Budowa Empire State Buliding nazywała się wyścig ponieważ dwie wielkie korporacje John Jacob Raskob (General Motors) i Walter Chrysler (Chrysler Corporation) ścigały się by zbudować najwyższy budynek na świecie - drapacz chmur . Wygrał Raskob dzięki planom Williama Lamba and docking stadion for dirigibles - sterowiec. Empire State Building was unique by the new elevators. E.S.B. has 7 banks of elevators (58 elevators). Not all stops on the same floor, for example, Bank A 3-7 B 7-18. After the elevator code changes buliding moving speed of 1200 feet. Constructor brakes in elevators is the company OTIS.
Construction of the Empire State buliding was called race because the two great corporations John Jacob Raskob (General Motors) and Walter Chrysler (Chrysler Corporation) raced to build the tallest building in the world - the skyscraper. Raskob won thanks to plans by William Lamb and docking station for dirigibles. Empire State Building was unique by the new elevators. E.S.B. has 7 banks of elevators (58 elevators). Not all stops on the same floor, for example, Bank A 3-7 B 7-18. After the elevator code changes buliding moving speed of 1200 feet. Constructor brakes in elevators is the company OTIS.
Problemy z Sydney Opera House. Rząd wielkiej brytani zaczął budowę przed ukończeniem planów. Utzon musiał zmienić plan z dwóch sal teatralnych na cztery, oraz kształt konstrukcji na bardziej (jednolitą strukturę) spherical geometry. Budowa przerosła koszty (cost over-run). Po zmianie planów Kolumny i fundamenty zostały wysadzone, przestali płacić Utzon, a potem zwolnili go. Podczas budowy zastosowano nowe materiały budowlane. Zastosowano ulepszoną mieszankę betonowa (post-tensioned beton) sklepienie z pokrycie z płytek (tile lid), precast elementy, żywice epoksydowa wodoodporną.
Problems with the Sydney Opera House. UK Government began construction before completing the plans. Utzon had to change the plan of two to four theater halls, and the shape of the structure to a more (single structure) spherical geometry. Construction costs exceeded (cost over-run). When Utzon change plans, columns and foundations were blown up, they stopped paying Utzon, then fired him. During the construction of new building materials used. Improved concrete mix was used (post-tensioned concrete), vault with a covering of tiles (tile lid), Precast elements, waterproof epoxy resins.
Neoclassical architecture is based on the principles of simplicity and symmetry,
Modernist architecture has these features: little or no ornamentation, factory-made parts, man-made materials such as metal and concrete, emphasis on function, and rebellion against traditional styles
In the United States, the Second Empire style usually combined a rectangular tower, or similar element, with a steep, but short, mansard roof; the roof being the most noteworthy link to the style's French roots. This tower element could be of equal height as the highest floor, or could exceed the height of the rest of the structure by a story or two. The mansard roof crest was often topped with an iron trim, sometimes referred to as "cresting". In some cases, lightning rods were integrated into the cresting design, making the feature useful beyond its decorative features. Although still intact in some examples, often this original cresting has deteriorated and been removed. The exterior style could be expressed in either wood, brick or stone. More elaborate examples frequently featured paired columns as well as sculpted details around the doors, windows and dormers. The purpose of the ornamentation was to make the structure appear imposing, grand and expensive