SLAVERY

1619 - Dutch pirates bring slaves to Virginia

1808 - Congress officially abolished bringing in new slaves to America

1865 - 13^th amendment to the Constitution was introduced - slavery was abolished in America

The most extreme slaves states: Virginia, Kentucky, South Carolina, Mississippi, Louisiana, Alabama

What ideas were advocated by abolitionist? Who were they? What Party did they form? Abolitionists - people who wanted to end or abolish slavery by law because of their moral and religious reasons. in 1808 they persuade Congress to make it illegal for ships to bring new slaves from Africa into the United States Abolitionist form a political party called “Republican Party” - What the Missouri Compromise was about? Missouri Compromise - was an agreement passed in 1820 between southern and northern politicians. It said that slavery would be permitted in the Missouri and Arkansas territories but banned in lands to the west and north of Missouri. What were the consequences of the Compromise of 1850? In 1850 Congress voted in a favor of another compromise - California was admitted to the United States as a free state, while people who lived in Utah and New Mexico were given the right to decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery. Fugitive Slave Act - was passed by Congress to persuade southerners to agree to these arrangements. this law make it easier for southerners to recapture slaves who escaped from their masters and fled for safety to free states “bounty hunters” - was a group of men who were hunting down fugitive slaves in order to collect the rewards which were offered by slave owners some northern judges refused to enforce it - other people helped runaway slaves in their escapes Who used the “Underground Railroad”? Underground Railroad - was a network of secret routes and safe houses used by 19th-century black slaves to escape to free states and Canada with the aid of abolitionists. “stockholders” - people providing money to pay for it “conductors” - guides who led the fugitives to freedom “depots” - hiding places Many conductors on the Underground Railroad were former slaves themselves.

Why was “cotton gin” so important? Who invented it? Cotton gin - was a machine using in cotton production. was invented by Eli Whitney his invention made possible a huge increase in the amount of cotton grown by southern planters the increase was achieve by bringing in more slaves to plough and hoe the land and pick the cotton What happened in Kansas in 1854? Kansas was a land which was supposed to be closed to slavery - in 1854 Congress voted to let its people decided for themselves whether to permit slavery there. pro-slavery and anti slavery immigrants began to gain control of Kansas each group was determined to outnumber each other soon fighting and killing began - later it was called “bleeding Kansas” Neither side won the struggle to control Kansas - because of the trouble there, Congress delayed its admission to the United States. Who was John Brown? What did he do? John Brown was a half-mad abolitionist who led a rain in which a number of supporters of slavery were killed. in 1859 he had tried to start a slave rebellion in Virginia he raided a place called Harpers Ferry but he failed and was captured, tried for treason and hanged many northerners claimed that he was a martyr in the struggle against slavery Who was Dred Scott? What happened to him? Dred Scott - was a slave who had been taken by his owner to live in a free state. he asked the Supreme Court to declare that this had made him legally free the court refused and said that black slaves had no rights as American citizens it showed that the free states had no right to forbid slavery within their boundaries and that slave owners could put their slaves to work anywhere

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