THE BARGAIN 137
DECEIVE 133 EFFORT 141 FED 142 GIANT 141
DECREASE 153 EGYPT 125 FEED 142 GIRLFRIEND 130
DEFENCE 159 EITHER OF THEM 128 FEEL UPSET 137 GIVE AWAY 133
DEFINED 152 EITHER SIDE 133 FELLOW 144 GIVE OFF 134
DEFINITION 145 ELASTIC 159 FELLOW-WORKER 144 GIVE THE COLD
DEGREE 135 ELEPHANT 142 FENCE 127 SHOULDER (Idiom 42) 139
DELICATE 131 ELIMINATE 138 FEVER 147 GLASSES 133
DELIGHT 157 EMBARRASS 153 FIGURATIVE 149 GLORY 159
DELIVER 137 EMOTION 143 FINANCIAL 152 GO AHEAD 142
DENTIST 152 EMPEROR 145 FINE 146 GO AND HAVE 142
DEPARTMENT 160 ENABLE 130 FINGERS CROSSED GO BACK 135
DESCEND 135 ENCOURAGE 159 (Idiom 44) 141 GO BAD 134
DESIGN 155 ENDED 127 FIRE 147 GO DOWN 135
DESIRE 134 ENDLESS 139 FIRM 148 COIN 135
DESPAIR 160 ENERGETIC 133 FIRMNESS 154 GO PAST 141
DESSERT 140 ENGAGED 132 FITTING 143 GO QUIETLY 139
DESTINATION 156 ENGINEER 160 FLASH 149 GO RIGHT 134
DESTINY 157 ENGLISH CHANNEL 144 FLAVOUR 157 GO SHOPPING 141
DETAIL 128 ENGLISH MONETARY FLESH 148 GOAL 138
DETERMINE 142 SYSTEM 128 FLOOD 154 GOAT 153
DIAMOND 161 ENQUIRE 130 FLOUR 136 GOLDEN 132
DIG 138 ENQUIRY OFFICE 130 FLOWERPOT 141 GOOD HEAVENS ! 129
DIMINISH 159 ENTER 135 FLY 150 GRACE 159
DINE 140 ENTERTAIN 125 FOLD 138 GRACEFUL 159
DINING " ROOM 140 ENTERTAINMENT 125 FOND OF 150 GRADUATE 147
DIP 142 ENTRANCE 127 FOOL 151 GRAPE 139
DIRECT 144 ENVY 132 FOR HEAVEN'S SAKE GRATEFUL 160
DIRECTLY 144 EQUALLY 128 (Idiom 29) 126 GREET 134
DISAPPOINT 146 ESCAPE 130 FOR SALE 137 GREETINGS 134
DISAPPOINTMENT 146 ESSENCE 160 FOR WEEKS AND GRIND 136
DISASTER 139 EVERY OTHER DAY 1 32 WEEKS 129 GROUND 136
DISEASE 147 EVIDENCE 154 FORBADE 128 GROWNUP 158
DISGUST 160 EXAGGERATE 161 FORBID 128 GUIDE 160
DISHONEST 148 EXCELLENT 142,161 FORBIDDEN 128
DISOBEY 155 EXCEPTIONALLY 147 FOREHEAD 150 HABIT OF 144
DISORDERLY 132 EXCESS 154 FORGIVE 147 HALL 127
DISSATISFACTIO 129 EXCHANGE 144,161 FORGIVENESS 147 HALL - PORTER 138
DISTINCTION 159 EXCITEMENT 133 FORMER 151 HALLO 160
DISTINGUISH 129 EXCLAIM 146 FORTH 151 HAND - IN - HAND 130
DISTURBANCE 129 EXCUSE (N) 135 FOUR WAYS OF FORMING HAND (V) 130
DITCH 154 EXCUSE (V) 135 THE FUTURE 134 HANDLE (V+N) 130
DIVE 155 EXCUSE ME 139 FRAME 154 HAPPEN TO 133
DO ONE'S BEST 148 EXPECT = TO LOOK FRAME OF MIND 154 HAPPENING 145
DO SOMEONE A FORWARD TO AN EVENT FREE 137 HARD UP (Idiom 40) 137
FAVOUR 136 138 FREEZE 136 HARM 136
DO THE 141 EXPECTATION 148 FRESH 160 HARMFUL 136
DO WITH WHO 136 EXPERIENCE 132 FRIED 140 HARMLESS 136
Lesson
No.
HASTE 138 INKY 155 LESSEN 158 MERCY 134
HASTEN 138 INQUIRE 130 LIAR 128 MERE 138
142 INQUIRY OFFICE 130 LIBERTY 159 MESSAGE 145
HAY
HEADMISTRESS 145 INSECT 154 LICENCE (N) 132 MESSENGER 145
HEAL 140 INSTANT 158 LICENSE (V) 132 MICE 127
HEAP 136 INSTRUCTION 130 LID 139 MILD 140
HEART 145 INSTRUMENT 139 LIE 143 MILITARY 129
HEDGE 127 INSULT 126 LIED 143 MILL 143
HELLO 160 INSURE 127 LIGHT 130 MILLER 143
HELP 142 INTEND 125 LIGHTNING 149 MIND(N) 154
HELP(V) 139 INTEREST 131 LIKE EACH OTHER 145 MINE 135
HELPFUL 125 INTERNATIONAL 146 LIKELY 136 MINER 135
HESITATE 160 INTERNATIONAL LIQUID 127 MISBEHAVIOUR 145
HID 128 SCALE 146 LIT 130 MISFORTUNE 137
HIDDEN 128 INTERROGATIVE LITRE 135 MISJUDGE 148
HIDE 128 SENTENCES 137 LITTLE BY LITTLE 125,138 MODEL 161
HIGHLY 125 INTERRUPT 132 LIVE(ADJ) 140 MODEST 161
HILLSIDE 153 INTERRUPTION 132 LIVE(V) 140 MONARCH 157
HILLY 143 INWARD(S) 133 LOAD 142 MONETARY 128
HIP! HIP! HURRAY! 144 IODINE 153 LOAD OFF ONE'S MONETARY SYSTEM 128
HIRE 145 IRON (V+NV 136 MIND (Idiom 46) 143 MONKEY 133
HISTORIC 160 ISH 137 LOCK 133 MOST OF 145
HITCH - HIKE 131 IT IS NOT SO 134 LONELINESS 145 MOTION 161
HOLLAND 143 IT IS PROBABLE 126 LONELY 145 MOTOR 161
HOLLOW 146 IT IS TIME + LONG - HAIRED 127 MOUNTAINEER 153
HOOK 154 PAST TENSE 147 LOOK 140 MOUSE 127
HORIZON 142 IT IS WELL TO. 127 LOOK FORWARD MUDDY 16!
HORIZONTAL 142 IT NEVER RAINS BUT TO AN EVENT 138 MULTIPLY 161
HORN 147 IT POURS (Idiom 37) 134 LOOSE 149 MUSICAL 139
HOW ARE YOU ? 129 IT SO HAPPENS 134 LOOSE - FITTING 143 MYSTERY 127
HOW DO YOU DO? 129 ITS NOTHING LORD 141
136
HUGE 145 LOSE ONE'S TEMPER 134 NATIONALISM 159
HULLO 160 JACK - IN - THE - BOX 152 LOT (THE) 146 NATIONALIST 159
HUMBLE 127 JAM 140 LOUD 146 NATIONALITY 145
HUNDREDWEIGHT JAMPOT 141 LOVE AFFAIR 139 NATIVE 138
(CWT) 157 JAW 143 LOVER 142 NATURAL 128
HUNT 140 JEALOUS 135 LOVINGLY 130 NEARBY 141
HUNTING 127 JEALOUSY 151 LUCKY NEAT 129
HURRAH! 144 JET 145 BREAK Idiom 34) 131 NEEDLE 141
HURRAY! 144 JEWEL 157 LUGGAGE 146 NEGLECT 157
HUT 132 JIGSAW 154 LUMP 154 NEITHER OF THEM 128
HYPHEN (USE OF) 143 JOKE 145 LUNG 135 NEST 144
HYPHENATED 128 JOY 158 LUXURY 161 NET 150
HYPHENED (OR JUDO 127 NEXT 128
HYPHENATED) JUICE 144 MADNESS 126 NICE TO SEE 127
COMPOUNDS 128 JUST 131 ,134 MAGIC 139 NOBLE 139,150
JUST THE SAME 142 MAIL 137 NOISELESSLY 127
1 BEG YOUR PARDON 147 MAINLAND 144 NONSENSE 146
1 DARE SAY 126 KEEP A SECRET 149 MAKE + SOMEBODY NOON 144
ICE - CREAM 157 KEEP ONE'S FINGERS OR SOMETHING + NOT EITHER 133
ILL AT EASE 130 CROSSED (Idiom 44) 141 ADJECTIVE OR NOT NOR 131
I'M SORRY 139 KICK THE INFINITIVE 127 NOT AT ALL 136
IMITATE 158 BUCKET (Idiom 45) 142 MAKE ALLOWANCE 147 NOTE DOWN 161
IMMENSE 158 KILO (KILOGRAM) 148 MAKE HEAD NOR NOTHING TO DO
IMPRISON 152 KIND 134 TAIL OF IT (Idiom 33) 130 WITH IT 134
IMPRISONMENT 152 KNEE 127 MAKE THE BEST OF 145 NOUGHT 136
INA KNEEL 127 MAKE THE MOST OF 145 NUCLEAR 131
NUTSHELL (Idiom 38) 135 KNELT 127 MALARIA 147 NUISANCE 138
IN ADVANCE 135 KNOT 149 MANKIND 133 NYLON 160
IN ANY CASE 151 MANUFACTURE 156
IN ARREARS 135 LADDER 143 MARMALADE 140 OAR 150
IN CASE 135 LAID 143 MAT 150 OBJECT 128
IN CONFIDENCE 149 LAIN 143 MATCH 127 OBSERVE 13!
IN RELATION TO 141 LAMP 152 MATE 133 OFF COURSE 144
IN SEASON 141 LAND IN PRISON 126 MAY AS WELL AS 131 OFF THE CUFF
IN SECRET 149 LARGELY 131 MEALS 140 (Idiom 39) 136
IN STOCK 156 LAST 139 MEAN (ADJ) 136 OLD - FASHIONED 144
IN THE END 150 LAST BUT ONE 139 MEAN TO SAY 149 ON ACCOUNT OF 131
IN VAIN ' 147 LATE = ENDED 127 MEANTIME 157 ON AN INTERNATIONAL
INADVISABLE 161 LATE= MEANWHILE 151 SCALE 146
INDEED 143 RECENTLY DEAD 127 MEASUREMENT 145 ON MY
INDOOR (S) 127 LATELY 127 MECHANIC 156 OWN ACCOUNT 131
INFLUENZA 147 LATEST 139 MECHANICAL 156 ON RECEIPT OF 152
INJECTION 141 LATTER 151 MELT 134 ONCE MORE 149
INJUSTICE 134 LAY 143 MEND 132 ONE ON TOP OF
INK 141 LEAD 133 MENTION 132 THE OTHER 136
INKPOT 141 LEAN 133 MERCHANT 125 ONOMATOPOEIA 149
Lesson
No
OPPOSITION 137,152 POINT 136,157 REMARK 140 SCENT 134
ORAL 145 POLE 159 REMEDY 152 SCHOOL - FELLOW 144
ORANGE 140 POLITENESS 151 REMOVE 152 SCRAPE 136
ORGAN 135 POOL 127 REORGANISE 161 SCRATCH 136
ORNAMENT 158 PORTER 138 REPAY 155 SCRATCH OUT 136
OTHERWISE 132 POSITION ISO REPLACE 151 SCREEN 144,157
OUNCE (OZ.) 157 POST 138 REPLAY 161 SCREW 139
OUT OF BOUNDS 153 POSTAGE 138 REPORT 145 SCREWDRIVER 139
OUT OF BREATH 154 POT HI REPORTER 145 SEA 141
OUT OF DOORS 127 POUND (LB ) 157 REPRESENT 146 SEAT - BELT 131
OUT OF SEASON 141 POVERTY 129 REPRODUCE 160 SECOND - HAND 137
OUT OF STOCK 156 PRACTICE (N) 132 REPRODUCTION 160 SECRET 149
OUT OF TURN 148 PRACTISE (V) 132 REPUBLIC 161 SELF 143
OUTDOOR (S) 127 PRECIOUS 160 REPUTATION 161 SELF - CONFIDENCE 149
OUTER 156 PREFERABLY 131 REQUIRE 126 SELF - CONTROL 143
OUTWARD(S) 133 PREFERENCE 142 RESIGN 154 SELFISH 143
OVEN 156 PREJUDICE 161 RESIST 139 SELLER 131
OVER 137 PREPARATION 136 RESISTANCE 139 SENSATION 153
OVERCHARGE 150 PRESERVE 131 RESPONSIBLE 136 SEPARATELY 136
OVERCOME 128 PRESSURE 157 RETURN 135 SERGEANT 154
OVERHEAD 144 PRINT 14S REVENGE 155 SET 145
OVERNIGHT 138 PROCESSION 161 REVOLUTION 139 SET FREE 137
OVERRIPE ISO PRODUCT 137 REWARD 155 SEW 141
OVERWEIGHT 141 PROGRAMME 161 RIBBON 156 SHADE 144
PROJECTOR 144 RICE 155 SHADOW 144
PACKAGE 145 PROMPT 161 RID 135 SHALLOW 154
PACKET 143,145 PROOF 140 RIDER 134 SHAME 146
PAD 128 PROPOSE 153 RIGHT 139 SHAMEFUL 146
PALE 136 PROVE 138 RIGHT ANGLE 135 SHAMELESS 152
PAN 139 PUMP 160 RIGHT WAY UP 132 SHAPE 129
PAPER BAG 154 PUNCTURE 151 RIPE 150 SHAPED LIKE 139
PARCEL 143 PUNISH 138 RISK 135 SHARES 131
PARDON 147 PURPLE 161 RIVAL 131 SHARP 147
PARLIAMENTARY 155 PUZZLE 1S4 RIVER BASIN 139 SHARPEN 136
PART (V) 151 PYGMY 141 ROAR 155 SHAVE 141
PASS (CHANGE) 150 ROAST 156 SHEET 148
PASS (TIME) 149 QUALIFICATION 132 ROB 130 SHELL 156
PASSAGE 152 QUALIFY 158 ROCKY 153 SHELTER 157
PASTE 153 QUALITY 131 ROD 142 SHIELD 155
PASTRY 154 QUEUE 148 ROOM 147 SHILLING 128
PATH 127 QUIETLY 139 ROT 148 SHIPPING 158
PATIENCE 157 ROTTEN 148 SHIPWRECK 137
PATIENT 157 RABBIT 142 ROW 132 SHOCK 147
PATRIOT 159 RAILWAY - TRACK 145 RUB 126,132 SHOPPING 141
PATRIOTISM 159 RAINBOW 153 RUB OUT 155 SHORT OF 149
PATTERN 152 RAKE 145 RUBBER 155 SHORTHAND 130
PAUSE 157 RANK 146 RUBBISH 146 SHOULDER - BLADE ISO
PAW 131 RARE 144 RUDE 150 SHOW 161
PEAR 140 RATE 157 RUDENESS 159 SHOWER 155
PEARL 158 RAW 147 RUG 150 SICILY 137
PECK 151 RAY 148 RUIN (S) 152 SICKNESS 136
PECULIAR 128 RAZOR 141 RUN 142.143,145 SIGNAL 149
PECULIARITY 128 REACH OUT 128 RUN A RISK 135 SILENCE (V) 135
PENCE 128 RECEIPT 138,152 RUN OVER 126 SILKEN 132
PENNY 128 RECORD (N) 132 RUN SHORT OF 149 SIMILAR 152
PERCENT 157 RECORD (V) 132 RUNNING - TRACK 145 SITUATE 143
PERCENTAGE 157 RECTANGLE 150 RUST 155 SITUATION 135
PERFORM 132 RECTANGULAR 150 SIZE 156
PERFORMANCE 132 RED - CROSS 143 SACRED 158 SKILL 146
PERMANENT 159 REDDISH 156 SACRIFICE 158 SKILLED 146
PERMIT (N) 159 REDUCE 159 SADDLE 145 SKIN (OF A FRUIT) 149
PERMIT (V) 159 REFINE(D) 146 SADLY 145 SLAP IS3
PET 142 REFRESH 157 SADNESS 137,145 SLIDE 149
PICK (FRUIT) 159 REFRESHMENT 157 SAFETY-BELT 138 SLIGHT 149
PICK AT 134 REFUSAL 153 SAIL 143 SLIP 149
PICK OUT 134 REGAIN 149 SALE 137 SLOPE 155
PICKUP 128 REGARD 134 SAMPLE 147 SLOW DOWN 128
PIGEON 133 REGRET 130 SANDWICH 140 SMART 145
PILE 136 REJOICE 139 SATISFYING 155 SNACK 140
PILL 143 REJOICING 139 SAUCE 148 SNAKE 139
PIN 152 RELATION TO 141 SAUCER 149 SNAKE - CHARMER 139
PINCH 153 RELATIONSHIP 141 157 SNAP
SAW
PINT 135 RELATIVE 141 SAYING 140 DECISION (Idiom36) 133
PLANT 149 RELATIVES 141 SCALE 128,146 SO AND ITS MANY
PLAYFULNESS 154 RELIEF 143 SCARCE 149 USES (CONT ) 134
PLUM 140 RELIEVE 143 SCATTER 132 SO KIND AS 134
POETRY 145 RELY ON 138 SCENERY 159
Lesson
No
"SO, YOU STUFF 156 TENT 145 TUNE 161
HAVE COME !" 134 STUNG 153 TERRIBLY 137 TURN - CHANGE 148
SOAP 156 STYLE 142 TEST 161 TURN ON 132
SOCIETY 144 SUBSTANCE 160 THAT'S ALL RIGHT 136 TURN OUT TO BE 148
SOFT 146 SUBSTANTIAL 140 THE THE 136 TURN TO 148
SOIL 155 SUCK 157 THE BROWNS 125 TURNUP 146
SOLEMN 160 SUFFIX 128 THE COUNTRY 140 TWIST 155
SOLID 146 SUGAR-BOWL 154 THE FORMER THE TYPEWRITER 155
SOLUTION 147 SUGGEST TO 126 LATTER 151 TYRE 155
SOME 150 SUNBATHE 142 THE LOT 146
SOME IN INTERROGATIVE SUNKEN 146 THE SOONER ... UNCULTIVATED 148
SENTENCES 137 SUNLIGHT 149 THE BETTER 136 UNDERGRADUATE 147
SOMEWHAT 125 SUNNY 128 THEM = HIM OR HER 146 UNDERNEATH 129
SORE 150 SUPERIOR 146 THEN 139 UNDO 149
SORE POINT (Idiom 30) 127 SUPERLATIVES 125 THERMOMETER 128 UNDONE 144,149
SORROW ISO SUPPER 140 THEY = HE OR SHE 146 UNDRESS 154
SORRY 139 SURGICAL 159 THIEF 130 UNFASTEN 152
SORT 146 SUSPECT 161 THOUGHTFUL 134 UNFINISHED SENTENCES
SOUP 140 SUSPICION 161 THOUGHTLESS 136 ENDING WITH " TO " 128
SOUR 150 SWALLOW 157 THREAD 141 UNIMPORTANT 149
SOW 156 SWEAR 154 THREAT 156 UNINTERESTING 150
SOWED 156 SWEAT 129 THREATEN 156 UNIT 128
SOWN 156 SWEEP 157 THUNDER 149 UNITY 125
SPACE 142 SWEET 134 THUNDER ROLL 149 UNIVERSE 158
SPADE 156 SWELL - 154 THUNDERSTORM 149 UNLIKELY 136
SPARE 151 SWELLED 154 TIDINESS 131 UNPROCESSED 147
SPAT 155 SWELLING 154 TIE UP 156 UNREFINED 148
SPILL 151 SWEPT 157 TIGHT 143 UNRIPE 150
SPILLED 151 SWIMMER 131 TIGHT -FITTING 143 UNSCREW 152
SPILT 151 SWIMMING POOL 127 TIGHTLY 143 UP 136
SPIN 151 SWING 154 TIME (IT IS ) 147 UP TO 126
SPIN - DRIER 151 SWITCH 156 TIN 125 UPRIGHT 135
SPIT 155 SWOLLEN 154 TINNED FOOD 153 UPSET 137
SPLENDID 161 SWORE 154 TIP 131 UPSIDE - DOWN 132
SPOON 128 SWORN 154 TITLE 141 UPSTAIRS 152
SPOT 151 SWUNG 154 TO AND FRO 154 URGE 139
SPRANG 152 SYMBOLIZE 146 TO BE IN THE URGENT 160
SPRING 152 SYMPATHY 125 HABIT OF 144 USE OF THE
SPRING (N) 152 TO BE OBLIGED 130 APOSTROPHE "S" 142
SPRUNG 152 TABLECLOTH 149 TO DO WITH 134 USE OF THE HYPHEN 143
SPUN 151 TAILOR 146 TO ONE'S TASTE 155 USE UP 141
SQUEEZE 160 TAILORESS 146 TOAST 140 USUAL 137
STAIN 152 TAKE A BATH 128 TON 157
STAIRS 152 TAKE A TOOTHPASTE 160 VACUUM 133
STATUE 159 PHOTOGRAPH 144 TORCH 159 VAIN 147
STEAL 130 TAKE ADVANTAGE TORE 136 VARIETY 153
STEEP 155 OF 144 TORN 136 VEIL 148
STEER 152 TAKE AIM 143 TOTAL 160 VERB + AND + VERB 142
STEM 142 TAKE BY SURPRISE 128 TOUCH AND GO VERBS , NOUNS AND
STEP BY STEP 135 TAKE CARE 126 (Idiom 32) 129 ADJECTIVES ENDING
STEP OUT OF TURN 148 TAKE HOLD OF 128 TOUCH DOWN 138 IN"Y" 131
STEPS 152 TAKE INTO ACCOUNT 131 TOUCH WOOD VESSEL 151
STICK 152 TAKE OFF 138 (Idiom 43) 140 VIA 145
STIFF 153 TAKE TEA 140 TOUGH 135 VICTORY 140
STILL 129 TAKE THE NAME 144 TOUR 142 VIEW 128
STING 153 TAKE TO (BOATS) 137 TOURIST 142 VOYAGE 142
STOCK 156 TAME 150 TOWEL 154
STOCK - CAR 156 TAP 132 TOWN HALL 127 WAIST 135
STOCK SIZE 156 TASTE 142 TOY 154 WAISTCOAT 135
STONE (ST) 157 TASTE (N) 155 TRACK 145 WANDER 129
STORE 153 TEA 140 TRAFFIC LIGHTS 148 WARMTH 151
STORMY 140 TEA - POT 141 TRAIN 154 WARN 134
STOVE 153 TEAM 151 TRAP 140 WAS + INFINITIVE 133
STRAITS 144 TEAR 136 TRAY 154 WASH - BASIN 139
STRAP 157 TEARS 154 TREASURE 138 WASH UP 134
STRAW 142 TELEPHONE TREAT 147 WATCH 157
STRESS 129 EXCHANGE 144 TREATMENT 147 WATERMILL 143
STRETCH 153 TELEPHONING 144 TREMBLE 154 WATERPROOF 160
STRICT 155 TELL OFF (Idiom 41) 138 TRIANGLE 134 WATERTIGHT 143
STRIKING 152 TEMPER 134 TRIBE 146 WAX 150
STRING 145 TEMPORARY 159 TRICK 132 WE MAY AS
STRIP 157 TEMPT 159 TRIP 155 WELL GO 131
STRIPE 154 TEMPTATION 128 TRUNK 156 WE MAY GO 131
STRIPED 154 TEN - MINUTE TALK 128 TRUNK - CALL 156 WEALTHY 139
STROKE 155 TEND 135 TRUNK - ROAD 156 WEAPON 135
STRUGGLE 147 TENDER 130 TRY 143 WEAR 132
STUCK 152 TENNIS - COURT 150 TUBE 160 WEAVE 152
Lesson No
WEEKS AND WEEKS 129
WELCOME 136
WELL 153
WELL-DEFINED 152
WELL - DRESSED 145
WELL-TIMED 127
WHAT ABOUT (YOU) 129
WHAT AND WHICH 133
WHAT HAS THAT GOT
TO DO WITH IT? 134
WHETHER 139
WHICH 133
WHICHEVER 150
WHILE 149
WHIP 151, 159
WHISKERS 127
WHISPER 152
WHO 136
WHY ON EARTH
(Idiom 28) 125
WILD 148
WILL-WOULD 144
WINDMILL 143
WINNER 144
WIPE 150
WITNESS 135
WOODEN 132
WOODWORK 152
WOOLLEN 132
WORK 153
WORK LOOSE 149
WORKOUT 135
WORKMANSHIP 151
WORN-OUT 132
WOULD 144
WOVE 152
WRAP 156
WRAP UP 156
WRECK 137
WRIST-WATCH 157
WRONG 139, 155
YACHT 139
YELLOW FEVER 147
YET 129
YIELD 148
YOU'RE RIGHT 139
YOU'RE WRONG 139
ZERO 136