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WOUND HEALING 

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experienced authors share their opinions on how best to manage specifi c injuries. The reader will benefi t from 
a thorough knowledge of the different phases of healing as well as the mediators governing them, since these 
dictate the approach to follow, particularly in complicated wounds such as those affl icted by chronic infl am-
mation and/or an excessive proliferative response.

References

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Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 2005, p. 44

  2.  Kirsner RS, Eaglstein WH: The wound healing process. Dermatol Clin 1993;11:629
  3.  Singer AJ, Clark RAF: Cutaneous wound healing. New Engl J Med 1999;341:738
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  6.  Martin P, D’Souza D, Martin J, et al: Wound healing in the PU.1 null mouse—tissue repair is not dependent on infl am-

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  7. Duffi eld JS, Forbes SJ, Constandinou CM, et al: Selective depletion of macrophages reveals distinct, opposing roles 

during liver injury and repair. J Clin Invest 2005;115:56

  8.  Greenhalgh DG: The role of apoptosis in wound healing. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 1998;30:1019
  9.  Mignatti P, Rifkin DB, Welgus HG, et al: Proteinases and tissue remodeling. In RAF Clark ed. The molecular and cellular 

biology of wound repair (2nd edition). New York: Plenum Press, 1996, p. 427

  10.  Desmoulière A, Redard M, Darby I, et al: Apoptosis mediates the decrease in cellularity during the transition between 

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  11.  Luo S, Benathan M, Raffoul W, et al: Abnormal balance between proliferation and apoptotic cell death in fi broblasts 

derived from keloid lesions. Plast Reconstr Surg 2001;107:87

  12.  Liekens S, De Clerq E, Neyts J: Angiogenesis: regulators and clinical applications. Biochem Pharmacol 2001;61:253
  13.  Li J, Zhang Y-P, Kirsner RS: Angiogenesis in wound repair: angiogenic growth factors and the extracellular matrix. 

Microsc Res Tech 2003;60:107

  14.  Zhu WH, Guo X, Villaschi S, et al: Regulation of vascular growth and regression by matrix metalloproteinases in the 

rat aorta model of angiogenesis. Lab Invest 2000;80:545

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  16.  Woodley DT: Reepithelialization. In RAF Clark ed. The molecular and cellular biology of wound repair (2nd edition). New 

York: Plenum Press, 1996, p. 339

  17.  Stashak TS: Principles of wound healing. In TS Stashak ed. Equine wound management. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger, 

1991, p. 11

  18.  Nanney LB, King LE: Epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor-

β. In RAF Clark ed. The molecular and 

cellular biology of wound repair (2nd edition). New York: Plenum Press, 1996, p. 171

  19.  Desmoulière A, Gabbiani G: The role of the myofi broblast in wound healing and fi brocontractive diseases. In RAF 

Clark ed. The molecular and cellular biology of wound repair (2nd edition). New York: Plenum Press, 1996, p. 391

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  22.  Witte MB, Thornton FJ, Kiyama T, et al: Metalloproteinase inhibitors and wound healing: a novel enhancer of wound 

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  23.  Yager DR, Chen SM, Ward SI, et al: Ability of chronic wound fl uids to degrade peptide growth factors is associated 

with increased levels of elastase activity and diminished levels of proteinase inhibitors. Wound Repair Regen 
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  24.  Levenson SM, Geever EF, Crowley LV, et al: The healing of rat skin wounds. Ann Surg 1965;161:293
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accelerates wound healing: Stimulation of keratinocyte proliferation, granulation tissue formation, and vascularization. 
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