CLASSES 1 - VERB CLASSIFICATION

BOOKS:

1 - prosta książka, dobra do powtórki

Evans FCE - można zrobić

Evans CPE - tu są dużo lepsze ćwiczenia (interesują nas tylko unity dotyczące gramatyki)

10 - Hewings - można zajrzeć

12 - Mańczak

16 - Side, Wellman - trudna, II semestr

24, 25 - Vince

Next time: Vince CPE, FCE

TESTS:

1. Irregular verbs - 25 October 2011. 15 sentences, completing gaps with words below (we have to know MEANING of the word)

2. Present & Past time - 22 November 2011

3. Future time, hypothetical tenses, subjunctives - 13 December 2011

4. Passives, causatives 17 January 2011 - probably it will be moved to a II term

RETAKE DATES:

1. 24 January 2012

2. 13 February 2012

Auxiliary verb - helps to make a tense

Semi modals: need, dare, used - can be both, modal and ordinary

Past participle: -ed (polish: -ny, -no)

Present participle: -ing (polish: -ący)

Interrogative = question

To possess sth - we add “got” to have -> “have got”

Used - it only works for past

I used/usedn't to do - BOTH forms are correct!

STATE VERBS - are generally NOT used in Continuous tenses (e.g. understand, believe, remember)

There are verbs that can be used both - in continuous tenses and simple tenses, but their meaning is changing

1. Have

1. State: have - to possess sth

2. Action: having dinner, having a shower

2. See

1. State: see - to understand

2. Action: I'm seeing my doctor today - to meet sb

3. Taste

1. State: soup tastes

2. Action: I'm tasting this soup

4. Smell

1. State: sth smells

2. Action: I'm smelling the flowers

There are also verbs that we can use both, and it doesn't really matter which one we used:

1. Feel (we can use both forms when it refers to the PRESENT situation)

I feel it.

I'm feeling it.

2. Look

You look good.

You are looking good.

Be - generally a state verb, e.g. I am silly (=that's what kind of person I am, that's my character)

I am being silly about this matter (=I am behaving ONLY NOW in a silly way)

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

My daughter [Subject] helps me with shopping [Object - dopełnienie]

Question about object: What does your daughter help you with?

Question about subject: Who helps you? <- we don't use inversion, because we don't have a subject that we are asking for

GRAMMAR 4 October 2011

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