Unhappy㧐t (A Brief History of Misadvertised Fitness Footwear)


Unhappy Feet (A Brief History of Misadvertised Fitness Footwear)

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Beingfitis this millennium's mantra and afashionablelifestyle choice,all rolled into oneneat package. Everywhere you turn, statistics warn about the dangers oframpantobesity, themyriadhealth issuesstemming fromleading a largelysedentarylife and howprocessedfoods will eventually lead to yourdemise. And, as luck would have it, mediaprovidea ton ofplacatinganswers to the panic they themselves helpedspread: there're themiraclediets, the incredible fitnessregimens, the advancedab-shaping technology — all designed to make you healthier and more fit. But, as it turns out,shoehorningfitness and clean living into some aspects of one's life may not be such a good idea…

Back in 2009,in the wake ofthe economic crisis a lot of health-consciouspeople were looking for cheaper solutions topriceygymmembershipsand expensive diets.VariousTV programmes related to health and fitness explored ways ofgetting in shapeona shoestring budget. Many of those exercises, mediaclaimed, would give onerushof endorphins they would never hope to getworking outat the gym. And so, people started to take an interest incross-fitness(a type of exercise thatcombinesmany types of physical activity),rediscoveredtriathlons (remember Ironman events?) and, finally, began exploring the joys of walking and running.

Yet in thelattercase, it's not simply moving around on one's own two feet that got people soexcited. The modern fitness fan has to be astech savvyas possible; if it hasn't been tweeted or instagrammed, it didn't happen. Ifspace-ageresearchdidn't help build it, it isn't sexy or attractive to the consumer. Therefore,plain oldbipedalmovement had to berefinedwith the use of properparaphernalia, shoes being theprimepiece of kitto beupgraded. And since being healthy and fit is nowmandatory, shoes should not only help youget a move on, but should help you lose weight,improveyourmuscletoneand achieve thatelusivemedia-promoted body image you sostrive for.

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The two trendsconvergedin 2008, with the newlyintroducedfashionable and ultra-modern聽 toning shoes. They combined thenew-foundjoy of running with ourconstantdesirefor gadgets andtech. Toningfootwearthus gained asizablemarketfoothold, starting out withjust around USD 18 mlninrevenue. In 2009, it was already USD 145 mln.Followinga boom inviral marketingand generally positive press, by 2010 toning shoes becameexceedinglypopular.ConsumerReportsclaim that by that time, the market for special toning shoesballoonedto USD 1 bln a year; not yourpenny loafers, then.

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For a while it seemed as if the toning shoeswere a shoo-in forthe title of the most popular fitness accessory out there, and not without good reason. It does sound nice on paper: thesoleof the shoe is madethickerin the middle andfilled withair bubbles that moveunpredictablythroughoutthe empty areas inside, creating a feeling of walking in theshiftingsand. Theresultingimbalancecauses you to work out even while you're simply standing. This is possible because your muscles are constantly trying tooffsetthe feeling ofinstabilityintroducedviathe air pockets. Sounds veryenticing- who wouldn't want to exercise while simply standing in the line toMaccy D's, right?

However, even as early as in 2009, oneCNN articlecitedsome sports doctorsas sayingthat simply making peoplestraintheir muscles isn't the same as exercise. One doctor explained that someonewalking with a limpactually strains their musclesto a greater extentthan a person walking normally, but that alone doesn't make that person any healthier or more fit. Followingmixedmessages from the experts, the FTC — the American federal-levelwatchdogorganization that aims to protect the customer — started toinvestigatethe claims that toning shoes do, indeed, help tone one's muscles.

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The first company the FTC hasput the boot inwasReebok, one of thestalwartsof the sporting goods market and agenerallyreputablecompany. Their line of EasyTonesneakerspromised to improvebuttockmuscle's (thegluteus maximusinscientificparlance) strength and tone by 28%, give 11% more strength and tone in thecalf, andboosthamstringmuscles' tone by further 11%. All of that numericalgoodness, and according toone ad,achievedjust by walking in those shoes. It would probablynotbethat big of a dealwere those yourregularsneakers. But these were specialized walking (EasyTone) and running (RunTone) shoes thatretailedfrom USD 80 to 100 a pair, with specialized EasyToneflip-flopssetting one backaround USD 60.

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When the FTC investigated Reebok's data more closely in 2010, they found out that none of the physicalbenefitswere based on solidevidence. At thatprice point, that would make for one expensivewardrobe stufferoutside of walking or running season no matter which of the options you'vepicked- 60 or 80bucksmay buy two pairs of less fitness-oriented shoes, after all. After cries ofoutragefrom all corners of the press, Reebok had tosettle forUSD 25 mln. Todissuadeother companiesfromdoing the same, the FTC alsowarnedthat it „wants nationaladvertisersto understand that they mustexercisesomeresponsibilityandensurethat their claims for fitnessgearare supported bysoundscience.”To boot, Reebok had to give their customers an option to get arefundvia a special site, without any unnecessary formalities.

Was that a sign that some companiesgot too big for their boots, so to speak? Apparently so.AlongsideReebok, other companies were also trying toget their foot in the door. A sportsapparelcompanySkechers USA, Inc. (a not at allsketchy-sounding name) didn't startquaking in their shoesat the FTC's warning, though they probably should have, since their main product were „unstable” shoes (retailing at USD 60 to USD 100per pair) which debuted in mid-2010. These included theimaginativelynamed „ResistanceRunner”, „Toner”, „Shape-up” and „Tone-up” lines of footwear, which promised more than just toning up muscles. „Skechers'unfoundedclaims went beyond stronger and more toned muscles. The company even made claims about weight loss andcardiovascularhealth,” explained FTC's David Vladeck.

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Skechers weren't justmisleadingtheir customers byvaguelyphrasedpromises, either. Severalcelebritieswere hired topitchthe shoes miraculous properties - Brooke Burkeflashedher beautiful smile,Kim Kardashianshowed offhersultrybodyin asteamySuper Bowlad… In short, Skechers wereconductinga very aggressive campaign, basing all of it on thepremiseof health benefits achieved by wearing their product.FTC didn't take too long to notice, fortunately. By 2012, Skechers were ordered topay upandfess up; that payment wasto the order ofUSD 40 million, but the fessing up nevermaterialized.

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Bonnie Patton of the consumeradvocacygroup „Truth in Advertising”had this to say about the USD 40 mln settlement; „[there's not] oneshredofdatato support the idea that this is ajustorreasonablenumber.My guess isthat [Skechers'] marketing campaign costs more than that every year.” Indeed,compared tothe whole market it seems a small number, and since Skechers constantly evolve and are still available on the market, they might have onlyconsideredthata slap on the wrist. Vladecksubsequentlyexplained that „The FTC's message, for Skechers and other national advertisers, is to shape up yoursubstantiationortone downyour claims.”

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Which brings us to 2014. You'd think that after the Reebok's and Skecher'smisadventuresthe industry would have learned its lesson and stoppedforcingdubiousdatadownthegulliblefitnessaficionado'sgullet… but that has not been the case. Enter Vibram - the five-fingered… No, not glove. A runner's shoe. Unlike Reebok and Skechers, Vibram offers minimalist „barefoot” running shoe, first put onto the market way back in 2006. In 2007, theirfive-toedshoe was named one of the bestinventionsin the health industry that year by the Time magazine, while a very popular 2009 bookentitled„Born to run” helpedcementits reputation. Over the years a whole culture of barefoot runningemerged, owing its success to Vibram's aggressive campaign of the sport itself.

Barefoot running is supposedly natural for the human body, following thenotionthatprimitivehumans ran a lot before the shoes were evenconceived. Theconvenientlyforgotten lack ofconcreteroads back in thestone agedoesn'tdeterlovers of barefoot running,even though the science isinconclusiveat bestwith regard tothe exercise's safety in oururbanenvironments, not to mention any possible health benefits. Variousstudiesshow time and again that while in some cases, barefoot is ok, it's doing moreharmthan goodin the long term. Clearly, Vibram's advertising which claimed otherwise isbaselessor misleading.

So, if Reebok had to give back its customers back USD 25 mln and Skechers had to refund USD 40 mln, Vibram will probablygo belly upin the wake of the FTC's terriblecomeuppance, right? Wrong! Earlier this month, the FTC ordered Vibramto pay up just around USD 3.75 mlnto any people that bought their barefoot shoes after 2009. That's around 70 000 customers who will get their money back, and just a tenth of what Skecher's customers receivedin total. But just like Reebok and Skechers earlier, Vibram hasrefusedtoadmitanywrongdoingwhatsoever. You see,running one's mouthis still the healthiest, mostefficientway to exercise,
apparently…

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VOCABULARY
fit - w formie
fashionable - modny
X all rolled into one - (wiele)
X w jednym
rampant - szerz膮cy si臋, szalej膮cy
obesity - oty艂o艣膰
myriad - miriady, ogrom
to stem from sth - wynika膰 z czego艣, by膰 czym艣 wywo艂anym
sedentary - siedz膮cy
processed - przetworzony
demise - zgon, 艣mier膰
to provide - zapewnia膰, dostarcza膰
placating - uspokajaj膮cy
to spread - sia膰, szerzy膰
miracle - cudowny
regimen - re偶im, plan (np. 膰wicze艅)
ab - mi臋艣ie艅 brzucha
to shoehorn sth into sth - wcisn膮膰 co艣 gdzie艣 na si艂臋
in the wake of sth - w nast臋pstwie czego艣
conscious - 艣wiadomy
pricey - drogi (pot.)
gym - si艂ownia
membership - cz艂onkostwo
various - rozmaity
to get in shape - wyrobi膰 sobie form臋, nabra膰 formy
a shoestring budget - bardzo ograniczony bud偶et, g艂odowy bud偶et
to claim - twierdzi膰
rush - zalew, nag艂y przyp艂yw
to work out - 膰wiczy膰 (fizycznie)
cross-fitness - trening kross-fit
to combine - 艂膮czy膰
to rediscover sth - ponownie co艣 odkry膰
latter - ten drugi, ostatni (z wymienionych)
excited - podekscytowany
tech savvy - znaj膮cy si臋 na technologiach
space-age - zwi膮zany z epok膮 kosmiczny, tu: najnowocze艣niejszy
research - badanie, badania
plain old - zwyk艂y, nieciekawy
bipedal - dwuno偶ny
to refine sth - udoskonali膰 co艣
paraphernalia - akcesoria, sprz臋t
prime - podstawowy, najwa偶niejszy
piece of kit - sprz臋t, sprz臋cior (pot., UK)
to upgrade - unowocze艣ni膰, udoskonali膰
mandatory - obowi膮zkowy
to get a move on - ruszy膰 si臋 (z miejsca)
to improve - poprawi膰, ulepszy膰
muscle - mi臋sie艅
tone - tu: tonus
elusive - nieosi膮galny
to strive for sth - d膮偶y膰 do czego艣, zabiega膰 o co艣
to converge - zbiega膰 si臋
introduced - wprowadzony (np. na rynek)
new-found- nowo odkryty
constant - sta艂y
desire - potrzeba, ch臋膰
tech - technologia, technologie (pot.)
footwear - obuwie
sizable - poka藕ny
foothold - przycz贸艂ek, punkt zaczepienia (np. na rynku)
revenue - przych贸d, wp艂ywy
following X - w nast臋pstwie X, po X
viral marketing - marketing wiralny, marketing w sieciach spo艂eczno艣ciowych
exceedingly - nadzwyczaj
to balloon - gwa艂townie zwi臋kszy膰 si臋
penny loafer - mokasyn pensowy
to be a shoo-in for sth - by膰 pewniakiem, by膰 faworytem do czego艣
sole - podeszwa
thick - gruby
to fill sth with sth - wype艂ni膰 co艣 czym艣
unpredictably - w spos贸b nieprzewidywalny
throughout - przez
shifting - przemieszczaj膮cy si臋, tu: przelewaj膮cy si臋
resulting - wynikaj膮cy (z czego艣), b臋d膮cy skutkiem
imbalance - brak r贸wnowagi
to offset sth - zr贸wnowa偶y膰 co艣
instability - niestabilno艣膰
via - za po艣rednictwem, przez
enticing - zach臋caj膮cy, kusz膮cy
Maccy D's - McDonald's (pot., UK)
to cite sb as saying - przytacza膰 czyje艣 s艂owa, cytowa膰 kogo艣
to strain - wysila膰 (si臋), napina膰 (si臋)
to walk with a limp - kule膰
to a greater extent - w wi臋kszym stopniu
mixed - mieszany, niejednoznaczny
watchdog - cia艂o nadzoruj膮ce
to investigate sth - bada膰 co艣
to put the boot in - skrytykowa膰 (kogo艣) ostro (pot., UK)
stalwart - tu: sta艂y przedstawiciel, sta艂y gracz
generally - og贸lnie
reputable - szanowany
sneaker - tenis贸wka (US)
buttock - po艣ladek
scientific - naukowy
parlance - 偶argon
calf - 艂ydka
to boost - umocni膰, wzmocni膰
hamstring - 艣ci臋gno stawu skokowego
goodness - tu: korzy艣ci
to achieve - osi膮gn膮膰
not that big of a deal - nic wielkiego, nic takiego
regular - zwyczajny
to retail at X - by膰 sprzed
awanym po X, kosztowa膰 X w detalu
flip-flop - japonka
to set sb back (by) X - kosztowa膰 kogo艣 X (pot.)
benefit - korzy艣膰
evidence - dowody
price point - pu艂ap cenowy, cena
wardrobe stuffer - tu: nieu偶ywana odzie偶
to pick - wybra膰
buck - dolec (pot. o dolarze)
outrage - oburzenie
to settle for X - tu: doj艣膰 do ugody w wysoko艣ci X (o kwocie odszkodowania bez procesu s膮dowego)
to dissuade sb from doing sth - odwie艣膰 kogo艣 od (z)robienia czego艣
to warn - ostrzec
advertiser - reklamodawca
to exercise sth - wykaza膰 si臋 czym艣
responsibility - odpowiedzialno艣膰
to ensure - zapewni膰
gear - sprz臋t
sound - uzasadniony, staranny
to boot - co wi臋cej
refund - zwrot pieni臋dzy (przy reklamowaniu produktu)
to get too big for one's boots - zwa偶nie膰, zacz膮膰 zadziera膰 nosa
alongside - obok, opr贸cz
to get one's foot in the door - ustawi膰 si臋, znale藕膰 si臋 w doskona艂ej pozycji (do dalszego rozwoju)
apparel - odzie偶
sketchy - niekompletny, pobie偶ny
to quake in one's shoes/boots - dygota膰 ze strachu, spietra膰 si臋
per pair - tu: za par臋
imaginatively - z polotem
resistance - op贸r
to shape up - nabra膰 formy
unfounded - nieuzasadniony, bezpodstawny
cardiovascular - sercowo-naczyniowy
to mislead sb - zwodzi膰 kogo艣
vaguely - mgli艣cie, niejasno
to phrase sth - sformu艂owa膰 co艣
celebrity - s艂awa, znakomito艣膰
to pitch sth - tu: wkr臋ca膰 co艣, przekona膰 kogo艣 do czego艣
to flash sth - obnosi膰 si臋 z czym艣, b艂ysn膮膰 czym艣
to show sth off - chwali膰 si臋 czym艣, popisywa膰 si臋 czym艣
sultry - zmys艂owy, seksowny
steamy - paruj膮cy, tu: gor膮cy, nami臋tny
Super Bowl - puchar/fina艂 mistrzostw futbolu ameryka艅skiego
ad (advertisement) - reklama
to conduct - przeprowadza膰
premise - przes艂anka
to pay up - sp艂aci膰, zap艂aci膰
fess up - przyzna膰 si臋 do zrobienia czego艣 z艂ego (pot., US)
to/in the order of X - w granicach X
to materialize - zi艣ci膰 si臋, spe艂ni膰 si臋
advocacy - tu: organizacja wsparcia (jakiej艣 grupy spo艂ecznej)
shred - 艣lad, cie艅 (czego艣)
data - dane
just - s艂uszny, zasadny
reasonable - rozs膮dny
my guess is… - s膮dz臋, 偶e…, wed艂ug moich szacunk贸w,…
compared to - w por贸wnaniu do
to consider sth sth - uzna膰 co艣 za co艣/jakie艣
a slap on the wrist - tu: lekka kara, upomnienie
subsequently - p贸藕niej
substantiation - uzasadnianie, udowadnianie (czego艣)
to tone sth down - zmniejszenie czego艣, zredukowanie skali/wielko艣ci czego艣
misadventure - nieszcz臋艣liwy przypadek
to force sth down sb's gullet - wmusi膰 co艣, wepchn膮膰 co艣 komu艣 do gard艂a
dubious - podejrzany
gullible - naiwny
aficionado - fan, wielbiciel
barefoot - bosy
toe - palec stopy
invention - wynalazek
entitled - zatytu艂owany
to cement sth - przypiecz臋towa膰 co艣, scementowa膰
to emerge - powsta膰
notion - przekonanie, idea
primitive - pierwotny
to conceive sth - wymy艣li膰 co艣, wykoncypowa膰
conveniently - wygodnie, niby przypadkiem
concrete - beton
stone age - paleolit, epoka kamienia 艂upanego
to deter sb - odstrasza膰, odstr臋cza膰 kogo艣
inconclusive - niejednoznaczny, nieprzekonuj膮cy
with regard to sth - odno艣nie (do) czego艣
urban - miejski
study - studium, badanie
harm - szkoda, krzywda
in the long term - na d艂u偶sz膮 met臋
baseless - bezpodstawny
to go belly up - splajtowa膰 (pot.)
comeuppance - zemsta, pomsta
in total - 艂膮cznie
to refuse - odm贸wi膰
to admit sth - przyzna膰 co艣
wrongdoing - przest臋pstwo, z艂y uczynek
to run one's mouth - gada膰 za du偶o lub bez sensu (pot., US)
efficient - wydajny



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