A Common Use of the 'den' Suffix --

To denote directional meaning

Meaning
of 'den'

Helper

word

English Example

Turkish Translation

'from'

none

Hüseyin got the car out of (from) the
garage and brought it to the front of the
house.

Hüseyin arabay

I

garajdan ç

I

kard

I

ve

evin önüne getirdi.

'from'

none

Mrs. Dalrimple buys fresh bread and cake
from the bakery on Thursdays.

Bayan Dalrimple Persembe günleri
f

I

r

I

ndan taze kek ve ekmek al

I

r.

'from'

none

You're now [here] at the school. Leave
(from) the school and turn left. A little
further on there's a traffic signal. Turn
right at (from) the traffic signal and walk
on a little. Then turn (from the) left at the
first road and go straight. The first big
building on the right hand side is the
library.

Simdi okuldas

I

n

I

z. Okuldan ç

I

k

I

n ve

sola dönün. Biraz ilerde trafik

I

s

I

g

I

var. Trafik

I

s

I

g

I

ndan saga dönün ve

biraz yürüyün. Sonra ilk yoldan sola
dönün ve dogru gidin. Sag tarafta ilk
büyük bina kütüphanedir.

A Common Use of the 'den' Suffix --

Mandatory or frequent use with certain verbs

(but 'den' has no meaning at all, in these cases

)

Use/Meaning of 'den'

Helper

word

English Example

Turkish Translation

Meaningless, but frequent use
with some verbs, like
‘memnun(mak)’

none

I’m glad to return home
again.

Tekrar eve dönmekten
memnunum.

Meaningless, but frequent use
with some verbs, like
‘(yukar

I

) ç

I

kmak’

none

He went up the ladder.

Merdivenden yukar

I

ç

I

k

t

I

.

Meaningless, but frequent use none

They always go by (pass)

Her zaman postanenin yan

I

ndan

with some verbs, like
‘geçmek’

the post office.

(önünden) geçerler.

Meaningless, but mandatory
use with some verbs, like ‘söz
etmek’

none

It’s said that you can find
a ghost in the old castle.

Eski satoda bir hayalet
bulundugundan söz ediliyor.

Meaningless, but mandatory
use with some verbs, like
‘korkmak’

none

Don’t be afraid to talk to
the boss.

Patronla konusmaktan korkma.

Meaningless, but mandatory
use with some verbs, like
‘nefret etmek’

none

I hate cold weather.

Soguk havadan nefret ediyorum.

Meaningless, but mandatory
use with some verbs, like
‘hoslanmak’

none

I liked Paris in the
Autumn.

Son baharda Paristen hosland

I

m.

Meaningless, but mandatory
use with some verbs, like
‘yararlanmak’

none

Studying is easier when
you can make good use
of the large public
libraries.

Büyük halk kitapl

I

klar

I

ndan

yararlan

I

labildigi zaman çal

I

sma

daha kolayd

I

r.

A Common Use of the 'den' Suffix --

In comparative or relational constructions

Use/Meaning of 'den'

Helper

word

English Example

Turkish Translation

As a
Comparison/Relation
Facilitator

none

I like Gümüldür much more than New
Yawk City.

[Compared to NYC, I like

Gümüldür much more.]

Gümüldürü New Yawk
City’den daha çok
begeniyorum.

As a
Comparison/Relation
Facilitator

none

We never have more money than we
need.

[Compared to our needs, it's never

possible (to have) too much of our money.]

Hiç bir zaman
ihtiyac

I

m

I

zdan fazla

param

I

z olmaz.

As a

none

Mary loves him more than I do.

Mary onu benim

Comparison/Relation
Facilitator

[Compared to my loving him, Mary loves
(him) more.]

sevdigimden daha çok
seviyor.

As a
Comparison/Relation
Facilitator

none

He’s going to be taller than his father.

[Compared to his father, he'll be taller.]

Babas

I

ndan daha uzun

boylu olacak.

As a
Comparison/Relation
Facilitator

none

John is smarter than either one of his
brothers.

[Compared to both his brothers,

John is smarter.]

John (erkek) kardeslerinin
ikisinden (her biriden) de
daha zekidir.

As a
Comparison/Relation
Facilitator

none

His eldest son is five years older than
the youngest son.

[Compared to his

youngest son, the eldest son is 5 years older.]

En büyük (yasl

I

) ogul onun

en küçük erkek kardesinden
bes yas daha büyük.

As a
Comparison/Relation
Facilitator

none

My Dad says we are to spend no more
than 50 cents. [My dad says we can’t
spend one kurus

(old Turkish monetary

unit)

more than 50 cents.]

[My father,

"In relation to 50 cents, you can't spend one
kurus more," he says.]

Babam, elli sentten bir
kurus fazla
harcamayacaks

I

n

I

z, diyor.

As a
Comparison/Relation
Facilitator

none

Mary is too young for John to marry.

[In relation to John, Mary is so young that
she can not marry with him.]

Mary, John’dan onunla
evlenemeyecek kadar
küçüktür.

A Common Use of the 'den' Suffix --

In Idiomatic 'post-position' Constructions

Meaning of 'den' construction

Helper

word

English Example

Turkish Translation

'-meden/madan'
(without)

none

He spoke impulsively
(without thinking).

Düsünmeden söyledi.

'-den/dan'

bu yana

She's been in bed with the flu

Cumartesiden bu yana

(since)

since Saturday.

gripten yataktayd

I

.

'-meden/madan ...'
(before)

önce

Five minutes before we left, I
became ill.

Biz ayr

I

lmadan bes dakika

önce, rahats

I

z oldum.

'-dikten/d

I

ktan ...'

(besides, apart from doing, in
addition to doing)

baska

In addition to learning this
song, he can sing it well too.

O bu sark

I

y

I

ögrendikten

baska iyi de söyler.

'-mad

I

ktan ...'

(besides, apart from doing, in
addition to doing)

baska

Besides being unable to
speak Turkish, you don't
know English either!

Türkçe konusamad

I

ktan

baska, ingilizce de bilmezsin!

'-diginden ...'
(besides the fact, apart from
the fact, in addition to the fact)

baska

Apart from the fact that he
doesn't pay the rent, he's a
very nice tenant.

Ev kiras

I

n

I

ödemediginden

baska, aksine iyi de bir kirac

I

.

'-meden ...'
(before)

evvel

Don't light the Christmas tree
lights before I get there.

Ben gelmeden evvel Noel
agac

I

n

I

n

I

s

I

klar

I

n

I

açmay

I

n

I

z.

A Common Use of the 'den' Suffix --

In Certain 'Modern' Word and Phrase Interpretations

Note: There is a thin line that determines whether an entry appears in this section or

in the former section (

Idiomatic 'post-position' Constructions

).

To help us make the determination, we used the

word search feature

of the

Redhouse CD Dictionary

.

And when, for example, we performed a

word search

for the word '

elinden

',

we did find

a specific dictionary listing for it -- so, you'll see '

elinden

' in this section.

On the other hand, when we performed a

CD word search

for '

düsünmeden

' we came up empty --

there was no specific entry for it in the

Redhouse Dictionary

.

But it's still an important example, so we included that word in the former section.

Modern word or phrase
with 'den/dan'

Helper

word

English Example

Turkish Translation

'neden'
(reason, cause)

ile

There's no battery! That's the

Pil yok! Fener o neden ile

reason

(with that reason)

the flashlight

won't work.

(nedenle)

cal

I

samaz.

'bak

I

m

I

ndan'

(from the point of view
of)

none

The house is in a beautiful spot,
but it's no good from a traffic
point of view.

Ev çok güzel bir yerde, ama
trafik bak

I

m

I

ndan iyi degil.

'dogrudan'
(directly)

none

Go directly to 'GO'.

'GO'ya dogrudan gidin!

'elinden'
(because of)

none

"I'm done for, sergeant, done for --

because of you!"

(A line from a Turkish folksong.)

"Yand

I

m çavus yand

I

m senin

elinden!"

Devrik Cümlesi

? Yes!

'aniden'
(suddenly)

none

Suddenly, the fat man exploded.

Aniden sisko adam patlad

I

.

'durmadan'
(without stopping)

none

He drank the whole glass of
whisky without stopping.

Bütün viski bardag

I

n

I

durmadan içti.

'cidden'
(seriously)

none

Seriously, son. It's time you got a
job.

Cidden, oglum. Bir is bulman
lâz

I

m.

'dünden'
(eagerly, 'from yesterday')

none

He has eagerly wanted to marry
her.

Onunla evlenmeye dünden
raz

I

idi.

's

I

radan'

(ordinary, middling,
mediocre)

none

We watched a very ordinary film
on TV last night.

Dün gece çok s

I

radan bir film

seyrettik.

'kararlamadan'
(by estimating roughly)

none

By estimating roughly, add a cup
of sugar to the cake.

Keke kararlamadan bir
fincan kadar seker ilave et.

'çekinmeden'
(without hesitating)

none

Without hesitating, Gus jumped
on his horse and rode off.

Gus, çekinmeden ata binip
gitti.

'durup dinlenmeden'
(without a break,
continuosly)

none

They studied for 5 hours without
a break.

Durup dinlenmeden bes saat

[ders]

çal

I

st

I

lar.

'bu yüzden'
(for this reason, because
of this, therefore)

none

For this reason, Johnson died.

Johnson, bu yüzden öldü.

'deminden'
(just now, a moment ago)

beri

I told you to shut up a little while
ago, but you're still talking.

Deminden beri sana sus
diyorum, hâlâ konusuyorsun.

'gibilerden'
(as if to say, along the
lines of)

none

He winked as if he wanted to say,
"Well done."

i

yi ettin gibilerden

göz k

I

rpt

I

.

From

Redhouse CD Dictionary

'gibilerden'
(as if to say, along the
lines of)

none

Write an article along the lines of,
"The arms race should be
stopped."

Silahlanma yar

I

s

I

durdurulmal

I

d

I

r gibilerden bir

makale yaz

I

n.

From

Redhouse CD Dictionary

'yalandan'
(pretending)

none

The swindler pretended to cry.

Üçkâg

I

tç

I

yalandan aglad

I

.

From

Redhouse CD Dictionary

'yalandan'

none

Just give the windows a quick

Yalandan pencereleri bir

(do something in a
slipshod manner)

swipe and let it go at that!

siliver gitsin!

From

Redhouse CD Dictionary

'çok geçmeden'
(soon, before long)

none

I soon got used to (car) driving in
Turkey.

[whoop! whoop! hahahahahahahahahahaha!]

Ben çok geçmeden Türkiyede
araba kullanmaya al

I

st

I

m.

'den'
(tact)

O.K.
So, '

den

' isn't a suffix here. It's an

ordinary noun. But what kinda
mail would we get -- should

you

run across it, and

we

hadn't

mentioned it...? huu

uhh

h?

none

Caligula was a tactless fellow.

Caligula densiz bir adamd

I

.

'denden'
(ditto marks)

another mis-leading noun...

none

"On a printed form, a 'ditto' sign is
used on the line below (instead of
the word or word group from the
preceding line) for providing an
easy way to avoid repeated writing
of the same word or word group."

"Bir çizelgede alt alta gelen
ayn

I

söz veya söz gruplar

I

n

I

n

birkaç kez yaz

I

lmas

I

n

I

önleyerek kolayl

I

k saglamak

için birinci sat

I

r

I

n alt

I

ndakiler

yerine kulan

I

lan 'denden'

isareti."

From

Türk Dil Kurumu Sözlük

Мультиязыковой проект Ильи Франка

www

. franklang

. ru