4. Reinforced concrete domes – outline of the choice and structural analysis with use of the moment state method:

• If a dome fulfils the requirements of thin shell theory, one may analysed it as an isotropic rotational-symmetric shell;

• Because of actual bearing conditions, we use bending moment shell theory;

• It results in necessity to include presence of the unknown forces HR and edge meridian moment M:

• Free shell bearing:

• As a result of structural analysis of spherical shell and bearing ring in a bending state diagrams of section forces are obtained:

parallel Nφ, meridian Nθ, meridian moments Mφ, parallel moments Mθ.

• Diagrams of meridian moments Mφ:

a) hinge shell bearing on the deformable bearing ring;

b) monolithic joint of coat and deformable ring;

c) hinge shell bearing on the undeformable ring;

d) monolithic joints of shell and undeformable ring

• Diagrams of moments in shell with a full restrained end:

a) meridian moments Mφ;

b) parallel moments Mθ

• Diagrams of internal forces in bending state:

a) meridianforces Nφ;

b) parallel forces Nθ

• Scheme of dome supporting on the bearing ring; Scheme of the action of radial force R and moment M:

• The domes can have monolithic or prefabricated version:

1. prefabricated plate-and-rib elements of a dome with a meridian length;

2. plate-and-rib prefabricated curvilinear elements;

3. trapezoidal flat elements

• Uses: buildings, including storage facilities, commercial buildings, residential homes, and boat hulls.

• The curved shapes are naturally strong structures, allowing wide areas to be spanned without the use of internal supports. Since concrete is a porous material, concrete domes often have issues with sealing.