■ COPD-chronic obstruc+ivc pulmonary disorders)
• Tobacco smoke
• Air pollution
u-1 antitrypsin dełicioncy
Continual bronchiai irritation and inflammation
Chronić bronchitis
Bronchiai edoma.
Chronić productivo cough. bronchospasm
Breakdown of olastin in conncctivo tissuo of lungs
Emphysema
Ooslruction of alveolar walls. lung fibrosis. air trapping
Airway obstruction or air trapping Dyspnea
Fregucnt infcctions
• Abnormal vontilatlon-pcrfusion ratio
• Hypoxomia
• Hypoventilation