new proficiency gold course book unit


UNIT 13

The price of success

Reading

Paper 1, Part 3

1) Interview a partner using these questions.

2) The following extract is from a novel by Amy Tan, a Chinese-American whose parents emigrated to the USA from China when she was a child. In the novel, she writes about a girl in a similar situation to herself. You will find some examples of non-standard English in some of the direct and reported speech, reflecting the influence of the mother's Chinese background.

Read the main part of the text quickly and answer the following questions. Do not look at the jumbled paragraphs on page 183 yet.

AMERICA was where all my mother's hopes lay. She had come to San Francisco in 1949 after losing everything in China: her mother and father, her family home, her first husband and two daughters, twin baby girls. But she never looked back with regret. There were so many ways for things to get better.

1 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

We didn't immediately pick the right kind of prodigy. At first my mother thought I could be a Chinese Shirley Temple*. We'd watch Shirley's old movies on TV as though they were training films. My mother would poke my arm and say `Ni kan' - you watch. And I would see Shirley tossing her curls and singing a sailor song, or pursing her lips into a very round O while saying `Oh my goodness.'

`Ni kan,' said my mother as Shirley's eyes flooded with tears. `You already know hoe. Don't need talent for crying!'

2 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

The instructor had to lop off these soggy clumps to make my hair even again. `Short hair is very popular these days,' she assured my mother. I now had hair the length of a boy's, with straight-across bangs that hung at a slant two inches above my eyebrows. I liked the haircut and it made me actually look forward to my future fame.

3 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

In all my imaginings I was filled with a sense that I would soon become perfect. My mother and father would adore me. I would be beyond reproach. I would never feel the need to sulk for anything. But sometimes the prodigy in me became patient. `If you don't hurry up and get me out of here, I'm disappearing for good,' it warned. `And then you'll always be nothing.'

4 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

First she brought out a story about a three-year-old boy who knew the main cities in all the states in America and even most of the European countries. A teacher was quoted as saying the little boy could also pronounce the names of the foreign cities correctly. `What's the capital of Finland?' my mother asked me, looking at the magazine story. `Nairobi!' I guessed, saying the most foreign word I could think of. She checked to see if that was possibly one way to pronounce `Helsinki' before showing me the answer.

8 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

One night I had to look at a page in the Bible for three minutes and then report everything I could remember. `Now Jehoshaphat had riches and honor in abundance and … that's all I remember, Ma,' I said. And seeing my mother's disappointed face once again, something inside of me began to die. I hated the tests, the raised hopes and failed expectations.

6 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

And then I saw what seemed to be the prodigy side of me - because I had never seen that face before. The girl staring back at me was angry, powerful. This girl and I were the same. I had new thoughts, willful thoughts, or rather thoughts filled with lots of won'ts. O won't let her change me, I promised myself. I won't be what I'm not.

7 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

And the next day, I played a game with myself, seeing if my mother would give up on me before it sounded eight times. After a while I usually counted only one, maybe two at most. At last she was beginning to give us hope.

*Shirley Temple - a child film star the 1930s

3) Read the text again carefully. Choose from the paragraphs A-H the one which best fits each gap. There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. Remember to:

A

So now on nights when my mother presented her tests, I performed listlessly, my head propped on one arms. I pretended to be bored. And I was. I got so bored I started counting the bellows of the foghorn out on the bay while my mother drilled me.

B

The tests hot harder - multiplying numbers in my head, finding the queen of hearts in a deck of cards, predicting the daily temperatures in Los Angeles, New York and London.

C

You're just not trying,' said my mother. And she was neither angry nor sad. She said it as it to announce a fact that could never be disproved.

D

Soon after my mother got this idea, she took me to a beauty training school and put me in the hands of a student who could barely hold the scissors without shaking. Instead of shiny ringlets, I emerged with an uneven mass of crinkly black fuzz. My mother dragged me off to the bathroom and tried to wet it down to straighten it, complaining loudly as though I'd done it on purpose.

E

Every night after dinner my mother and I would sit at the kitchen table. She would present me with tests, taking her examples from stories of amazing children she had read in the magazines she got from people whose houses she cleaned.

F

You could open a restaurant. You could work for the government and get good retirement. You could become rich. You could become instantly famous.

`Of course, you can be prodigy, too,' my mother told me when I was nine. You can be best anything.'

G

In fact, in the beginning, I was just excited as my mother, maybe even more so. I pictured this prodigy part of me as many different images, trying each one on for size. I was a dainty ballerina standing by the curtains, waiting to hear the right music that would send me floating on my tiptoes. I was Cinderella stepping from her pumpkin carriage with sparkly cartoon music filling the air.

H

Before going to bed that night, I looked in the mirror above the bathroom sink and when I saw only my face staring back - and that it would always be this ordinary face - I began to cry. Such a sad, ugly girl! I made high-pitched noises like a crazed animal, trying to scratch out the face in the mirror.

4) Read through the whole text again.

1 In what order does the girl experience the following emotions? Find evidence from the text to support your answer.

disappointment and frustration

rebellion

determination to be herself

optimism and excitement

2 How do you think the situation described at the end of the extract could have been avoided? Think of some advice you could give to a) the mother b) the daughter.

3 In what ways have your family encouraged you to achieve your potential? In what ways have they left you free to make your own choices.

Listening

Paper 4, Part 1

1) Work in pairs. What is your definition of success? Write a short definition that you can both agree on.

2) You will hear four different extracts. For questions 1-8, choose the answer (A, B or D) which fits best according to what you hear.

Extract One

You hear a woman talking about how she became involved in sport.

1 The speaker says she was successful in the triathlon because she

A was talented.

B had little competition.

C was lucky.

2 She wanted to compete again because she enjoyed the

A success.

B acclaim.

C challenge.

Extract Two

You hear a contestant in a TV quiz show being interviewed after the show.

3 Before Pete went on the show he felt

A confident.

B nervous.

C determined.

4 At the end of the show he

A was satisfied with his performance.

B regretted losing the money.

C wished he had answered a different question.

Extract Three

You hear a man talking about his career.

5 How did the speaker feel about his father when he was younger?

A grateful for his support

B afraid of opposing him

C comfortable talking to him

6 The speaker regrets

A not having tried acting.

B becoming a lawyer.

C taking money from his father

Extract Four

You hear a motorcycling champion, Darren, talking about his sport.

7 When he doesn't win, Darren

A makes the best of it.

B is devastated.

C hides his feelings.

8 What does Darren suggest about motorcycling?

A He prefers it to an ordinary job.

B It's an unpleasant environment to work in.

C Not all of the skills required can be taught.

3) Look back at the definition of success you came up with in exercise 1, and discuss it in relation to what you have heard. Which speaker do you consider has actually been the most successful?

Improving your writing

In Units 1, 3 and 9, you identified and corrected errors in the areas of writing listed below. This section gives further practice in these areas.

1) The extracts below were written by Proficiency students. Match each extract A-H to one of the task types 1-5 below. Think about both content and style. Ignore the underlined mistakes for the moment.

A

Those providing financial backing always have to hold competitions in places where they can 1make a fortune. Professional sport is only for the rich not for the poor because the tickets 2have been so expensive that the poor can't afford 3it. 4It's not fair, is it? I recommend that entrance to the football stadium should be cheaper so that all the people who 5fancy the game can come and watch. I recommend to the committee an immediate reduction in ticket prices based on my finding.

B

Modern life 1has both good and not good input, especially the young generation. Every day we live with high technology, 2smong them are television and cinema. Television and film producers are doing their best to attract people by presenting violence, and this is seen 3clear in this film.

C

By 14.00 1it was downpouring heavily and four inches of rain had 2increased in the 3past hour. People were 4informed to stay in their houses because the situation outside was getting worse. People were angry with the authorities. Why 5did the forecasters 6excluded this combination of 7the weather conditions? Many people were trapped in trees and others injured themselves by trying to save their homes.

D

To sum up, it is good to have dreams and to 1put goals in your life, and of course to fight to 2fulfil all of them, but even if you succeed, what will 3be their value if you don't have you health. In short, health is clearly the most important thing in life.

E

So if someone commits a crime, he goes to prison `It's fair', said Judge Taylor, `provided that the prison has regulations and humane and sanitary conditions.' But I can't 1stop thinking that for some crimes another 2way of punishment might be better and more effective. 3I simply think about a place where they give criminals 4an obligatory work without payment, and provide them only with a place to sleep and something to eat for a period of time.

F

Some people questioned believe that apart from human rights there are also animal rights and consequently we should all be as sensitive to 1animals' abuse as to humans' abuse. In my investigation I saw that there is a large number of animals which are used as subjects 2to scientific experiments and unfortunately, nearly 3most of them die or those which manage to 4go through these experiments are left with some kind of permanent 5disability. So this raises another practical issue to address which has to do with the balance of nature, as 6the numbers of some animals due to these experiments is tending to 7diwndle. These findings lead me to my conclusion and recommendations which I outline below.

G

One of the most famous and 1interested museums on the world is the British Museum 2at London. It is a huge building 3overwhelmed with relics, and works of art that 4can impress every visitor.

H

As we all know, stress has always been a very negative factor in our lives because of 1it's bad side effects. Today life is much more stressful. There are thousands of cities overcrowded with people and no jobs. Thus, a lot of people are out of work. Others, in order to 2bring home the bacon and educate their children, 3work like dogs ate any job they can find. So it life actually more stressful than ever before?

2) Work with a partner. Read through the extracts again, looking at the underlined words and phrases. Decide what type of mistake each one is (collocation, grammar, vocabulary or style) and correct each one.

3) The extract below range of vocabulary and structure. Work with a partner. Identify the task type. (Use the list in Exercise 1 to help you.) Then improve the range of vocabulary and structure.

I live in a small town with about 40,000 habitants. It is situated in the suburbs of Lyon. So it's cleaner and there are more green places. With bus and underground it's really easy to go in Lyon's town centre. So I can have advantages of the town and the country.

4) The extract below is the introduction to an argumentative essay about what makes people happy. The paragraph is badly organized and the ideas are not well linked.

1 Work with a partner. Read the extract and discuss what changes you would like to make.

Happiness is related to many things such as health, family, career, which we consider to be the ones that give us happiness. Therefore, if money could help us to improve one of the things mentioned above and if we had the money to do so this would mean that money could help us attain happiness. However, hoe far is this actually true?

2 Read the two rewritten versions A and B on page 239. Discuss which version is better, and why.

Language Focus: Vocabulary

1) Phrasal verbs with get and go

1 Read through the text below. Then choose a phrasal verb from the box to replace each of the words or expressions in italics.

After (1) passing his final law exams with flying colours, Oscar (2) applied for a variety of highly-paid jobs, and soon found one he liked. It was hard work at first, but he soon found his feet and (3) concentrated on making as much money as possible. However, his money-making schemes were so complex that he did not (4) have enough time for making friends or building up a social life.

Feeling stressed, he went to his doctor who warned him that his lifestyle was leading him to a nervous breakdown. She said he'd (5) escaped it up to now, but needed to change his lifestyle. She advised him to (6) take part in some type of sport and recommended climbing, saying it would suit his drive to reach the top. She was right. He became so successful as a climber that he gave up his job and (7) managed to make a living with the money he earned writing about his exploits. When his third book was published he was asked whether he was happier now than when he was making a lot of money. `Of course,' he replied. `There's more to life than just (8) being successful financially.'

get on go ahead with

get through go in for

get away with something

get by go for

get down to go into

get round to

2 Read the story again. Do you agree with Oscar's changed attitude to success?

3 Look at the phrasal verbs you didn't use. Write a sentence about your own ambitions using each one.

2) Idioms with get and go

1 Read the following text. Then replace the words in italics with an idiom from the box. You may need to make other changes.

I've always believed there's only one way to achieve success: you've just got to (1) put all your effort into it. Even if you seem to be (2) making no progress whatsoever, you have to (3) strive to get what you want. You may find you've got no-one to lend a helping hand, you may have to (4) struggle without help, but if you can (5) achieve more than the rest, then you'll make it to the top.

get up and go

get your act together

get nowhere/somewhere

go one better than …

go for it

go all out for something/to do something

go it alone

have a go at something

2 What difference have these changes made to the style of the text?

3 Look at the expressions you didn't use. What do they mean? Write a sentence including each of them.

4 Do you agree that it is always possible to achieve success by individual effort?

3) Compound nouns formed from verbs

Χ it was downpouring heavily (text, p. 185)

the rain was pouring down

there was a heavy downpour

Complete the sentences below with a compound noun including the word given. You may need to change the form of the word.

4) Use of English: Paper 3, Part 3

Think of one word only which can be used appropriately in all three sentences.

1 Insects such as mosquitoes and lice …………… many serious diseases.

He was required to …………… all the details in his head, as it was too dangerous to commit them to paper.

All our products are fully refundable in case of dissatisfaction and …………… a full twelve month guarantee.

2 Pam's husband has supported her every …………… of the way, in spite of the problems.

As part of her job, Alison tries to keep in …………… with all new developments in fashion.

He needed to be one …………… ahead of his opponent in order to win.

3 He has an interesting …………… of videos and CDs, including several not usually available in this country.

They knew they were on great danger as the ship was within …………… of the enemy guns.

We finally reached the top of the pass, only to find another mountain …………… facing us.

4 He spent about an hour trying to explain it all to me but I still felt totally …………… - it just seemed impossible.

His kind words were completely …………… on her - she was too immersed in her own thoughts.

Celia didn't notice how long the flight took; she spent the whole time …………… in her book.

5 Add the flour and sugar to the eggs and …………… them together until the mixture becomes light and fluffy.

The bird …………… its wings in a desperate effort to escape from the trap.

The administration claim that they are about to …………… inflation

6 She asked if I wanted a hand with the bags but I told her I could …………… them on my own.

I honestly don't know how we're going to …………… now Keith's lost his job.

I've really had enough, but I think I could …………… another of those delicious cakes if you insist.

Listening

Paper 4, Part 2

1)

1 Look at the situations below. In which situation do you think mental attitudes might play the greatest part in succeeding or failing?

2 Discuss the following questions

2) You will hear a talk being given to a group of students by a businessman. Before you listen, look through the gapped sentences below. What can you predict about his talk.

1 The speaker says that everyone feels (1) when they are successful.

2 The fear of (2) can be encouraging.

3 Time pressure may be given as a reason for nor using the (3) of life.

4 The speaker suggests that people should first (4) their main fear.

5 He says that even if you fall, this can make you (5) than you were.

6 You can't anticipate the (6) of others.

7 You can control your fears better if you visualise the (7) of success.

8 The speaker denies that success is based on (8)

9 For him, the (9) he got from success was its main reward.

3) Now listen and complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. When you have finished, check that the words you have written are spelled correctly and that they make sense in the sentence as a whole.

4)

1 Match the verbs and nouns to form phrases connected with achieving success.

1 play a) a chance

2 take b) in glory

3 set c) your mark

4 seize d) results

5 handle e) an aim

6 bask f) it safe

7 make g) something well

8 accomplish h) yourself a target

9 get i) an opportunity

2 Can you think of a time when you or someone you know did any of the things in the list above? Tell your partner what happened.

Use of English

Paper 3, Part 1

1) Look at the picture and discuss these questions.

1 How is the man feeling?

2 What kind of sacrifices do you think he might have had to make to achieve his success?

2) The following text is by Roger Black, a British athlete who won both team and individual Olympic medals. First, read the text through to get a general idea of its content, then fill each of the gaps with one suitable word. Finally, read the text again to make sure your answers make sense.

The meaning of success

Success is simple. It comes when you focus solely (0) on what you can control and don't put (1)……………under the pressure of worrying (2)………….what everybody (3)…………does. Even though someone (4)………… beat you in a race, they cannot (5)………… away your own sense of achievement. Many people feel, `I've (6) ………… to win or it's not (7) ………… doing.' Only one person is going to win, so if winning is everything, you will be disappointed.

But you can be a winner (8) ………… saying, `I ran my perfect race', because then your success is not (9) ………… on a gold medal.

In 1996 I was looking (10) ………… an art gallery. It had been at the (11) ………… of my mind to see if I could (12) ………… upon any inspiration in what was an Olympic year, (13) ………… I was drawn to a magnificent sculpture of a gymnast inspired by an Olympic motto I had never heard of until then: The essence lies not in the victory but in the struggle.

The (14) ………… I thought about it the better it got. To me the message is that there is no (15) …………..

In achieving any goal if you have not learned from or enjoyed the journey. I bought the sculpture.

3) Discuss these questions.

1 Compare the writer's attitude towards success with others you have discussed in this unit.

2 The writer found inspiration in a sculpture. Discuss any objects, ideas, or people that have inspired you personally, and explain why they were important to you.

Language Focus: Grammar

Clauses of concession

1) How else could the idea below be expressed? Look back at the cloze exercise opposite to help you.

`Another man may beat you in a race, but the cannot take your sense of achievement from you.'

2) Use of English: Paper 3, Part 4

Complete the second sentence with three to eight words so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. These transformations all involve different ways of expressing concessions. If necessary, refer to the Grammar reference on page 225 to help you.

1 That leather jacket is too expensive for me, even though I really like it. as

I can't afford……………….…………………………………………………………………….I like it.

2 He could never win the game, although he did his best. hard

However……………………………………………………………………………………..lost the game.

3 Although they were incredibly nervous, their performance was brilliant. yet.

They were incredibly nervous,……………………………………………………………… performance.

4 In spite of all her efforts, she failed the rests. even

She didn't manage ……………………………………………………………………………very hard.

5 `She can dance, but, her singing leaves a lot to be desired,' said the casting director. while

The casting director pointed out that …………………………………………….……… good enough.

6 Whatever you do, you'll always be successful in my eyes. no

To me you'll always be a ……………………………………………………………………………. do.

7 She got the job even though she had no qualifications. being

She was appointed………………………………………………………………….…………… the job.

8 Although I understand his position, he must still make a written apology. same

I understand his position, ……………………………………………………………………. writing.

  • Grammar reference p. 225

Exam Focus

Paper 5 (complete interview)

The complete interview lasts nineteen minutes. And you have to take it with a partner. There will be an examiner who will just listen and an interlocutor who will ask you questions and give you tasks to complete.

You are assessed on:

There is also a general mark given for your overall performance throughout the test.

Although it is very important that you interact with your partner, you will always be assessed on your own individual performance, and you will not be compared with your partner.

The interview has three parts, which are not connected in theme or topic.

In Part 1 the examiner will ask you about yourself and your opinions.

In Part 2 you have to work with your partner to complete a task based on pictures.

In Part 3 you each have a `long turn' where you are given a prompt card and have to talk on your own for two minutes. This is followed by general discussion between you, your partner and the interlocutor, based on the topic of the two long turns.

Part One

In the first part of the interview the interlocutor will ark each of you some general question to make you feel at ease and to give you the chance to show how you can talk socially. You may be asked to give opinions as well as facts about yourself.

You will do this with the interlocutor in the exam, but to practise this you will work with your partner.

1) Work with a partner. Look at the following areas of conversation. Ask your partner questions that will give them a chance to talk naturally and fluently.

Can you tell me about your home and family?

2) Now answer your partner's questions. Try to give interesting answers which express your personality and background, and which demonstrate how much vocabulary you know.

Part Two

In the second part of the interview you have to work with your partner. You will be given a task to complete based on pictures. It is important that you listen carefully to the interlocutor's instructions so that you can complete the task correctly. The task will have two sections: the first section is one minute and the second is three minutes.

In the exam you will be given a number of pictures, from one up to a maximum of seven, to look at together. In the first section of the task, you may have to talk about only one or two of the pictures, but in the second section you will have to talk about them all. Don't simply describe the pictures. You have to talk about the issues or points that the pictures raise, not about the pictures themselves.

1) Work with a partner. Read the task below.

1 Here are some pictures of people in the public eye. Look at pictures 3 and 5 say how you think the people might be feeling.

2 Now look at all the pictures.

An enquiry is being held into the behaviour of the press, and all the pictures will be used as evidence. Talk together about the different aspects of press behaviour suggested by the pictures, and decide which aspects you find most unacceptable.

(HINT: There are two points to cover here: The different aspects of press behaviour - including both positive and negative effects of such photos - and the discussion of which one is most unacceptable. Remember to discuss both.)

2) Listen to two students discussing the task. You will hear short extracts from their conversation. Notice how the students talk about the issues illustrated in the pictures rather than describing them. As you listen, mark which of the phrases below they use.

.

It seems to me that one of the important points to bear in mind is …

Well, that might be true, but what about …?

That's a good point …

What I think is …

Don't you think that …?

What I mean is …

Exam Strategy

Listen carefully to the interlocutor's instructions and remember to talk about the issues illustrated in the pictures. Remember that this is a shared task and that you should try to reach an agreement.

Part Three

The third part of the interview takes twelve minutes, and is not related to the topic of Part Two. You will be given a card with a question and some prompts. You have to talk about the topic for two minutes. You do not need to use the prompts on the card if you already have lots of ideas about the topic. But they will help if you can't think of anything to say. If you run out of ideas, try to relate the topic t your own experience. After you have spoken for two minutes, your partner will be asked a follow-up question based on what you have said. Then you will both be asked another general follow-up question by the interlocutor.

Your partner will then be given a prompt card on a related topic and asked to talk for two minutes. After the follow-up questions, the interlocutor will start a general discussion by asking further questions related to the theme of the two prompt cards.

Look back at Unit 1, page 18 for a procedure for dealing with the prompt card.

1) Read the prompt card below. Make notes on the ideas you would include.

How would you define success in the modern world?

  • relationships

  • opportunities

  • finances

2) Listen to a student discussing the question on the prompt card and compare his answer with your notes. Did he include the same ideas? Was the talk logical and clear?

3) Work with a partner. You should each talk for two minutes about the topic on the prompt card. Then give each other feedback on the ideas and organization of your talks.

(HINT: Look back over the topics you have studied in this coursebook to practice this part of the interview. Set yourself questions to talk about for two minutes. You could record your talk and listen for accuracy and general interest.)

4) To finish the interview, the interlocutor will ask some further questions, which you will not see. The interlocutor will only ask as many questions as are necessary to keep the conversation going. This part of the interview lasts about four minutes, so you will need to talk about the topic in detail. To practice this, discuss the following questions, which develop the theme of success.

Exam Strategy

  • Although you will not have any time to prepare your talk, try to think in a logical way and organize your ideas into an introduction, a main part and a conclusion. Remember that the prompts are there to give you ideas on the topic but you do not need to use them.

  • Always listen carefully to your partner's talk as you will be asked a question by the examiner on what they have said.

  • In the final part of the interview you have the opportunity to interact with your partner without having a task to complete. You need to have plenty to say about the topic and to use strategies to maintain a good flow of conversation.

  • Don't try to dominate the conversation when you are interacting with your partner. You will get marks for asking questions and using conversation strategies.

Writing

Paper 2, Part 1 (article)

In unit 9 you wrote an article for Paper 2, Part 2. This had a descriptive focus. For Part 1, you may also be asked to write an article. In this case you will have to discuss the topic rather than describe a situation or event, and you will be given some input to use as the basis for your writing.

1) Read the following writing task.

TASK

You have seen the extract below in an article in a local newspaper and have read the letter sent in to the newspaper in response to the article. Readers have been asked to send in their opinions. You decide to write an article discussing the points raised by both the original article and the letter.

(300-350 words)

Rare award for Scouting

A PERTIGIOUS scouting award was handed out to Joseph Reynolds on Saturday night in front of an audience of over 300 local people. Mr Reynolds received the Silver Acorn in recognition of his 34 years of service to scouting. He said, `Not many people get this award - I was overjoyed.'

To the Editor:

Do we really need to gather 300 people together to see someone being given a `Silver Acorn'? Ceremonies such as this are a waste of time and money - and what good is a silver acorn to anyone? Surely such awards are meaningless in today's world.

2) In groups, discuss the following questions.

3) Read the article below, which was written in answer to the task. What is the writer's opinion about the value of awards for outstanding achievements? (There are some problems of language and organization; ignore these for now.)

There are many awards given out these days in many different walks of life - pop music, film, social service, scouting - but what is the value of these awards in real terms? I saw a pop group get an award in television last week and there was a big dinner for them afterwards. Some people, like the writer of the letter, believe that they are worthless. When I first read the letter, I agreed with this point of view but then, thinking of what such awards may mean to those who actually receive them, I started to revise my opinion. The modern world is very cynical and materialistic; the majority of people seem to be out for what they can get, seeing reward solely in terms of material gain. But when a person achieves something special in their particular field, or spends years working for others, as Mr Reynolds has done, why should they not receive some symbol of recognition from the society they live in? After all, it was a really nice award, silver with writing around the base.

Mr Reynolds' hard work has clearly been of benefit to the young people he worked with. Although he may feel that their appreciation is reward enough, it must be gratifying for his efforts to be publicly recognised.

Is acknowledging the achievements of others old-fashioned? I don't think so. In fact, I think it's great if they can really enjoy it, and I bet Mr Reynolds is dead pleased, and so are all the other people who get awards. If society ignores the efforts made by individuals, there is a danger that they may feel their work is not worthwhile. And anyway, I think people get a kick out of being told they've done well.

All in all I feel such awards are valuable - they do not cost the tax payer anything and they make those who receive them feel appreciated. If we lose such symbols, we lose more than a `Silver Acorn'.

(333 words)

4) Look back at both the newspaper extract and the letter. Which points has the writer used from each?

5)

1 This article should be divided into three paragraphs. Look back at the article and mark where you think each new paragraph should start.

2 What is the focus of each paragraph?

6)

1 Two sentences in the article give information which is irrelevant to the topic. Find these sentences and cross them out.

2 Two further sentences contain language which is too informal, or ideas which are expressed too personally. Find these sentences, underline them, and rewrite them in a more appropriate way.

7)

1 Read the following writing task

TASK

You have seen the following extract in a newspaper article. Readers have been asked to send in their opinions. You decide to write an article for publication in the newspaper addressing the points raised and expressing your own views.

Write your article.

(300-350 words)

Government withdraws funding for gifted children

THE MINISTER of Education today announced that funding would no longer be available for schools for children of exceptional intellectual ability. `We feel that priority should be given to disadvantaged children, rather than to those who are likely to succeed in any case,' he said.

Jane Harries, Head Teacher of one of the affected schools, said, `It is a tragic decision. Gifted children cannot realize their full potential without the challenge and support we provide; they are our country's future and we can't afford to let them down.'

2 Decide what your opinion is. (do you agree with the point of view of the Minister of Education, or the Head Teacher?)

3 Make notes on ideas to support your point of view.

4 Plan your article using the organisational structure you identified in Exercise 5.

8) Write your article. When you have finished, check and edit your work carefully. Pay special attention to the organisation of ideas, and the use of an appropriate style.

UNIT 13 review and extension

1) Think of one word only which can be used appropriately in all three sentences.

1 I found that the sports car……………particularly badly on wet roads.

The advice service……………..a useful function until it was closed last year.

He…………in front of a live audience last week for the first time.

2 We need a new captain who can……………the team to regain their past form.

The new manager doesn't exactly………………….confidence in his workers

His meeting with this unknown woman was to ………………….. his greatest poem.

3 He was so shocked after the accident that the police couldn't get any ……………. out of him at all.

They were certainly under a lot of pressure, although this in no…………………. excuses their actions.

The whole sorry affair left me with a …………………………..of complete helplessness.

4 The existing range will soon be ……………….. by an entirely generation of multifunctional products.

If he had……………………. in this round, he could have gone on to the finals.

Once Flavia had ………………. Simon as chief executive, she revealed her plans for the company.

5 The police have several theories about the case, but no …………………… evidence as yet.

She found all this sudden concern for her welfare rather ………………………. To take.

He found that running 50 miles a week was very ………………………. on his knee joints, and finally gave it up.

6 Winning the championship was a personal ………. for Boardman, as well as for everyone in his team.

There were yells of ……………… from the campaigners when the result of the election was announced.

The revolutionary new museum building has been acclaimed as a ……………………. of modern design.

2) Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.

When we think of the future we think of a (0) digital world opening out in front of us, where (DIGIT) vast amounts of data are transmitted at the speed of light for the general good (or bad) of (1) …………… . (HUMAN) We try to (2) …………… a new type of existence, where (VISUAL) limits are broken and things happen that we can't even dream about. Not (3) …………… so, cry many (NNED) social (4) …………… who say that our society is in fact (COMMENT) becoming more medieval.

Their argument goes like this: the greatest gulf between medieval and 21st-century thought is the (5) …………… today that no matter what things may (ASSUME) look like on the surface, the world is fundamentally (6) …………… and there is no order. In the Middle Ages (COHERE) the exact opposite was the case - but there is now a hankering to return to this happier order. People nowadays think that progress only causes anxiety and (7) …………… . They see it as creating (STABLE) divisions between its (6) …………… and those who are (BENEFIT) left behind, remaining as confused (9) …………… living (STAND) on the (10) …………… of society. (SKIRT)

3) Why would this photo be suitable for inclusion in a magazine article about pension schemes and their benefits?



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