2949774896
General factors
Damage mechanisms possible in tunnels
> Frost attack
> Corrosion of reinforcement induced by chloride from
• seawater
• deicing salts
> Carbonation of concrete due to
• bicarbonate exposure from ground water
• C02 from traffic exhaust in road tunnels
> External sulfate attack from
• ground water
• sulfide/sulfate containing bedrock/ground
> Alkali aggregate reaction (AAR): Reaction of aggregate with alkalis in porę solution of the concrete
i i anlaggningsprojekt Góleborg 2013-11
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