Developing speaking skills

through ICT

Dydaktyka szczegółowa - wykład Mariusz Marczak, PhD

Developing speaking skills
through ICT

Rationale for Web-based Communicative
Teaching

•integrative CALL (1990s-present)

(Warschauer 1996)

•primary of goal of CALL is to:

•facilitate communicative situations

•promote linguistic interaction

•create authentic context for

communication

(Chapelle 1997)

Dydaktyka szczegółowa - wykład Mariusz Marczak, PhD

Developing speaking skills
through ICT

CMC (Computer-Mediated
Communication)

Increasingly common forms of CMC

(Krajka 2007)

:

•telecollaborative tasks

•telecollaboration projects

PrOCALL (Project-Oriented Computer
Assisted Language Learning)

(Jeon-Ellis et al. 2005)

Dydaktyka szczegółowa - wykład Mariusz Marczak, PhD

Developing speaking skills
through ICT

PrOCALL adheres to principles of

Communicative Approach

(Krajka 2007)

Dydaktyka szczegółowa - wykład Mariusz Marczak, PhD

Developing speaking skills
through ICT

PrOCALL reaches beyond Communicative

Approach

•involves genuine communication
•permits international/intercultural

communication
•sets no TL model of communication
•enables Ss to negotiate communication
•fosters ICC competence

(Byram 1997)

Dydaktyka szczegółowa - wykład Mariusz Marczak, PhD

Developing speaking skills
through ICT

PrOCALL (Project-Oriented Computer
Assisted Language Learning)

•facilitates holistic learning (in/out of

classroom)
•employs modern technology
•triggers ability to use language & create

social realities

(Jeon-Ellis et al. 2005)

Dydaktyka szczegółowa - wykład Mariusz Marczak, PhD

Developing speaking skills
through ICT

Successful Web-based project learning:

•Web-based TL projects central in classroom
•Ss select projects personally
•meaningful/motivating
•Ss collaborate through CMC in/out of class

(Debski 2000)

Dydaktyka szczegółowa - wykład Mariusz Marczak, PhD

Developing speaking skills
through ICT

Successful Web-based project learning:

•TL used for negotation of

tasks/collaboration

•Teaching lg form not scheduled in advance
•Ss & T share responsibility for learning

outcomes

(Debski 2000)

Dydaktyka szczegółowa - wykład Mariusz Marczak, PhD

Developing speaking skills
through ICT

PrOCALL - study outcomes:

•genuine expression of views

(Mueller-Hartmann 2000)

•greater control over language means

•greater sociolinguistic awareness
(competence)

(Ewing 2000)

•authentic interaction

•opportunities for input/output

(Gu 2002)

Dydaktyka szczegółowa - wykład Mariusz Marczak, PhD

Developing speaking skills
through ICT

Components of communication-oriented
speaking activities:

•specification, selection, adoption of roles
•outcomes (clear purpose)
•procedures (steps, work modes)
•information gap
•challenge (special effort, e.g. competition)

(Nation 1989)

Dydaktyka szczegółowa - wykład Mariusz Marczak, PhD

Developing speaking skills
through ICT

Approaches to Web-assisted speaking

(Krajka 2007)

•Web as input for speaking (webquests, ask-

an-

expert activities)

•Web as model for speaking skills (news

sites,

online debates, sermons, speeches, ads)

• Web discussion (text-based conferencing,

videoconferencing)

Dydaktyka szczegółowa - wykład Mariusz Marczak, PhD

Developing speaking skills
through ICT

Approaches to Web-assisted speaking

•Computer presentations

•thought out
•revised
•rehearsed
•with minimised tension

(Schcolnik & Kol 1999)

Dydaktyka szczegółowa - wykład Mariusz Marczak, PhD

Developing speaking skills
through ICT

Web-based teaching of pronunciation

•audio quizzes
•varied audio materials
•TTS technology
•audio software

(Krajka 2007)

Dydaktyka szczegółowa - wykład Mariusz Marczak, PhD

Developing speaking skills
through ICT

TTS technology (gives developer control
over ):

•speech variables
•Ss’ exposure to accents
•task customisation

(Sobkowiak 2003)

Dydaktyka szczegółowa - wykład Mariusz Marczak, PhD

Developing speaking skills
through ICT

Digital audio (easy to):

•search for
•retrieve
•manipulate
•store
•play back

Dydaktyka szczegółowa - wykład Mariusz Marczak, PhD

Dydaktyka szczegółowa - wykład Mariusz Marczak, PhD

Developing speaking skills
through ICT

(bibliography)

•Chapelle, C. (1997). Call in the year 2000: Still in search of research paradigm? Language
Learning & Technology, 1(1), 19-43.

•Debski, R. (2000). Exploring the re-creation of a CALL innovation. Computer Assisted Language
Learning, 13(4-5), 307-332.

•Ellis, R. (1982) Informal and Formal Approaches to Communicative Language Teaching. ELT
Journal 36(2).

•Ewing, M. (2000). Conversations of Indonesian language students on computer-mediated
projects: Linguistic responsibility and control. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 13 (4):
333–356.

•Gu, P. (2002). Effects of project-based CALL on Chinese EFL learners. Asian Journal of English
Language Teaching 12, 195-210.

•Jeon-Ellis, G., Debski, R. & Wigglesworth, G. (2005) Oral Interaction Around Computers in the
Project-oriented Call Classroom. Language Learning & Technology 9(3).

•Krajka, J. (2007) English Language Teaching in the Internet-Enhanced Environment. UMCS
University Press.

•Mueller-Hartmann, A. (2000) The Role of Tasks in Promoting Intercultural Learning in Electronic
Learning Networks. Language Learning & Technology 4(2).

•Nation, P. (1989) Speaking activities. Five features. ELT Journal 43(1).

•Schcolnik, M. & Kol, S. (1999) Using Presentation Software to Enhance Language Learning. The
Internet TESL Journal 5(3).

•Sobkowiak, W. (2003) TTS in EFL CALL – Some pedagogical considerations. Teaching English
with Technology 3(4).
Warschauer, M. (1996) ‘Computer Assisted Language Learning: an Introduction’. In Fotos, S. (ed.)
Multimedia Language Teaching. Tokyo: Logos International, pp. 3–20.