MALTA
Below you will find statistics related to the gender pay gap
based on the latest figures available.
Educational attainment (at least upper secondary school) of women and men aged 20-24
2010 Women Men Gap
EU-27 81.8 76.2 -5.6
Malta 60.8 47 -13.8
Source: Eurostat, Labour Force Survey (LFS), annual averages (Provisional source).
Students living outside their home country for one or more years (for study purposes) are covered in their destination country in the
EU Labour Force Survey. This may cause differences to Member State statistics depending on how these students are counted in each
country. This issue is particularly relevant for smaller EU Member States (as CY, LU, MT) where many students study abroad at upper
secondary and tertiary educational levels.
Gender segregation in occupations
2009 2010
Malta 23.4 23.7
Source: Eurostat, EU LFS.
Gender segregation in occupations is calculated as the average national share of employment for women and men applied to each
occupation; differences are added up to produce the total amount of gender imbalance expressed as a proportion of total employ-
ment (ISCO classification).
Gender segregation in economic sectors
2009 2010
Malta 16.4 16
Source: Eurostat, EU LFS.
Gender segregation in sectors is calculated as the average national share of employment for women and men applied to each
sector; differences are added up to produce the total amount of gender imbalance expressed as a proportion of total employment
(NACE classification).
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Employment rate (20-64)
2010 Women Men Gap
EU-27 62.1 75.1 13
Malta 41.6 77.8 36.2
Source: Eurostat, Labour Force Survey (LFS) annual average.
Unemployment rate (15-74)
2010 Women Men Gap
EU-27 9.6 9.7 0.1
Malta 7.1 6.8 -0.3
Source: Eurostat, Labour Force Survey (LFS) annual average.
Share of part-time workers in total employment (persons aged 15 and over)
2010 Women Men Gap
EU-27 31.9 8.7 -23.2
Malta 25 6 -19
Source: Eurostat, Labour Force Survey (LFS) annual average.
Members of single/lower houses of national parliaments
2011 Women Men Gap
EU-27 24.9 75.1 50.2
Malta 8.7 91.3 82.6
Source: European Commission, Justice DG, Database on women and men in decision making.
NB: Data for 2011 were collected during Q4 2011. The indicator was developed as part of the follow-up of the Beijing Platform for Action
in the EU Council of Ministers.
Sex distribution of leaders of businesses
2010 Women Men Gap
EU-27 33 67 34
Malta 20 80 60
Source: Eurostat, EU LFS.
NB: leaders of businesses covers ISCO (International Standard Classification of Occupations) categories 121 (Directors and chief executives)
and 13 (Managers of small enterprises).
For MT: data lack reliability due to small sample size.
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Employment rate of women and men aged (15-49) with or without children
2010 Women Men
With Without With Without
Difference Difference
children children children children
EU-27 64.7 76.7 -12 89.7 81 8.7
Malta 42.6 59.3 16.7 94.8 86.3 8.5
Source: Eurostat, Labour Force Survey (LFS), annual average.
Formal child care by age group
Up to 30 hours
2009 Total
30 hours and more
EU-27 14 13 27
Proportion of children up to 3 years cared
for by formal arrangements (up to 30 hours /
30 hours or more per usual week)
Malta 4 4 8
Proportion of children between 3 years
EU-27 40 44 84
and compulsory school age cared for by formal
arrangements (up to 30 hours / 30 hours
Malta 30 47 77
or more per usual week)
Source: Eurostat, EU-SILC 2009.
As formal arrangements are considered four types of childcare and education: Education at pre-school, Education at compulsory school,
Childcare at centre-based services outside school hours (before/after) and Childcare at day-care centre. Therefore, formal arrangements
include all kind of care organised/controlled by a structure (public, private). Care provided by childminders without any structure between
the carer and the parents (direct arrangements) have been excluded from the definition of  formal care in order to take into account only
childcare recognised as fulfilling certain quality patterns. The duration refers to average number of hours during a usual week. This infor-
mation is collected from EU-SILC.
Total working time (paid and unpaid) for men and women
2010 Women Men Gap
Paid working Paid working Paid working
Unpaid Unpaid Unpaid
hours + com- hours + com- hours + com-
working time working time working time
muting time muting time muting time
EU-27 24.5 37.4 9.2 44.1 -6.7 15.2
Malta 29.5 37.7 9.1 45.9 -8.2 20.4
Source: Eurofound  Fourth EWCS, 2010.
It has to be noted that the sample used only includes people who were in paid employment in the reference week of the survey. Due to this lim-
itation, caution should be exercised in interpreting the differences between women and men s average time spent for both paid employment
and unpaid domestic and family work. For instance, as regards paid employment, gender differences mainly reflect different patterns in the
gender distribution of part-time among EU Member States and not in the gender distribution of participation in employment in general. If all
working age persons were included (and not only those in paid employment) one would expect that both differences in time-use between women
and men would be more pronounced.
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At-risk-of-poverty rate after social transfers for older people (women and men aged 65 years and over)
2010 Women Men Gap
EU-27 22.6 16.2 -6.4
Malta 16 15 -1
Source: Eurostat. EU-27: EU-SILC aggregates are Eurostat estimates and computed as population weighted averages of national values.
At-risk-of-poverty rate for elderly persons: the share of persons aged 65+ with an income below the risk-of-poverty threshold,
which is set at 60 % of the national median income. Income must be understood as equivalised disposable income (sum from all
sources, adjusted for household size and composition). It should be noted that the risk-of-poverty indicator is computed using an
income definition which does not yet include imputed rent of owner-occupiers. Comparisons between sexes are based on the
assumption of equal sharing of resources within households.
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