trawinski 1

20/03/2010

• Glossary:

-    approach, method, technique

-    language competence (linguistic, sociolinguistic, discourse, strategie)

-    accuracy, fluency

-    fossilization

-    input, intake, output

-    language skills (listening, speaking, reading, writing)

-    language subsystems (pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar)

-    learning, acquisition

-    competence, performance

-    syllabus (structural, communicative, task-based)

27/03/2010

•    Approaches to language acquisition - behaviourism

-    language: habit

-    learning: habit formation

-    model of learning: stimulus, response, reinforcement

-    attitude to language errors: negative

-    teaching method: Audiolingual Method

-    teaching technique: language drill

•    Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH)

Language errors result from language differences, they can be predicted and prevented

•    Approaches to language acquisition - nativism

Language: inborn ability

Language learning: hypotheses testing + rule formation

Universal Grammar: principles (features common to all languages) + parameters (features language-specific)

Language Acquisition Device (LAD) - inborn mechanism of language acquisition Errors: accepted

•    Critical Period Hypothesis (CPH) -there is a limited period in human life during which language acquisition is possible (or easier): up to puberty

Lateralization (brain areas specialization)

•    Approaches to language acquisition - Cognitive Approach

Language: a part of cognitive development (not a separate skill)

Language learning: experimenting with the language and constructing one's personal meaning of it

•    Approaches to language acquisition - social interactionism

Language: interaction

Language learning: interaction + negotiation of meaning => comprehensible input Major concepts: zonę of proximal development + mediator