12,13

SECTION 2

Bones and joints 2: word building 1

Use the word in capitals to form an adjective in each of the following.

1    The bones in the body form the    skelefal

system.

2    Tendons connecting muscle to bonę are_

allowing the body to move.

3    Bonę is morę_than cartilage.

4    The skuli consists of the_

and _skeleton.

SKELETON

5 The bonę surrounds a

blood vessel.

FLEX

RESIST

CRANIUM,

FACE

CENTRE

CONNECT outer membranę. COLLAGEN

joints.

CARTILAGE

6    Spicules of bonę are surrounded by tissue.

7    A bonę has a tough_

shape of the femur resists

TUBĘ

function.    PROTECT

8    The hollow_

stress.

Some bones have a

10 The joints between vertebrae are

11    The elbow, hip and wrist are

12    Ina synovial joint there is a _ between the surfaces.

. joints. fluid

13

contraction changes the length of

the muscle.

The ligaments connecting the tarsus bones are very

15 The spinał column is also known as the _column.

MOVE

LUBRICATE

MUSCLE

POWER

YERTEBRA

The adjectives above are formed with different suffixes: -a/, -ible, -ant, -Are, -ous, -ar, -ful, -ing. Try to think of some morę adjectives which end in these suffixes before vou look at examDles aiven in the answer section. See also:

11

SECTION 2

The heart

I ill In IIki missing words in the sentences below. Choose from the following.

arteries arterioles atria beats branch capillaries cavity olinmbers circulatory close communicate contraction cusps heart lungs muscle oxygenated pulse pump pumping I lyrnrnldal relaxation systemie valves veins vessels wali wrist

1 Miiny people feel the most important muscle in the body is the

I i«mrl. Together with the_system it maintains life. The heart

Is rmighly_in shape and is located in the pericardial

I he heart is divided into right and left halves which do not_.

U Hlond travels round the body in blood_. The_carry

blond from the heart to all parts of the body while blood returns to the liciirt in_.

The pulmonary artery carries blood from the heart to the___ ,

while the aorta carries blood to all parts of the body from the_.

fł Hlond carried in the systemie arteries is_but in the

pulmonary artery it is not.

6 The heart is a_with four_, two ventricles and two

. The left ventricle has a much thicker_than the right

because it is responsible for_blood around the_

circulatory system. Blood is forced round the system by_

(systole) and_(diastole) of the heart.

The pulmonary and aortic_control the exits from the

ventricles. Each one has three_. The sound of the heart is

wlien they_.

8 Bach minutę the heart_about 72 times. This is known as the

ratę and can be measured in the radial artery in the

'• The systemie arteries_(divide) many times and become

. They then deliver blood to smali_from where

i',\c hangę can take place.