Poziom podstawowy
Zapis nagrania do zadania 1.
Man: Hello. My name's Dominique. You don't know me but you've all heard my voice. I talk for a living. I talk commercial talk-you know, radio stuff. Hear, listen:
Jingle 1
Child: Ah, come on Dad! You've been playing with my Game Boy for the last hour.
Man: Just five minutes more, Andy, I promise. Oh, I missed.
Child: Dad! We have to leave. My basketball game starts in half an hour!
Man: Okay, okay. I'm just about to beat my record... Oh, no!!! What happened?
Child: Ha! You ran out of batteries!
Male announcer: Don't buy just any ordinary battery. Depend on Eternal Battery!
They'll never let you down!
Jingle 2
Woman: Bill, did you take out the rubbish?
Man: Yes, dear.
Woman: And did you walk the dog?
Man: Yes, dear.
Woman: What about the lawn? Did you mow it?
Man: I did, dear. Is there anything else you want me to do?
Woman: No, not for the moment. Just don't go anywhere. I'll need help hanging the
curtains later.
Man: Yes. Dear.
Male announcer: When life gets just a bit too much, free your mind. Fly Springair
to the World Cup Final on Sunday. Springair. We care!
Jingle 3
Male announcer: For a great night out, Carlito's is the place to be. Bite into the
juiciest steak this side of the Atlantic and dig into a basket of delicious jumbo shrimp
that is just out of this world. Enjoy a pitcher of sangria and dance the night away to the
hottest Salsa band in town. Just off Highway 7. Look for the big sombrero on the
corner!
Man: Well, there you have it - I'm the man of a thousand voices. So, why don't you call me - if I'm not here just leave a message - Hey, then I can check out your voice! Dominique.
Used by courtesy of Express Publishing
Zapis nagrania do zadania 2.
Dean: Wow, what a great show! The musicians were fabulous! Don't you think that
was a great concert?
Mary: It was OK, I guess.
D: OK? You guess? Why, that was Chick Corea that we saw, one of the greatest jazz
musicians of all time. What do you mean it was OK?
M: I don't know. Maybe I'm just not used to that kind of music, I just found it a bit odd.
And boring.
D: Boring? Odd? Why would you think that?
M: Well, the music was fast for a few minutes and then it would slow down. I couldn't
follow the beat of it. And there were no words! I really couldn't keep up with the music
because there was no theme to it. You know, pop songs have a theme, about love or
whatever, there's always something to follow in the song. But with this jazz music
I had nothing to relate to and I just found it really boring.
D: But that's the beauty of jazz! It doesn't stick to a predictable rhythm like pop music
does. Sure sometimes it's fast and then it becomes slow, but that's what gives jazz its
unique style. Perhaps when it has a beat that goes all over the place, like you said, it's
a bit tricky to follow. But you just have to go with the flow. Also, it definitely has
a beat that can get your feet tapping!
M: Yeah, I guess you're right, but I think I'd like it better if it had words.
D: Come on Mary, not all music has to have words for people to enjoy it. Think about
some of the beautiful pieces of classical music or instrumental rock and pop music.
They might not have lyrics but you can certainly feel the emotion and understand the
meaning.
M: I suppose so but I prefer music with words, they give me something to relate to.
D: I tell you what, why don't you come over on Sunday? I've got some jazz CD's we
can listen to and you can let me try and explain the music to you. Sometimes you have
to concentrate to enjoy jazz. But once you do, I'm sure you'll like it a lot better than you
do now.
M: Maybe. I think it would be a good idea for me to learn about jazz, after all. There are
always free jazz concerts going on.
D: I believe the government helps support jazz and gives the public free concerts
because it's considered more of an art form than pop music is. But hey, that's just my
opinion.
Used by courtesy of Express Publishing
Zapis nagrania do zadania 3.
Kate: (loud and scared) Oh, what's that?!
Jim: What? What's the matter?
K: Oh... it's OK... I thought I saw a spider.
J: Oh, for goodness sake! You scared the life out of me!
K: Well I'm sorry, Jim, but spiders scare the life out of me!
J: You know you really should get some treatment forthat phobia of yours, Kate.
K: Oh no! I know about treating phobias. I'd have to touch a huge spider and there's
no way.
J: You don't have to touch a real spider these days. They use virtual reality to help
people get over phobias.
K: Virtual reality?
J: Yeah. You wear a kind of helmet which lets you see a three-dimensional image of
a spider and hear scary music. It's like you're in another world, just you and the spider.
K: Ugh! It sounds like a nightmare.
J: Well, the picture they show you at first is of a spider a very long way away, so that all
you can really see is a dot. Then they make the spider look as though it's a bit closer,
so that you can see its legs, then a bit closer and a bit closer until you feel like it's right
in front of you.
K: Oh no, I couldn't do that. I'd be terrified.
J: That's OK. They would do it really slowly to give you time to get used to seeing the
spider at each stage. You would gradually realise that there was nothing to be scared
of and you'd get over your fear.
K: I don't think so. I can't bear to look at a spider.
J: Well, virtual reality treatment has worked for people who are just as scared as you.
I read an article about a woman who couldn't even go near a spider that was in a glass
cage. She knew it couldn't get out of the cage but she still couldn't approach it.
K: I know how she felt. I wouldn't go near it, either.
J: Well, after she tried virtual reality treatment she was able to hold a live tarantula in
her hand for over half an hour.
K: Ugh! I don't believe you!
J: Well, it's true. The psychologists who gave her the treatment used the virtual reality
helmet, but they also used a fuzzy object that felt exactly like a spider so that she
could get used to touching it.
K: Really? And you say she was as terrified of spiders as I am?
J: Yes! I really think you should try it. It could stop you being afraid of spiders for ever.
K: Hmm. I'm not sure. Maybe I'll find out more about this treatment.
J: It's worth looking into. I'll give you the magazine article I read if you want.
K: Thanks, Jim. Err... there aren't any pictures of spiders in the article, are there?
J: Oh, Kate!
Used by courtesy of Express Publishing
Zapis nagrania do zadania 4.
Speaker: The game of golf as we know it today originated from a game played in Scotland in the 15th century. The game involved hitting a small stone with a stick around a natural course of tracks, sand hills and rabbit holes. Although some historians claim that two other games, Kolven, from Holland, and Chole, from Belgium, had some influence on the game of golf, neither of these two games involved holes.
In 1457, King James II banned golf because the Scottish people were so keen to play the game that they played golf when they were supposed to be taking part in military training in order to defend Scotland from an English invasion. Most Scots ignored this ban, however, and playing golf became legal again in 1502 when King James IV took up the sport.
Now that golf was the game of kings, it became even more popular. King Charles I made the game popular in England, and Mary Queen of Scots, who was French, took the game across the channel to her home country. In fact, the term 'caddie' comes from the name she gave to her helpers. They were members of the French Military, also known as cadets.
The first golf club was the Gentlemen Golfers of Leith, formed in 1744. Members of this club played to rules written by Duncan Forbes. These rules were adopted by the St Andrews Society of Golfers in 1759 and, in 1764, the first eighteen-hole course was built. St Andrews became the most famous and most highly regarded golf club because of its excellent course and its promotion of golf as an official sport. By the nineteenth century, golfers were using proper clubs act balls instead of sticks and pebbles. The clubs were made from ash or hazel, with heads made from beech, iron or the wood of fruit trees. Golf balls were made from feathers packed together in the form of a ball and covered with horse leather. Today, these pieces of equipment are regarded as antiques, and are quite popular with collectors. Because golf equipment was so expensive, it was a game only the wealthy could afford to play. However, this soon changed when clubs made entirely from metal and balls made from manmade materials became available. These products were mass-produced and anyone could afford to buy them and play with them. As a result, golf became even more popular.
Today, golf is enjoyed in a number of countries around the world, by men and women, young and old, from all walks of life. Why not visit a course near you and see what all the fuss is about?
Used by courtesy of Express Publishing
Zapis nagrania do zadania 5.
Speaker: May I have your attention please?... Thank you. What I'm going to tell you
now is how to add value to your property before it goes on the market.
If you want your property to sell for the maximum amount, it's essential that you spend
time making your property look its best. This needn't cost a fortune; simply cleaning
the most tired parts of a house can often make a big difference. If you're lucky,
investing £500 could add £5,000 to the resale value of your home.
Firstly, make sure that the buyer finds your house attractive even before they come
inside. Remember that buyers form first impressions when they look at your house
from the outside. A well-kept garden, pathway and fence and a freshly painted front
door are immediately appealing whereas an untidy outdoor space with a rubbish bin
outside the front door will frighten many potential buyers away.
Secondly, dust and clean thoroughly from the top to the bottom of the house, from the
cobwebs on the ceiling to the crumbs and stains on the carpets and rugs. Remember
to wash down old paintwork and clean windows. If you're busy and do not have the
time, call in a professional cleaning service.
Next, paint the rooms. Research shows that despite recent trends in interior
decorating, most buyers prefer natural, earthy colours rather than bright, bold
shades. From the wide range of paint colours available, magnolia is still the top selling
colour. Painting walls a pale plain shade maximises the feeling of light and space and
also enables buyers to imagine their possessions in the property.
Remember that it pays to repair the things which break down throughout the year rather than wait until a job is beyond repair and you have to spend money to replace the faulty equipment. Making sure that your property is in good condition on a regular basis saves money. However, if you discover that a major job needs doing when the time comes to sell, it is usually worth paying to put it right as it could bring the value of the property down by far more than it'll cost to have the repair done. Remember that it is essential that you find out the maximum potential value of your property before you decide to invest a large amount of money doing it up. It's pointless spending £20,000 improving your property if it can only add £10,000 to its sale price. Look in local property papers and check estate agents to find out the asking price for similar properties.
Adapted from www.bbc.co.uk/homes
Zapis nagrania do zadania 6.
Steve:... And now over to Linda for the weather.
Linda: Thank you, Steve. Well, I'm afraid there's not much change at the moment,
with most of England, Wales and Scotland experiencing showers, but fortunately, the
outlook for the weekend is much brighter. But first I'm going to tell you what weather
you can expect today.
In the South of England, there will be showers early this morning, but it'll clear up
and there'll be plenty of sun during the day. Today's temperature will be a mild
11 degrees C. The night is going to be mostly dry, too.
In Wales it is going to be another day with showers, but it'll start clearing up in the
evening. The temperature will be a reasonable 8 degrees C. Showers will mostly die
away tonight. With temperature dropping to 1 degree C at night, some patchy frost
can be expected in places.
The West is going to wake up to a bright, breezy morning. Scattered showers will
develop through the day. For the afternoon, you can expect some sunny spells and
a gentle northerly breeze. You can expect conditions to remain bright and breezy all
through the night, too.
It's not the end of the worst weather in Scotland, I'm afraid. Showers and
thunderstorms will continue throughout the day. Locally, showers will be heavy. The
temperature won't r£ach above 8 degrees C. There will be more rain and thunder at
night, but the weather will be much better tomorrow.
In Northern Ireland, it'll be cool and blustery with a maximum temperature of
2 degrees C, dropping to a low of minus 2 tomorrow. This means ground frost and
dangerous road conditions, so motorists are advised to drive carefully. There might
be some snow tomorrow, too.
There's some good news, though. A new, dry weather front is coming from Europe.
The forecast for the weekend is going to be much brighter, with some sunshine in
most places! Very good news for those of you who were hoping to get away for the
weekend!
Based from www.bbc.co.uk/bbcweather
Zapis nagrania do zadania 7.
Interviewer: Anyone who has ever thrown a dinner party will know that it is important
to get everything just right. Creating the perfect food and the perfect atmosphere is
one thing, but what about the perfect etiquette? With us in the studio today is Caroline
Jenkins, author of Dinner Party Etiquette. Caroline, thank you for joining us.
Caroline Jenkins: It's a pleasure to be here.
I: Can you tell our listeners a few ways to make sure that their dinner party manners
are just right?
CJ: Of course. Well, the first thing to consider when planning a dinner party is the
invitations. These can be written or given over the phone or in person. If you are the
guest, you must let the hostess know whether or not you will be attending well before
the date of the dinner party.
I: I see. And how should people behave at the actual dinner party?
CJ: Well, the hostess should greet each guest as they arrive. There should be
a special place where guests can leave their coats, hats, and so on. Remember to
introduce guests who don't know each other.
I: And what etiquette tips do you have for guests arriving at a dinner party?
CJ: Ah, now, guests should always give the hostess a small gift. This should be
something that the hostess does not feel she has to use that night. For example, if you
take a dessert or flowers, the hostess will feel that she has to use these gifts that
evening. As a good hostess will have already decorated her table and planned
dessert, these gifts may make things awkward.
I: I see. Now, let's get to the actual dinner: What should the hostess do?
CJ: Well, when it is time to serve the food, call your guests to the table and direct them
to their seats. Even if you have used name cards guests can have trouble getting
seated, so it is best if you oversee this process. Follow an etiquette book in order to
set the table but remember that things have changed over the years and these days,
utensils such as knives, forks, glasses and so on, may be put in different places.
I: Now, Caroline, I'm sure many of our listeners would love you to tell them when they
should use each utensil.
CJ: Ah, yes, well the best advice I can give you is to start from the outside and work
your way in. That is to say, you should use the fork, knife or spoon on the outside first.
Never put a used utensil back on the tablecloth. Rest it on the side of the plate,
instead. Do not put your napkin on the table until the meal is over. If you have to leave
the table during the meal, put your napkin on your chair, then put it back on your knees
when you return.
I: Caroline, I'm afraid we're going to have to take a short break now, but we'll be back
in just a few minutes with more tips on perfect dinner party behaviour. Stay tuned!
Used by courtesy of Express Publishing
Zapis nagrania do zadania 8.
Speaker 1: When we hang out our clothes to dry in the sun, we use the energy of the sun. The energy of the sun keeps a room with large glass windows warm if the building faces the sun. In the same way, solar panels collect the energy of the sun to provide heat for cooking and for heating water. The energy of the sun can also be stored in a battery. This stored electricity can then be used at night.
Speaker 2: Energy can also be produced by the movement of the atmospheric air. The power of moving air has been used for hundreds of years for sailing and making flour. In the same way the air can turn machines which collect energy on energy farms. The farms producing energy from the power of air movements are friendly to the environment. There is no chemical or radioactive waste. The ground on which the farms stood can be reused for farming purposes at anytime.
Speaker 3: The centre of the earth is very hot and it is possible to use this heat of the earth as a form of energy. Long ago, people bathed and cooked in hot springs, which are simply springs bringing thermal water from down below to the surface of the earth. Today we drill wells to bring the hot water to the surface so that people can heat their houses with it. In some areas, there are a lot of hot springs and geysers. For example, the capital of Iceland is heated mostly by the energy of geothermal water.
Speaker 4: The process that produces the heat in a reactor is the splitting of uranium atoms. That heat boils water to make steam and this steam turns a generator. The part of the plant where the heat is produced in this way is called the reactor core. However, radioactive gases and fluids are created in this way too, and these are dangerous to the environment. You have all probably heard of the Chernobyl nuclear plant disaster.
Speaker 5: Flowing water can be used to produce electricity. This can be done by building a dam which collects water. When masses of the collected water are then passed onto turbines, the turbines start moving and generate electricity. Hydropower is one of the cleanest and cheapest sources of energy, although big dams can cause environmental and social problems.
Based on www.co.uk/weather
Zapis nagrania do zadania 9.
Pete: Hi, Janet. How was work today?
Janet: Oh, the usual, you know. I rushed to get to the office on time because the train
was late, then I felt stressed all morning because of the journey. I tell you, Pete, I'm fed
up with my routine. I wish I could work from home.
P: Well, why don't you? You could easily do your job from home and send your work to
the company via e-mail.
J: I know. I'm just not sure if my boss would agree to the idea. You know - if I wasn't in
the office, maybe he would think I wasn't working.
P: Well, he would know you were working because he would see the finished product
when you sent the work to him, wouldn't he?
J: Yes, I suppose you're right. It would be great for me to be able to plan my day to suit
my own needs. You know, I could work later in the day if I had things I needed to do in
the morning, or I could take a day off in the week and work at the weekend instead. It
would be so much more flexible.
P: That's right. And that way, you wouldn't be stressed about being late. You could
decide on your own working hours.
J: I'd be more comfortable, too. I could work in casual clothes instead of having to
wear a suit for the office. I'd save a fortune on work clothes and dry cleaning bills.
P: Yes, not to mention what you'd save on travelling costs. No more train tickets to buy
or taxi fares to pay.
J: Yeah. Mind you, I suppose I'd have to be pretty self-disciplined. It would be easy to
put work off if I was at home. There would always be more things keeping me away
from work than in the office. I think I'd end up doing jobs around the house instead of
working.
P: Then again, you might end up working more than you do now, because you
wouldn't have a set finishing time. I mean, now, you leave the office at five o'clock and
that's it, the day's work is over. If you were working from home, you might be tempted
to stay at the computer until you finish what you're working on, even if that takes
another couple of hours.
J: Hmm. I see your point. I suppose I'd have to set myself a schedule. You know, work
a set number of hours each day and have a definite starting and finishing time.
P: Well, yes, but isn't that a bit like the routine you have now? I thought you wanted to
get away from all thąj!
J: Haha. You're right. Perhaps it's just a case of the grass always looking greener on
the other side of the fence. I guess I'll just stick with what I'm used to.
Used by courtesy of Express Publishing
Zapis nagrania do zadania 10.
Speaker 1: In 2002, the American National Sleep Foundation made a study of more than a thousand adults. 35 percent said that they had some sleep problems every night or almost every night of the previous year. A study of the Canadian population made in the same year found that 34 percent of people aged 15 and older reported insomnia. What both studies clearly show is that insomnia affects more than three out often adults.
Speaker 2: Insomnia is not defined by the number of hours of sleep every night. A person affected by insomnia has one or more of the following symptoms: difficulty falling asleep, waking up often during the night and having trouble going back to sleep, waking up too early in the morning and not being able to get back to sleep, or waking up feeling tired. An insomniac suffers from one or all of these symptoms on at least three nights a week for a period of one month or longer.
Speaker 3: Many people with sleeping difficulties believe that they're not getting enough sleep, but there is evidence that people with insomnia are in fact getting at least as much sleep as they require, and possibly more. What is known is that insomniacs tend to go to bed early, stay in bed late, sleep during the day, and spend more time in bed than good sleepers. Even though insomniacs sleep as much as people without insomnia, they always feel they sleep less than they should.
Speaker 4: Having difficulties with falling asleep or staying asleep is associated with an increased risk of dying at an elderly age. Many elderly people with sleep problems take naps during the day. In addition to making insomnia worse, naps are related to a higher death rate in this age group. Many people also believe that insomnia can cause health problems such as depression. Recent studies by the National Institute of Mental Health have found that the risk of developing a new depression is almost 40 times higher for people with insomnia than for those without sleep problems.
Speaker 5: Attitudes towards sleep seem to be very important. People with sleep problems are more likely than those without insomnia to expect difficulty falling and staying asleep and to worry about it. If you believe that you cannot function properly without having had a good night's sleep, then even one night of poor sleep may lead to your staying in bed later or taking a long nap. While 10-minute naps during the day may be refreshing, longer siestas may make it impossible for you to fall asleep and stay asleep at night.
Adapted from www.scienitificamerican.com
Zapis nagrania do zadania 11.
Carol: Hello, and welcome to the show. Now, I wonder how many of our listeners are
hoping to get their first book published. They say there's a novel in all of us and with
me in the studio today is literary agent Paul Gibbons to tell usłiow to get that novel
published. Paul, welcome to the show.
Paul Gibbons: Thanks, Carol, it's a pleasure to be here.
C: Now, Paul, you are not only a published writer yourself, but you're also a literary
agent who has read thousands of first novels. What makes a novel a success, in your
opinion?
PG: Well, the novels that get published are the ones that have a certain set of
characteristics. Firstly, a novel should ask one dramatic question. You know: Will
Rebecca find the man of her dreams? Will Jake escape the island of terror? Or: Will
Detective Stokes catch the Midnight Murderer? That kind of thing! There should
always be a central question which the story can develop around. One way to test
your novel is to try and sum up the plot in a single sentence or question.
C: That's fascinating, Paul. What else should a novel have?
PG: Well, a good novel will have a setting that takes its readers to a new world. People
love to learn as they read, and they like to read about places that they don't know. In
this way, they can explore a new city or country as they read. If you don't want to set
your novel in a foreign country, try setting it in a business that people don't know much
about, or even in anothertime in history.
C: Good advice, Paul.
PG: Another important tip is to take care not to let scenes drag. If you start a scene
long before the real action starts and end it long after the real action has finished, it will
be boring to read. Make sure your scenes start just before, or even during the real
action and end just after the action ends. Avoid unnecessary text which doesn't tell
the reader anything.
C: That's definitely a good tip. I hate it when novels go on and on without anything
actually happening. What else should first time authors remember, Paul?
PG: Well, you should also bear in mind that if you make a promise to your readers,
you must keep it. If you mention a knife or gun in the early pages, the reader expects
that weapon to be used. If you write about footsteps or a mysterious voice near the
beginning of your story, the reader expects to find out who they belong to. Don't make
promises to your reader you are not going to deliver.
C: Well, I'm afraid I'm going to have to stop you there, Paul because we've run out of
time. I hope all you aspiring novelists out there have found Paul's advice useful. We'll
be back next week, with... (fade)
Used by courtesy of Express Publishing
Zapis nagrania do zadania 12.
Speaker: Ask anyone what the most romantic day of the year is and they're sure to tell you: St Valentine's Day. Every February, St Valentine inspires millions of people to send cards, flowers, chocolates and jewellery to their loved ones, but who is St Valentine and why do we celebrate romance on the 14th of February? According to legend, Valentine was a priest in Rome in the third century. The emperor at that time, Claudius II, believed that single men made better soldiers than married men because they did not worry about leaving their wives and children. For this reason, he decided to make it illegal for young men to get married so that he would have more good soldiers. However, Valentine did not agree with this decision, and he went against his emperor's wishes. He continued to perform marriages for young couples, but he did so in secret. When Emperor Claudius found out what Valentine had been doing, he ordered him to be put to death.
It is believed that while he was in prison awaiting his execution, Valentine fell in love with a young girl who visited him in his cell. The girl may have been the daughter of his jailer. Before he was put to death, Valentine wrote a letter to the girl which he signed 'From your Valentine'. This letter is said to be the first valentine's greeting, and the phrase 'From your Valentine' is still used today in many greetings cards. It is hard to say how much truth there is in the legend surrounding St Valentine, but the various stories about him all have one thing in common. They show Valentine as being a kind, sympathetic and, most importantly, a romantic character. Some people believe that Valentine's day is celebrated in the middle of February because this is the anniversary of the date of Valentine's death or burial. However, it is more likely that the Christian church decided to celebrate Valentine's day in February to try to christianise the celebrations of an ancient pagan festival. In ancient Rome, February was the official beginning of spring. Later, during the Middle Ages, it was believed that the beginning of the mating season for birds in England and France was on February 14th. This encouraged people to believe that the middle of February would be the perfect date for Valentine's Day.
In Great Britain, Valentine's Day became popular around the seventeenth century, and by the middle of the eighteenth century friends and lovers often exchanged small gifts and handwritten notes on this day. By the end of the century, printing technology had improved greatly and ready-made cards were available. These began to replace written letters. As postal rates became cheaper, the act of sending valentine's greetings became even more common. Today, close to one billion valentine cards are sent each year, not to mention the millions of bouquets of flowers and other gifts, and Valentine's Day is celebrated in many countries all over the world.
Used by courtesy of Express Publishing
Zapis nagrania do zadania 13.
Speaker: If you love cats, but you are unlucky enough to be part of the 10 percent of
the population who suffers from cat allergies, you may be interested to hear that there
are ways of making life easier for yourself. Although there is no cure for allergies, you
can reduce your suffering by following these simple guidelines.
Cat allergies are caused when people develop a reaction to a specific protein
produced in a cat's skin. These proteins are called allergens. Allergens are very sticky
and can stick to clothes, furniture and any other surfaces a cat comes into contact
with. The secret to beating your cat allergy is to avoid coming into contact with these
allergens.
For cat lovers, petting a cat is irresistible, even though you know you are going to
suffer for it later. Petting a cat is fine, as long as you remember to wash your hands
immediately afterwards. Do not touch your face, especially your eyes, until you have
washed your hands, as this will spread allergens from the cat onto your face and
cause an allergic reaction.
If you have a pet cat in your home, ask a non-allergic member of the family to brush
the cat every day. This should be done outdoors so as to prevent hairs from getting
onto the furniture. You should also make sure that your cat is bathed regularly and
that its toys and bedding are washed weekly.
Keep your cat out of your bedroom and off your bed at all times. If your cat leaves allergens on your bedclothes, you will not be able to get a good night's sleep. If you find it impossible to stop your cat from going into your bedroom, you can cover your mattress, blankets and pillows with plastic cases during the daytime. If you follow this advice, there should be no reason to find a new home for your cat. If you love your cat and you don't mind a little extra work, you should be able to live together peacefully and happily with only the minimum of allergic reactions.
Used by courtesy of Express Publishing
Zapis nagrania do zadania 14.
Speaker: If you want to lose weight but can't seem to keep to your diet, it may help you to know that you are not alone. For most dieters, the biggest problem is finding the will power to stay away from forbidden foods. However, now you can find the will power you need to lose weight by following this simple advice. Firstly, it is important to remember that telling yourself you want to lose weight is not enough. This will not be enough to build a strong attitude and give you the power to succeed. To succeed in making any change to your life, you need to build a positive picture of success that you can get excited about and hang on to. This picture will be your goal and will help you stick to your diet. For example, you could picture the way your life will be when you have reached your target weight. Imagine yourself buying new clothes and looking fit and healthy - now, isn't that excitigg? If you have a picture of success in your mind, it will be much easier to stay away from your favourite fattening foods.
Don't just plan to diet or exercise; make sure you actually do it! It is all too easy to spend time planning the healthy things you will eat, or the long walk you will take before work and then not get round to actually doing these things. In this way, you will be imagining that you are making changes, but you will never actually make them. When you get up every morning, think of your plan and make sure your actions follow that plan.
Most people who have tried dieting will tell you that friends and family are not always helpful. They may try to tell you that you have chosen the wrong plan, or that they know a diet that will work better. Don't listen to them. You know what works best for you, so stick to it. Another problem with friends and family is that they may try to tempt you with sweets and fattening foods, telling you that you have worked so hard at your diet that you deserve a treat, just this once. Again, don't let them break your diet. Don't let anyone change your mind once you have decided on your plan. One way to make sure you stick to your diet is to find a friend or group of friends who have the same goals as you. However, it is important to choose your dieting friends very carefully. If you have a friend who talks about losing weight a lot but never actually does anything about it, don't make this friend your dieting companion. If you have a friend with enough will to stay on a plan which is clearly not working, then you should not join this friend in order to lose weight. The best dieting companions are people who are already losing weight and who feel excited about what they have achieved so far and what they are going to achieve in the future. These people will love to have your support and they will certainly offer you plenty of encouragement. It takes hard work and a lot of imagination, but if you follow these steps, you are sure to succeed in reaching your ideal weight. Good luck!
Used by courtesy of Express Publishing
Zapis nagrania do zadania 15.
Interviewer: With us today in the studio is Malcolm Ferguson, a specialist in global
weather. Welcome to the programme, Malcolm.
Malcolm Ferguson: Thank you. It's a pleasure to be here today.
I: Perhaps you could tell us how much truth there is in the old phrase 'April showers'.
MF: Well... People use the phrase 'April showers' to describe the weather during April
but it is in some way incorrect to use this phrase with this meaning in mind. April can
bring all types of weather from sunshine to thunder, from fog and frost to mild muggy
and drizzly days.
I: And what has been the record low temperature in April? And the record high
temperature?
MF:The lowest temperature on record for the United Kingdom is minus 15 degrees C.
This was the temperature on April 2nd 1917 at Newton Rigg in Cumbria. The warmest
weather was recorded at Camden Square in London, 29.4 degrees C, on the 16th
April 1949.
I: Well, then, what do you think explains all that difference?
MF: One of the major reasons for the, often, very heavy showers and downpours that
characterise April is the position of the jet stream. The jet stream is a band of very
strong winds at around 30,000 ft above the surface of the Earth, which controls the
weather that we see on the ground. You see, the most important aspect of the
weather is the formation of depressions, which are areas of low atmospheric
pressure. Depressions are formed when warm air rises. Hot air is lighter than cold air,
you know, hot air balloons work on this principle. When air starts moving up, the
surrounding cooler air moves in to fill the area of low pressure. This explains these
strong winds.
I: And how can this affect the weather on the ground?
MF: In the early spring the jet stream starts to move northwards allowing the large
depressions to bring strong winds and rain in from the Atlantic. So in one day the
weather can change from springtime sunshine to winter sleet and snow.
I: So, why do so many people look forward to April?
MF: April is the month that many people look forward to for many reasons. It is the
month when the sun climbs ever higher into the sky and the evenings begin to get
longer after the clocks have changed to summertime.
I: So, despite all that rain and wind, why is April the symbol of Spring?
MF: It is the month when most of the plants and hedgerows begin growing and the
birds start mating. April 14th is Cuckoo Day when their first call of the year is often
heard. It is followed on the 15th by Swallow Day and the promise of the long lazy days
of summer to come. But beware, April can always take you back into the dead of
winter without any warning.
Adapted from www.bbc.co.uk/weather