INTERPERSONAL MEANING >under terms of expressive, social meaning,also know as emotive>they are all interconnected

One of the major purposes of linguistic interaction is to establish and maintain a desirable interpersonal relationship. On the one hand, the mood system provides the basis of meaning exchange, and thus enables interaction or negotiation to take place between communication participants. On the other hand, the modality system, by expressing the addresser's attitudes towards, or evaluation of the proposition or proposal in question, influences or evokes the attitudes or behavior of the addressee, and thus contributes to the desirability and validity of interaction.

Emotive meaning contrasts with descriptive meaning. Terms have descriptive meaning if they do the job of stating facts, they have emotive meaning if they do the job of expressing the speaker’s emotions or attitudes, or exciting emotions or attitudes in others and simply expressions of feeling, and as such don’t even come under the category of truth and falsehood>Boo Hurrah theory>Moral judgments are attitudes rather than beliefs. In this way, to say something is right is to have a favorable attitude toward it and amounts to saying “Hurrah!” To say something is wrong is to have an unfavorable attitude toward it and is equivalent to saying “Boo!”

>poetry has emotive meaning, as well as personal correspondence, autobiographies> it is rather to express then to inform > express feelings and attitudes (shown by senses, sounds, cries such as "oh oh, ouch, ups, super,wow, yuck)

>"Broccoli? Ugh!" or "Lakers, boo!" lub "Lakers, boo!" or "Cool! Payday!" lub "Cool! Payday!

>Stealing money…BOO!

So, a statement like “Stealing money is wrong” is analogous

>Gosh!”

It’s freezing – shut the bloody window!

>>intonation changes depending what our emotions are:

1. "How could you do that?"

2. "HOW could you DO that??"

I provided contexts for the two, as follows:

3. Q: "How could you do that?"

A: "Well, I guess I could start by putting them all in

alphabetical order."

4. Q: "HOW could you DO that??"

A: "Well, if I hadn't done it she wouldn't have *gone* to Bermuda

with me!"

Are you still here?

Surely she hasn’t gone already?

People don't usually talk to themselves. They talk to other people. And their talk has social meaning.

Only part of the social meaning of a conversation is carried by words. Take saying hello or talking about the weather. Often such talk has little dictionary meaning. It is a way of being friendly or polite.Another part is face threating.

Social meaning “situational meaning” depends specifically on the Channel of Contact. It is that aspect of meaning which is related to the establishment and maintaining of social relations. It occurs with phatic forms of discourse (“Nice day, isn't it?”); forms of address, which plays an important role in determining the relative degree of power and solidarity between the participants of a communicative act (e.g. the vous/tu contrast in French); and register, that is, the “vertical” level of formality of an expression or a discourse (frozen, formal, consultative, casual, or intimate? Cf. “police/cop/bobby”; “Please, come in.”/ “Come in.”/ “Come in, will you?”/ “Get the hell in here!”).

>class of people>‘stubborn’, and ‘pig-headed

>“bureaucrat,” “government official,” and “public servant” designate nearly the same thing but convey clearly different attitudes (bureaucrat=negative; gov’t. official=neutral; public servant=positive