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First publishcd in Great Britain in 1993 by Osprey, an imprint of Reed Consumer Books Limited, Michelin House, 81 Fulham Road,

London SW3 6RB

and Auckland, Melbourne, Singapore and Toronto © 1993 Reed International Books Limited Reprinted 1994 (twice)

Ali rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, rcscarch, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Designs and Patcnts Act, 1988, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrical, Chemical, mechanical, optical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Enąuiries should be addressed to the Publishers.

ISBN 1 85532 270 6 Filmset in Great Britain

Printed through Bookbuilders Ltd, Hong Kong

Dedication

For Jane, with thoughts of Jumieges.

Acknowledgements

I should like to thank the following for many hours of useful discussion, argument and for advice: Andrew Bodley, Chris Dobson, łan Eaves, Brian Gilmour, Jeremy Hall, Mark Harrison, Dr. David Nicolle and Karen Watts.

Artist’s Notę

Readers may care to notę that the original paintings from which the colour plates in this book were prepared are available for private sale. Ali reproduction copyright whatsoever is retained by the publisher. Ali enąuiries should be addressed to: Scorpio Gallery PO Box 475 Hailsham

E. Sussex BN27 2SL

The publishers regret that they can enter into no correspondence upon this matter.

Publisher’s Notę

Readers may wish to study this title in conjunction with the following Osprey publications:

MAA 85	Saxon, Viking and Norman Armies
MAA 171	Saladin and the Saracens
MAA 89	Byzantine Armies 886-1118
MAA 75	Armies of the Crusades
MAA 231	French Medieval Armies rooo—ijoo
Elitę 9	The Normans
Elitę 3	The Yikings
Campaign 13	Hastings 1066

For a catalogue of all books published by Osprey Military please write to:

The Marketing Manager,

Consumer Catalogue Department,

Reed Consumer Books Ltd,

Michelin House, 81 Fulham Road,

London SW3 6RB