ADVERBS OF MANNER

 Most adverbs of manner are formed by adding `-ly' to an adjective, but sometimes other spelling     changes are needed.

 We cannot form adverbs from adjectives that end in `-ly'.

 Some adverbs have the same form as adjectives.

 We do not use adverbs after link verbs, you use adjectives.

 Adverbials of manner are sometimes prepositional phrases or noun groups.

1. Adverbs of manner are often formed by adding `-ly'to an adjective.

Adjectives bad beautiful careful quick quiet soft

=>

Adverbs badly beautifully carefully quickly quietly softly

2. Adverbs formed in this way usually have a similar meaning to the adjective.

She is as clever as she is beautiful.

He talked so politely and danced so beautifully.

`We must not talk. We must be quiet,' said Sita.

She wanted to sit quietly, to relax.

3. There are sometimes changes in spelling when an adverb is formed from an adjective.

 
`-le' changes to `-ly':
`-y' changes to `-ily':
`-ic' changes to `-ically':
`-ue' changes to `-uly':
`-ll' changes to `-lly':

Adjectives
gentle
easy
automatic
true
full

Adverbs
gently
easily
automatically
truly
fully

Note that `public' changes to `publicly', not `publically'.

WARNING: We cannot form adverbs from adjectives that already end in `-ly'. For example, you cannot say `He smiled at me friendlily'. We can sometimes use a prepositional phrase instead: `He smiled at me in a friendly way'.

4. Some adverbs of manner have the same form as adjectives and have similar meanings, for example `fast', `hard', and `late'.

I've always been interested in fast cars. (adjective)

The driver was driving too fast. (adverb)

Note that `hardly' and `lately' are not adverbs of manner and have different meanings from the adjectives `hard' and `late'.

It was a hard decision to make.

I hardly had any time to talk to her.

The train was late as usual.

Have you seen John lately?

5. The adverb of manner related to the adjective `good' is `well'.

He is a good dancer.

He dances well.

Note that `well' can sometimes be an adjective when it refers to someone's health.

`How are you?'- `I am very well, thank you.'

6. We do not use adverbs after I i nk verbs such as `be', `become', `feel', `get', `look', and `seem'. You use an adjective after these verbs. 

For example, you do not say `Sue felt happily'. You say `Sue felt happy'.

7. We do not often use prepositional phrases or noun groups as adverbials of manner. However, we occasionally need to use them, for example when there is no adverb form available. The prepositional phrases and noun groups usually include a noun such as `way', `fashion', or `manner', or a noun that refers to someone's voice.

She asked me in such a nice manner that I couldn't refuse..

He did it the right way..

They spoke in angry tones.

Prepositional phrases with `like' are also used as adverbials of manner.

I slept like a baby..

He drove like a madman.

1. I agree with you 
   . You're 
    right. (complete, absolute)
   2. I'm afraid I 
    forgot to bring my camera. (stupid)
   3. The work very 
   . (hard)
   4. My mum looked at me 
   . (angry)
   5. Here is 
    very noisy, but today it is 
    quiet. (usual, strange)
   6. The students were behaving 
    in the classroom. (noisy)
   7. He apologised 
    for his mistakes. (public)
   8. It snowed 
    for the three days. (continuous)
   9. The play ended 
    with the hero's death. (dramatic)
   10. She arranged her room 
   , everything in its place. (tidy)

. For each of the following sentences, fill in the blank with the adverb which corresponds to the adjective given in brackets. For example:
      The letter was ________ legible. (scarce)
      The letter was scarcely legible.

      He did the work as _________ as possible. (careful)
      He did the work as carefully as possible.

      They won the game ______. (easy)
      They won the game easily.

      She handled the situation very _______. (capable)
      She handled the situation very capably.

      I _____ expected that to happen. (full)
      I fully expected that to happen.

      The view was _____ magnificent. (true)
      The view was truly magnificent.

      The theory has never been ______________ proved. (scientific)
      The theory has never been scientifically proved.

1. I was __________ impressed by their courage. (due)
2. The children chattered _____________. (noisy)
3 The sun shone _____________ behind the clouds. (pale)
4. They have settled in ______________. (comfortable)
5. He _______________ maintained his point of view. (dogmatic)
6. Everything is proceeding ___________. (normal)
7. Please drive ____________. (slow)
8. She worked _____________ until nine o'clock. (steady)
9. The cost of fuel has risen ______________. (dramatic)
10. He _____________ scrambled up the slope. (agile)
ii. Everything was explained clearly and ____________. (simple)
12. The train whistle blew ____________ at the crossing. (shrill)
13. ____________ , it stopped raining before we had to leave. (lucky)
14. She was signaling ______________. (frantic)
15. That was ____________ unexpected. (whole)
16. We arrived _____________. (punctual)
17. England is a ____________ populated country. (dense)
18. They are ___________ dependent on coal for fuel. (sole)
19. The material was produced _______________. (synthetic)
20. They ___________ agreed to the proposal. (ready)
Answers 

2. For each of the following sentences, fill in the blank with the adverb which corresponds to the adjective given in brackets. For example:
      He hit the ball ____. (hard)
      He hit the ball hard.

      The newspaper is delivered _____. (daily)
      The newspaper is delivered daily.

      She did ____ in the competition. (good)
      She did well in the competition.

      Please close the door _______. (quiet)
      Please close the door quietly.

1. I drove ____________ home. (straight)
2. We came to work ____________. (early)
3. She ____________ filled in the answers. (quick)
4. He likes to drive ____________. (fast)
5. We proceeded ______________. (cautious)
6. He threw the ball ____________ into the air. (high)
7. How __________ do you know her? (good)
8. We arrived _________. (late)
9. They did the work ___________. (bad)
10. He spoke ___________. (little)
ii. The gathering is held . (annual)
12. They replied _____________. (immediate)
13. The workers met ____________. (weekly)
14. I will deal with that problem ____________. (first)
15. They were ______________ dressed for the occasion. (suitable)
Answers 

3. For each of the following sentences, pay attention to whether the word to be placed in the blank modifies a noun or a verb, and complete the sentence with either the adjective given in brackets or the corresponding adverb, as appropriate. For example:
      It is necessary to wear _____ clothes in the winter. (thick)
      It is necessary to wear thick clothes in the winter.

      Snow fell _______ on the ground. (thick)
      Snow fell thickly on the ground.

1. We ______________ concluded the deal. (successful)
2. He is a ______________ businessman. (successful)
3. There was a ___________ rain in the morning. (light)
4. She ran ____________ up the steps. (light)
5. The path was ____________ marked. (clear)
6. We gave him a ____________ signal to continue. (clear)
7. I ___________ disagree with you. (strong)
8. There is a ____________ wind from the north. (strong)
9. She waved _____________. (cheerful)
10. I gazed at the __________ water of the lake. (tranquil)
11. The engine operates as ______________ as possible. (efficient)
12. Is that a ____________ decision? (recent)
13. He has behaved very ______________. (responsible)
14. ____________ snow is forecast for tomorrow. (heavy)
15. I opened the door ____________ and stepped outside. (quiet)
16. Icicles hung from the ____________ needles of the pine trees. (dark)
Answers 

4. For each of the following sentences, pay attention to whether the word to be placed in the blank modifies a noun or an adjective, and complete the sentence with either the adjective given in brackets or the corresponding adverb, as appropriate. For example:
      A ____ wooden fence surrounded the playground. (high)
      A high wooden fence surrounded the playground.

      A ______ skilled worker will be required for this job. (high)
      A highly skilled worker will be required for this job.

1. They have a _________ front lawn. (wide)
2. He has challenged a __________ held theory. (wide)
3. Every author likes to receive ___________ book reviews. (favorable)
4. ____________ situated farms often produce higher yields than other farms. (favorable)
5. Many ______________ incomprehensible phenomena have been explained with the help of modern science. (previous)
6. Many _____________ city councils have succeeded in balancing the budget. (previous)
7. ____________ weather conditions have prevailed for the past ten days. (unusual)
8. An ______________ large number of variables must be taken into account. (extreme)
9. ______________ few people understand the situation. (relative)
10. She wrote a ______________ short story. (humorous)
11. That was a ____________ occurring event. (frequent)
12. Our city boasts a _____________ bus service. (frequent)
13. It was a __________ Easter Sunday. (hot)
14. It was a __________ debated issue. (hot)
Answers 

5. For each of the following sentences, pay attention to whether the word to be placed in the blank modifies the verb or the subject of the verb, and complete the sentence with either the adjective given in brackets or the corresponding adverb, as appropriate. For example:
      We tasted the soup ____________. (suspicious)
      We tasted the soup suspiciously.

      The meal tasted _________. (delicious)
      The meal tasted delicious.

1. The moon appeared ____________ between the clouds. (brief)
2. He looked ______________. (happy)
3. He looked ______________ at the timetable. (attentive)
4. We felt ____________ after supper. (sleepy)
5. After the lights went out, we felt our way ____________ to our rooms. (sleepy)
6. The maple tree grew ____________. (quick)
7. The sky grew ____________. (dark)
8. He became ______________ at the thought of giving a speech. (excited)
9. She became a teacher ______________ after graduating. (immediate)
10. The pastries smelled ____________. (sweet)
11. We ____________ smelled the aroma of fresh bread. (eager)
Answers 

6. Rewrite the following sentences as comparisons, using the comparative form of the adverb, and the wordthan. For each sentence, use the word or words given in brackets as the second part of the comparison. For example:
      The living room was furnished elegantly. (the study)
      The living room was furnished more elegantly than the study.

      Because they were nervous, they performed badly. (they should have)
      Because they were nervous, they performed worse than they should have.

1. The train travels fast. (the bus)
2. In the morning, the sun shone brightly. (in the afternoon)
3. The footpath runs straight. (the road)
4. Joe sings badly. (Rick)
5. I got up early. (you did)
6. The wild deer came near. (I had expected)
7. Her son plays the violin well. (her daughter does)
8. Captain Cook sailed far. (Columbus did)
9. You are late. (the others)
10. The stream flows swiftly. (the river)
11. She studies hard. (her classmates)
12. The project was completed successfully. (we had anticipated)
Answers 

7. Rewrite the following sentences, using progressive comparisons instead of the adverb increasingly, and using the expression less and less instead of the adverb decreasingly. For example:
      The rain fell increasingly heavily.
      The rain fell more and more heavily.

      The wind blew increasingly hard.
      The wind blew harder and harder.

      Finally, the rain drummed decreasingly loudly on the roof.
      Finally, the rain drummed less and less loudly on the roof.

1. As the evening wore on, we spoke decreasingly animatedly.
2. The spectators cheered increasingly loudly.
3. The chirping of the crickets disturbed us increasingly little.
4. As he grew older, he walked increasingly far.
5. The new shuttle service functioned increasingly reliably.
6. The sun shone decreasingly intensely.
7. As I became tired, I wrote increasingly slowly.
8. The boy learned to read increasingly well.
Answers 

8. Rewrite each of the following sentences, changing the positive form of the adverb to the superlative form, and using the definite article the. Use the words given in brackets as the second part of the comparison. For example:
      This window opens easily. (of all the windows in the room)
      This window opens the most easily of all the windows in the room.

      He plays this piece well. (of anyone in the band)
      He plays this piece the best of anyone in the band.

1. She understood the lesson readily. (of all the pupils in the class)
2. This kite flies badly. (of all the kites I have ever made)
3. That train leaves early. (of all the trains departing from this station)
4. Last night it snowed hard. (of any night in the year)
5. The potato field produces little. (of all the fields on the farm)
6. This highway runs straight. (of all the highways in the country)
7. She speaks quietly. (of all the people I know)
8. The bass sings low. (of all the singers)
9. Eagles fly high. (of all the birds which live in the mountains)
10. She prepares meals well. (of all the students in the class)
11. They regard his proposal favorably. (of all the proposals they have received)
12. Bill ran far. (of all the boys)
13. His arrow came near. (to the center of the target)
14. This bus travels slowly. (of all the buses)
Answers 

9. Paying attention to the sentence structure, complete each of the following sentences correctly by filling in the blank with the positive, comparative, or superlative form of the adverb given in brackets. For example:
      We clapped as ______ as we could. (loudly)
      We clapped as loudly as we could.

      They arrived _____________ than they had expected. (promptly)
      They arrived more promptly than we had expected.

      She swam the ________ of all the girls in the school. (far)
      She swam the farthest of all the girls in the school.

      The more you study, the ______ you will do on the test. (well)
      The more you study, the better you will do on the test.

1. Cheetahs run the _______________ of all mammals. (fast)
2. We described our experiences as ______________ as we could. (vividly)
3. The more encores she sings, the _____________________ the audience applauds. (enthusiastically)
4. He practises the ___________________ of all the members of the team. (diligently)
5. The ___________ you study, the poorer your marks will be. (little)
6. He explains his ideas ____________________ than you do. (convincingly)
7. They wrote as _________________ as possible. (intelligibly)
8. Seagulls fly ______________ than ducks do. (well)
9. Birds of prey soar the _________________ of all birds. (impressively)
10. The ______________ you exercise, the stronger you will become. (much)
11. They have traveled as __________________ as possible. (widely)
12. She examined the material __________________ than I did. (thoroughly)
13. He explains the subject the __________________ of all the teachers in the school. (well)
14. Advanced skiers complete the course twice as ________________ as beginners. (rapidly)
15. I have written out the assignment __________________ than you have. (neatly)
16. The ______________ I walk, the more refreshed I feel. (far)
Answers 
 

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