IMGI39 (2)

h peineTHaTaa kocth, ho tsk Ran ohh He BbicTynaioT Ha nOBepxHOCTb h He CBKsaHU c Hamen paSoTOH, to a toabko Ha3bisaio hx.

Ha aoShoh kocth hmciotch pa3AHHHŁie BbinyKAOCTH, rpeSHH h ot-POctkh, KOTopbie Bw aoajkhm H3yHHTb KaK Ha npenapHpoBaHHOM He-pene, tsk h Ha jkhboh MOAeAH. Ilo o6eHM CTopoHaM A6a, hsa BHCKaMH, BU BHAHTe BHCOHHWe AHHHH, KOTOpWe OlTpdHHHHBaiOT BHCOHHbie BnaAH-Hbt h KOTopwe cxoaht Ha HeT C33AH, 3a yiCHbiMH paKOBHHaMH, a Bnepe-AH OHH 3dKaHHHBaK)TCH y CKyAOBbIX OTpOCTKOB. Ot CKyAOBbtX OTpOCTKOB otxoaht HaArAa3HHHHbie • Kpaa — margo infraorbitalis, KOTopwe o6pa3yK>T BepxHHe Kpaa rAa3Him h TaHyrca a° ceAAa Hoca, co3AaBaH Ty BnaAHHy, KOTopyro bm 3aMenaeTe b npocTeHKe. PoBHaa nrapoKaa nacTb aoBhoh kocth, pacnOAOHceHHaa hba 3toh BnaAHHoń, Ha3MBaeTca HaAnepeHocbe (gla-bella). no CTopoHaM ee bu BHAHTe HOcoBbie aacTH (pars nasalis), ot ko-Topbcc HaaHHaioTCH HSA6poBHbie a y r h (arcus superciliares), HMe-romne bha cAenca H3orHyTwx rpebHeń. ÓpocTpaHCTBO noA HaAdpOBHbiMH AyraMH o6pa3yeT a o 6 h u e na 3yxH (sinus frontales), iioaocth, Ha-noAHeHHwe B03AyxoM. Mepe3 noAoÓHyio *e noAOCTb b pemeTnaToń kocth na3yxH coo6maioTCH c hocom. 3th noAOCTH yBeAKHHBaioT nepeAHioio nacTŁ ocHOBaHHH aepena. ria3yxn He cymecTByiOT y A^eTeń, h nocreneHHO yMeHwnaiOTCH b pa3Mepax k CTapocra. Ohh He cayacaT yxa3aHHeM Ha oco6oe pa3BHTHe M03ra, KaK sto HHorAa npeAnoAaraiOT, a no Bceń Be-pOHTHOCTH, CAy3K3T pe30HaTOpOM rOAOCa.

HaA HaASpoBHbiMH AyraMH hu bhahm a o 6 h bi e 6 y r p u, OTASAeH-Hbie ot rpebHeń BnaAHHoń, a MeacAy hhmh, no MeAHaAbHoń (cpeAHeń) AHHHH, HaXOAHTCH BepTHKaAbHMH TpeSeHb, yKa3bIBaiOIHHH Ha to, hto b npODIAOM AOÓHaH KOCTb COCTOHAa H3 AByX nOAOBHH.

Ase BHcoHHbie koctH 3aHHMaiOT noAyxpyrAoe npocTpaHCTBo Ha 60-KOBbix noBepxHocTHx aepena — Me*Ay 3aTbiAOHHoń, TeMeHHHMH h kah-hobhahoh kocthmh. Ohh HMeioT aoboałho cAOJKHyio cpopMy. KaacAaa coctoht H3 aeTbipex nacreń — KaMeHHCToń (pars petrosa), hah nnpa-MHAbi, lemyiiaTOH (squama temporalis), cocijeBHAHOó (pars mastoidea) h 6apa6aHHoń (pars tympanica), KOTopwe coeAHHsnoTca MeJKAy co6oh BOKpyr HapyacHoro cAyxoBoro npoxoAa. KaMeHHCTaa nacTb HMeeT KAHHOBHAHyio cpopMy, h noMemaeTCH OHa b ocHOBaHHH aepena. BHyrpH Hee pacnoAaraeTca opraH CAyxa. Co ctopohh HapyjKHoro cAyxo-Boro npoxoAa h3xoahtch hihaobhahiih otpoctok (processus sty-loidens), HanpaBAeHHbiń b cTopoHy men, oh cAynurr mcctom npmcpen-

AeHHH HeCKOABKHX MbimiJ H CBH30K.

HenryńHaTaa nacTb bhcohhoh kocth 3aHHMaeT npocTpaHCTBo HaA yniHOH paKOBHHOH h SoAbmyio nacTb bhcohhoh BnaAHHbi. npocTpaHCTBo 3a paKOBHHOH 3aHHMaeT cociieBHAHaa nacTb c ee 6oAbniHM cocueBHAHbiM OTpOCTKOM. B 3TOM nOCAeAHeM HaXOAHTCH B03AyniHBie KaMepbl, KOTOpbie noMoraioT oprany CAyxa. K noBepxHocni oTpocnca npHKperiAeHbi pa3-AHHHŁie Mbimn,bi. y A^Teń cocijeBHAHbiń otpoctok GbraaeT He6oAbmoro pa3Mepa, 6oAbme Bcero oh y MyjKHHH. IlepeA ymHoń paKOBHHOH pacno-Ao*eH HanpaBAeHHbiń BnepeA CKyAOBOń otpoctok, kotopwh cnepeAH coeAHHHeTCH c 3aAHeń aacrbio CKyAOBOń kocth, o6pa3ya CKyAOByio Ayry nepena; miace CKyAOBOń Ayn* h noA ee npHKpurHeM pacnOAOaceHa bh-coHHaa Mumqa h KpynHbiń KpoBeHOCHbm cocyA; k ee muKHeMy Kpaio 20 npHKpenAHeTCH coScTsesao JKeBaTeAbHaa Mumiia (m. mas-