Discipline is an important topic all over the world. There are a few examples of disturbance:

• the lesson can start after a few minutes of commotion

• students talk too much to each other

• students scream instead of volunteering when they want to say something

• laughing

• students try to use their mobile phones.

While researching and talking to teachers and students, both of them are dissatisfied with the lack of discipline during lessons. Hard-working and intelligence students are embittered when the teacher cannot keep discipline. Students that like having a frolic wait for the teacher who interferes with them. The aggressive and destructive students aim at confronting with the teacher and despise the teacher who does not fight with them.

The sources of the disturbance can be divided into two group:

1. which can be controlled by the teacher;

2. which are out of teacher's control.

To the 1^st group one can number:

• badly planed lesson;

• boring exercises;

• too slow or too fast speed of the lesson;

• lack of or wrong didactic methods;

• nature of the teacher (too calm; best friend; the teacher's authority or lack of it).

These can be qualified to the 2^nd group:

• student's problems at home;

• having an aversion to the subject (dislike)

• the influence of peers;

• atmospheric conditions;

• great number of students.

NON-VERBAL TECHNIQUES

VERBAL TECHNIQUES

focusing - be sure that the attention of everyone in the classroom is focused on the teacher before they start the lesson. Do not attempt to teach over the chatter of students who are not paying attention; quiet voice - a soft spoken teacher has a calmer, quieter classroom that one with a stronger voice. Students sit still in order to hear what they say; calming gesture; personal contact - touching is powerful and potentially dangerous; flashing the light off and on; silence; ignore intentionally; peer pressure; nor or point with eye-contact; raise a hand; hand gesture - palm down or out, thumb down; broken record - the teacher says: “I need you to...”, and the student responds: “But he started it.”, and again “I need you to...”; monitor -get up and get around the classroom; model - “Values are caught, not taught” (T. R. McDaniel, 1986), “do as I say not as I do”;

use the name of misbehaving student what usually rivets students' attention to the teacher and the topic; ask for repeating the simple sentence. (e.g. Frank, this is a pen. Repeat. This is a pen.) The name of misbehaving student should be said earlier in order to pay attention to the teacher and enable to hear and repeat the sentence; repeat different sentences by the students. If the students do not pay attention, they will not know what and to whom the teacher was talking to. In consequence, they will start to listen and be able to repeat the sentence; introduce changes in the lesson plan for a while(e.g. ask students to stand up, listen to the sounds or just relax) when the disruptive behaviour starts appearing; ask a question which has been already asked and answered by the teacher. It will enable inattentive student to bring him/her into the course of the lesson. introduce short comments on disruptive behaviour by expressing their wish e.g. I don't like that you're chatting. announce that after the lesson there will be a prize for a proper behaviour; administer a rebuke that after two more teacher's remarks the student will have to prepare an additional homework for the next lesson; talk with problematic student after class; use direct instruction; settle down the classroom rules; be positive;

The most important thing is not proving that the student does not know anything but the most significant is to bring the learner into the course of the lesson without criticizing student's behaviour in public and changing the scenario of the lesson.

Generally, the non-verbal techniques for keeping discipline in the classroom work effectively, but only when the teacher uses them without stopping the lessons.

Topic 19: Non-verbal and vernal techniques for keeping discipline in the

classroom

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