1. Her Majesty’s Government: it’s a group of people (minister) together with the Prime Minister, who decide about the Policy of the country . Everything what is being done by the government is being done on behalf of the Queen.

The number of the ministers can change. They are mainly from the House of Commons and they are appointed by the Queen who is advised by the Prime Minister. Only few ministers and the Lord Chancellor are from the House of Lords.

Ministers can speak only in their own houses and they can’t show any disagreement to the government’s policy (Lords in waiting can represent them in another house).

All ministers receive salaries and the Lord Chancellor has the highest one.

2. Her Majesty’s Government is formed after election by the party which has the majority and the leader of the government is chosen. He becomes Prime Minister and different groups of ministers are formed:

- Department Ministers – are the most important ministers who are in charge of one department (ministry of education, defence, etc.):

• Secretary of State,

• Minister of [Foreign Affairs],

• The Chancellor of the Exchequer (the minister who is responsible for finances),

- Non-departmental Ministers – they are not in charge of departments but the Prime Minister can give them some duties:

• the Lord President of the Council (he usually attends each meeting of the Privy Council),

• the Lord Privy Seal,

• the Paymaster General,

• ministers without portfolio (they aren’t assigned, where Prime Minister needs their help, he uses them for any kind of work),

- Junior Ministers – most of them are from House of Commons and only 10 from the House of Lords; they have to help top ministers when they need it:

• Ministers of State,

• Parliamentary General,

• Parliamentary under-secretaries

3. The Prime Minister: David Cameron – head of government:

- he informs the Queen about the work of the government (even when the Queen is on holiday),

- he presides over Cabinet (small group of the most important ministers),

- he gives functions to the ministers (he advises the Queen who should be the minister but the Queen nominates this person),

- he recommends appointments:

• archbishops,

• bishops,

• high judicial officers,

• privy councillors,

• Lord Lieutenant (person who represents to the Queen independent territories),

• civil appointments,

• university posts,

• appointments to public boards (like for example BBC),

- he represents nation in political matters.

4. The Privy Council: till the XVIII century, it was really important institution, but nowadays it has only ceremonial functions and has not a real power because it was replaced by the Cabinet (the Privy Council consists of 400 people but only 10 meet regularly); the Cabinet ministers are members of the Privy Council:

- it advises to approve orders of the Council,

- it advises to issue Royal Proclamations.

5. Committees of the Privy Council:

- Judicial Committee – the final Court of Appeal for dependant territories and Isle of Man and the Channel Island,

- Legislative Committee.

6. Functions of the Cabinet: (Prime Minister is the Head of Cabinet; department ministers are really important there; there are some ministers who are always in the Cabinet: Minister of Defence, Minister of [Foreign Affairs], Home Secretary, Chancellor of the Exchequer):

- it makes main decisions about policy,

- supreme control of the government,

- coordination of government department.

7. Cabinet session:

They meet once a week (when there is issue connected with education, the Minister of Education is invited). They meet at 10 Downing Street.