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NEUROPHYSIOLOGY

Autonomie Ncrvous System: Cholinergic and Adrenergic Synapses

| Presynaplit I Postsynaptic

[ Presynaplit | Postsynaptic

Figurę 2.16 Cholinergic and Adrenergic Synapses: Schema_

The autonomie nervous system (ANS) is a two-neuron chain, with    linę (norepinephrine) at its postganglionic synapses, causing adrener

the preganglionic neuron ansing from the central nervous system    gtc (Al effects (except on sweat glands, where acetylcholine is

and synapsing on a postganglionic neuron located in a peripheral    released). Although acelylcholine and noradrenalino are the chief

autonomie ganglion. Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter in both    transmiltcr substances, nther neuroactive peplides often are colocal-

the sympathetic and parasympathetie ganglia. The parasympathetic ized with them and indude such substances as gamma-aminobutyric disision ot the ANS releases acetylcholine at its postganglionic    acid (GARA), substance P. enkephalins, histaminę, glutamic acid,

synapses and is characterized as having cholinergic (O effects,    neuropeptide Y, and olhers.

whereas the sympathetic dKision releases predominantly noradrena-