5441336635

BI EGZAMIN CERTYFIKACYJNY Z JĘZYKA ANGIELSKIEGO Pielęgniarstwo i Położnictwo

Reading comprehension Part 1

Read the text and decide if the sentences 1-6 are true (T) or false (F).

The gastrointestinal tract and associated organs are collectively called the digestive system. This system is responsible for receiving food and breaking it down by using enzymes from the glands and by the movement of the various parts of the intestinal tract; for absorbing these components into the blood; and for eliminating undigested food and certain metabolic wastes from the body. The alimentary canal extends from the mouth to the anus. It is a long tubę varying in size and shape depending on what function the particular part performs. The tract has a very good blood supply, because food, once it is broken down, has to be absorbed into the blood stream.

The mouth contains the tongue and the teeth and communicates with the salivary glands situated around it.

Behind the nose and the mouth is the pharynx. Leading from the pharynx is a muscular tubę called the oesophagus which passes down the thoracic cavity to the stornach.

The stornach lies below the diaphragm in the upper left side of the abdominal cavity. The opening into the smali intestine is called the pylorus and is closed by the pyloric sphincter. The smali intestine is a muscular tubę coiled up in the abdominal cavity. It is divided into three parts: the duodenum, the jejunum and the ileum. The large intestine, also a muscular tubę but with the wider lumen than the smali intestine, is often called the colon. It is divided into several different parts: the caecum, the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, the rectum and the anal canal.

The glands belonging to the digestive system are the salivary glands, the liver and the pancreas.

Ali the parts of the digestive system found in the abdominal cavity are either supported or slung in a fold of peritoneum. The name mesentery is given to the fold of peritoneum which slings most of the smali intestine from the posterior abdominal wali.

1.    The digestive system is composed of the gastrointestinal tract and some glands.

2.    The main function of the system is to supply the tissues with digested food.

3.    The alimentary canal extends from the mouth to the rectum.

4.    The salivary glands communicate with the pharynx.

5.    The stornach is located in the upper part of the abdomen.

6.    Ali the parts of the digestive system are found in the abdomen.

Reading comprehension Part 2

Read the text and answer the questions 7 - 12. Choose a, b or c.

Food, dangerous food

Tired? Want something to drink? Get a Coke or another fizzy drink and feel the effects on your mind and body!

We all do it, but for many English school kids, this is breakfast. Morę than 50,000 children who are 8-10 years old don't eat anything in the morning and come to school tired, empty and irritable.

And what are the hopes for healthy eating at school? Many schools now have a canteen where kids have a choice. And so they decide to take pizza and chips instead of salad and fish. When you are young, you think you will never die and don't care about 'adult' problems like obesity and heart diseases. The Heart Foundation has just started a campaign to show that bad eating habits from our childhood are often the most important causes of heart problems when we are older.