>7@>1:0 >B@8<0;0  <VAF5 2 ?>;LAL:>-C:@0W=AL:><C :>=:C@AV <5B>48G=>-
4840:B8G=8E <0B5@V0;V2 ?@> A?V2?@0FN  V7=09<> :@0I5 =0H8E ACAV4V2 , O:89 1C2
>@30=V7>20=89 2 @0<:0E @>3@0<8  5@5B2>@5==O 2 @53V>=V - RITA
2B>@: @068=0 >4@652AL:0
"5<0: >;LH0  #:@0W=0, 01> ?V7=09<> :@0I5 =0H8E ACAV4V2.
@54<5B: 28E>2=0 3>48=0, 7CAB@VG 2 H:V;L=V9 1V1;V>B5FV 01> ?>70C@>G=5 70=OBBO.
V:: III :;0A 3V<=07VW
V;L:VABL >AV1, I> 15@5 CG0ABL 2 70=OBBOE: 5 3@C? ?> 4- 5 >AV1
5B0: =040B8 CG=O< V=D>@<0FVN ?@> ACAV40 >;LHV - #:@0W=C
VA;O 70=OBBO CG5=L:
- =02>48B8<5 45O:V D0:B8 7 VAB>@VW 42>E :@0W=
- ?V7=020B8<5 ?@0?>@ V 35@1 >1>E 45@602
- 2<VB8<5 7=0E>48B8 :>@8ABL, I> 28?;820T 7 4>1@8E ACAV4AL:8E 2V4=>A8=
- 287=0G0B8<5 2848 A?V2?@0FV 42>E :@0W=
- B2>@G> ?V4E>48B8<5 4> 28@VH5==O ?@>1;5<, 28:>=0==O 70240=L
- 5D5:B82=> ?@0FN20B8<5 2 3@C?V, 2 :><0=4V
5B>48 V B5E=V:8: @>1>B0 2 3@C?V, B@5=V=3, 15AV40, <C;LB8<54V9=0 ?@575=B0FVO, 48A:CAVO,
0:B82V7CNGV V3@8 V 701028
'0A: 2 x 45 E28;8=
0A>18: :><? NB5@, <C;LB8<54V9=0 ?@575=B0FVO, D;V?-G0@B, :0@B:8  :28B:8 =0 ;VB0:,
:0@B>G:8 7 A8<2>;0<8, A;>2=8:, <C;LB8<54V9=89 ?@>5:B>@, FC:5@:8
>?><V6=V <0B5@V0;8:
1  :28B:8 =0 ;VB0:, 0 B0:>6 ?>7=0G:8 =0 AB>;0E 4;O ?>4V;C =0 3@C?8
2  70240==O  0H8D@>20=0 V=D>@<0FVO
3  10;8 4;O 3@C?
4  :0@B>G:8 7 ;>7C=30<8 4> 3@8  A>FV0FVW
,!,  # !, # ! "'-"'%
"     ) !% !#!
5 - <C;LB8<54V9=0 ?@575=B0FVO  >;LH0  #:@0W=0  ?>G0B:>2V 2V4><>ABV
6  3@0  @0240 G8 D0;LH?
7  70240==O  @>: 70 :@>:><
8  B5;53@0<8 4;O 70G8BC20==O
9  D>B>3@0DVW, I> 45<>=AB@CNBL :@0T2848 #:@0W=8
10  520;N0FV9=0 0=:5B0 4;O CG=V2
V1;V>3@0DVO:
=D>@<0FVO V D>B>3@0DVW 27OBV 7 A09BV2: www.wikipedia.pl, www.pttk.avx.pl,
www.rosjapl.info, www.tolerancja.pl, www.gratka.pl, www.bezimienni.com,
www.buki.ing.uni.wroc.pl, www. clipart.pl
#!" ' 1
! 5@51V3 <VAB '0A @30=V70FV9=>-
70=OBL <5B>48G=V
(D>@<8 V 70C2065==O
<5B>48)
1. @82VB0==O G8B5;L 70?@>HCT :>6=>3> 0 :28B:0E =0?8A0=V
CG0A=8:V2 CG=O 28BO3=CB8 :28B>: =0 5 E2. =0728 :@0W= : =3;VO,
7CAB@VGV V ?>4V; ;VB0:.  ?>BV< 2VB0T 9>3>, $@0=FVO, >;0=4VO,
=0 3@C?8 28:>@8AB>2CNG8 =0ABC?=V B0;VO, A?0=VO (?> 5
D>@<C;N20==O: :28B:V2 7 =072>N
 VB0N >A>1C, O:0 283@0;0 :>6=>W :@0W=8). 0
?>;VB 4> $@0=FVW (?>?@>A8 AB>;0E 7=0E>4OBLAO
CG=V2 7 :28B:>< =0 ;VB0: 4> :0@B>G:8 7 A8<2>;0<8
?52=>W :@0W=8 ?V4V9B8 4> AB>;C, -. >40B>:1
,!,  # !, # ! "'-"'%
"     ) !% !#!
?>7=0G5=>3> A8<2>;><, 7 O:8<
0A>FVNTBLAO 40=0 :@0W=0. @8 VA;O 7025@H5==O
=0ABC?=8E A?@>10E CG=V ?@82VB0==O AB2>@8BLAO
?>2B>@NNBL ?@82VB0==O: 5 3@C?, 2 O:8E <>;>4L
 VB0N >A>1C, I> 283@0;0 1C45 ?@0FN20B8 ?V4
?>;VB 4> B0;VW G0A 70=OBL, >B@8<C20B8
 VB0N >A>1C, I> 283@0;0 10;8 70 28:>=0==O
?>;VB 4> =3;VW 70240=L
 VB0N >A>1C, I> 283@0;0
?>;VB 4> A?0=VW
 VB0N >A>1C, I> 283@0;0
?>;VB 4> >;0=4VW
G8B5;L 707=0G0T, I> 3@C?0, G8B5;L ?>28=5=
O:0 283@0;0 >B@8<CT 7=09B8 A?>=A>@0 01>
=5A?>4V20=C =03>@>4C  10BL:V2AL:89 :><VB5B
A?V;L=89 ?>EV4 4> @5AB>@0=C 7 ?>:@820T 28B@0B8 2
C:@0W=AL:>N :CE=5N. @5AB>@0=V (C:@0W=AL:89
1>@I, 20@5=8:8).
2. >2V4><;5==O G8B5;L V=D>@<CT CG=V2, I> G8B5;L @>740T 3@C?0<
CG=O< B5<8 ?V4 G0A 70=OBL 1C45<> :0@B>G:8 7 70240==O<8,
70=OBL  4V7=020B8AL I>AL =>25 ?@> 5 E2. @>72 O70==O O:8E
70H8D@>20=0 ?52=C T2@>?59AL:C :@0W=C. /:C 2:065 B5<C 7CAB@VGV -
V=D>@<0FVO :@0W=C 1C45<> 282G0B8 >40B>: 2.
4>2V40T<>AL ?VA;O 28:>=0==O
70240==O.
#G0A=8:8 7CAB@VGV A?V;L=> @C?0, O:0 =09H284H5
2AB0=>2;NNBL, I> @>72 O7:>< @>73040T H8D@ V =0725
H8D@C T 30A;> >;LH0  30A;>, >B@8<CT 10;8 -
#:@0W=0 . >40B>: 3.
&5 T A8<2>;8 2@>
2012
,!,  # !, # ! "'-"'%
"     ) !% !#!
G8B5;L 45<>=AB@CT 283;O4 >2V;L=V 2V4?>2V4V
10;V2 V 70?8BCT I> F59 A8<2>;
<0T A?V;L=>3> 7 B5<>N 7CAB@VGV.
3. @0  A>FV0FVW G8B5;L 70?8ACT =0 =0 4>HFV >40B>: 4  :>6=0
01> =0 D;V?-G0@BV >B@8<0=5 10 E2. 3@C?0 H;OE><
30A;>: >;LH0 - #:@0W=0. 65@51:C20==O >B@8<CT
28@07. 0;V
VA;O FL>3> =07820NBLAO ?@54AB02;ONBL 7<VAB
D0:B8, O:V ?>T4=CNBL >;LHC V 28@07C V=H8< 3@C?0<,
#:@0W=C, 0 B0:>6 :>@>B:> WE 0;5 =5 70G8BCNBL
E0@0:B5@87CNBL. >B@8<0=>3> 28@07C.
/:I> O:0AL 3@C?0
!?V;L=> ?V4:@5A;NT<>, I> T 2V43040T 28@07, B>
1030B> D0:BV2 7 @V7=8E AD5@ 70?8ACT 9>3> =0 4>HFV.
68BBO >;LHV V #:@0W=8, O:V T @87=0G0NBLAO 10;8
A?V;L=8<8 4;O >1>E :@0W=, O:V 3@C?0<, O:V
=0A T4=0NBL. ?@575=BC20;8 28@078 V
O:V 2V4304C20;8.
4. C;LB8<54V9=0 #G=V 4>2V40NBLAO E0@0:B5@=V 10 E2. >40B>: 5  2G8B5;L
?@575=B0FVO @8A8 :>6=>W 7 :@0W=. &5 ?@54AB02;OT :>@>B:C
4>72>;8BL W< ?>@V2=OB8 <C;LB8<54V9=C
>;LHC V #:@0W=C, 0 B0:>6 ?@575=B0FVN. V4 G0A
287=0G8B8 ACAV4AL:V AB>AC=:8. 45<>=AB@0FVW A;094V2
725@B0T C203C CG=V2 =0:
?>;>65==O :@0W=,
:>@4>=8, 28EV4 4>
<>@O, 281@0=V
VAB>@8G=V D0:B8, =,
wybrane wątki
historyczne.
,!,  # !, # ! "'-"'%
"     ) !% !#!
5. @0  @0240 G8 !8AB5<0B870FVO 7=0=L >40B>: 6  2G8B5;L
D0;LH CG0A=8:V2 7CAB@VGV, 0 B0:>6 15 E2. @>740T :>6=V9 3@C?V ?>
287=0G5==O @V2=O WE 2 :0@B>G:8 7 =0?8A0<8
>1V7=0=>ABV ?@> #:@0W=C, :   V $,(.
>;LHC V ?@> WE 270T<>72 O7>:,  40;V 70G8BCT CG=O<
?>4V1=VABL V 2V4<V==VABL. G5@3>2V B25@465==O,
O:V <VABOBL
V=D>@<0FVN, I> 1C;0
=040=0 2 ?@575=B0FVW.
VA;O :>6=>3> 28@07C
CG=V 287=0G0NBLAO O:C
:0@B:C ?V4=OB8 .
81@0=V ?@54AB02=8:8
3@C? >13@C=B>2CNBL
2V4?>2V4V. G8B5;L
?>OA=NT G8 70G8B0=V
B25@465==O T ?@024>N
G8 D0;LH5<. @C?0<,
O:V ?@89=O;8
?@028;L=C ?>78FVN,
?@87=0G0T 10;8.
6. V4AC<C20==O 025@H5==O 7CAB@VGV. G8B5;L 2 E2. #G0A=8:8
10;V2 4O:CT <>;>4V 70 ?@0FN =0 ?V4@0E>2CNBL 10;8 V
70=OBBV V 70?@>HCT =0 =0ABC?=C >?;5A:0<8 2VB0NBL
7CAB@VG. :><0=4C, O:0 >B@8<0;0
=091V;LHC :V;L:VABL
10;V2.
,!,  # !, # ! "'-"'%
"     ) !% !#!
#!" ' 2
l.p. 5@51V3 <VAB '0A @30=V70FV9=>-
70=OBL <5B>48G=V 70C2065==O
(D>@<8 V
<5B>48)
1. @82VB0==O G8B5;L 2VB0T <>;>4L V ?@>A8BL G8B5;L ?@>A8BL
CG0A=8:V2 709=OB8 <VAFO 2 3@C?0E, 2 O:8E 5 E2. CG0A=8:V2 709=OB8
70=OBL V ?@0FN20;8 ?V4 G0A >AB0==L>3> <VAFO 2 3@C?0E , 2 O:8E
709<0==O 70=OBBO. >@>B:> ?@8304CT B5<C ?@0FN20;8 ?V4 G0A
<VAFL 4;O ?>?5@54=L>W 7CAB@VGV. 07=0G0T, >AB0==VE 70=OBL. 0
@>1>B8 I> ?V4 G0A AL>3>4=VH=L>W AB>;8:0E AB>OBL
7CAB@VGV 1C45<> 40;V @>7<>2;OB8 :0@B>G:8 7 A8<2>;0<8.
?@> ACAV4AL:V 2V4=>A8=8 7 0304CT C<>28
#:@0W=>N, 0 ?@> O:V ?@>1;5<8 >B@8<0==O 10;V2.
1C45<> 4>:;04=VH5 3>2>@8B8
4>2V40T<>AO ?VA;O 28:>=0==O
70240==O.
2. 0240==O 07=0G0T<>, I> =0 7CAB@VGV 15 E2. G8B5;L 282VHCT =0
 @>: 70 1C45<> @>7<>2;OB8 ?@> 4>HFV 4V03@0<C 4;O
:@>:>< A?V2?@0FN. 70?>2=5==O  >40B>:
7. 0;V 70G8BCT
?>G5@3>2V :@>:8.
V4?>2V40T B0 3@C?0,
O:0 73>;>A8;0AO ?5@H0.
5@5<>6FV 70?8ACNBL
1C:2C =0 4V03@0<V V
>B@8<CNBL 10;.
,!,  # !, # ! "'-"'%
"     ) !% !#!
3. 7=0G5==O G8B5;L 70?8BCT CG=V2, I> !?V2?@0FO 01>
B5@<V=C >7=0G0T A;>2>  A?V2?@0FO . !?V24VO;L=VABL, F5
 !?V2?@0FO !?>G0B:C <>;>4L ?>40T A2>T 7 E2. 740B=VABL AB2>@5==O
- <>73>289 @>7C<V==O FL>3> A;>20, 0 ?>BV< 72 O7:V2 V A?V24VO;L=VABL
HBC@< A?V;L=> 70G8BCNBL >7=0G5==O 7V 7 V=H8<8, 2<V==O
A;>2=8:0. > 28@07C ?@0FN20B8 2 3@C?V 4;O
 A?V2?@0FO 2G8B5;L 4><0;L>2CT 4>AO3=5==O A?V;L=>W
AB@V;:8 V ?@>A8BL CG=V2 <5B8, 2<V==O A?V;L=>
70?@>?>=C20B8 E0@0:B5@=V 28:>=C20B8 70240==O V
4>?>2=5==O, =0?@8:;04, A?V;L=> 28@VHC20B8
<V6=0@>4=0, B>20@8ABAL:0 V B.4. ?@>1;5<8 (=0 >A=>2V
www.wikipedia.pl).
G8B5;L ?@87=0G0T
! &/
10;8 70 :>6=5
70?@>?>=>20=5 A;>2>.
4. 0H8D@>20=V AB0=>2;5==O D>@< A?V2?@0FV, 8 E2. >6=0 3@C?0 2818@0T
B5;53@0<8  O:V 28=8:0NBL <V6 >;LH5N V 70240==O
70240==O 4> #:@0W=>N. 65@51:C20==O< V
28:>=0==O 28:>=CT 9>3>  >40B>:
8. VA;O FL>3>
0=0;V7CNBL >B@8<0=89
7<VAB V ?@54AB02;ONBL
V=H8< 3@C?0<. G8B5;L
72V@OT 2V4?>2V4V V
?@87=0G0T 10;8 70
H284:VABL V
?@028;L=VABL
28:>=0==O.
5. 8A:CAVO '8 206;82> 4;O >;LHV V 5 E2. >2V;L=V 2V4?>2V4V
#:@0W=8, I>1 ACAV4AL:V CG=V2.
AB>AC=:8 1C;8 4>1@8<8? '8
A?V;L=0 >@30=V70FVO 2@> 2012
?>:@0I8BL 2V4=>A8=8 <V6
,!,  # !, # ! "'-"'%
"     ) !% !#!
:@0W=0<8?
G8B5;L 70?8BCT <>;>4L, G8 G8B5;L 70?@>HCT
?0< OB0NBL 4> O:8E >A>1C, O:0 28@078;0
T2@>?59AL:8E :@0W= 28BO3=C;8 1060==O 2V42V40B8
:28B:8? 040T ?8B0==O  :>3> #:@0W=C 4> AB>;8:0, =0
#:@0W=0 70FV:028;0 =0ABV;L:8, O:><C 28:;045=V
I> E>BV2 18 ?@>25AB8 B0< 1C:;5B8 7 ?@>3@0<0<8
:0=V:C;8? . =D>@<CT, I> 5:A:C@AV9 4> @V7=8E
#:@0W=C <>6=0 2V42V40B8 <VAFL #:@0W=8,
3@C?>N G5@57 BC@8AB8G=V 1N@> D>B>3@0DVW 7
01> V=482V4C0;L=>. 0728G09 T BC@8AB8G=8<8
1030B> 5:A:C@AV9 4> #:@0W=8. @>72030<8, 0 B0:>6
07=0G0T, I> I>@07 1V;LH5 7304:8 7 5:A:C@AV9 ?>
?>;O:V2 2V42V4CT FN :@0W=C, G8O @8<C, O:V 7=0945=V 7
VAB>@VO T =0ABV;:8 ?5@5?;5B5=0 7 V=B5@=5BAB>@V=>: 
=0H>N, I> <>6=0 7=09B8 1030B> >40B>: 9.
?>;LAL:8E <>B82V2.
6. 0:V=G5==O G8B5;L 4O:CT <>;>4V 70 ?@0FN 5 E2.
70=OBL: ?V4 G0A 7CAB@VGV. @>A8BL 3@C?8
520;N0FV9=0 2825AB8 7030;L=C AC<C
0=:5B0 >B@8<0=8E 10;V2. @C?V, O:0
283@0;0 2@CG0T 70?@>H5==O 4>
@5AB>@0=C =0 7CAB@VG 7 20;N0FV9=0 0=:5B0 
C:@0W=AL:>N :CE=5N. 0 >40B>: 10.
7025@H5==O ?@>A8BL 2AVE
70?>2=8B8 0=:5BC.
,!,  # !, # ! "'-"'%
"     ) !% !#!