001 (4)

General:

GENDER (suffbces marking the feminine gender)

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bachelor-spinster billy - nanny ^JO^uJ boar-sow boy - girl

bridegroom - bride brother - sister buck - doe Ter-d** buck/ram - ewe/dam pUc c, ("Zv\ łl buli - co w cock-hendvVĄ

colt - filly'**-^¹-^ dad - mom dog - bitch drakę - duck father - mother gander - goose gentleman - lady Kfeir - heiress hero - heroine host - hostess *}**'>]{ husband - wife king - queen leopard - leopardess lion - lioness man - woman monk — nun

Mr. - Miss/Mś/Mrs. /><--> prince - princess    ę, _vH ^ tc.-,

seamster - seamstress/sempstress j»_t,. ** son — daughter stallion - marę ''^f'^5,c' uncle — aunt widower - widów

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abbot-abbess actor - actress (or actor) adulterer - adulteress master - mistress author - authoress (or author) mayor - mayoress duke-duchess monitor - monitress baron - baroness marquis - marchioness k murderer- murderess enchanter - enchantress prophet - prophetess god - goddess emperor - empress founder - foundress góvernor - governess seamster - seamstress host - hostess elector - electress sorcerer — sorceress tiger - tigress traitor- traitress waiter — waitress viscount — viscountess lion - lioness benefactor - benefactress negro — negress tcanon - canoness patron - patroness count- countess peer — peeress dauphin - dauphiness poet - poetess (or poet) deacon - deaconess proprietor - proprietress (—trix) ^! preceptor - preceptress protector - protectress

prior — prioress giant - giantess . .    .

heir-heiress

shepherd — shepherdess p*\ )t*~ hunter - huntress priest - priestess songster - songstress3 instructor - instructress inventor- inventress Jew - Jewess

-trix:

In a number of nouns taken directly from * Latin

administrator - administratrix executor— executrix testator - testatrix iq^aviator — aviatrix

—ine:

hero - heroine (Greek) landgrave - landgravine (German) margrave — margravine (German) comedian - comedienne (French)

-a:

In a few Romance words

don - donna (Italian) infant - infanta(Spanish) signor -signora (Italian) sułtan - sułtana tsar - tsarina /za: - za:ri:na/ czar - czarina /tsa: - tsa:r:na/

-ster:

an old English ending, of which only one example is now in use as feminine

spinster

(lit. she that spins; an unmarried woman).

NB. Also songster was originally feminine, so that songstress has two feminine endings. In like manner seamstress/sempstress from the verb seam, has two feminine endings.

The suffix -ster came to be used as a masculine. This appears in such old words as brewster, huckster, maltster, tapster and in morę recent words such as rooster, ganster.