Gil i Motyka 2014 Systemy linowe do zrywki drewna wczoraj i dziś Studia i Materiały CELP w Rogowie

background image

20

:*LO-0RW\ND6\VWHP\OLQRZHGR]U\ZNLGUHZQD±ZF]RUDMLG]LĞ

5[UVGO[NKPQYGFQ\T[YMKFTGYPCtYE\QTCLKF\Kć

:DOGHPDU*LO-RDQQD0RW\ND

Abstrakt.

:SUDF\DXWRU]\SU]HGVWDZLDMąU\VKLVWRU\F]Q\UR]ZRMXV\VWHPyZ

OLQRZ\FKGR]U\ZNLGUHZQDQDĞZLHFLHLZ3ROVFH2PDZLDVLĊWDNĪHZDG\

L]DOHW\V\VWHPyZOLQRZ\FKDWDNĪHFKDUDNWHU\]XMHVLĊGREUHL]áHVWURQ\QLHNWy

U\FKZ\EUDQ\FKV\VWHPyZOLQRZ\FK]U\QNXĞZLDWRZHJR:GDOV]HMNROHMQRĞFL

DXWRU]\G\VNXWXMąHZROXFMĊWHFKQLF]QRWHFKQRORJLF]QąV\VWHPyZOLQRZ\FKGR

]U\ZNLGUHZQD1D]DNRĔF]HQLHUR]ZDĪDVLĊSUREOHPNRV]WyZ]U\ZNLOLQRZHM

LOXVWUXMąF]DJDGQLHQLHSU]\NáDGRZ\P]HVWDZLHQLHPNRV]WyZHWDSRZHM]U\ZNL

GUHZQD]XG]LDáHPGĨZLJXOLQRZHJR/DUL[LIRUZDUGHUD-RKQ'HHUHRUD]

FHQVSU]HGDĪ\QHWWRZ\EUDQ\FKVRUW\PHQWyZĞZLHUNRZ\FKZ1DGOHĞQLFWZLH

:ĊJLHUVND*yUND

6áRZDNOXF]RZHNROHMNLLGĨZLJLOLQRZHKLVWRULDV\VWHPyZOLQRZ\FKZDG\

L]DOHW\V\VWHPyZOLQRZ\FK

$EVWUDFW&DEOHV\VWHPVIRUWLPEHUH[WUDFWLRQ±\HVWHUGD\DQGWRGD\

,QWKHSDSHUDXWKRUVSUHVHQWKLVWRULFDORXWOLQHRIFDEOHV\VWHPVIRUWLPEHU

H[WUDFWLRQGHYHORSPHQWLQZRUOGDQGLQ3RODQG7KHUHDUHDOVRGLVFXVVHG

GUDZEDFNVDQGDGYDQWDJHVRIFDEOHV\VWHPVDVZHOODVFKDUDFWHULVWLFVRIVWUHQJWKV

DQGZHDNQHVVHVRIVRPHVHOHFWHGFDEOHV\VWHPVIURPWKHZRUOGPDUNHW$IWHU

WKDWDXWKRUVDUHGLVFXVVLQJWKHWHFKQLFDODQGWHFKQRORJLFDOHYROXWLRQRIFDEOH

V\VWHPVIRUWLPEHUH[WUDFWLRQ)LQDOO\RQHWDONVDERXWWKHSUREOHPRIFRVWV

RIFDEOH\DUGLQJH[HPSOL¿HGE\FRVWVOLVWLQJRIWZRVWDJHFDEOH\DUGLQJZLWK

/DUL[FDEOHFUDQHDQG-RKQ'HHUHIRUZDUGHUDQGQHWVHOOLQJSULFHVRIVHOHFWHG

VSUXFHWLPEHUDVVRUWPHQWVLQWKH:HJLHUVND*yUND)RUHVW'LVWULFW

Key words:

FDEOHZD\VDQGFDEOHFUDQHVKLVWRU\RIFDEOHV\VWHPVGLVDGYDQWDJHV

DQGDGYDQWDJHVRIFDEOHV\VWHPV

5\VKLVWRU\F]Q\]DVWRVRZDĔNROHMHNLGĨZLJyZOLQRZ\FK

:(XURSLHOLQ\]ZáyNLHQQDWXUDOQ\FKGRWUDQVSRUWXGUHZQDVWRVXMHVLĊRGUDGUXWX

VWDORZHJRGRWUDQVSRUWXGUHZQDXĪ\á+RKHQVWHLQZU]DĞV\VWHPOLQVWDORZ\FKRSDWHQWR

ZDQRZ$QJOLLZU6DPVHW

.ROHENąV\VWHPyZOLQRZ\FKGRWUDQVSRUWXGUHZQDMHVW86$JG]LHZWHMF]\LQQHMIRUPLH

XĪ\WNRZDQRMHRGSyĨQ\FKODW;,;ZLHNX3UDZG]LZD]U\ZNDOLQRZD]H]GROQRĞFLąSLRQRZHJR

XQRV]HQLDáDGXQNXZ\ZRG]LVLĊ]0LFKLJDQJG]LH+%XWWHUVZURSDWHQWRZDáPDV]\QĊ

]U\ZNRZR]DáDGRZF]ąNRU]\VWDMąFą]ZFLąJDUNLSDURZHMZy]NDLSDUGU]HZSRGSRURZ\FK

:\FLąJDáDRQDGUHZQR]ODVXLáDGRZDáDQDZDJRQ\NROHMRZH&RQZD\:3DF\¿F]

Q\P3yáQRFQ\P=DFKRG]LHWR-'ROEHHUZGURĪ\áSLHUZV]ąZFLąJDUNĊSDURZąRUD]PDá\\DUGHU

#46;-7â;#46+%.'5

background image

6WXGLDL0DWHULDá\&(3/Z5RJRZLH

R. 16. Zeszyt 39 / 2B / 2014

21

]MHGQ\PEĊEQHP/LQĊGRODVXSRGUHZQRFLąJQąá

NRĔDQDVWĊSQLHáDGXQHNE\á]U\ZDQ\\DUGHUHPGR

VNáDGQLF\7HQURG]DM]U\ZNL]ZDQR]U\ZNąÄQLVNLHJR

SURZDG]HQLDOLQ\URERF]HM´ground lead'UHZQR

PXVLDQRSURZDG]LüGRNRáDNDĪGHJRSQLDNDQDREV]D

U]H]U\ZNL=DZLHV]HQLHEORF]NyZQDV]F]\FLHSQLDND

SR]ZDODáRQDQLH]QDF]QHXQLHVLHQLHOLQ\URERF]HMDOH

ZNUyWFH]DF]ĊWR]DZLHV]DüEORF]NLZ\ĪHM±QDGU]H

ZDFKVWRMąF\FKIRW1DVWĊSQLHZMDUGHU]H]DVWRVR

ZDQREĊEQ\XPRĪOLZLDMąFLQVWDODFMĊOLQ\SRZURWQHM

LGUHZQR]DF]ĊáRE\üSyáSRGZLHV]DQH]DĞ]U\ZNĊWĊ

QD]ZDQR]U\ZNąÄZ\VRNLHJRSURZDG]HQLDOLQ\URER

F]HM´highlead.ROHMQHXVSUDZQLHQLHSU]\MĊáRSRVWDü

OLQ\QRĞQHMskylineXĪ\WHMSRUD]SLHUZV]\SU]H]%XW

WHUVDQD=DFKRGQLP:\EU]HĪX86$'RZF]HVQ\FK

ODW;;ZLHNX]U\ZND]XĪ\FLHPOLQ\QRĞQHMskyline
logging

VWRVRZDQDE\áDSRZV]HFKQLHQD=DFKRGQLP

:\EU]HĪX=U\ZND]Z\NRU]\VWDQLHPOLQ\QRĞQHM

SU]\]DVLĊJXPZ\PDJDáD]HVSRáX]áRĪRQHJR]

URERWQLNyZLOLQRGáXJRĞFLRNRáRNP1DWHUHQLH

3DF\¿F]QHJR3yáQRFQHJR=DFKRGXLZF]ĊĞFL5HJLRQX

0LĊG]\JyUVNLHJRV\VWHP\OLQRZHVWZDU]DMąVSRVREQRĞü

SR]\VNDQLDGUHZQDWDPJG]LHLQQHV\VWHP\QLHPRJąSUDFRZDü1D3RáXGQLX86$V\VWHP\OLQR

ZHSUDFXMąQDPRNUDGáDFKLEDJQDFK2EHFQLHQDFLVNNáDG]LHVLĊQDHVWHW\NĊREV]DUXOHĞQHJRSR

]U\ZFH]DSRELHJDQLHV]NRGRPJOHERZ\PLF]\VWRĞüZRG\8PLHMĊWQLHVWRVRZDQHV\VWHP\OLQRZH

PRJąVSHáQLüWHZ\PRJLLSR]RVWDZLüĞURGRZLVNRQDWXUDOQHZGREU\PVWDQLH&RQZD\

'áXJRG\VWDQVRZ\GĨZLJOLQRZ\ZGURĪRQ\ZUSU]H]-:\VVHQDRWZRU]\áQRZ\UR]G]LDá

ZKLVWRULLVWRVRZDQLDOLQRZHJRWUDQVSRUWXGUHZQDZ(XURSLHL86$

:3ROVFHV\VWHP\OLQRZHZGUDĪDQRRGSRF]ąWNXODW;;ZLHNX3LHUZV]HZ]PLDQNL

RXU]ąG]HQLDFKOLQRZ\FKGRWUDQVSRUWXGUHZQDSRMDZLDMąVLĊZURNXLGRW\F]ąGĨZLJX

OLQRZHJR:\VVHQ3LHUZV]HSROVNLHXU]ąG]HQLHOLQRZHGRWUDQVSRUWXGUHZQDWRSUDNW\F]QLH

ĞOL]JOLQRZ\]OLQąRGáXJRĞFLPLĞUHGQLF\PPRXGĨZLJXWN1EH]PRĪOLZRĞFL

NRQWURORZDQLDSUĊGNRĞFLáDGXQNX7DXU]ąG]HQLHOLQRZHWUDQVSRUWRZDáRGUHZQRSU]H]'XQDMHF

Z1DGOHĞQLFWZLH6WDU\6ąF]ZU:ERJDW\PZLQQRZDFMHULQĪ,UHFNL]1DGOHĞQLF

WZD6]F]\UN]DSURMHNWRZDáJUDZLWDF\MQąNROHMNĊOLQRZąRQRĞQRĞFLGRN*N1L]DVLĊJX

PZ\SRVDĪRQąZKDPXOHFDSU]HNV]WDáFRQąSyĨQLHMZGĨZLJOLQRZ\]QLHUXFKRPąOLQą

QRĞQą=U\ZDáRQGUHZQRJUDZLWDF\MQLHZ]GáXĪOLQ\QRĞQHMDSRZUyWZy]NDQRĞQHJRQD]UąE

RGE\ZDáVLĊPHFKDQLF]QLH]DSRPRFąOLQ\URERF]HMQDZLQLĊWHMQDEĊEHQSURVWHMZFLąJDUNL]D

LQVWDORZDQHMQDJyU]HVWRNX5RNSU]\QLyVáSRND]NROHMNLOLQRZHM6]RWNRZVNLHJR±ZD

KDGáRZHMJUDZLWDF\MQHMGRWUDQVSRUWXGUHZQDVWRVRZHJR:1DGOHĞQLFWZLH%UHQQDZU

]DSUH]HQWRZDQRGĨZLJOLQRZ\QD]ZDQ\ÄOLQRZHXU]ąG]HQLH]U\ZNRZH67´DRSUDFRZDQ\SU]H]

6WDFMĊ'RĞZLDGF]DOQą3R]\VNDQLD'UHZQDL7UDQVSRUWX/HĞQHJRZ2VWURĪQLF\SU]\ZVSyá

XG]LDOH,%/L%.30/]U\ZDMąF\GUHZQRQDG\VWDQVLHGRPSU]\WHRUHW\F]QHMREVáXG]H

SDVDRV]HURNRĞFLPLXGĨZLJXN1:UZ2VWURĪQLF\RSUDFRZDQRGĨZLJOLQRZ\

Ä/LEyUND´3RGREQLHMDN67QDSĊG]DQ\RQE\áMHGQRRVLRZ\PFLąJQLNLHPÄ']LN´DSU]\NRQ

VWUXNFMLOĪHMV]HMQLĪ67SR]ZDODáRQQDWUDQVSRUWGUHZQDWDNĪHZJyUĊVWRNX:U*RG\Ĕ

)RW'U]HZRSRGSRURZH]]DLQVWDORZDQ\P

ROLQRZDQLHPGR]U\ZNLW\SXKLJKOHDG3H

DUFH6WHQ]HO
Photo 1. Supporting tree with rigging to high-
-lead skidding (Pearce, Stenzel 1972)

background image

22

:*LO-0RW\ND6\VWHP\OLQRZHGR]U\ZNLGUHZQD±ZF]RUDMLG]LĞ

SLVDáĪHZ3ROVFHZ\SURGXNRZDQRLRGGDQRGRHNVSORDWDFML]HVWDZyZNROHMHNGĨZLJyZ

67:W\PVDP\PURNXGRQRV]RQRRXĪ\FLXV\VWHPXOLQRZHJRSR]DJyUDPLWMZ3XV]F]\

%LDáRZLHVNLHMQDWHUHQDFKRQLVNLHMQRĞQRĞFL:\NRU]\VWDQRGĨZLJOLQRZ\67Z\SRVDĪRQ\

ZGRGDWNRZąZFLąJDUNĊRPRF\N:XPRĪOLZLDMąFą]U\ZNĊZWHUHQLHSáDVNLP:ODWDFK

%RURZ\SLVDáRHNVSORDWDFMLDXVWULDFNLHJRSU]HZRĨQHJRGĨZLJXOLQRZHJR6WH\U.6.

Z1DGOHĞQLFWZLH*ROHQLyZJG]LHXĪ\WRJRGR]U\ZNLNLONXG]LHVLĊFLXW\VLĊF\P

GUHZQD

QDWRUIRZLVNDFKZ\VRNLFK7HQGĨZLJOLQRZ\WUD¿áQDVWĊSQLHZ%LHV]F]DG\JG]LHZ/HĞQLFWZLH

6LDQNLZ\NRQ\ZDáVZRMHRVWDWQLH]DGDQLD'DOV]HORV\V\VWHPyZOLQRZ\FKZ3ROVFHWRZGURĪH

QLHQLHOLF]Q\FKV\VWHPyZOLQRZ\FKSURGXNFMLF]HVNLHM/DUL[/DUL[7F]\/DUL[&RPEL

$NWXDOQLHPRĪQDRFHQLDüĪHUR]PLDU]U\ZNLOLQRZHMZ3ROVFHMHVWUDF]HMV\PEROLF]Q\

LSR]RVWDMHQDSR]LRPLHRN±URF]QHJRSR]\VNDQLDGUHZQDZ3ROVFH

:DUXQNLVWRVRZDQLDV\VWHPyZOLQRZ\FK

7\SRZ\PĞURGRZLVNLHPSUDF\GĨZLJXOLQRZHJRVąODV\JyUVNLHNWyU\FKXG]LDáV]DFXMHVLĊQD

SRQDGPOQKDZVNDOLQDV]HJRJOREX]DUyZQRODV\QDWXUDOQHLSyáQDWXUDOQHOXEFRUD]F]ĊĞFLHM

ODV\SODQWDF\MQH]GĨZLJDPLOLQRZ\PLcable craneZ&KLOHF]\Z1RZHM=HODQGLL3RMDZLDMąVLĊ

WDNĪHV\JQDá\]DLQWHUHVRZDQLD]U\ZNąOLQRZąZODVDFKQDQL]LQDFKQDREV]DUDFKSRGPRNá\FKQS

ZH)UDQFML'H3DXO=DLQWHUHVRZDQLH]U\ZNąOLQRZąZUD]]UR]SU]HVWU]HQLDQLHPVLĊLGHL

]UyZQRZDĪRQHMJRVSRGDUNLOHĞQHMFHUW\¿NDFMąSURGXNFMLOHĞQHMSUHVMąJUXS1*2RQDVWDZLHQLX

SURHNRORJLF]Q\PQDFDá\PĞZLHFLHFRUD]Z\UDĨQLHMZ\ND]XMHV\PSWRP\RĪ\ZLHQLD
*áyZQHF]\QQLNLVW\PXOXMąFHZ]URVW]DLQWHUHVRZDQLD]U\ZNąOLQRZąZ3ROVFH

'RJáyZQ\FKSU]\F]\QNUHXMąF\FK]DLQWHUHVRZDQLH]U\ZNąOLQRZąZ3ROVFHQDOHĪą

‡ Z\VRNDSRGDĪFLąJQLNyZUROQLF]\FKLZ\VRNLHQDV\FHQLHJRVSRGDUNLSROVNLHMW\PLPDV]\

QDPLPOQV]WRUD]SUDNW\F]QLHRVWDWHF]QHZ\SDUFLHNRQLD]RSHUDFML]U\ZNL

GUHZQDQDWHUHQDFKQL]LQQ\FKLEUDNLQQHMDOWHUQDW\Z\]U\ZNLZJyUDFK

‡ FRUD]VLOQLHMV]\QDFLVNHNRORJyZLJUXS1*2QDSHáQLHMV]HZGURĪHQLHLGHLZLHORIXQNF\MQHM

UROLODVyZLHOLPLQRZDQLDPDV]\QQHJDW\ZQLHRGG]LDáXMąF\FKQDHNRV\VWHP\WDNLFKMDN

FLąJQLNLVNLGHU]U\ZDMąFHGUHZQRZODVDFKJyUVNLFK

‡ SUHVMDU\QNRZDQDFDáRURF]Q\GRVWĊSGRGUHZQD]DFKĊFDMąFDGRSR]\VNDQLDGUHZQDQD

WHUHQDFKSRGPRNá\FKWDNĪHSR]DRNUHVHP]LPRZ\P

‡ Z\NRQ\ZDQLHQDWHUHQDFKSRGPRNá\FKUDEDWRZDáNyZSU]\SRPRF\NRSDUHNGODFHOyZRG

QRZLHQLRZ\FKFRJHQHUXMHQLHUyZQRĞFLWHUHQXXQLHPRĪOLZLDMąFH]U\ZNĊWUDG\F\MQ\PL

V\VWHPDPLQD]LHPQ\PL

.ODV\¿NDFMDLFKDUDNWHU\VW\NDJáyZQ\FKNRQ¿JXUDFMLV\VWHPyZ

OLQRZ\FK

6\VWHPZ\VRNLHJRSURZDG]HQLDOLQ\URERF]HM+LJKOHDG6\VWHP)

6\VWHP]U\ZNRZ\KLJKOHDGMHVWQDMSURVWV]\PZLHOREĊEQRZ\PV\VWHPHP]U\ZNRZ\P

6\VWHPVNáDGDVLĊ]EĊEQD(inhaul drum) LOLQ\SRFLąJRZHMroboczej) ]ZDQHMWDNĪHOLQą

JáyZQą(mainline)LEĊEQDouthaul drum) RUD]OLQ\RGKRORZXMąFHM]ZDQHMOLQąSRZURWQą
(haulback).

:LĊNV]RĞüMDUGHUyZSRVLDGDPDá\WU]HFLEĊEHQXĪ\WNRZ\]OLQą]ZDQąSRPRF

QLF]ą(strawline).

background image

6WXGLDL0DWHULDá\&(3/Z5RJRZLH

R. 16. Zeszyt 39 / 2B / 2014

23

Zalety

‡ PRĪHRSHURZDü]Z\NRU]\VWDQLHPZFLąJDUNLEĊEQRZHM

‡ ]U\ZDQDZLĊNV]HRGOHJáRĞFLQLĪV\VWHPMHGQREĊEQRZ\WDNLMDNW\SRZ\VNLGHUOLQRZ\

‡ MHVWáDWZ\GRPRQWDĪXLSR]ZDODQDV]\ENą]PLDQĊWUDV\

‡ SR]ZDODQDXQLHVLHQLH]U\ZDQHJRGUHZQDQDGSQLDNDPLLLQQ\PLSU]HV]NRGDPL

‡ PRĪHE\üVWRVRZDQ\]DUyZQRGR]U\ZNLZJyUĊMDNLZGyáVWRNX

‡ PRĪHE\üVWRVRZDQ\QDREV]DUDFKRZLĊNV]HMZUDĪOLZRĞFLQLĪV\VWHPQD]LHPQ\

Wady

‡ Z\PDJDVSHFMDOQHJRSU]HV]NROHQLD]DáRJLZLĊNV]HJR]HVSRáX]U\ZNRZHJR]DOHĪQLH

RGZLHONRĞFLMDUGHUD

‡ Z\PDJD]QDF]Q\FKLORĞFL]DNRWZLF]HĔGODOLQHNNRWZLF]ąF\FKLOLQ]U\ZNRZ\FK

‡ RJUDQLF]DV]HURNRĞüGURJL]U\ZNRZHMGRGáXJRĞFLOLQHN]DF]HSRZ\FK

6\VWHP\]OLQąQRĞQą

6\VWHP]QLHUXFKRPąOLQąQRĞQą6WDQGLQJ6N\OLQH7LJKW6N\OLQH

&HFKąV\VWHPXMHVW]DNRWZLF]HQLHREXNRĔFyZOLQ\QRĞQHM'REDUG]LHMUR]SRZV]HFKQLR

Q\FKQDOHĪąWXV\VWHP\1RUWK%HQG6RXWK%HQG7\OHU:\VVHQ%DFRDVSRĞUyGQLHOLF]Q\FK

SROVNLFKXU]ąG]HĔMXĪQLHXĪ\ZDQ\GĨZLJOLQRZ\67
Zalety

‡ MHVWSU]\MD]Q\ĞURGRZLVNRZR3yáSRGZLHV]HQLHRJUDQLF]DVWUDW\HUR]\MQH

‡ RJUDQLF]DXV]NDG]DQLH]U\ZDQHJRGUHZQD

‡ RJUDQLF]DQLHEH]SLHF]HĔVWZRXGHU]HQLD]U\ZDQ\PGUHZQHPSU]H]VNUyFHQLHRGOHJáRĞFL

]U\ZNLERF]QHMGROLQ\QRĞQHM

‡ XPRĪOLZLDVNXWHF]QHVWHURZDQLHSU]H]RSHUDWRUDSRGF]DV]U\ZNLLVNáDGRZDQLDGUHZQD

‡ SUDFXMHZ\MąWNRZRGREU]HSU]\FLĊFLDFKVHOHNW\ZQ\FK]Z\NRU]\VWDQLHPNRU\WDU]\

Wady

‡ QLHNLHG\WUXGQRMHVW]QDOHĨüSQLDNLRGSRZLHGQLHGOD]DNRWZLF]HQLDGROQHJRLOLQHN

NRWZLF]ąF\FK

‡ Z\PDJDVSHFMDOQHJRSU]HV]NROHQLD]HVSRáX]U\ZNRZHJRGODQDE\FLDXPLHMĊWQRĞFLNDO

NXODFMLáDGXQNXXĪ\WHF]QHJRLXJLĊFLDOLQ\QRĞQHM

‡ Z\PDJDGáXĪV]HJRF]DVXF\NOXGOD]U\ZNLGáXJRG\VWDQVRZHM2526+$

6\VWHPOLQ\QRĞQHMR]PLHQQ\PQDSLĊFLX6ODFN6N\OLQH6ODFNOLQH/LYH6N\OLQH

6\VWHPWHQZ\PDJDZFLąJDUNLSU]\QDMPQLHMGZXEĊEQRZHM-HGHQNRQLHFOLQ\QRĞQHMMHVW

]DNRWZLF]RQ\ZWHUHQLHDGUXJLQDZLQLĊW\QDEĊEHQZFLąJDUNLFRXPRĪOLZLDMHMRSXV]F]DQLH

ZGyáFHOHPSRGMĊFLDáDGXQNX1DMSURVWV]ąNRQVWUXNFMąMHVWV\VWHP]JUDZLWDF\MQ\PRGFLąJD

QLHPSXVWHJRZy]NDQRĞQHJRQD]UąE]ZDQ\6KRWJXQOXE)O\HU6\VWHP6KRWJXQQLHZ\PDJD

V\VWHPXSRZURWQHJR:y]HNLOLQDURERF]DVąRGSURZDG]DQHQD]UąE]DSRPRFąJUDZLWDFML

3RRGF]HSLHQLXáDGXQNXQDVNáDGQLF\RSHUDWRUQDSLQDOLQĊQRĞQą]DSHZQLDMąFDE\E\áDRQD

XWU]\P\ZDQDZVWDQLHQDSLĊW\PG]LĊNLKDPXOFRZL1DVWĊSQLHRSHUDWRU]ZDOQLDKDPXOHFOLQ\

URERF]HMLZy]HN]MHĪGĪDZGyáOLQ\QRĞQHMSRNROHMQ\áDGXQHN

background image

24

:*LO-0RW\ND6\VWHP\OLQRZHGR]U\ZNLGUHZQD±ZF]RUDMLG]LĞ

Zalety

‡ MHVWV]\ENLZ]DNUHVLHF]ĊĞFLSRZURWQHMF\NOX]U\ZNRZHJR

‡ X]\VNXMH]QDF]QHRV]F]ĊGQRĞFLSDOLZDG]LĊNLZ\NRU]\VWDQLXJUDZLWDFMLGRF]ĊĞFLSR

ZURWQHMF\NOX]U\ZNRZHJR

‡ RJUDQLF]DF]DVPRQWDĪXL]PLDQ\WUDV\

‡ ]DSHZQLDSRGZLHV]HQLHRLOHVWU]DáND]ZLVXOLQ\MHVWRGSRZLHGQLD

‡ SU]\RGSRZLHGQLHMVWU]DáFH]ZLVXOLQ\SR]ZDODQDGáXĪV]HRGOHJáRĞFL]U\ZNL:RUN

6DIH%&

Wady

‡ SR]ZDODMHG\QLHQD]U\ZNĊZJyUĊVWRNXWDPJG]LHLVWQLHMHRGSRZLHGQLDVWU]DáND]ZLVX

OLQ\LG\VWDQVPLĊG]\OLQąLWHUHQHP

‡ RJUDQLF]DV]HURNRĞüGURJL]U\ZNRZHMGRGáXJRĞFLOLQHN]DF]HSRZ\FK

‡ Z\PDJDVSHFMDOQ\FKNZDOL¿NDFMLGODNDONXODFMLZLHONRĞFLáDGXQNXXĪ\WHF]QHJRSU]\

GXĪ\FKRGOHJáRĞFLDFK]U\ZNL

6\VWHP]RELHJRZąOLQąQRĞQą5XQQLQJ6N\OLQH6FDEOXE*UDELQVNL)

:W\PV\VWHPLHZy]HNQRĞQ\SRUXV]DVLĊSROLQLHSRZURWQHMLMHVWXWU]\P\ZDQ\MHGQR

F]HĞQLHSU]H]GZLHOLQ\URERF]ąLSRZURWQąSHáQLąFHIXQNFMĊOLQ\QRĞQHM6\VWHPZ\PDJD

]V\QFKURQL]RZDQ\FKXU]ąG]HĔQDSLQDMąF\FKGRVWHURZDQLDQDSLĊFLHPOLQ\URERF]HMLSRZURWQHM

ZFHOXX]\VNDQLDRGSRZLHGQLHMVLá\XGĨZLJXáDGXQNX6áXĪąWHPXXU]ąG]HQLDU\JOXMąFHK\GUDX

OLF]QHOXEPHFKDQLF]QHOXEKDPXOFHWDUF]RZH0RĪOLZDMHVWWX]U\ZNDZJyUĊLZGyáVWRNX

QDRGOHJáRĞü±PDSU]\XĪ\FLXZR]DNDW\SXslackpullingUyZQLHĪ]U\ZNDERF]QDGR

P6]F]HJyOQąSRSXODUQRĞüX]\VNDá\RVWDWQLRGĨZLJLOLQRZHZ\SRVDĪRQHZPRĪOLZRĞüRE

URWXPDV]WX]V\VWHPHPOLQRZ\PRSHZLHQNąW5XQQLQJ6N\OLQH6ZLQJ<DUGHUVWZDU]DMąFH

VSRVREQRĞüVNáDGRZDQLDGUHZQDZ]GáXĪGURJLLHOLPLQXMąFNRQLHF]QRĞüSU]\JRWRZDQLDVSHFMDO

QHMVNáDGQLF\+DUULOODQG9LVVHU

Zalety

‡ PRĪOLZRĞüVWRVRZDQLDFLHĔV]\FKOLQFLĊĪDUáDGXQNXUR]NáDGDVLĊQDOLQ\URERF]ą

LSRZURWQą

‡ áDWZRLV]\ENRPRĪQDJR]DLQVWDORZDüG]LĊNLGXĪHMPRELOQRĞFLSU]HZRĨQ\MDUGHU

]PDV]WHP

‡ PRĪOLZRĞüSUDF\SU]\V]F]XSáHMSRZLHU]FKQLVNáDGRZDQLDLRGG]LHOHQLHSURFHVXWHFKQR

ORJLF]QHJR]U\ZNLLZ\ZR]XGUHZQDG]LĊNLZ\SRVDĪHQLXV\VWHPXZPDV]WREURWRZ\

‡ PRĪOLZRĞü]U\ZNLZJyUĊLZGyáVWRNX

‡ PRĪOLZRĞü]U\ZNL]DUyZQRQD]UĊEDFK]XSHáQ\FKMDNLSU]\FLĊFLDFKF]ĊĞFLRZ\FK

Wady

‡ MHVWWRV\VWHPW\ONRMHGQRSU]ĊVáRZ\EH]PRĪOLZRĞFLSUDF\ZIXQNFMLV\VWHPX

ZLHORSU]ĊVáRZHJR

‡ NUyWNL]DVLĊJ]U\ZNLSRQLĪHMPOXESU]\VWRVRZDQLXOLQHN]DF]HSRZ\FKLW\ONR

±PSU]\XĪ\ZDQLXFKZ\WDND

‡ Z\PDJDZ\VRNLFKSRGSyUGODXQLHVLHQLDáDGXQNXQDGJUXQWHP

‡ WUDQVSRUWXMHQLĪV]\áDGXQHNXĪ\WHF]Q\ZSRUyZQDQLX]LQQ\PLV\VWHPDPL]OLQąQRĞQą

‡ Z\VRNLH]XĪ\FLHSDOLZD

‡ SRZRGXMH]QDF]QHV]NRG\JOHERZH&2)256786$

background image

6WXGLDL0DWHULDá\&(3/Z5RJRZLH

R. 16. Zeszyt 39 / 2B / 2014

25

(ZROXFMDV\VWHPyZOLQRZ\FKZ(XURSLH

3LHUZV]\PZDĪQ\PNURNLHPWHFKQRORJLLMDUGHURZHME\áRRSUDFRZDQLHSU]HZRĨQ\FK

GĨZLJyZOLQRZ\FK]PDV]WHP,FKFHFKDPLFKDUDNWHU\VW\F]Q\PLMHVWLQWHJUDFMDEĊEQyZ

]DVLODQLDHQHUJLąLPDV]WXVWDORZHJRQDQRĞQLNXNRáRZ\POXEJąVLHQLFRZ\P:(XURSLH

ĝURGNRZHM.XUW9\SOHO]0$<50(/1+2)]DLQLFMRZDáWHQZDĪQ\NURNZUSRSU]H]

RSUDFRZDQLHGĨZLJXOLQRZHJRW]ZÄ*g66(57RZHU<DUGHU´7U]HVQLRZVNL.R

OHMQ\NURNZLQWHJUDFMLWRGRGDQLHZ\VLĊJQLNDGR]DLQVWDORZDQHJRQDVDPRFKRG]LHGĨZLJX

OLQRZHJRZUGRNWyUHJRPRĪQDE\áR]DF]HSLüFKZ\WDNDOERSURFHVRU:U

0$<50(+/+2)]DF]HSLáNDELQĊRSHUDWRUDGRZ\VLĊJQLNDGĨZLJOLQRZ\6\QFURIDONH

$NWXDOQ\VWDQLQWHJUDFMLWR]JUXSRZDQLHPDV]WXVWDORZHJRZ\VLĊJQLNDLNDELQ\RSHUDWRUD

QDMHGQHMSRGVWDZLHREURWRZHM.215$'$XVWULD'RNRĔFDODWSU]HZRĨQHGĨZLJL

OLQRZH]PDV]WHPZ\SRVDĪRQHZVWHURZDQHUDGLHPZy]NLQRĞQHLDXWRPDW\F]Q\UXFKRUD]

]DWU]\P\ZDQLHZy]NDQRĞQHJRVWDá\VLĊVWDQGDUGHPGODZV]\VWNLFKSURGXFHQWyZ+HLQLPDQQ

HWDO
.RV]W\LĞURGRZLVNRZZDUXQNDFKOLQRZHM]U\ZNLGUHZQD

.RV]W\SURGXNFMLP

GUHZQDSR]\VNDQHJRLWUDQVSRUWRZDQHJRGRGURJLSU]\XĪ\FLXNRP

ELQDFMLV\VWHPyZOLQRZ\FKLSURFHVRUyZZVWURP\PWHUHQLHZ\ND]XMąWHQGHQFMĊGRRVLąJDQLD

Z\VRNRĞFLNURWQLHZ\ĪV]HMQLĪKDUZHVWHUyZLIRUZDUGHUyZXĪ\WNRZDQ\FKZWHUHQLHXPLDUNR

ZDQLHQDFK\ORQ\P7DUyĪQLFDPRĪHVLĊ]PQLHMV]DüZPLDUĊPHFKDQL]DFMLRSHUDFMLSR]\VNDQLR

Z\FKZJyUDFKLZGUDĪDQLDWHFKQRORJLL&7/ZNRPELQDFMLGĨZLJXOLQRZHJR]IRUZDUGHUDPLFR

UHDOL]RZDQHMHVWMXĪ]SRZRG]HQLHPZ$XVWULL2SUDFRZDQ\Z$XVWULLSU]HZRGQLNGOD]U\ZNL

OLQRZHMPyJáE\E\üZ]RUFHPSRPRFQ\PWDNĪHGODZDUXQNyZZVFKRGQLRHXURSHMVNLFK*LO

RSLVXMHUyĪQHSRGHMĞFLDGR]DJDGQLHQLDZ\VRNLFKNRV]WyZ]U\ZNLOLQRZHMVWRVXMąFUyĪ

QRUDNLHVWUDWHJLHZ\FHQ\]QDF]QLHZLĊNV]\FKV]NyGJHQHURZDQ\FKSU]H]V\VWHP\QD]LHPQH

V]F]HJyOQLHZĞURGRZLVNXJOHERZ\P

3U]\NáDGHWDSRZHM]U\ZNLGUHZQDODUL[IRUZDUGHU-RKQ'HHUH

(ZQDGOHĞQLFWZLH:ĊJLHUVND*yUND

=U\ZNDGUHZQDQDEDGDQ\PWHUHQLH1DGOHĞQLFWZD:ĊJLHUVND*yUND UHDOL]RZDQDE\áDQDUHOD

W\ZQLHGXĪHRGOHJáRĞFL:]ZLą]NX]RJUDQLF]RQ\P]DVLĊJLHPV\VWHPX/DUL[GRPDNVLPXP

P]U\ZNDZSROVNLFKZDUXQNDFKODVyZJyUVNLFK]XZDJLQDXERJąLQIUDVWUXNWXUĊGURJRZą

]Z\NOHPDFKDUDNWHUHWDSRZ\-DNZ\QLND]WDEHOLPDNV\PDOQDRGOHJáRĞü]U\ZNLVLĊJDáDWX

DĪP3RQDGPDV\SR]\VNDQHJRGUHZQD]U\ZDQRQDG\VWDQVLH±P0DVD

GUHZQD]HUZDQHJRZ]DVLĊJXV\VWHPX/DUL[EH]NRQLHF]QRĞFLDQJDĪRZDQLDIRUZDUGHUDWR

QLHFRSRQDGRJyáX]HUZDQHJRGUHZQDRGOHJáRĞü]U\ZNLGRP

:URNX1DGOHĞQLFWZR:ĊJLHUVND*yUND]DNDĪG\P

GUHZQDSR]\VNDQHJRSU]H]

¿UPĊ;VWRVXMąFą]U\ZNĊHWDSRZąZW\P/DUL[]DSáDFLáRĞUHGQLR]áFR

SU]\FDáNRZLWHMPLąĪV]RĞFLSR]\VNDQHJRGUHZQDZ\QRV]ąFHMP

VWDQRZLáRNRV]W

]á3U]\FKRG\]HVSU]HGDĪ\GUHZQDSR]\VNDQHJRL]HUZDQHJRSU]H]ILUPĊ;

Z\QLRVá\]á]DWHP]\VN1DGOHĞQLFWZD:ĊJLHUVND*yUNDWRW\ONR]á

=WDEHOLZ\QLNDLĪVSU]HGDĪGUHZQDRSDáRZHJRW\SX6MHVW]XSHáQLHQLHRSáDFDOQD

SRQLHZDĪFHQDP

WHJRVRUW\PHQWXQLHSRNU\ZDNRV]WyZMHJRSR]\VNDQLDFRZLĊFHMVRU

W\PHQWWHQVWDQRZLáSRQDGRJyáX]HUZDQHJRGUHZQD

background image

26

:*LO-0RW\ND6\VWHP\OLQRZHGR]U\ZNLGUHZQD±ZF]RUDMLG]LĞ

Tab. 1.

=U\ZNDGUHZQDV\VWHPHP/DUL[RUD]FLąJQLNLHPIRUZDUGHU-RKQ'HHUH(Z1DGO

:ĊJLHUVND*yUNDZU
Table 1.

:RRGH[WUDFWLRQZLWK/DUL[V\VWHPDQGIRUZDUGHU-RKQ'HHUH(LQ:ĊJLHUVND*yUND

Forest District in 2011

Sortyment

:%2

:&2

WD

S2A

S2B

S4

&HQDQHWWR]á

6WDZND]D]U\ZNĊ]áP

,ORĞü]HUZDQ\FKP

.RV]W\1DGOHĞQLFWZD]á

3U]\FKyG1DGOHĞQLFWZD]á

3U]\FKyGUD]HP]á

.RV]WUD]HP]á

6DOGR]á

2GOHJáRĞü]U\ZNLP

=HUZDQDPDVDP

àąF]QLHPDVD]HUZDQD P

Tab. 2.

3U]\FKRG\LNRV]W\]U\ZNLGUHZQDV\VWHPHP/DUL[RUD]FLąJQLNLHPIRUZDUGHU-RKQ'HHUH

(Z1DGO:ĊJLHUVND*yUNDZU
Table 2. Income and costs of wood extraction with Larix 550 system and forwarder John Deere 1010E in

:ĊJLHUVND*yUND)RUHVW'LVWULFWLQ

background image

27

6WXGLDL0DWHULDá\&(3/Z5RJRZLH

R. 16. Zeszyt 39 / 2B / 2014

3RGVXPRZDQLHLZQLRVNL

6\VWHP\OLQRZH]XZDJLQDVZHOLF]QH]DOHW\]ZLą]DQH]HVWRVXQNRZRáDJRGQ\PRGG]LDá\

ZDQLHPQDĞURGRZLVNROHĞQHZ\GDMąVLĊSUH]HQWRZDüUHDOQHPRĪOLZRĞFLVWRVRZDQLDQDZLĊNV]ą

VNDOĊ-DN]DV\JQDOL]RZDQRZRSUDFRZDQLX]UyĪQ\FKSRZRGyZZW\P]XZDJLQDFRUD]

V]HUV]ąĞZLDGRPRĞüVSRáHF]QąZLHORIXQNF\MQHMUROLODVyZQDFLVNLJUXSRFKURQ\ĞURGRZLVND

REMĊFLH3URJUDPHP1DWXUD]QDF]QHMLORĞFLODVyZZ(XURSLHL3ROVFHHWFĞZLDWRZH]DLQ

WHUHVRZDQLHV\VWHPDPLOLQRZ\PLEĊG]LHZ\ND]\ZDüWHQGHQFMĊZ]URVWRZą

7HQWUHQGREVHUZXMHVLĊMXĪZ(XURSLHDURVQąFDSUHVMDRSLQLLSXEOLF]QHMNáDGąFDFRUD]

VLOQLHMV]\DNFHQWQDSR]DSURGXNF\MQHIXQNFMHODVXPRĪHWHQNLHUXQHNXPRFQLü

2VWDWHF]QHNV]WDáWRZDQLHVLĊLFKDUDNWHU]U\ZNLGUHZQDZODVDFKJyUVNLFKZ3ROVFHL(X

URSLHSR]DF]\QQLNDPLF]\VWRHNRQRPLF]Q\PLZGXĪHMPLHU]H]DOHĪHüEĊG]LHRGVWUDWHJLL

JRVSRGDUF]HMLSROLW\NL8QLL(XURSHMVNLHMWDNĪHZ]DNUHVLHOHĞQLFWZD

/LWHUDWXUD

%RURZ\5/7HFKQLF]QHQRZRĞFLZ1DGOHĞQLFWZLH*ROHQLyZ/DV3ROVNLQU

&2)256786$&DEOH<DUGLQJ6\VWHPVKWWSZZZFRIRUVWHGXFRIWHDFKIH&DEOH

6\VWHPVBFSGI

&RQZD\6W/RJJLQJ3UDFWLFHV0LOOHU)UHHPDQ3XEOLFDWLRQV,QF86$SS±

'H3DXO0$4XDQGOHWpOpSKpUDJHV¶LQVWDOOHHQSODLQH )RUrW:DOORQQHQQR±PDL

MXLQSS±

*LO:5RODLPLHMVFHNROHMHNLGĨZLJyZOLQRZ\FKZOHĞQLFWZLHZLHORIXQNF\MQ\P0D

WHULDá\]V\PSR]MXPQDXNRZHJRÄ7HQGHQFMHLSUREOHP\PHFKDQL]DFMLSUDFOHĞQ\FKZZD

UXQNDFKOHĞQLFWZDZLHORIXQNF\MQHJR´3R]QDĔ±F]HUZFDV±

+DUULOO+DQG9LVVHU5:KDWLVWKHEHVWULJJLQJFRQ¿JXUDWLRQWRXVHLQ1HZ=HDODQG

FDEOHORJJLQJRSHUDWLRQV"

WK

&RXQFLORQ)RUHVW(QJLQHHULQJ-XQH±4XHEHF

&LW\4XHEHF

+HLQLPDQQ+56WDPSIHU./RVFKHN-&DPLQDGD/3HUVSHFWLYHVRQ&HQWUDO(XURSHDQ

&DEOH<DUGLQJ6\VWHPV7KH,QWHUQDWLRQDO0RXQWDLQ/RJJLQJDQG

WK

3DFL¿F1RUWKZHVW

6N\OLQH6\PSRVLXPSS±

2526+$<DUGLQJDQG/RDGLQJ+DQGERRN2UHJRQ2FFXSDWLRQDO6DIHW\DQG+HDOWK

'LYLVLRQ6DOHP2586$S

3HDUFH-.6WHQ]HO*/RJJLQJDQG3XOSZRRG3URGXFWLRQ5RQDOG3UHVV&R±1HZ

<RUNS

6DPVHW,:LQFKDQGFDEOHV\VWHPVLQ1RUZHJLDQIRUHVWU\$VSS±

7U]HVQLRZVNL$)RUVWPDVFKLQHQXQG+RO]EULQJXQJ,,>)RUHVWPDFKLQHVDQGWLPEHU

H[WUDFWLRQ,,@,QVWLWXWIU)RUVWWHFKQLN8QLYHUVLWlWIU%RGHQNXOWXU:LHQ9RUOHVXQJVXQ

WHUODJHQ>/HFWXUH1RWHV@S

:RUN6DIH%&&DEOH<DUGLQJ6\VWHPV+DQGERRN%ULWLVK&ROXPELD&DQDGD

:DOGHPDU*LO-RDQQD0RW\ND

.DWHGUD8Ī\WNRZDQLD/DVXL'UHZQD

8QLZHUV\WHW5ROQLF]\LP+.RááąWDMDZ.UDNRZLH

UOJLO#F\INUHGXSO


Wyszukiwarka

Podobne podstrony:
Gil i Motyka 2014 Systemy linowe do zrywki drewna wczoraj i dziś Studia i Materiały CELP w Rogowie
Obrobka cieplna stali narzedziowych do pracy na goraco, Księgozbiór, Studia, Materiałoznastwo
Stal do ulepszania cieplnego i hartowania powierzchniowego, Studia, Materiałoznastwo, Metaloznastwo
Błażejczak, Helak, Śnieg 2014 Wpływ zrywki drewna skiderem linowym na wierzchnią warstwę gleby w drz
Przytulia wonna, Botanika - Systematyka roślin do druku
Sit sztywny, Botanika - Systematyka roślin do druku
Plakat KLODZKO GLOWNE Odjazdy wazny od 2014 04 27 do 2014 06 14
75 Nw 07 Przyrzad do szlifowania drewna
Krwiściąg lekarski, Botanika - Systematyka roślin do druku
Mięta długolistna, Botanika - Systematyka roślin do druku
Dziurawiec zwyczajny, Botanika - Systematyka roślin do druku
narzędzia do obróbki drewna
Rdest plamisty, Botanika - Systematyka roślin do druku
Dzwonek pokrzywolistny, Botanika - Systematyka roślin do druku
Lucerna siewna, Botanika - Systematyka roślin do druku
Łopian pajęczynowaty, Botanika - Systematyka roślin do druku
Plakat WROCLAW GLOWNY Przyjazdy wazny od 2014 04 27 do 2014 06 14

więcej podobnych podstron