Class 10 – Financial market – vocabulary

• share (= stock) – udział akcyjny

  • one of the equal parts into which the ownership of a company is divided

• stake – wkład pieniężny

  • if you have a stake in a business, you have invested money in it

• mutual fund (= unit trust) – fundusz powierniczy

  • an arrangement managed by a company, in which you can buy shares in many different businesses

• bourse (= stock exchange) – giełda papierów wartościowych

  • a place where stocks and shares are bought and sold

• investment grade – ocena inwestycji

  • ratings awarded to high quality corporate and government securities

• junk bond (= high-yield bond) – obligacja śmieciowa

  • a high-risk, non-investment-grade bond with a low credit rating

• inflation – inflacja

  • the overall general upward price movement of goods and services in an economy

• principal – kapitał

  • the original amount of money that is lent to someone

• treasury bond – obligacja skarbowa

  • coupon-bearing debt obligation issued by the government

• tracker fund –

  • a fund which tracks one of the stock market indices

• endowment – dofinansowanie

  • a sum of money given to a college, hospital etc to provide it with an income

• capital requirement – wymagania kapitałowe

  • the amount of money a business needs for its normal operations

• price elasticity – elastyczność cenowa

  • the sensitive a company’s sales to changes in the products’ price

• market penetration – penetracja rynku

  • the activity of increasing the market share of an existing product, or promoting a new product through strategies

• barriers to entry – bariery wejścia

  • that obstruct or restrict entry of new firms into an industry or market

• market capitalization – kapitalizacja rynkowa

  • share price multiplied by total number of issued shares

• earnings growth – wzrost przychodów

  • a measure of growth in a company's net income over a specific period

• p/e ratio – współczynnik cena/wartość

  • the measure of how expensive a stock is

• dividend yield – dochód z dywidendy

  • the yield a company pays out to its shareholders in the form of dividends

• return on equity – stopa zwrotu

  • a measure of how well a company used reinvested earnings to generate additional earnings

• resistance –

  • inability of a stock to rise above a certain price

• support –

  • a price level which a security has had difficulty falling below

• volume –

  • the number of shares, bonds or contracts traded during a given period

• breadth – rozmach

  • the number of individual stocks participating in the movement of an index

• momentum – tempo

  • the strength of a trend, as measured by speed and length of time

• trading channel –

  • two parallel lines drawn on a chart that contain all price movements over a time period

• liquidity -

  • a new money available to invest in the market