Types of Cylinders


Types of Cylinders

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There are two basic types of compressed gas cylinders. Non-refillable cylinders are designed for one-time use and should never be refilled or reused. Refillable cylinders are made of steel or aluminum, and are designed for refilling and repeated use. Some cylinders have been in service for over 40 years! Most refillable cylinders have an open interior with walls of 1/4 inch steel and a reinforced neck and bottom. Because commonly used gases are highly pressurized (between 1,500 psig and 2,500 psig), cylinders must be maintained in good condition and protected from accidental damage at all times.

A compressed gas cylinder that has been accidentally knocked over and damaged at the valve can result in extensive property damage and personal injury. Never attempt to stop a damaged cylinder that is spinning in place due to rapid release of pressurized contents! Leave the area until the contents are dispelled and the cylinder has stopped.

Refillable cylinders also come in three different types:

Cylinder Damage

Cylinders can be damaged in several ways:

Effects of heat can cause the cylinder to expand and contract with pressure changes. Cylinders are designed, to some degree, to handle such pressure changes, however, cylinders made of aluminum are affected by heat more than cylinders made of steel and can rupture. Some suppliers use invisible heat strips on the cylinders to identify damage from heat. Strips are invisible under normal temperatures, but will turn orange or brown if exposed to more than 120 degrees F.

Arcing damage from welding operations can result in a heat rise sufficient enough0x08 graphic
to cause a pressure explosion or the pressure relief device to activate. When this occurs on a fuel gas cylinder, such as acetylene, it can cause rapid dissociation within the cylinder resulting in greater destruction and/or injuries. This occurs most frequently on argon, carbon dioxide, helium, and inert mixture cylinders used in heliarc welding when the torch is left dangling on top of the cylinder. For this to happen, the cylinder must be part of the electrical circuit connecting the work to the welding machine. This is highly dangerous even without the arc burn and must not be permitted. Arc burns are easily recognized by a spot, or series of spots, of freshly burned paint, exposing bare metal. When caused by a stick electrode, there can be a deposit of filler metal on the cylinder where the electrode dragged.

Dents can occur from impact or mishandling, which can weaken the walls of the cylinder making it more susceptible to rupture.

Corrosion from moisture, salt, corrosives, and other materials can corrode cylinders, especially the bottom of the cylinder where stored on the ground. Always store cylinders in a dry location, preferably on a concrete surface.

Cylinder Labeling

Cylinders must contain the following information:

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Leaking Cylinders

If a leaking cylinder is detected during delivery from the supplier, the cylinder should be rejected and/or returned to the supplier. For other situations, consider the following:

Minor (Non-Hazardous) Leaks

For cylinders with minor leaks:

Major Leaks



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