Present Perfect Continuous.

Jak można się domyślić po nazwie, będzie to mieszanka Present Perfect i Present Continuous. Tak więc po kolei, najpierw zbudujmy przykładowe zdanie.

I have been working for five hours.

Pracuję od pięciu godzin.

Po podmiocie wstawiamy odpowiednią dla osoby formę czasownika mieć (has dla trzeciej osoby liczby pojedynczej, have dla pozostałych osób). Następnie dodajemy być - zawsze w trzeciej formie been, a na koniec czasownik właściwy z końcówką -ing. Zdanie gotowe!

Nie jest to takie trudne - po podmiocie zawsze będzie have been lub has been - potem tylko czasownik i zrobione.

Oczywiście podobnie jak przy Present Perfect można skracać:

I have	»	I've
you have	»	you've
she has	»	she's
he has	»	he's
it has	»	it's
we have	»	we've
they have	»	they've

Kilka przykładów:

She's been reading that book for two hours.	Ona czyta książkę od dwóch godzin.
We've been waiting for you since 10 o'clock.	Czekaliśmy na ciebie od dziesiątej.
I've been learning English for seven years now.	Uczę się angielskiego już siedem lat.
Pytanie tworzymy przez przesunięcie operatora have/has przed podmiot, jeśli pytamy o szczegóły na początek dajemy jeszcze właściwe słówko pytające where, when, what, itp. Have you been waiting for me? Czekacie na mnie? How long have you been waiting for me? Jak długo na mnie czekacie? Since when has she been learning German? Od kiedy ona uczy się niemieckiego? Has it been snowing for 2 hours? Czy śnieg pada od dwóch godzin? What have you been doing all day? Co robiliście przez cały dzień? Przeczenie tworzymy łącząc operator have/has ze słówkiem not: I haven't been reading the book for an hour. Nie czytam książki od godziny. She hasn't been waiting for the doctor since eight. Ona nie czeka na lekarza od ósmej. Present Perfect Continuous używamy mówiąc o czynności, która rozpoczęła się w przeszłości, trwała nieprzerwanie i trwa do chwili obecnej. I've been cleaning my flat since 5 p.m. Sprzątam mieszkanie od godziny piątej. John's been learning English for two years. John uczy się angielskiego od dwóch lat. He's been waiting for his girlfriend for 2 hours. On czeka na swoją dziewczynę od dwóch godzin. Ważne jest zrozumienie różnicy między użyciem Present Perfect a Present Perfect Continuous. Kiedy chcemy podkreślić skutek - użyjemy Present Perfect. I'm waiting for her. Czekam na nią. (w tej chwili - PRESENT CONTINUOUS) I've waited for her for an hour. Czekałem na nią godzinę. (czynnosc zakonczona (dokonana) bez precyzowania czasu - juz na nia nie czeka - PRESENT PERFECT) I've been waiting for her for over an hour. Czekam na nią od ponad godziny. (a jej nie ma i nie ma - czekanie się nie zakończyło ale nadal trwa - PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS) Zwróćmy uwagę na polskie tłumaczenia - zdanie w Present Perfect zostało przetłumaczone w czasie przeszłym natomiast pozostale dwa zdania są w czasie teraźniejszym! W drugim przykładzie czynność się zakończyła, jest dokonana, nie można tego powiedzieć o zdaniu trzecim. Present Perfect Continuous używamy także jeśli czynność się skończyła, ale są widoczne i odczuwalne jej skutki: I'm tired because I've been playing tennis. Jestem zmęczony, bo grałem w tenisa. (już nie gram, ale jestem zmęczony i spocony) You've been crying! What happened? Płakaliście! Co się stało? Who's been driving my car?! Kto jeździł moim samochodem?! (jest cały brudny!)

1. Put the verb into the correct form.

1. They RUN . They look hot.

2. She WATCH television all day. What a waste of time!

3. It SNOW . Everything is white outside.

4. I LOOK for you. Where have you gone?

5. John WORK hard and he deserves a break now.

6. My parents DRIVE for ten hours. They're really tired.

7. Maria LEARN German since she was twenty but she still needs some more lessons.

8. I CLEAN my garage. I'm all in dust now.

9. Carol LIE in the sun. She looks red.

10. My friends LIVE in Berlin for a year now and they seem really happy there.

2. Make a question

1. I've been sleeping for two hours.

2. She's been crying.

3. They've been studying for a long time.

4. Jane has been playing chess.

5. I've been working hard.

6. It's been raining for two days.

7. They've been running.

8. My mother has been teaching biology for a year.

9. You've been collecting stamps for 4 years.

10. Jack has been waiting for her.

3. Make a negative.

1. I've been working for 2 hours.

2. She's been riding a bicycle.

3. It's been snowing for hours.

4. They've been using my computer.

5. I've been living in France for a year.

6. He's been skiing.

7 Jill has been learning Italian for years.

8. I've been waiting for you.

9. They've been walking.

10. She's been playing tennis since June.

4. Complete the sentences using Present Perfect Continuous:

1. I PAINT my room. That's why the floor is dirty.

2. She WAIT for him for two hours now.

3. The room smells bad because many people SMOKE here.

4. Where have you been? What DO all morning?

5. You have to rest now, you HELP her since dinner!

6. She LOOK for her key for an hour. I'm afraid she's lost it somewhere.

7. How long HE/LEARN English? Over 10 years?

8. Why are you so dirty? I REPAIR my bicycle.

9. She WRITE that letter since 6 o'clock and she still hasn't finished.

10. It RAIN all morning and I don't think it will ever stop.

5. Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous. Provide the correct form of the verb

1. I STUDY English today. I'm prepared for my test now.

2. I STUDY English all day. I'm fed up with it now.

3. She READ a book for two hours and she READ half of it so far

4. PLAY/EVER volleyball? Do you know this game?

5. How many times SHE/BE in Poland? More than once?

6. How long YOU/WORK ? I think you should take a break now.

7. He DO this project for three days but he NOT/DO it yet.

8. I CLEAN five windows today. They're shining now.

9. You look hot. YOU/RUN ?

10. John HAVE two car accidents so now he drives more carefully.

11. I TRAVEL for three weeks and I VISIT four countries so far.

12. I NOT/MAKE a decision yet. I need some more time.

13. You're going to be fat! You EAT sweets all day long!

14. She DRINK all juice. The bottle is empty.

15. Look at her hair! What SHE/DO with it?

16. I MAKE sandwiches for an hour. I've got enough.

17. I JUST/MAKE some sandwiches. Help yourself.

18. She DANCE since 8 o'clock. She must be exhausted.

19. That man STAND at the bus stop for the last twenty minutes. We have to tell him the bus ALREADY/LEAVE .

20. Jane SLEEP since 10 o'clock. Wake her up!